阅读说明：本技术 一种防弹衣甲片及其制备方法 (Bullet-proof vest nail piece and preparation method thereof ) 是由 所新坤 王晓霞 龚永锋 黄晶 刘奕 周平 李华 于 2018-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种防弹衣甲片及其制备方法。防弹衣甲片从外到里依次包括第一热喷涂层、陶瓷层、高分子层和第二热喷涂层；所述的第一热喷涂层和第二热喷涂层选自金属涂层、金属陶瓷涂层或高分子涂层中的一种或至少两种的组合。制备方法包括：采用冷压烧结将陶瓷材料制备陶瓷层；采用多层热压,在陶瓷层上制备一层高分子层；采用热喷涂在陶瓷层和高分子层的外表面制备第一热喷涂层和第二热喷涂层；得到防弹衣甲片。本发明提供的防弹衣甲片兼具轻量化、高强度、高硬度和高韧性和防弹性；与有机/无机双层甲片相比,耐击穿性能提高了一倍,从原来可承受1～5发子弹提高到可承受6～10发,可大幅度降低人员胸腹部负伤率。(The invention discloses a bullet-proof vest armor piece and a preparation method thereof. The armor piece of the body armor sequentially comprises a first thermal spraying coating, a ceramic layer, a macromolecule layer and a second thermal spraying coating from outside to inside; the first thermal spraying coating and the second thermal spraying coating are selected from one or a combination of at least two of metal coating, metal ceramic coating or polymer coating. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a ceramic layer from the ceramic material by cold pressing and sintering; preparing a high polymer layer on the ceramic layer by adopting multi-layer hot pressing; preparing a first thermal spraying layer and a second thermal spraying layer on the outer surfaces of the ceramic layer and the macromolecule layer by thermal spraying; obtaining the armor plate of the body armor. The bulletproof armor plate provided by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high strength, high hardness, high toughness and bulletproof property; compared with an organic/inorganic double-layer armor plate, the breakdown resistance is doubled, 1-5 bullets can be borne to 6-10 bullets, and the chest and abdomen burden injury rate of a person can be greatly reduced.)

1. a bullet-proof vest armor piece is characterized by comprising a first thermal spraying coating, a ceramic layer, a macromolecule layer and a second thermal spraying coating from outside to inside in sequence; the first thermal spraying coating and the second thermal spraying coating are selected from one or a combination of at least two of metal coating, metal ceramic coating or polymer coating.

2. Body armor panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the ceramic layer is selected from one of the group consisting of alumina, silicon carbide or boron carbide.

3. Body armor panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second thermally sprayed layers have a thickness of 1 μm to 1000 μm.

4. The armor plate of claim 1, wherein the ceramic layer has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm.

5. The body armor panel of claim 1 wherein the polymeric layer has a thickness of 1 to 20 mm.

6. Body armor panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness of the first and second thermally sprayed layers is 50 to 600 μm; the thickness of the ceramic layer is 1-5 mm; the thickness of the polymer layer is 1-10 mm.

7. A method of making the body armor panel of any one of claims 1-6 comprising the steps of:

(1) preparing a ceramic layer from the ceramic material by cold pressing and sintering;

(2) Preparing a high polymer layer on the ceramic layer obtained in the step (1) by adopting multi-layer hot pressing;

(3) And thermal spraying is adopted to prepare thermal spraying coatings on the outer surfaces of the ceramic layer and the macromolecule layer, so as to respectively obtain a first thermal spraying coating and a second thermal spraying coating.

8. The method for preparing body armor panel according to claim 7, wherein the thermal spraying in step (3) is selected from one or a combination of at least two of arc spraying, flame spraying, plasma spraying and cold spraying.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bulletproof materials, in particular to a bulletproof armor sheet and a preparation method thereof.

