阅读说明：本技术 一种藻类抑制剂及其制备方法 (Algae inhibitor and preparation method thereof ) 是由 高静思 巫俊铭 陈菊 廖萍 罗红梅 陈海珊 陈佳旭 吴玉婵 何钟亿 谢志旋 王卫 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种藻类抑制剂及其制备方法,所述方法包括：提供载体；将植物药材粉末、填充剂加入到溶剂中,得到混合溶液；将所述混合溶液喷涂在所述载体表面干燥后,得到所述藻类抑制剂。所述制备方法工艺简单,各原料组分易得,不涉及有毒有害溶剂。所制备得到的藻类抑制剂,能够有效藻类的繁殖,且对环境友好,不会造成二次污染。(The invention discloses an algae inhibitor and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: providing a vector; adding the plant medicinal material powder and the filler into a solvent to obtain a mixed solution; and spraying the mixed solution on the surface of the carrier, and drying to obtain the algae inhibitor. The preparation method has simple process, easily obtained raw material components and no toxic or harmful solvent. The prepared algae inhibitor can effectively propagate algae, is environment-friendly and does not cause secondary pollution.)

1. A method for preparing an algal inhibitor, comprising:

providing a vector;

adding the plant medicinal material powder and the filler into a solvent to obtain a mixed solution;

and spraying the mixed solution on the surface of the carrier, and drying to obtain the algae inhibitor.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant material is selected from one or more of taro, reed, duckweed, xiphophora water, litchi, magnolia alba and homalomena semen.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the support is one selected from the group consisting of zeolite, carbon nanotube, and organic framework material.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the step of spraying the mixed solution on the surface of the carrier and drying to obtain the algae inhibitor comprises:

atomizing the mixed solution to form particles, and attaching the particles to the surface of the carrier to obtain a semi-finished product;

and putting the semi-finished product into drying equipment for drying to obtain the algae inhibitor.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is water.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the filler is hydroxypropyl starch and/or hypromellose.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the plant medicinal material powder to the filler is 100: 0.1-5.

8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the particles is 50 to 100 nm.

9. An algal inhibitor, which is produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The algal inhibitor of claim 9 further comprising a substrate for carrying said algal inhibitor, said substrate having a plurality of mesh openings, said algal inhibitor being secured within said mesh openings.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of algae control, in particular to an algae inhibitor and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The eutrophication of the water body leads to the mass propagation of algae in the water, thus causing the pressure of raw water treatment of water plants and bringing risks to safe water supply of cities.

At present, the algae control is mainly divided into two types, the first type is a systematic reservoir in-situ restoration scheme which takes the eutrophication problem as a fundamental purpose, takes nutrient salts necessary for controlling the growth of the algae as a main way and takes pollution interception and control and integral restoration as core means. The technology takes 'original source clearing' as a core, is the method which can solve the problems fundamentally in the long run, but has more influence factors, is long in duration and slow in effect, and can completely avoid the risk of algae outbreak only by the effort of more than ten years or even decades for some water bodies with serious endogenous pollution. The second type is an in-situ short-term algae control technology, namely various physical, chemical and biological means are adopted to inhibit the growth of algae or remove mass-propagated algae, so that the water body safety is guaranteed. Wherein the physical method comprises a water-raising aeration algae-inhibiting technology, an ultraviolet irradiation algae-inhibiting technology and the like; the chemical method is represented by adding algae inhibiting chemical substances such as copper sulfate; the biological method mainly adopts methods of fish stocking, microorganism cultivation, aquatic plant planting and the like. However, the physical method and the traditional biological method have the defects of long operation time, great difficulty and high cost; chemical methods may destroy ecological balance and cause secondary pollution.

Therefore, how to control algae with low cost and environment is a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an algae inhibitor and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that secondary pollution is easily caused and the ecology is easily damaged in the existing algae control.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an algal inhibitor, comprising:

providing a vector;

adding the plant medicinal material powder and the filler into a solvent to obtain a mixed solution;

and spraying the mixed solution on the surface of the carrier, and drying to obtain the algae inhibitor.

