阅读说明：本技术 一种生物质高效清洁炭和气的多联产装置 (Poly-generation device for efficiently cleaning carbon and gas by biomass ) 是由 马培勇 雷阳阳 祁风雷 邢献军 夏永昭 仰科 孙海韵 于 2021-08-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种生物质高效清洁炭和气的多联产装置,包括炉体,炉体的底部设有出灰口,炉体内设有炉排,炉排下方设有导热板；炉排的上方设为气化室,炉排与导热板之间设为炭化室,导热板的下方设为燃烧室；燃烧室的侧壁上设有进料绞龙、进气口,炭化室中靠近导热板的上方设有自动出炭装置；另气化室的顶部设有出气口,侧壁上设有第一物料进料口；本发明采用热量分级利用原理,燃烧室燃烧产生的高热量会先将炉排底部的生物质炭化,同时剩余的热量会将上层进入气化室的物料发生氧化还原反应,从而产生生物质燃气；从而突破了现有的固定床上、下吸式气化炉只生产生物质燃气或炭的缺陷,实现了生物质气和炭的联产,大大提高了生物质的利用率。(The invention relates to a poly-generation device for efficiently cleaning charcoal and gas by biomass, which comprises a furnace body, wherein the bottom of the furnace body is provided with an ash outlet, a fire grate is arranged in the furnace body, and a heat-conducting plate is arranged below the fire grate; a gasification chamber is arranged above the fire grate, a carbonization chamber is arranged between the fire grate and the heat conducting plate, and a combustion chamber is arranged below the heat conducting plate; the side wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a feeding auger and an air inlet, and an automatic carbon discharging device is arranged in the carbonization chamber above the heat conducting plate; the top of the gasification chamber is provided with an air outlet, and the side wall of the gasification chamber is provided with a first material inlet; according to the biomass fuel gas gasification furnace, the heat grading utilization principle is adopted, biomass at the bottom of the grate can be carbonized firstly by high heat generated by combustion in the combustion chamber, and simultaneously, materials entering the gasification chamber from the upper layer can be subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction by the residual heat, so that biomass fuel gas is generated; therefore, the defect that the existing fixed bed up-draft and down-draft gasification furnaces only produce biomass gas or charcoal is overcome, the co-production of the biomass gas and the charcoal is realized, and the utilization rate of biomass is greatly improved.)

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient clean charcoal of living beings and gassy poly-generation device, includes furnace body (1), the bottom of furnace body (1) is equipped with ash hole (11), its characterized in that: a fire grate (12) is arranged in the furnace body (1), and a heat conducting plate (13) is arranged below the fire grate (12); a gasification chamber (2) is arranged above the fire grate (12), a carbonization chamber (3) is arranged between the fire grate (12) and the heat-conducting plate (13), and a combustion chamber (4) is arranged below the heat-conducting plate (13); a feeding auger (41) and an air inlet (42) are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber (4), and an automatic carbon discharging device (31) is arranged in the carbonization chamber (3) above the heat conducting plate (13); in addition, the top of the gasification chamber (2) is provided with an air outlet (21), and the side wall is provided with a first material inlet (22).

2. The poly-generation device of high-efficiency clean carbon and gas of biomass as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: a material drying device (5) is further arranged outside the furnace body (1), a material drying chamber (51) is arranged inside the material drying device (5), a second material feeding hole (52) is formed in the top of the material drying chamber, and a material discharging hole (53) is formed in the bottom of the material drying chamber; a drying pipe (6) penetrates through the material drying chamber (51), one end of the drying pipe (6) is communicated with the air outlet (21), and an induced draft fan (61) is arranged at the other end of the drying pipe; and a spiral feeding device (7) is arranged between the material outlet (53) and the first material inlet (22).

3. The poly-generation device for high-efficiency clean carbon and gas of biomass as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and a catalyst net (62) is arranged on one side of the drying pipe (6) close to the air outlet (21).

4. The poly-generation device for high-efficiency clean carbon and gas of biomass as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: and a water cooling device (8) is arranged outside the automatic carbon discharging device (31).

