阅读说明：本技术 天线 (Antenna with a shield ) 是由 考沙尔·赛伦德拉 官宁 韩旭 于 2020-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：可较强地发送接收电波的辐射方向角范围宽的天线。天线(1)具备：电介质层(10)、在电介质层(10)的第一主面形成的接地导体层(30)、在电介质层(10)的第二主面形成的导电性的辐射元件(25、26)。第一辐射元件(25)具有第一非均匀宽度部(25t),第一非均匀宽度部(25t)在与对着第一顶点(25j)的直线状的第一边(25a)平行的方向上的宽度从第一边(25a)朝向第一顶点(25j)逐渐减小。第二辐射元件(26)具有第二非均匀宽度部(26t),第二非均匀宽度部(26t)在与对着第二顶点(26j)的直线状的第二边(26a)平行的方向上的宽度从第二边(26a)朝向第二顶点(26j)逐渐减小。(An antenna capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves with a wide radiation direction angle range. An antenna (1) is provided with: the antenna comprises a dielectric layer (10), a ground conductor layer (30) formed on a first main surface of the dielectric layer (10), and conductive radiation elements (25, 26) formed on a second main surface of the dielectric layer (10). The first radiation element (25) has a first uneven width portion (25t), and the width of the first uneven width portion (25t) in a direction parallel to a linear first side (25a) opposite to a first vertex (25j) gradually decreases from the first side (25a) toward the first vertex (25 j). The second radiation element (26) has a second uneven width portion (26t), and the width of the second uneven width portion (26t) in a direction parallel to a linear second side (26a) opposite to the second vertex (26j) gradually decreases from the second side (26a) to the second vertex (26 j).)

1. An antenna is provided with:

a dielectric layer having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface;

a ground conductor layer formed on the first main surface;

a conductive first radiation element formed on the second main surface; and

a conductive second radiation element formed on the second main surface side by side with the first radiation element,

the first radiation element has a first uneven width portion whose width in a direction parallel to a first side of a straight line shape facing a first top portion is gradually decreased from the first side toward the first top portion,

the second radiation element has a second non-uniform width portion whose width in a direction parallel to a second side of the straight line shape facing the second top portion is gradually reduced from the second side toward the second top portion.

2. The antenna of claim 1,

the first non-uniform width portion includes the first top portion,

the first radiating element has a first uniform width portion continuous from the first non-uniform width portion to the first edge,

the first uniform width portion includes the first side, the first uniform width portion is uniform in width in a direction parallel to the first side,

the second non-uniform width portion includes the second top portion,

the second radiating element has a second uniform width portion continuous from the second non-uniform width portion to the second edge,

the second uniform width portion includes the second edge, the second uniform width portion being uniform in width in a direction parallel to the second edge.

3. The antenna of claim 2,

the edges of both side portions of the first uneven width portion are formed in a straight line, and the edges of both side portions of the second uneven width portion are formed in a straight line.

4. The antenna of claim 1 or 2,

the edges of both side portions of the first uneven width portion are formed in a curved shape, and the edges of both side portions of the second uneven width portion are formed in a curved shape.

5. The antenna of any one of claims 1-4,

the first radiation element is in a line-symmetrical shape with respect to a perpendicular line drawn from the first top toward the first side,

the second radiating element is formed in a line-symmetrical shape with respect to a perpendicular line drawn from the second top toward the second side.

6. The antenna of any one of claims 1-5,

the second side and the first side are arranged on a straight line.

7. The antenna of claim 6,

the first and second radiating elements are symmetrical to each other about a line of symmetry between the first and second radiating elements and perpendicular to the first edge.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

a conductive first power supply line formed on the second main surface and extending from the first tip portion;

a conductive second power supply line formed on the second main surface and extending from the second tip, the second power supply line being electrically connected to an end of the first power supply line remote from the first radiating element; and

an electrically conductive transmission line extending from an end of the first power feeding course remote from the first radiating element and an end of the second power feeding course remote from the second radiating element.

9. The antenna of claim 8,

the transmission line extends perpendicularly to the first side in a direction from the first side toward the first tip from an end of the first power supply line away from the first radiating element and an end of the second power supply line away from the second radiating element,

the first radiating element and the second radiating element are line-symmetrical to each other about a center line of the transmission line, and the first power supply line and the second power supply line are line-symmetrical to each other about the center line of the transmission line.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an antenna.