Optionally, the preparation method comprises selecting one or more of rhinacanthus nasutus, reed, duckweed, xiphophora japonica, litchi leaves, michelia alba and homalomena semen.

Optionally, in the preparation method, the support is selected from one of zeolite, carbon nanotube and organic framework material.

Optionally, the preparation method, wherein the step of spraying the mixed solution on the surface of the carrier and drying to obtain the algae inhibitor specifically comprises:

atomizing the mixed solution to form particles, and attaching the particles to the surface of the carrier to obtain a semi-finished product;

and putting the semi-finished product into drying equipment for drying to obtain the algae inhibitor.

Optionally, the preparation method, wherein the solvent is water.

Optionally, in the preparation method, the filler is hydroxypropyl starch and/or hypromellose.

Optionally, the preparation method, wherein the mass ratio of the plant medicinal material powder to the filler is 100: 0.1-5.

Optionally, the method of making, wherein the particle size of the particles is 50-100 nm.

In a second aspect, the algae inhibitor is prepared by the preparation method.

Optionally, the algae inhibitor further comprises a substrate for carrying the algae inhibitor, wherein the substrate is provided with a plurality of meshes, and the algae inhibitor is fixed in the meshes.

Has the advantages that: the embodiment of the invention provides an algae inhibitor and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method is simple in process, raw material components are easy to obtain, and toxic and harmful solvents are not involved. The prepared algae inhibitor can effectively propagate algae, is environment-friendly and does not cause secondary pollution.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the amount of the effective component taro in the algae inhibitor on the growth of anabaena pseudobaena;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the amount of the effective component taro in the algae inhibitor on the maximum photon yield of anabaena pseudobaena;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing IR changes in the maximum photon yield of anabaena pseudobaena at a dosage of 1.02 g/L;

FIG. 4 is a bar graph showing the effect of the amount of the effective component taro in the algae inhibitor on the inhibition rate of the maximum photon yield of anabaena pseudobaena;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the amount of the effective ingredient taro added to the algae inhibitor on the initial slope of anabaena pseudobaena;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the IR change of the initial slope of anabaena pseudobaena at a dosage of 12 g/L;

FIG. 7 is a bar graph of the effect of the amount of the effective ingredient taro added to the algae inhibitor on the initial slope;

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of the amount of the effective ingredient taro added to the algae inhibitor on the electron transfer rate of anabaena pseudobaena;

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the change in the inhibition rate of the electron transfer rate of anabaena pseudobaena at a dosage of 1.02 g/L;

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the effect of the amount of the effective component taro added to the algae inhibitor on the intensity of the semi-saturated light;

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the effect of the amount of the effective ingredient taro added to the algae inhibitor on the autofluorescence of chlorophyll of anabaena pseudobaena.

Detailed Description

The present invention provides an algae inhibitor and a method for preparing the same, and the present invention will be described in further detail below in order to make the objects, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of an algae inhibitor, which comprises the following steps:

s10, providing a carrier.

Specifically, the carrier is an object for carrying an agent capable of inhibiting the growth of algae, and may be zeolite (artificial zeolite, natural zeolite), carbon nanotube, organic framework material, or the like, and the carrier used is an object having a porous surface, and the agent is immobilized by the pores on the carrier. By attaching the medicament to the carrier with the porous surface, the influence of overhigh local medicament concentration on water ecology can be avoided, and the medicament effect can be properly prolonged.

S20, adding the plant medicinal material powder and the filling agent into a solvent to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the solvent is water.