Background

the body armor is also called as a bullet-proof vest, is a garment which can absorb and dissipate kinetic energy of bullets and fragments, prevent penetration and effectively protect the protected part of a human body, and is an important component of individual protection equipment. Survey data indicate that 80% of the british army fatalities in the battlefield during the first world war are caused by medium velocity projectiles and shrapnel. After the bullet-proof vest is worn, the bullet and the shrapnel can be effectively blocked, and the casualty rate can be reduced by 58%. Wherein the mortality rate caused by chest injury is reduced from 30% to 8%, the mortality rate caused by abdominal injury is reduced from 39% to 7%, and the negative injury rate of the protected part can be reduced by 74%. Therefore, the casualty rate of soldiers can be effectively reduced by wearing the bulletproof clothes.

the bulletproof mechanism of the bulletproof vest is fundamentally two: firstly, fragments formed after the projectile body is fractured are flicked; and secondly, the kinetic energy of the warhead is released through the bulletproof material. The hard body bulletproof mechanism which takes high-hardness ceramics as the main raw material of the armor plate of the bulletproof garment mainly takes the high-hardness ceramics as the main raw material; the bulletproof mechanism of the soft body armor which takes high-performance polymer as the main raw material of the armor plate of the bulletproof armor is mainly the latter, namely the macromolecule is used for effectively dissipating the huge energy of a bullet to achieve the aim of bulletproof. In recent years, in order to improve the bulletproof capability, a soft-hard composite bulletproof garment, namely a bulletproof mechanism which comprises a ceramic layer and a polymer layer, is developed, and the bulletproof mechanism can be summarized by combining soft and hard.

However, the ceramic layer has insufficient toughness, and after the bullet hits the nail plate, the nail plate can be broken and loses the protection effect; polymeric layers, while having high toughness, tend to degrade under certain extreme temperature and humidity conditions.

The patent document with the publication number of CN107314708A discloses an electromagnetic shielding bullet-proof vest, which comprises an outer surface layer, a bullet-proof layer and an inner lining, wherein the outer surface layer is of a scaly structure woven by wave-absorbing shielding ferrite fibers, the bullet-proof layer is formed by closely compounding fibers formed by twisting Kevlar fibers and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and the inner lining is woven by polylactic acid fibers. The sweat-absorbing lining woven by the polylactic acid fiber has good antibacterial property and heat resistance, is comfortable and has no toxic or side effect, and the problem of uncomfortable wearing of the bulletproof clothes caused by sweating is effectively avoided.

patent document No. CN205066581U discloses a body armor for automobiles, which is formed by splicing a plurality of layers of composite body-proof structures according to the appearance of automobiles, wherein the multilayer composite body-proof structure comprises an inner body-proof plate composite layer, an outer body-proof plate composite layer and a silica aerogel layer, and the body-proof plate composite layer is bonded by a surface layer and a back layer through an adhesive; the surface layer is a ceramic material layer, the back layer is a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material layer, holes are uniformly formed in the back layer, and the holes in the two back layers are staggered; the porosity of the silica aerogel layer located between the inner armor composite layer and the outer armor composite layer is gradually reduced along the direction of the projectile incidence. The utility model has the advantages that: the two back layers are uniformly provided with holes, the positions of the holes are mutually staggered, and the silicon oxide aerogel layers in gradient distribution can change the direction of an incident bullet body, so that the bulletproof performance is improved, the overall quality of the bulletproof garment for the automobile is greatly reduced, and the requirements of light weight and bulletproof property are met.

disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a bulletproof vest armor piece and a preparation method thereof. The bulletproof vest armor piece provided by the invention has the advantages of light weight, comfort, large protection area and the like, has excellent performances of high strength, high hardness, high toughness and breakdown resistance, and is greatly improved in safety performance.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A bullet-proof vest armor piece comprises a first thermal spraying coating, a ceramic layer, a macromolecule layer and a second thermal spraying coating from outside to inside in sequence; the first thermal spraying coating and the second thermal spraying coating are selected from one or a combination of at least two of metal coating, metal ceramic coating or polymer coating.

The inner side from outside to inside refers to the side of the bulletproof vest armor piece close to the human body.

the material of the metal coating is selected from one or the combination of at least two of stainless steel, nickel-based alloy, copper alloy or aluminum alloy.

the material of the metal ceramic coating is selected from one or the combination of at least two of CrC-NiCr, WC-Co, WC-CoCr, diamond-NiCr or diamond-NiCrAl.

The polymer coating is selected from one or a combination of at least two of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMPE), polypropylene (PP), Polyformaldehyde (POM), ACETAL, Polyamide (PA), polyester, fluorinated polymer, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), Polybenzimidazole (PBI), Polyimide (PI) or Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP).

Preferably, the material of the first thermally sprayed layer is selected from one or a combination of at least two of WC-Co, HDPE, PPS or an aluminium alloy, and the material of the second thermally sprayed layer is selected from one or a combination of at least two of HDPE, PPS, diamond-NiCr or UHMPE.