Background

Patent document 1 discloses an array antenna which is a direct connection feeding system and is a coplanar feeding system. The direct connection power supply method includes: and a feeding mode in which the feeding line is directly connected to the antenna element. The coplanar power supply method is as follows: and a feeding method in which the feeding line and the antenna element are formed on a common plane.

As described in patent document 1, the ground conductor layer is formed on one surface of the dielectric substrate, and the plurality of antenna elements and the plurality of feed lines are formed on the other surface of the dielectric substrate. The plurality of antenna elements are arranged linearly, and the feed lines extend from the antenna elements, respectively. The end portions of the power feeding lines extending from the end antenna elements located at both ends of the row of antenna elements are open, and these end antenna elements are non-feeding elements. The end of a feed line extending from an intermediate antenna element other than the end antenna element is connected to the transmission/reception circuit, and the intermediate antenna element serves as a feed element. The passive elements at both ends are provided to mitigate the difference in directivity of the feed elements.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2017-046107

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In addition, even in a directional antenna that transmits and receives radio waves strongly in a specific direction, it is desirable that the range of the radiation direction angle at which radio waves can be transmitted and received strongly is wide.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an antenna capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves with a wide radiation direction angle range.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the above object, a main aspect of the present invention is an antenna including: a dielectric layer having a first main surface and a second main surface on the opposite side of the first main surface; a ground conductor layer formed on the first main surface; a conductive first radiation element formed on the second main surface; and a conductive second radiation element formed on the second main surface side by side with the first radiation element, wherein the first radiation element has a first uneven width portion whose width in a direction parallel to a first side of a straight line facing the first apex portion is gradually reduced from the first side toward the first apex portion, and the second radiation element has a second uneven width portion whose width in a direction parallel to a second side of a straight line facing the second apex portion is gradually reduced from the second side toward the second apex portion.

Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the following specification and the accompanying drawings.

(III) advantageous effects

According to the present invention, the range of the radiation direction angle of the radio wave can be strongly transmitted and received by the antenna.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an antenna of the first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the conductor pattern layer of the antenna of the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a conductor pattern layer of the antenna according to the modification of the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the conductor pattern layer of the antenna of the second embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a conductor pattern layer of the antenna of the third embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a conductor pattern layer of the antenna of the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between a reflection coefficient and a frequency of the antenna according to the modification of the first embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a graph showing a relationship between the gain and the radiation direction angle of the antenna according to the modification of the first embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between a reflection coefficient and a frequency of the antenna according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between the gain and the radiation direction angle of the antenna according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a graph showing a relationship between a reflection coefficient and a frequency of the antenna according to the third embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a graph showing a relationship between the gain and the radiation direction angle of the antenna according to the third embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the reflection coefficient and the frequency of the antenna of the comparative example.

Fig. 14 is a graph showing a relationship between the gain and the radiation direction angle of the antenna according to the fourth embodiment.

Detailed Description

At least the following matters will be apparent from the description of the following specification and drawings.

An antenna is known, which includes: a dielectric layer having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface; a ground conductor layer formed on the first main surface; a conductive first radiation element formed on the second main surface; and a conductive second radiation element formed on the second main surface side by side with the first radiation element, wherein the first radiation element has a first uneven width portion whose width in a direction parallel to a first side of a straight line facing the first apex portion is gradually reduced from the first side toward the first apex portion, and the second radiation element has a second uneven width portion whose width in a direction parallel to a second side of a straight line facing the second apex portion is gradually reduced from the second side toward the second apex portion.

As described above, since the first radiation element having the first non-uniform width portion and the second radiation element having the second non-uniform width portion are arranged side by side, the range of the radiation direction angle in which the radio wave can be transmitted and received strongly by the antenna can be expanded.

The first non-uniform width portion includes the first top portion, the first radiation element has a first uniform width portion that is continuous from the first non-uniform width portion to the first side, the first uniform width portion includes the first side, a width of the first uniform width portion in a direction parallel to the first side is uniform, the second non-uniform width portion includes the second top portion, the second radiation element has a second uniform width portion that is continuous from the second non-uniform width portion to the second side, the second uniform width portion includes the second side, and a width of the second uniform width portion in a direction parallel to the second side is uniform.

As described above, since the first radiation element has the first non-uniform width portion and the first uniform width portion, and the second radiation element arranged side by side with the first radiation element has the second non-uniform width portion and the second uniform width portion, the range of the radiation direction angle capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves strongly through the antenna can be further expanded.