Specifically, the plant medicinal material powder is obtained by drying plants and then grinding the dried plants into fine powder, wherein the leaves or rhizomes of the plants are selected according to different plant species. Wherein the plant type can be a water plant, such as Eichhornia crassipes, Arachis hypogaea, Eichhornia crassipes, Azalea indica, Lemna minor, Nuphar pumila, Nuphar duckweed, etc.; emergent aquatic plants such as herba Apii Graveolentis, rhizoma Typhae, flos Helianthi, rhizoma Acori Calami, rhizoma Phragmitis, flos Nelumbinis, herba Polygoni Hydropiperis, rhizoma Acori Graminei, herba Polygoni Hydropiperis, rhizoma Arundinis, herba Calthae Membranaceae, fine fruit corm Eleocharitis, medulla Junci, etc.; hygrophytic herbs such as taro, lentinus edodes, anthurium andraeanum; submerged plants such as Foliumet algae, Nemacystus decipiens, Scutellaria lagopus, hydrilla, Physalis, Cyperus, Verticillium, Cyperus, Eugenia, Goldia, and Pseudobulbus Cremastrae Seu pleiones; terrestrial plants such as barley straw, litchi, magnolia alba, semen sojae atricolor, and Salix alba.

Illustratively, the duckweed may be effective in inhibiting a variety of blue algae, green algae, gold algae, red algae; the reed can effectively inhibit Microcystis flos-aquae, Microcystis aeruginosa and chlorella pyrenoidosa; the hairyvein agrimony can effectively inhibit microcystis aeruginosa; the xiphophora aquatica can effectively inhibit microcystis aeruginosa, Nannochloropsis oculata, nitzochia graminis (Nitzchia pallea), Chlorella elongata, Scenedesmus obliquus (Scenedesmus obliquus) and Filamentous blue algae (filimentous cyanobacteria); the litchi leaves, the magnolia denudata and the semen hominis can effectively inhibit microcystis aeruginosa; the fine fruit water chestnut can effectively inhibit Haematococcus pluvialis, Anabaena flos-aquae, Anabaena catenulata (Anabaena streptococci) and weak Oscillatoria tenuis (Oscillatoria tenuis).

In this embodiment, the filler is mainly used for forming, i.e. after the plant medicinal materials are made into powder, the mixture is sprayed to form mixture particles. The filler can be hydroxypropyl starch or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, or a mixture of hydroxypropyl starch and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The adding ratio of the filler to the plant medicinal material powder is 100:0.5,100:1,100:2, 100:3,100:4 and 100: 5. Too little filler added affects the formation of spray particles, while too much filler added affects the efficacy of the spray.

S30, spraying the mixed solution on the surface of the carrier, and drying to obtain the algae inhibitor.

Specifically, the mixed solution may be fed into a high-pressure spraying apparatus, and the mixed solution may be formed into fine particles by high-pressure spraying, and the particle diameters of the fine particles may be 50nm to 60nm, 60nm to 70nm, 70nm to 80nm, 80nm to 90nm, and 90nm to 100 nm. The fine particles formed are adsorbed in the micropores of the surface of the support, such as the pores of the surface of the zeolite. Then baking at low temperature to obtain the inhibitor capable of inhibiting algae. It will be readily appreciated that the toasting may be in an oven or in an in-line oven. The temperature of the baking may be 30 degrees celsius.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides an algae inhibitor, and the algae inhibitor is prepared by adopting the preparation method.

In this embodiment, the algae inhibitor further comprises a substrate for carrying the algae inhibitor, the substrate is provided with a plurality of meshes, and the algae inhibitor is fixed in the meshes. Illustratively, a plastic or foam having mesh openings on the surface thereof may be used, and then the algae inhibitor is inserted into the mesh openings, and the algae inhibitor can be conveniently administered by inserting the algae inhibitor into the mesh openings. Meanwhile, the base material can be arranged at a corresponding depth according to the distribution position of the algae in the water body. For example, the blue algae is located at a position 6 cm away from the water surface, so that the substrate can be arranged at a position 5 cm away from the water surface. Thereby inhibiting the blue algae better.

The algae inhibitor provided by the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.

Example 1

Drying roots of mature rhinacanthus nasutus (Spathiphyllyllum Kochi i) plants, grinding the roots into powder, weighing hydroxypropyl starch according to the proportion of 100:0.1, adding the hydroxypropyl starch into an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, adding the obtained mixed solution into a high-pressure spraying device, preparing the mixed solution into tiny particles in a spraying mode, adsorbing the tiny particles on the surface of zeolite, and baking the tiny particles at a low temperature to obtain the algae inhibitor.