The number of the first thermal spraying layer and the second thermal spraying layer is 1-2.

The thickness of the first thermal spraying layer and the second thermal spraying layer is 1-1000 mu m.

The selection of the materials and the thickness range of the first thermal spraying layer and the second thermal spraying layer can achieve the effects of toughening and continuous reinforcement, thereby further improving the bulletproof performance of the armor piece of the bulletproof vest.

the ceramic layer is made of one of alumina, silicon carbide or boron carbide.

The thickness of the ceramic layer is 1-10 mm.

The selection of the material and the thickness range of the ceramic layer can ensure that the bulletproof armor plate has better bulletproof performance.

The thickness of the polymer layer is 1-20 mm.

Further, the material of the polymer layer is selected from one or a combination of at least two of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMPE), polypropylene (PP), Polyoxymethylene (POM), ACETAL, Polyamide (PA), polyester, fluorinated polymer, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPs), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), Polybenzimidazole (PBI), Polyimide (PI), or Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP).

The material selection and the thickness range of the macromolecule layer can ensure that the armor plate of the bulletproof vest has better bulletproof performance.

Preferably, the material of the polymer layer is selected from one of UHMPE, PP, PI, and HDPE.

Preferably, the thickness of the first thermal spraying layer and the second thermal spraying layer is 50-600 μm; the thickness of the ceramic layer is 1-5 mm; the thickness of the polymer layer is 1-10 mm. The bulletproof armor plate prepared in the range has better bulletproof performance.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the bulletproof vest armor piece, which comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparing a ceramic layer from the ceramic material by cold pressing and sintering;

(2) preparing a high polymer layer on the ceramic layer obtained in the step (1) by adopting multi-layer hot pressing;

(3) Preparing thermal spraying coatings on the outer surfaces of the ceramic layer and the polymer layer by thermal spraying to respectively obtain a first thermal spraying coating and a second thermal spraying coating;

The method for thermal spraying in the step (3) is selected from one or a combination of at least two of electric arc spraying, flame spraying, plasma spraying and cold spraying.

In the step (1), the method for preparing the ceramic layer from the ceramic material by cold-pressing sintering comprises the following steps: adding a ceramic powder material into a normal-temperature mold, compacting under the high-pressure of 30-50 MPa to form a compact parison, maintaining the pressure for 3-5 min, then slowly releasing the pressure, conveying the compact parison into a sintering furnace for sintering, and finally bonding and fusing to form a compact ceramic nail plate.

Preferably, in the step (1), the method for preparing the ceramic layer from the ceramic material by cold-press sintering comprises the following steps: adding a ceramic powder material into a normal-temperature mold, compacting under the high-pressure of 35-45 MPa to form a compact blank, maintaining the pressure for 3-5 min, then slowly releasing the pressure, conveying the blank into a sintering furnace for sintering, and finally bonding and fusing to form a compact ceramic nail plate. The technological parameters of the cold pressing sintering are adjusted according to the material and the thickness of the ceramic layer, so that the obtained armor plate of the bulletproof vest has better bulletproof performance.

The method for multi-layer hot pressing in the step (2) comprises the following steps: putting the material of the polymer layer and the ceramic nail plate into a mold, and carrying out hot press molding on a press of about 100-200 t, wherein the temperature in the whole process cannot exceed 200 ℃, and the pressure is maintained at 15-25 MPa.

The thermal spraying method in the step (3) is electric arc spraying, and the process parameters of the electric arc spraying are as follows: the current is 50-150A, the voltage is 10-48V, the air pressure is 0.4-0.8 MPa, the spraying distance is 100-300 mm, the speed of the spray gun is 10-300 mm/s, and the spraying times of the coating are 10-50 times.

Preferably, the process parameters of the electric arc spraying are as follows: the current is 50-150A, the voltage is 10-48V, the air pressure is 0.4-0.8 MPa, the spraying distance is 100-300 mm, the speed of the spray gun is 10-300 mm/s, and the spraying times of the coating are 10-20 times. The technological parameters of the electric arc spraying are adjusted according to the materials and the thicknesses of the first thermal spraying layer and the second thermal spraying layer, so that the obtained bulletproof armor plate has better bulletproof performance.