The edges of both side portions of the first uneven width portion may be formed in a straight line, and the edges of both side portions of the second uneven width portion may be formed in a straight line.

The edges of both side portions of the first uneven width portion may be formed in a curved shape, and the edges of both side portions of the second uneven width portion may be formed in a curved shape.

The first radiating element may have a shape that is line-symmetrical with respect to a perpendicular line drawn from the first top portion to the first side, and the second radiating element may have a shape that is line-symmetrical with respect to a perpendicular line drawn from the second top portion to the second side.

The second side and the first side may be arranged on a straight line.

The first and second radiating elements may be symmetrical to each other about a line of symmetry between the first and second radiating elements and perpendicular to the first side.

The antenna may further include: a conductive first power supply line formed on the second main surface and extending from the first tip portion; a conductive second power supply line formed on the second main surface and extending from the second tip, the second power supply line being electrically connected to an end of the first power supply line remote from the first radiating element; and a conductive transmission line extending from an end of the first power feeding course remote from the first radiating element and an end of the second power feeding course remote from the second radiating element.

The transmission line may extend perpendicularly with respect to the first side in a direction from the first side toward the first tip from an end of the first power feeding line away from the first radiating element and an end of the second power feeding line away from the second radiating element, the first radiating element and the second radiating element may be line-symmetrical with each other about a center line of the transmission line, and the first power feeding line and the second power feeding line may be line-symmetrical with each other about the center line of the transmission line.

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that: in the embodiments described below, various limitations that are technically preferable for carrying out the present invention are added, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and the illustrated examples.

< < < first embodiment > >)

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an antenna 1.

The antenna 1 is used for transmission or reception or both transmission and reception of electric waves in a microwave or millimeter wave band.

The antenna 1 is a microstrip antenna. The antenna 1 includes: a dielectric layer 10, a conductor pattern layer 20 formed on one main surface of the dielectric layer 10, and a ground conductor layer 30 formed on the other main surface of the dielectric layer 10. Here, the main surface of the layer means: a surface on the surface side of the layer and a surface on the opposite side of the surface. Further, a protective dielectric layer may be formed on one main surface of the dielectric layer 10 so as to cover the conductor pattern layer 20, or the protective dielectric layer may be further formed to cover the ground conductor layer 30 or another form.

The dielectric layer 10 is made of a resin (e.g., liquid crystal polymer, polyimide), a fiber-reinforced resin (e.g., glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin, glass cloth-based polyphenylene ether resin), a fluororesin, or a ceramic. The dielectric layer 10 may be a single layer or a stacked layer. The dielectric layer 10 may be flexible or rigid.

The conductor pattern layer 20 and the ground conductor layer 30 are made of a conductive metal material such as copper.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the conductor-pattern layer 20. Fig. 2 shows X, Y, and Z axes orthogonal to each other as auxiliary lines or marks indicating directions. The Z axis is parallel to the thickness direction of the dielectric layer 10 and perpendicular to the radiation surface of the antenna 1 (one main surface of the dielectric layer 10 on which the conductor pattern layer 20 is formed).

The conductor pattern layer 20 is subjected to shape processing (patterning) by, for example, a subtractive method or an additive method. Thus, the first feed line 22, the second feed line 23, the transmission line 24, the first radiation element 25, and the second radiation element 26 are formed on the conductor pattern layer 20.

The first radiation element 25 is formed as a pentagon symmetrical with respect to a symmetry line 25u passing through a vertex 25j and parallel to the Y-axis. The line of symmetry 25u is also a perpendicular line drawn from the vertex 25j to the opposite side 25 a. Hereinafter, the vertex 25j is also referred to as a first vertex 25j, and the side 25a facing the first vertex 25j is also referred to as a first side 25 a.

Each side 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d, 25e of the first radiating element 25 is a straight line. First side 25a opposite first vertex 25j is parallel to the X axis, sides 25b, 25c extending from both ends of first side 25a are parallel to the Y axis, and the lengths of sides 25b, 25c are equal to each other. Since the sides 25b and 25c are parallel to each other, the width W1 in the X axis direction of the region 25s sandwiched by the sides 25b and 25c in the first radiation element 25 is uniform from the vertices 25f and 25g to the vertices 25h and 25 i. Hereinafter, this region 25s is referred to as a first uniform width portion 25 s.

