阅读说明：本技术 一种用于防治烟叶霉烂病的组合物、农药制剂及其制备方法和用途 (composition for preventing and treating mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves, pesticide preparation, and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 梁永进 韦建玉 汪汉成 张之矾 孟源 黄崇峻 陈乾丽 金亚波 张纪利 胡亚杰 蔡 于 2019-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种用于防治烟叶霉烂病的组合物、农药制剂及其制备方法和用途,所述组合物包括吡唑醚菌酯和山梨酸钾,通过将吡唑醚菌酯和山梨酸钾结合使用,可以有效抑制米根霉菌孢子的产生、萌发以及菌丝的生长,从而对烘烤期的烟叶霉烂病达到较好的防治作用；该组合物耐高温效果好,即使经过烘烤期的高温,仍然可以保持较高的药效；且该组合物对烟叶较为安全,不易造成药害。(The invention provides a composition for preventing and treating tobacco leaf rotten diseases, a pesticide preparation, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composition comprises pyraclostrobin and potassium sorbate, and the pyraclostrobin and the potassium sorbate are combined for use, so that the generation, germination and hypha growth of rhizopus oryzae spores can be effectively inhibited, and a better prevention and treatment effect on the tobacco leaf rotten diseases in a baking period can be achieved; the composition has good high temperature resistance effect, and can still maintain higher drug effect even after high temperature of a baking period; the composition is safe for tobacco leaves and is not easy to cause phytotoxicity.)

1. A composition for preventing and treating the mildew disease of tobacco leaves is characterized by comprising pyraclostrobin and potassium sorbate.

2. The composition for preventing and treating the mildew disease of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the pyraclostrobin to the potassium sorbate is (15-100): (1000-3000).

3. A pesticide preparation for controlling the mildew disease of tobacco leaves, which is characterized by comprising the composition for controlling the mildew disease of tobacco leaves according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew disease of tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 3, further comprising an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is an organic solvent, water and a surfactant.

5. The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the rotten disease of the tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 4, wherein the organic solvent is one or two of methanol or acetone; the surfactant is one or more of tween 20, tween 40 or tween 80.

6. the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew disease of tobacco leaves as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the concentration of pyraclostrobin is 15-100mg/L, and the concentration of potassium sorbate is 3000mg/L at 1000-.

7. A process for the preparation of a pesticidal formulation for controlling rotten tobacco leaves according to any one of claims 3 to 6, comprising,

S1, mixing an organic solvent and the raw pyraclostrobin drug to obtain pyraclostrobin mother liquor, and mixing water and the raw potassium sorbate drug to obtain the mother liquor of potassium sorbate;

S2, mixing the pyraclostrobin mother liquor and the potassium sorbate mother liquor with a surfactant respectively to obtain pyraclostrobin liquid medicine and potassium sorbate liquid medicine;

S3, mixing the pyraclostrobin liquid medicine and the potassium sorbate liquid medicine to obtain the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves.

8. The preparation method of the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew disease of tobacco leaves according to claim 7, wherein in the step S1, the mass percent of the raw pesticide pyraclostrobin is 95%, the mass percent of the raw pesticide potassium sorbate is 90%, the concentration of the pyraclostrobin in the mother liquid of the pyraclostrobin is 1 x 10 ⁴ mg/L, the concentration of the potassium sorbate in the mother liquid of the potassium sorbate is 6 x 10 ⁵ mg/L, in the step S2, the concentration of the pyraclostrobin in the mother liquid of the pyraclostrobin is 30-200mg/L, the concentration of the potassium sorbate in the mother liquid of the potassium sorbate is 2000-6000mg/L, and in the step S3, the mixing is equal-volume mixing.