The thermal spraying method in the step (3) is flame spraying, and the process parameters of the flame spraying are as follows: the flow rate of combustion-supporting gas O2 is 500-1000 nl/min, the flow rate of fuel kerosene is 200-600 ml/min, the flow rate of a powder feeder is 5-20 nl/min, the powder feeding amount is 5-25 rpm, the spraying distance is 100-500 mm, the moving speed of a spray gun is 50-500 mm/s, and the spraying times of a coating are 10-50 times.

Preferably, the flame spraying process parameters are as follows: the flow rate of combustion-supporting gas O2 is 700-900 nl/min, the flow rate of fuel kerosene is 300-500 ml/min, the air flow rate of a powder feeder is 7-9 nl/min, the powder feeding amount is 14-16 rpm, the spraying distance is 200-450 mm, the moving speed of a flame spray gun is 200-400 mm/s, and the spraying times of a coating are 10-15 times. The technological parameters of the flame spraying are adjusted according to the materials and the thicknesses of the first thermal spraying layer and the second thermal spraying layer, so that the obtained bulletproof armor plate has better bulletproof performance.

The thermal spraying method in the step (3) is plasma spraying, and the process parameters of the plasma spraying are as follows: h2 pressure is 0.2-0.6 MPa, Ar pressure is 0.4-0.9 MPa, N2 pressure is 0.4-0.9 MPa, voltage is 40-70V, current is 400-700A, spraying distance is 100-500 mm, moving speed of a spray gun is 50-500 mm/s, and spraying times of the coating are 10-50 times. The process parameters of the plasma spraying are adjusted according to the materials and the thicknesses of the first thermal spraying layer and the second thermal spraying layer.

The hot spraying method in the step (3) is cold spraying, and the cold spraying process parameters are as follows: the working gas is nitrogen, the pressure is 1-5 MPa, the heating temperature is 100-700 ℃, the powder feeding speed is 1-10 rpm, the spraying distance is 5-50 mm, the speed of a spray gun is 300-1000 mm/s, and the number of spraying times of the coating is 10-50 times.

Preferably, the cold spraying process parameters are as follows: the working gas is nitrogen, the pressure is 3MPa, the heating temperature is 300-500 ℃, the powder feeding speed is 1-3 rpm, the spraying distance is 10-30 mm, the speed of a spray gun is 600-800 mm/s, and the spraying times of the coating are 10-20 times.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the bulletproof vest armor piece provided by the invention can resist 6-10 bullets of 9mm FMJ RN or 44Magnum bullets without being punctured, so that the bulletproof vest armor piece prepared by the invention has the advantages of high strength, high hardness, good toughness and bulletproof performance, and excellent safety performance; the invention introduces the thermal spraying coating on the basis of the original ceramic layer and the original polymer layer, thereby achieving the effects of toughening and continuous reinforcement; through bulletproof tests, compared with organic/inorganic double-layer armor plates, the puncture resistance is doubled, 1-5 bullets can be borne originally, 6-10 bullets can be borne, and the chest and abdomen burden injury rate of personnel can be greatly reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a body armor panel provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, and it should be noted that the following examples are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

As shown in fig. 1, the body armor panel provided by the present invention comprises, in order from the outside to the inside, a first thermally sprayed layer 1, a ceramic layer 2, a polymer layer 3, and a second thermally sprayed layer 4.

The preparation method of the bulletproof vest armor piece provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a ceramic layer from the ceramic material by cold pressing and sintering;

(2) Preparing a high polymer layer on the ceramic layer obtained in the step (1) by adopting multi-layer hot pressing;

(3) and thermal spraying is adopted to prepare thermal spraying coatings on the outer surfaces of the ceramic layer and the macromolecule layer, so as to respectively obtain a first thermal spraying coating and a second thermal spraying coating.

In order to represent the bulletproof performance of the armor piece of the body armor, according to the NIJ 0106.01IIIA standard, a 9mm all-metal armor-piercing round-head bullet (FMJ RN) is selected as a bullet, the bullet weight is 8.0g, the lowest impact speed is not more than 427m/s or 44 Magnus semi-armor-piercing hollow pointed bullet (Magnum), the bullet weight is 15.6g, and the lowest impact bullet speed is not more than 427 m/s; the bullet-proof test of continuous shooting is carried out on the armor plate of the bullet-proof vest provided by the invention by adopting one of the bullets.