The apexes 25f and 25g at both ends of the first side 25a have a right angle. Regarding the side 25b, the inner angle at the vertex 25h on the opposite side of the vertex 25f is an obtuse angle, regarding the side 25c, the inner angle at the vertex 25i on the opposite side of the vertex 25g is an obtuse angle, and the inner angle at the vertex 25h and the inner angle at the vertex 25i are equal to each other. The length of the side 25d extending from the vertex 25h to the first vertex 25j and the length of the side 25e extending from the vertex 25i to the first vertex 25j are equal to each other.

The sides 25d, 25e are inclined with respect to the first side 25a so as to approach each other toward the first vertex 25 j. Therefore, the width W2 in the X axis direction of the region 25t sandwiched by the sides 25d and 25e of the first radiation element 25 gradually decreases from the first side 25a toward the first vertex 25j, and the maximum width of the region 25t is equal to the width W1 of the first uniform width portion 25 s. Hereinafter, this region 25t is referred to as a first uneven width portion 25 t.

The internal angle at the first vertex 25j is acute. However, the internal angle at the first vertex 25j may be a right angle or an obtuse angle.

The first and second radiating elements 25 and 26 are juxtaposed in the X-axis direction. The shape of the second radiating element 26 is symmetrical to the shape of the first radiating element 25 about a line of symmetry 27, which line of symmetry 27 is parallel to the line of symmetry 25u and is located between the first radiating element 25 and the second radiating element 26, so that the shape of the second radiating element 26 coincides with the shape of the first radiating element 25. Thus, the second radiating element 26 is formed as a pentagon symmetrical about a line of symmetry 26u, which line of symmetry 26u passes through the vertex 26j and is parallel to the Y-axis. The line of symmetry 26u is also a perpendicular line drawn from the vertex 26j to the side 26a opposite the vertex 26 j. Hereinafter, the vertex 26j is also referred to as a second vertex 26j, and the side 26a opposing the second vertex 26j is also referred to as a second side 26 a.

The second side 26a is parallel to the X axis, and the second side 26a and the first side 25a are arranged on a straight line. Sides 26b, 26c extending from both ends of the second side 26a, respectively, are parallel to the Y axis, and the lengths of the sides 26b, 26c are equal to each other. Since the sides 26b, 26c are parallel to each other, the width W3 in the X axis direction of the region 26s sandwiched by the sides 26b, 26c in the second radiation element 26 is uniform from the vertices 26f, 26g to the vertices 26h, 26 i. Hereinafter, this region 26s is referred to as a second uniform width portion 26 s.

The apexes 26f, 26g at both ends of the second side 26a have a right angle of internal angle. Regarding the side 26b, the inner angle at the vertex 26h on the opposite side of the vertex 26f is an obtuse angle, regarding the side 26c, the inner angle at the vertex 26i on the opposite side of the vertex 26g is an obtuse angle, and the inner angle at the vertex 26h and the inner angle at the vertex 26i are equal to each other. The length of the side 26d extending from the vertex 26h to the second vertex 26j is equal to the length of the side 26e extending from the vertex 26i to the second vertex 26 j.

The sides 26d, 26e are inclined with respect to the second side 26a so as to approach each other toward the second vertex 26 j. Therefore, the width W4 in the X axis direction of the region 26t sandwiched by the sides 26d and 26e of the second radiation element 26 gradually decreases from the second side 26a toward the second vertex 26j, and the maximum width of the region 26t is equal to the width W3 of the second uniform width portion 26 s. Hereinafter, this region 26t is referred to as a second uneven width portion 26 t.

The interior angle at the second vertex 26j is acute. However, the internal angle at the second vertex 26j may be a right angle or an obtuse angle.

The sides 25b, 26c of the adjacent first and second radiating elements 25, 26 are parallel to each other, and the spacing D1 between these sides 25b, 26c is uniform from the vertices 25f, 26g to the vertices 25h, 26 i. Further, since the widths W2, W4 of the non-uniform width portions 25t, 26t of the radiation elements 25, 26 in the X axis direction gradually decrease from the sides 25a, 26a toward the vertexes 25j, 26j, the interval D2 between the side 25D of the adjacent first radiation element 25 and the side 26e of the second radiation element 26 gradually increases from the first side 25a toward the first vertex 25 j.