9. the use of the composition for controlling the leaf rot of tobacco according to claim 1 or 2, or the pesticide preparation for controlling the leaf rot of tobacco according to any one of claims 3 to 6, or the pesticide preparation for controlling the leaf rot of tobacco prepared by the preparation method according to claim 7 or 8 for controlling the leaf rot of tobacco during the curing period.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant protection, in particular to a composition for preventing and treating mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves, a pesticide preparation, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Tobacco leaf mildew disease (tobaco pole rot) is a fungal disease which is caused by Rhizopus oryzae rhizozae and is easy to occur in the tobacco curing period, mainly occurs in the tobacco leaf yellowing period, usually white hypha appears at the stem base, black spores are quickly generated and further spread to harm. The disease has the characteristics of strong explosiveness and harmfulness, the incidence rate is up to 100 percent in serious cases, and the quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is reduced, the yield is reduced, and the benefits of tobacco growers are damaged. In the process of baking tobacco leaves in the bulk curing barn, the bulk curing barn has the advantages of small space, high temperature, high humidity and fast air flow, and is beneficial to the occurrence and the popularization of the diseases. As a plant pathogen, sporangiospores thereof can rapidly spread from an infected flue-curing barn to a peripheral flue-curing barn in the tobacco curing process, so that the tobacco mildew disease is epidemic. The inhibition of the germination of pathogenic bacteria spores is one of the key measures for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves; in addition, the inhibition of the growth of pathogenic bacteria hyphae in leaves is the second key measure for preventing and treating the diseases.

At present, the research on the prevention and control of the tobacco rot disease is based on the change of the baking process flow, and the tobacco rot disease is prevented and controlled by reducing the humidity in the baking room. Chinese patent document CN202653141U discloses a wind direction change control system for a flue-cured tobacco curing barn, which emphasizes that the wind direction of a fan is adjusted among a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period, and further reduces the humidity of the curing barn to reduce the mildew and rot of tobacco leaves in the curing barn. Chinese patent document CN102068028A discloses an airflow alternate operation type flue-cured tobacco intensive curing barn curing process, which also prevents and controls the mildew and rot of tobacco leaves by enhancing air flow and dehumidifying. Chinese patent document CN106418640A discloses a method for preventing and treating mildew and rot of tobacco leaves during the baking process in an air-lift bulk curing barn, and the principle is to adjust the air flow speed to achieve the purposes of removing moisture and reducing the occurrence of diseases. In a word, the method needs to be more skilled in tobacco leaf baking technology, has higher requirements on the technical level of a baking worker, and is difficult to realize.

The most economical and effective measure among the methods for controlling plant diseases is chemical control. Therefore, an efficient and safe combination is found, and the air-flow type bulk curing barn can be used for the easily-attacked parts of the tobacco leaves, is used for preventing and treating the rotten diseases of the tobacco leaves in the curing period, can ensure the safety of the tobacco leaves, improves the quality of tobacco leaf products, reduces the economic loss of tobacco growers, and has a wide application space.

Chinese patent document CN102696645A discloses a pesticide composition containing pyraclostrobin and metalaxyl-M, the active ingredients of the pesticide composition are pyraclostrobin and metalaxyl-M, the composition also contains an auxiliary ingredient of a pesticide preparation so as to be prepared into a dosage form suitable for agriculture, the composition is suitable for preventing and treating crop epidemic diseases and downy mildew, but the epidemic disease and the downy mildew both belong to oomycete diseases, and rhizopus oryzae causing tobacco leaf mildew in a baking period belongs to zygomycota diseases, and the composition cannot be used for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf mildew in the baking period; in addition, because the tobacco leaves are baked at a high temperature, the composition or pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of the tobacco leaves in the baking period is required to have the characteristic of high temperature resistance; meanwhile, the composition is safe in medicament and does not cause phytotoxicity to tobacco leaves, and the composition in the literature is difficult to ensure to meet the requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that the pesticide composition in the prior art cannot effectively prevent and treat the tobacco leaf rotten disease in the curing period, and cannot ensure the effectiveness at high temperature and the safety to the tobacco leaf, thereby providing the composition and the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, which have good preventing and treating effects on the tobacco leaf rotten disease in the curing period, are high temperature resistant, and are safe and harmless to the tobacco leaf, and the preparation method and the application thereof.