The prepared algae inhibitor is added into an experimental box containing anabaena pseudobaena, the algae inhibitor is added according to the adding amount of 0g, 0.04g, 0.08g, 0.17g, 0.25g, 0.34g, 0.68g and 1.02g of white crane powder added into each liter of water body, then the growth curve of the anabaena pseudobaena is drawn, and the result is shown in figure 1. It can be seen that the addition amount of 1.02g/L can obviously inhibit the growth of anabaena pseudobaena. The inhibition mechanism of anabaena pseudobaena is explained as follows:

the maximum light quantum yield of the algae is measured under the condition of saturated pulse after full dark adaptation, reflects the quantum yield when all PS II reaction centers are in an open state, and is an important index for researching the influence of photoinhibition on photosynthesis. A decrease in the maximum photon yield under photoinhibition conditions indicates stress to the algae.

As shown in figure 2, the inhibition rate of the maximum light quantum yield of the anabaena pseudobaena is increased to about 70% within 2d under the condition of 1.02g/L dosage, and then certain fluctuation occurs, but the maximum light quantum yield is stabilized to about 75% after 10 d. The inhibition rate of the experimental group with the addition amount of 0.17-0.34g/L is higher than that of other groups at 7d, the IR of the group with the high addition amount gradually increases along with the increase of the culture time, and the inhibition rate of the experimental group with the addition amount of more than 0.25g/L basically reaches a close level and exceeds 90 percent at 15d, and the inhibition rate increases along with the increase of the addition amount.

Efficient photon yield

The effective photon yield, measured as photosynthesis proceeds under light conditions, represents the efficiency with which excitation energy is captured by the open reaction centers, reflecting the extent to which photochemistry of PS II is restricted due to competition from thermal energy dissipation.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the IR of the effective photon yield at an addition of 0.08g/L was substantially stabilized at a level of 30% on average. With the increase of the added amount, the IR gradually rises, the IR of 1.02g/L added amount is stabilized at about 80% after 9d, the effective light quantum change condition of the experimental groups of 0.34 and 0.68g/L added amount after 9d is basically not different from that of the experimental group of 1.02g/L, and the effective light quantum change condition of the experimental group of 0.25g/L slightly rises at the later stage. At 7d, the inhibition rates of the experimental groups are greatly different, the highest addition amount of 0.25g/L reaches 85.0%, then 0.34g/L and 0.17g/L, then 0.68g/L and 0.08g/L, and finally 1.02g/L and 0.04 g/L. In combination with the change of the maximum photon yield, it is presumed that the maximum photon yield IR of anabaena pseudobaena realized at 7d is the highest at the addition of 0.25-0.34g/L, and the decrease or increase of the addition amount leads to the decrease of IR. However, it is presumed that the reason why the high concentration of the allelochemicals is maintained in the culture system for a longer period of time and the effect of the inhibition is more prolonged is that the high concentration of the allelochemicals is increased until 9 to 10 days, but the IR of the high concentration of the allelochemicals is decreased to some extent by 0.25 to 0.34 g/L.

Initial slope of fast light curve

The initial slope of the rapid light curve of algae photosynthesis reflects the utilization efficiency of anabaena pseudobaena on light energy. Fig. 5 shows the change of the initial slope of anabaena pseudobaena at different SKRE dosages, and the initial slope is similarly inhibited as the change trend of the effective photon yield. As can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 7, the initial slope IR was the highest at 1-3d, 0.68 and 1.02g/L, the initial slope IR was the highest at 4-9d, 3-4g/L, and then 0.17, 0.08, 0.68, 1.02 and 0.04g/L, and after 9d, the initial slope IR increased more regularly with increasing amounts.

Overall, the IR of the initial slopes of the low dose group (0.04, 0.08g/L) and the high dose group (0.34-1.02g/L) gradually increased as the incubation time was extended; the middle dosing group rises first and then falls. At the initial stage (0-3d), the IR of the initial slope is increased and then decreased, and then the regeneration is high along with the increase of the adding amount; in the middle period (4-9d), the IR of the initial slope rises first and then falls; by the end of the period (10-18d), the IR increased with increasing dosage, but the difference between the dosages of 0.25-1.02g was not great.