A base end portion of the L-shaped first feed line 22 is electrically connected to a first vertex 25j of the first radiation element 25. The first feed line 22 extends linearly in the negative Y-axis direction from the first vertex 25j of the first radiation element 25, is bent 90 ° forward, and extends linearly in the positive X-axis direction, and the end of the first feed line 22 that is far from the first radiation element 25 is electrically connected to one end 24b of the transmission line 24. That is, the first feed line 22 includes a first feed line portion 22a and a second feed line portion 22b, the first feed line portion 22a linearly extends in the Y-axis negative direction from the first vertex 25j of the first radiation element 25, and the second feed line portion 22a linearly extends in the X-axis positive direction from the end portion of the first feed line portion 22a distant from the first radiation element 25 toward the one end portion 24b of the transmission line 24.

A base end portion of the L-shaped second feed line 23 is electrically connected to a second vertex 26j of the second radiation element 26. The second feed line 23 extends linearly in the Y-axis negative direction from the second vertex 26j of the second radiation element 26, is bent 90 ° forward, and extends linearly in the X-axis negative direction, and the end of the second feed line 23 that is distant from the first radiation element 25 is electrically connected to the one end 24b of the transmission line 24. That is, the second feed line portion 23 includes a third feed line portion 23a and a fourth feed line portion 23b, the third feed line portion 23a linearly extends in the Y-axis negative direction from the second vertex 26j of the second radiation element 26, and the fourth feed line portion 23b linearly extends in the X-axis negative direction from the end portion of the third feed line portion 23a distant from the second radiation element 26 toward the one end portion 24b of the transmission line 24.

The physical length of the first power supply wire 22 and the physical length of the second power supply wire 23 are equal to each other. The physical length of the first power feeding wire part 22a of the first power feeding wire 22 and the physical length of the third power feeding wire part 23a of the second power feeding wire 23 are equal to each other, and the physical length of the second power feeding wire part 22b of the first power feeding wire 22 and the physical length of the fourth power feeding wire part 23b of the second power feeding wire 23 are equal to each other.

The shape of the second power supply wire 23 is symmetrical to the shape of the first power supply wire 22 about the line of symmetry 27.

The transmission line 24 extends linearly in the negative Y-axis direction from the ends of the power supply lines 22 and 23 remote from the radiating elements 25 and 26. The centre line of the transmission line 24 coincides with the line of symmetry 27. The other end 24a of the transmission line 24 is a power supply point. That is, the end 24a of the transmission line 24 is connected to a terminal of an RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), not shown. The RFIC is a transmitter, a receiver, or a transceiver. The transmission line 24 may also function as a converter for matching the impedance of the terminal of the RFIC with the impedance of the power supply lines 22 and 23.

Since the radiation elements 25 and 26 having the above shapes are juxtaposed, the range of the radiation direction angle at which radio waves can be transmitted and received strongly by the antenna 1 is wide.

As shown in fig. 3, notches 25k and 25k cut parallel to the first feed line portion 22a may be formed in the first apex 25j of the first radiation element 25 and on both sides of the first feed line portion 22a from the first apex 25j toward the inside of the first radiation element 25. Therefore, the first power feeding wire portion 22a extends from the first vertex 25j of the first radiation element 25 toward the inside of the first radiation element 25, and is electrically connected to the first radiation element 25 via the extension portion 22 c. Due to the formation of such notches 25k, impedance matching of the first power supply line 22 and the first radiation element 25 is achieved. Similarly, notches 26k and 26k cut parallel to the third feed line portion 23a may be formed from the second vertex 26j toward the inside of the second radiation element 26 at the second vertex 26j of the second radiation element 26 and on both sides of the third feed line portion 23a, and the third feed line portion 23a may extend from the second vertex 26j of the second radiation element 26 toward the inside of the second radiation element 26 and be electrically connected to the second radiation element 26 via the extension portion 23 c. The lengths of the extensions 22c, 23c are equal to each other.

< < second embodiment > >)

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the conductor pattern layer 20 of the antenna of the second embodiment. Hereinafter, differences between the antenna of the second embodiment and the antenna of the modification (see fig. 3) of the first embodiment will be described. Note that the same reference numerals are given to corresponding portions between the antenna of the second embodiment and the antenna of the modified example of the first embodiment.

