阅读说明：本技术 一种强吸附型超滤膜的制备方法及应用 (Preparation method and application of strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane ) 是由 陈泉学 于 2019-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种强吸附型超滤膜的制备方法及应用,所述制备方法包括制备超滤膜和吸附膜,并采用电子束照射改性对超滤膜和吸附膜进行活化,利用表面活性剂进行接枝改性,从而使超滤膜和吸附膜可以结合,并改善其对重金属离子的吸附能力和亲水性能,本发明的强吸附型超滤膜应用于含重金属离子的污水处理领域,能够有效吸附污水中的部分重金属,同时对高分子有机污染物具有良好的过滤性能,应用前景良好。(The invention provides a preparation method and application of a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing the ultrafiltration membrane and an adsorption membrane, activating the ultrafiltration membrane and the adsorption membrane by adopting electron beam irradiation modification, and carrying out grafting modification by utilizing a surfactant, so that the ultrafiltration membrane and the adsorption membrane can be combined, and the adsorption capacity and the hydrophilic performance of the ultrafiltration membrane and the adsorption membrane on heavy metal ions are improved.)

1. The preparation method of the strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, mixing ultrafiltration membrane raw materials and stirring until the materials are dissolved to obtain ultrafiltration membrane liquid, scraping the ultrafiltration membrane liquid into a film with the thickness of 200 plus 400 mu m on a flat membrane scraping machine, and drying to obtain an ultrafiltration membrane;

Step two, mixing fibrous polyimide and N, N-dimethylacetamide, stirring until the fibrous polyimide and the N, N-dimethylacetamide are dissolved to obtain a polyimide film casting solution, defoaming for 0.5-1h in vacuum, scraping the polyimide film casting solution to form a film with the thickness of 50-100 microns on a flat film scraper, and drying to obtain an adsorption film;

Vertically irradiating the adsorption film of the ultrafiltration membrane by using an electron beam, immersing the ultrafiltration membrane and the adsorption film in a surfactant after irradiation treatment, immersing for 5-10min for grafting modification, attaching the ultrafiltration membrane and the adsorption film after grafting modification, and pressing under a press roller to obtain a composite membrane;

And step four, vertically irradiating the composite membrane by using electron beams, and drying to obtain the strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane.

2. the preparation method of the strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane according to claim 1, wherein the ultrafiltration membrane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5-20 parts of polymer

60-80 parts of a solvent.

3. The method for preparing a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane according to claim 2, wherein the polymer is one of polysulfone, polyethersulfone and polyvinylidene fluoride.

4. The method for preparing a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane according to claim 2, wherein the solvent is one of N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide.

5. The method for preparing a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the fibrous polyimide: the mass ratio of the N, N-dimethylacetamide is 1: (8-12).

6. the method for preparing a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane according to claim 1, wherein in step three, the energy of said electron beam is 0.5-5MeV and the irradiation dose is 500-2000 kGy.

7. the method for preparing a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the energy of the electron beam is 5-10MeV, and the irradiation dose is 500-2000 kGy.

8. The method for preparing a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is one of tween 20, tween 80, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and sodium dodecyl sulfate.

9. The application of the strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8 in sewage treatment, wherein the sewage comprises one or more of cadmium ions, mercury ions, chromium ions, lead ions and nickel ions.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, in particular to a preparation method and application of a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane.

background

The ultrafiltration membrane is a tool for liquid phase sieve pore separation under the pushing action of the pressure difference at two ends of the membrane, can separate solutes and insoluble particles which are larger than membrane pores, and can not be intercepted by the ultrafiltration membrane for solutes with smaller molecular weight and insoluble particles with smaller particle size.

however, in the sewage treatment process, in order to treat the solute and particles which cannot be intercepted by the ultrafiltration membrane, the pretreatment is usually performed, and the adsorption treatment is usually performed on the sewage subjected to the preliminary filtration by using an adsorbent, so that not only are the steps of the filtration treatment increased, but also the input cost of raw materials is increased, time and labor are wasted, and the efficiency of the sewage treatment is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

in view of the above, the invention provides a preparation method and an application of a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane capable of treating pollutants with small sizes in sewage.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a preparation method of a strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane, which comprises the following steps:

step one, mixing ultrafiltration membrane raw materials and stirring until the materials are dissolved to obtain ultrafiltration membrane liquid, scraping the ultrafiltration membrane liquid into a film with the thickness of 200 plus 400 mu m on a flat membrane scraping machine, and drying to obtain an ultrafiltration membrane;

Step two, mixing fibrous polyimide and N, N-dimethylacetamide, stirring until the fibrous polyimide and the N, N-dimethylacetamide are dissolved to obtain a polyimide film casting solution, defoaming for 0.5-1h in vacuum, scraping the polyimide film casting solution to form a film with the thickness of 50-100 microns on a flat film scraper, and drying to obtain an adsorption film;

Vertically irradiating the adsorption film of the ultrafiltration membrane by using an electron beam, immersing the ultrafiltration membrane and the adsorption film in a surfactant after irradiation treatment, immersing for 5-10min for grafting modification, attaching the ultrafiltration membrane and the adsorption film after grafting modification, and pressing under a press roller to obtain a composite membrane;

And step four, vertically irradiating the composite membrane by using electron beams, and drying to obtain the strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane.

according to the technical scheme, the polyimide is used as the main material of the adsorption membrane, the adsorption membrane has good adsorption performance, the surface of the adsorption membrane of the ultrafiltration membrane and the polyimide is grafted with the surfactant, a certain adsorption capacity can be unexpectedly generated on heavy metal ions, the polyimide has poor hydrophilicity, and the problem of the hydrophilicity is greatly improved after the surface of the adsorption membrane is grafted and modified by the surfactant.

on the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the ultrafiltration membrane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5-20 parts of polymer

60-80 parts of a solvent.

On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the polymer is one of polysulfone, polyethersulfone and polyvinylidene fluoride.

on the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the solvent is one of N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide.

more preferably, in the second step, the fibrous polyimide: the mass ratio of the N, N-dimethylacetamide is 1: (8-12).

On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, in step three, the energy of the electron beam is 0.5-5MeV, and the irradiation dose is 500-2000 kGy.

On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, in the fourth step, the energy of the electron beam is 5-10MeV, and the irradiation dose is 500-2000 kGy.

On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the surfactant is one of tween 20, tween 80, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and sodium dodecyl sulfate.

The surfactant adopted in the technical scheme can improve the hydrophilicity of the adsorption film, can help the adsorption film to be bonded with the ultrafiltration film, and is also beneficial to polyimide to adsorb heavy metal ions.

the invention also provides an application of the strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane prepared by the technical scheme in sewage treatment, wherein the sewage comprises one or more of cadmium ions, mercury ions, chromium ions, lead ions and nickel ions.

Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane adopts a double-layer membrane composite structure, and adsorbs heavy metal ions in sewage on the premise of not influencing the water flux of the ultrafiltration membrane, so that the aim of removing heavy metal ion pollution is fulfilled;

(2) The preparation method of the strong adsorption type ultrafiltration membrane is simple, adopts an electron beam activated grafting mode, utilizes the surfactant as grafting of grafting adhesion to compound the two layers of membranes, and has simple preparation method, good compound effect and good application prospect.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.