Therefore, the invention provides a composition for preventing and treating the mildew disease of tobacco leaves, which comprises pyraclostrobin and potassium sorbate.

The composition for preventing and treating the mildew disease of tobacco leaves comprises the pyraclostrobin and potassium sorbate in a mass ratio of (15-100): (1000-3000).

The invention also provides a pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, which comprises the composition for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease.

The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves further comprises an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is an organic solvent, water and a surfactant.

The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the rotten disease of the tobacco leaves is characterized in that the organic solvent is one or two of methanol or acetone; the surfactant is one or more of tween 20, tween 40 or tween 80.

The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves has the concentration of the pyraclostrobin being 15-100mg/L, and the concentration of the potassium sorbate being 1000-3000 mg/L.

The invention provides a preparation method of a pesticide preparation for preventing and treating rotten diseases of tobacco leaves, which comprises the following steps,

S1, mixing an organic solvent and the raw pyraclostrobin drug to obtain pyraclostrobin mother liquor, and mixing water and the raw potassium sorbate drug to obtain the mother liquor of potassium sorbate;

S2, mixing the pyraclostrobin mother liquor and the potassium sorbate mother liquor with a surfactant respectively to obtain pyraclostrobin liquid medicine and potassium sorbate liquid medicine;

s3, mixing the pyraclostrobin liquid medicine and the potassium sorbate liquid medicine to obtain the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves.

The preparation method of the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves comprises the steps of S1, wherein the mass percent of a raw pesticide of pyraclostrobin is 95%, the mass percent of a raw pesticide of potassium sorbate is 90%, the concentration of the pyraclostrobin in a mother solution of the pyraclostrobin is 1 x 10 ⁴ mg/L, the concentration of potassium sorbate in the mother solution of the potassium sorbate is 6 x 10 ⁵ mg/L, S2, the concentration of the pyraclostrobin in a liquid medicine of the pyraclostrobin is 30-200mg/L, the concentration of potassium sorbate in the liquid medicine of the potassium sorbate is 6000mg/L in 2000-charge, and the mixing is equal-volume mixing in S3.

the invention also provides the composition for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, or the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, or the application of the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, prepared by the preparation method, in preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease in the baking period.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

1. The composition for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease comprises the pyraclostrobin and the potassium sorbate, and the pyraclostrobin and the potassium sorbate are combined for use, so that the generation, the germination and the hypha growth of rhizopus oryzae spores can be effectively inhibited, and a better prevention and treatment effect on the tobacco leaf rotten disease in a baking period can be achieved; the two have the mutual synergistic effect, and the combined use of the two has better prevention and treatment effect on the rotten diseases of the tobacco leaves than the separate use of the two; the composition has good high temperature resistance effect, and can still maintain higher drug effect even after high temperature of a baking period; the composition is safe for tobacco leaves and is not easy to cause phytotoxicity.

2. The invention provides a composition for preventing and treating tobacco leaf rotten diseases, wherein the mass ratio of pyraclostrobin to potassium sorbate is (15-100): (1000-3000), by limiting the proportion of the two, better control effect can be further achieved, and the composition is safe to tobacco leaves and is not easy to cause phytotoxicity.

3. The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease provided by the invention comprises the composition for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, and by adopting the composition for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease in the pesticide preparation, the generation, germination and hypha growth of rhizopus oryzae spores can be effectively inhibited, so that a better prevention and treatment effect on the tobacco leaf rotten disease in a baking period is achieved; even if the high temperature of the baking period is passed, the high drug effect can still be kept; and the tobacco leaf is safe and is not easy to cause phytotoxicity.