In the modification of the first embodiment, the sides 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d, and 25e of the first radiation element 25 are all straight lines. In contrast, in the second embodiment, the sides 25d and 25e of the first uneven width portion 25t of the first radiating element 25 are formed in a curved shape protruding outward. Similarly, the sides 26d and 26e of the second non-uniform width portion 26t of the second radiating element 26 are formed in a curved shape protruding outward. Even if the sides 25d, 25e are curved, the width W2 in the X axis direction of the first uneven width portion 25t gradually decreases from the first side 25a toward the first vertex 25j, and even if the sides 26d, 26e are curved, the width W4 in the X axis direction of the second uneven width portion 26t gradually decreases from the second side 26a toward the second vertex 26 j. In addition to the above, the antenna of the second embodiment and the antenna 1 of the modification of the first embodiment are provided in the same manner in their corresponding portions.

Since the radiation elements 25 and 26 having the above shapes are juxtaposed, the range of the radiation direction angle at which radio waves can be transmitted and received strongly by the antenna of the second embodiment is wide.

< < third embodiment > >)

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the conductor pattern layer 20 of the antenna of the third embodiment. The following describes differences between the antenna of the third embodiment and the antenna of the modification (see fig. 3) of the first embodiment.

In the modification of the first embodiment, the first radiation element 25 and the second radiation element 26 are formed in a pentagon shape. In contrast, in the third embodiment, the first radiation element 125 and the second radiation element 126 are formed in a semicircular shape or a semi-elliptical shape, or a shape similar to a semicircular shape or a semi-elliptical shape. Hereinafter, the shapes of the first and second radiation elements 125 and 126 will be described in detail.

The first radiating element 125 has a first top 125j and a first side 125a opposite the first top 125 j. A perpendicular line drawn from the first top 125j to the first side 125a is a symmetry line 125u, and the first radiating element 125 is formed in a semicircular or semi-elliptical shape symmetrical with respect to the symmetry line 125u, or a shape similar to a semicircular or semi-elliptical shape. The first side 125a is formed in a straight line parallel to the X axis.

Side 125d extends and curves from one end 125f of first side 125a to first top 125j, and side 125e extends and curves from the other end 125g of side 125a to first top 125 j. The sides 125d and 125e are formed in a curved line shape protruding outward. Therefore, the first radiation element 125 is constituted only by the first non-uniform width portion 125t, and the width W2 in the X-axis direction of the first non-uniform width portion 125t is gradually reduced from the first side 125a toward the first top 125 j.

The first and second radiating elements 125 and 126 are juxtaposed in the X-axis direction. The shape of the second radiating element 126 is symmetrical to the shape of the first radiating element 125 about a symmetry line 127, the symmetry line 127 being parallel to the symmetry line 125u and being located between the first radiating element 125 and the second radiating element 126, so that the shape of the second radiating element 126 coincides with the shape of the first radiating element 125. Thus, the second radiating element 126 is symmetrically shaped about a line of symmetry 126u, which line of symmetry 126u passes through the top 126j and is parallel to the Y-axis. The line of symmetry 126u is also a perpendicular drawn from the second top 126j to the second side 126a opposite the second top 126 j.

A side 126d extending from one end 126f of the second side 126a to the second top portion 126j is formed in a curved line shape convex outward. A side 126e extending from the other end 126g of the second side 126a to the second top 126j is formed in a curved line shape convex outward. Therefore, the second radiation element 126 is constituted only by the second non-uniform width portion 126t, and the width W4 in the X-axis direction of the second non-uniform width portion 126t is gradually reduced from the second side 126a toward the second top portion 126 j. The spacing D2 between the edge 125D of the adjacent first radiating element 125 and the edge 126e of the second radiating element 126 gradually increases from the first edge 125a toward the first top 125 j.

The base end of the L-shaped first feeder line 22 is electrically connected to the first tip 125j of the first radiation element 125, and the base end of the L-shaped second feeder line 23 is electrically connected to the second tip 126j of the second radiation element 126. The shapes of the first feed line 22, the second feed line 23, and the transmission line 24 are the same as those of the modification of the first embodiment, and therefore, detailed description thereof is omitted.

Notches 125k and 125k cut in parallel with the first power supply line portion 22a are formed from the first apex portion 125j toward the inside of the first radiation element at the first apex portion 125j of the first radiation element 125 and on both sides of the first power supply line portion 22a of the first power supply line 22. Similarly, notches 126k and 126k cut parallel to the third power feeding wire portion 23a are also formed on both sides of the third power feeding wire portion 23a of the second power feeding wire 23.