5. The poly-generation device of high-efficiency clean carbon and gas of biomass as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: and the water cooling device (8) is also connected with a refrigerator (9).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, and particularly relates to the field of preparation of fuel gas and carbon by using biomass.

Background

Energy and environmental problems have become the focus of global attention, with the rapid increase of energy consumption in China, the use of fossil fuel in large quantities brings serious environmental pollution and ecological damage, coal, petroleum and natural gas are used as main energy at the present stage and are also valuable raw materials of organic chemical industry, the resource quantity is increasingly reduced, the mode of generally using as fuel in China causes great waste, the development of clean renewable energy becomes the urgent need of sustainable development, meanwhile, biomass energy is the only clean energy which can be stored and transported on the earth in the renewable energy, the resource quantity is large, the distribution is wide, and the development potential is huge; biomass gasification is one of biomass energy utilization technologies, wherein a fixed bed gasification furnace has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity and convenience in manufacture, low manufacturing cost, easiness in operation, suitability for massive and large-particle raw materials and the like, and is suitable for rural areas in China; the gasification furnaces of the type are divided into an up-draft gasification furnace and a down-draft gasification furnace, and due to the structural problem, the calorific value of the fuel gas produced by the up-draft gasification furnace is lower, carbon cannot be produced, the sealing is difficult, the adding is inconvenient, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention achieves the purposes through the following technical scheme:

a poly-generation device for efficiently cleaning carbon and gas by biomass comprises a furnace body, wherein the bottom of the furnace body is provided with an ash outlet, a fire grate is arranged in the furnace body, and a heat-conducting plate is arranged below the fire grate; a gasification chamber is arranged above the fire grate, a carbonization chamber is arranged between the fire grate and the heat conducting plate, and a combustion chamber is arranged below the heat conducting plate; the side wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a feeding auger and an air inlet, and an automatic carbon discharging device is arranged in the carbonization chamber above the heat conducting plate; in addition, the top of the gasification chamber is provided with an air outlet, and the side wall of the gasification chamber is provided with a first material feeding hole.

As a further optimized scheme of the invention, a material drying device is also arranged outside the furnace body, a material drying chamber is arranged inside the material drying device, a second material feeding hole is formed in the top of the material drying chamber, and a material discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the material drying chamber; a drying pipe penetrates through the material drying chamber, one end of the drying pipe is communicated with the air outlet, and the other end of the drying pipe is provided with an induced draft fan; a spiral feeding device is arranged between the material outlet and the first material inlet; the high-temperature gas that produces in the furnace body can utilize the heat of gas self to come dry biomass material through the drying tube in the biomass material drying chamber, reduces the moisture in the material, has effectively utilized the waste heat that the gas carried, has reduced the energy consumption to can realize the safety of gas, convenient transport.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a catalyst net is arranged on one side of the drying pipe close to the air outlet; impurities such as tar contained in the fuel gas can be converted into combustible gas through the catalyst net, so that the heat value of the biomass gas is improved.

As a further optimized scheme of the invention, a water cooling device is arranged outside the automatic carbon discharging device; contain very high heat when biomass charcoal discharges, water cooling system absorbs the heat, has reduced biomass charcoal's temperature on the one hand like this, convenient transportation, the waste heat that also is convenient for effectively utilize biomass charcoal to carry simultaneously.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the water cooling device is also connected with a refrigerator.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) according to the biomass carbonization furnace, the heat grading utilization principle is adopted, biomass at the bottom of the fire grate can be firstly carbonized by high heat generated by combustion in the combustion chamber, and the generated biochar falls onto an automatic carbon discharging device of the carbonization chamber; meanwhile, the residual heat can carry out oxidation-reduction reaction on the material entering the gasification chamber from the upper layer, so as to generate biomass gas; therefore, the defects that the existing fixed bed up-draft and down-draft gasification furnaces only produce biomass gas or charcoal and have low thermal efficiency are overcome, the co-production of the biomass gas and the charcoal is realized, and the utilization rate of biomass is greatly improved;

2) the generated fuel gas has high heat value and low content of tar and other impurities, can simultaneously generate biomass fuel gas and biomass charcoal, and maximizes the utilization of combustion heat and the like;