4. The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of the tobacco leaves further comprises an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is an organic solvent, water and a surfactant, and is convenient to prepare into a dosage form suitable for application by adding the auxiliary agent, so that the composition for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of the tobacco leaves in the pesticide preparation is favorably applied to the tobacco leaves, and the prevention and treatment effect is enhanced; the solubility of the pyraclostrobin and the solubility of the potassium sorbate can be respectively increased by adding the organic solvent and the water; by adding the surfactant, the surface tension of the pesticide preparation can be reduced, the pesticide preparation can be better attached to the leaves of the tobacco leaves, and the application effect is enhanced.

5. according to the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf mildew disease, the concentration of the pyraclostrobin is 15-100mg/L, the concentration of the potassium sorbate is 1000-3000mg/L, the prevention and treatment effect on the tobacco leaf mildew disease can be further enhanced by limiting the concentrations of the pyraclostrobin and the potassium sorbate in the pesticide preparation, and meanwhile, the drug harm symptoms such as leaf deformity, burning spots and the like caused by overhigh concentration are avoided, and the safety to leaves is ensured.

6. The preparation method of the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves comprises the steps of S1, mixing an organic solvent and pyraclostrobin original drug to obtain pyraclostrobin mother liquor, and mixing water and potassium sorbate original drug to obtain potassium sorbate mother liquor; s2, mixing the pyraclostrobin mother liquor and the potassium sorbate mother liquor with a surfactant respectively to obtain pyraclostrobin liquid medicine and potassium sorbate liquid medicine; s3, mixing the pyraclostrobin liquid medicine and the potassium sorbate liquid medicine to obtain the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf mildew disease, wherein the mother liquor can be stored for a long time, and the prepared liquid medicine and the pesticide preparation are stored for a long time to easily influence the using effect of the pesticide preparation, so that the organic solvent is mixed with the pyraclostrobin original medicine in the S1 step, water is mixed with the potassium sorbate original medicine, the solubility of the pyraclostrobin and the potassium sorbate is respectively increased, and the obtained mother liquor can be stored for a long time; when the device needs to be used, the steps S2 and S3 are configured, so that the use effect can be ensured, and the waste is reduced; in the step S2, the pyraclostrobin mother liquor and the potassium sorbate mother liquor are mixed with the surfactant, so that the attachment capacity of the pesticide preparation on the leaves can be enhanced, and a higher control effect is ensured; the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease prepared by the method has good prevention and treatment effect on the tobacco leaf rotten disease in the baking period, can still maintain good pesticide effect at high temperature, and is safe and harmless to tobacco leaves.

7. The preparation method of the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the leaf mildew disease provided by the invention comprises the steps of S1, wherein the mass percent of a raw pesticide pyraclostrobin is 95%, the mass percent of a raw pesticide potassium sorbate is 90%, the concentration of the pyraclostrobin in a mother liquid of the pyraclostrobin is 1 x 10 ⁴ mg/L, the concentration of potassium sorbate in a mother liquid of the potassium sorbate is 6 x 10 ⁵ mg/L, S2, the concentration of the pyraclostrobin in a pesticide liquid of the pyraclostrobin is 30-200mg/L, the concentration of potassium sorbate in the pesticide liquid of the potassium sorbate is 2000-6000mg/L, and S3, the mixing is equal-volume mixing, and the concentration and the mixing ratio of the mother liquid and the pesticide liquid obtained in each step are limited, so that the concentration of the pyraclostrobin in the finally obtained pesticide preparation is 15-100mg/L, and the concentration of the potassium sorbate is 3000mg/L, and the leaf scorching symptom of the leaf is prevented and the leaf scorching is safe and the leaf deformity is avoided.

8. The composition for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, or the application of the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease, prepared by the preparation method, in preventing and treating the tobacco leaf rotten disease in the baking period can achieve a good prevention and treatment effect on the tobacco leaf rotten disease in the baking period by adopting the composition and the pesticide preparation; even if the high temperature of the baking period is passed, the high drug effect can still be kept; and the safety of the tobacco leaves can be ensured, and the phytotoxicity is not easy to cause.

Detailed Description