Electron transfer rate

FIG. 8 is a variation curve of the photosynthetic Electron Transfer Rate (ETR) of anabaena pseudobaena at different dosages, the inhibition effect of ETR is unstable, the low dosages (0.04g/L and 0.08g/L) have promotion effect at the early stage, and along with the increase of the dosages, the inhibition rates at the early stage and the middle stage have no obvious variation rule, and the inhibition difference between the dosages at the later stage of 0.25-1.02g/L is not obvious.

The effect of the 1.02g/L dosage on the electron transfer rate continuously fluctuates along with the time extension, as shown in FIG. 9, the maximum inhibition rate can reach more than 80%, but only a few time points reach. Therefore, the inhibition of allelopathy is weaker than the inhibition of the electron transfer rate of anabaena pseudobaena than the inhibition of the photon yield and the light energy utilization efficiency.

Half-saturated light intensity

Fig. 10 is a curve showing the variation of the half-saturation intensity of anabaena pseudobaena at different amounts of SKRE, which reflects the tolerance of anabaena pseudobaena to strong light, and shows that compared with the control group, the addition of SKRE has no significant rule of influence on the variation of the half-saturation intensity, and the high concentration addition amount can improve the half-saturation intensity of anabaena pseudobaena at the later stage of culture.

Algae autofluorescence of chlorophyll

The algae fluoresce from chlorophyll to reflect the situation that the photosynthesis of the algae initially reacts to the stress of chemosensation. FIG. 11 shows the change of the autofluophyllin fluorescence signal of Anabaena pseudobaena at different SKRE dosages, which indicates that the chlorophyll fluorescence changes more stably in the growth process of Anabaena pseudobaena; the chlorophyll fluorescence trend of the groups at 0.04 and 0.08g/L addition is close to that of the control group. Along with the increase of the adding amount, at the initial stage, the adding amount of the group of 0.17g/L is slightly lower than that of the control group, and each group of 0.25-1.02g/L is obviously lower than that of the control group; the chlorophyll fluorescence intensity of each experimental group with the addition amount of 0.17-1.02g/L is obviously increased along with the increase of the culture time, the rising trend of the group with the addition amount of 0.17-0.34g/L is most obvious, the 0.68g/L experimental group lags behind, but the chlorophyll fluorescence intensity is highest after 12 d; the 1.02g/L dose group rose slightly relative to the other groups, but still exceeded the control group between 9-15d, and then declined to 18d, which is the lowest of the experimental groups.

In conclusion, the influence of the agrimony on the algae firstly acts on a photosynthetic system of the algae to influence the light quantum yield and the light reaction efficiency of the photosynthetic system, but the algae has a feedback mechanism for responding to environmental stress, and the phenomenon is shown that the biomass of the algae cannot be inhibited under low addition and the rising trend of the autofluorophyll fluorescence exceeds that of a control group after the algae are cultured for a period of time. The photochromic pigment is damaged by further increasing the adding amount, so that the effect of reducing the biomass of the algae is achieved.

Example 2

Drying (500g) roots of mature Spathiphyllum Kochii plants, removing pollutants on the surfaces of litchi leaves, drying (200g) the roots of reeds, grinding (300g) the roots of the mature Spathiphyllum Kochii plants into powder, weighing hydroxypropyl starch according to the ratio of 100:2, adding the hydroxypropyl starch into an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, adding the mixed solution into a high-pressure spraying device, preparing the mixed solution into micro particles in a spraying manner, adsorbing the micro particles on the surfaces of zeolite, and baking at low temperature to obtain the algae inhibitor.

The obtained algae inhibitor is embedded into meshes on a plastic plate, put into a reservoir containing anabaena pseudocarp, sampled and analyzed at certain intervals, and the comparison shows that the algae inhibitor has good inhibition effect on the growth of blue algae.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.