3) and the waste heat is fully utilized, and the energy loss is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structural principle of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a furnace body; 11. an ash outlet; 12. a grate; 13. a heat conducting plate; 2. a gasification chamber; 21. an air outlet; 22. a first material inlet; 3. a carbonization chamber; 31. an automatic carbon discharging device; 4. a combustion chamber; 41. feeding the auger; 42. an air inlet; 5. a material drying device; 51. a material drying chamber; 52. a second material feeding hole; 53. a material outlet; 6. a drying tube; 61. an induced draft fan; 62. a catalyst net; 7. a screw feeder; 8. a water cooling device; 9. a refrigerator.

Detailed Description

The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1, the poly-generation device for high-efficiency clean biomass charcoal and gas comprises a furnace body 1, wherein an ash outlet 11 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1, a fire grate 12 is arranged in the furnace body 1, and a heat-conducting plate 13 is arranged below the fire grate 12;

wherein, the upper part of the fire grate 12 is set as a gasification chamber 2, a carbonization chamber 3 is set between the fire grate 12 and a heat conducting plate 13, and a combustion chamber 4 is set below the heat conducting plate 13;

a feeding auger 41 and an air inlet 42 are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber 4, and an automatic carbon discharging device 31 is arranged in the carbonization chamber 3 above the heat conducting plate 13;

in addition, the top of the gasification chamber 2 is provided with an air outlet 21, and the side wall is provided with a first material inlet 22;

when the air-supply device is used, the feeding auger supplies materials into the combustion chamber, and simultaneously, the air inlet arranged below the feeding auger provides air into the combustion chamber and ensures sufficient air in the combustion chamber; high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber can transfer heat into the carbonization chamber through the heat conducting plate to carbonize the biomass material on the grate, and biomass charcoal ash after carbonization falls onto an automatic charcoal discharging device arranged in the carbonization chamber and is discharged out of the furnace body through the automatic charcoal discharging device; biomass above the fire grate can be incompletely combusted, and the generated biomass fuel gas can be discharged through the gas outlet;

further, a material drying device 5 is arranged outside the furnace body 1, a material drying chamber 51 is arranged inside the material drying device 5, a second material inlet 52 is arranged at the top, and a material outlet 53 is arranged at the bottom; a drying pipe 6 penetrates through the material drying chamber 51, one end of the drying pipe 6 is communicated with the air outlet 21, and the other end of the drying pipe is provided with an induced draft fan 61; a spiral feeding device 7 is arranged between the material outlet 53 and the first material inlet 22; a catalyst net 62 is arranged on one side of the drying pipe 6 close to the air outlet 21;

because the produced biomass gas has high temperature and contains impurities such as tar, the biomass gas is discharged through the gas outlet and then is introduced into the drying pipe, and the impurities such as tar are converted into combustible gas through the catalyst net arranged in the drying pipe, so that the heat value of the biomass gas is improved; meanwhile, the drying pipe passes through the material drying chamber, the biomass material is dried by using the heat of the drying pipe when high-temperature fuel gas passes through the drying pipe of the material drying chamber part, and the dried material is directly conveyed into the gasification chamber through the spiral feeding device and is continuously carbonized;

furthermore, a water cooling device 8 is arranged outside the automatic carbon discharging device 31, and a refrigerator 9 is connected to the water cooling device 8; when the biomass charcoal contains high heat during discharge, the water cooling device can absorb the heat, and the generated hot water generates a refrigerating effect through the refrigerator, so that the temperature of the biomass charcoal is reduced, the transportation is convenient, and the waste heat carried by the biomass charcoal is conveniently and effectively utilized;

the poly-generation device for efficiently cleaning the carbon and the gas by the biomass has the advantages of self-preheating, self-heat preservation, self-cooling, low energy consumption, high conversion rate, high heat value of the generated gas, low tar content and capability of simultaneously generating the biomass gas and the biomass carbon, maximizes the combustion heat as far as possible, and can be used for producing the gas by various biomasses such as corn straws, wheat straws, rice husks, peanut shells and the like.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.