Since the radiation elements 125 and 126 having the above-described shapes are arranged in parallel, the range of the radiation direction angle at which radio waves can be transmitted and received strongly by the antenna of the third embodiment is wide.

< < comparative example > >)

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the conductor pattern layer 220 of the antenna of the comparative example. As shown in fig. 6, in the comparative example, the shape of the radiation elements 225, 226 juxtaposed in the X-axis direction is rectangular. The first radiating element 225 has mutually parallel sides 225a, 225j parallel to the X axis, the other mutually parallel sides 225b, 225c parallel to the Y axis, and the first radiating element 225 has a uniform width W5 in the X axis direction. The parallel sides 226a, 226j of the second radiating element 226 are parallel to the X-axis, the other parallel sides 226b, 226c are parallel to the Y-axis, and the width W6 of the second radiating element 226 in the X-axis direction is uniform. Further, the spacing D5 between the first and second radiating elements 225, 226 is uniform.

The radiation range of the antennas of the first to third embodiments is wider than that of the antenna of the comparative example. It is verified by simulation that the radiation ranges of the antennas of the first to third embodiments are wide and the radiation range of the antenna of the comparative example is narrow.

< < verification > >)

Fig. 7 is a graph showing a simulation result of the relationship between the reflection coefficient and the frequency of the antenna 1 according to the modification of the first embodiment. As shown in fig. 7, the antenna according to the modification of the first embodiment has the following frequency characteristics: the reflection coefficient S11 of the S parameter is minimal at a frequency of 28 GHz.

Fig. 8 is a graph showing a simulation result of the directivity of a radio wave of 28 GHz radiated from the antenna according to the modification of the first embodiment. The horizontal axis represents an angle with respect to the Z axis on the YZ plane as a reference, and the vertical axis represents a gain. As shown in FIG. 8, the radiation directivity angle at which the maximum gain of 7.14[ dBi ] is obtained is-30 [ degrees ], and the radiation directivity angle at which the gain within-3.00 [ dBi ] is obtained is in the range of-49.15 to +71.54[ degrees ].

Fig. 9 is a graph showing a simulation result of the relationship between the reflection coefficient and the frequency of the antenna according to the second embodiment. As shown in fig. 9, the antenna of the second embodiment has the following frequency characteristics: the reflection coefficient S11 of the S parameter is minimal when the frequency is around 28 GHz.

Fig. 10 is a graph showing simulation results of the directivity of the radio wave of 28 GHz radiated from the antenna of the second embodiment. The horizontal axis represents an angle with respect to the Z axis on the YZ plane as a reference, and the vertical axis represents a gain. As shown in FIG. 10, the radiation directivity angle at which the maximum gain of 6.92[ dBi ] is obtained is 8[ degrees ], and the radiation directivity angle at which the gain within-3.00 [ dBi ] of the maximum gain is obtained ranges from-45.12 to +68.47[ degrees ].

Fig. 11 is a graph showing a simulation result of the relationship between the reflection coefficient and the frequency of the antenna according to the third embodiment. As shown in fig. 11, the antenna of the third embodiment has the following frequency characteristics: the reflection coefficient S11 of the S parameter is minimal when the frequency is around 28 GHz.

Fig. 12 is a graph showing simulation results of the directivity of the radio wave of 28 GHz radiated by the antenna of the third embodiment. The horizontal axis represents an angle with respect to the Z axis on the YZ plane as a reference, and the vertical axis represents a gain. As shown in FIG. 11, the radiation directivity angle at which the maximum gain of 7.55[ dBi ] is obtained is 2[ degrees ], and the radiation directivity angle at which the gain within-3.00 [ dBi ] is obtained is in the range of-45.38 to +65.45[ degrees ].

Fig. 13 is a graph showing a simulation result of the relationship between the reflection coefficient and the frequency of the antenna of the comparative example. As shown in fig. 13, the antenna of the comparative example has the following frequency characteristics: the reflection coefficient S11 of the S parameter is minimal when the frequency is around 28 GHz.

Fig. 14 is a graph showing a simulation result of the directivity of a radio wave of 28 GHz radiated from the antenna of the comparative example. The horizontal axis represents an angle with respect to the Z axis on the YZ plane as a reference, and the vertical axis represents a gain. As shown in FIG. 14, the radiation directivity angle at which the maximum gain of 8.34[ dBi ] is obtained is 2[ degrees ], and the radiation directivity angle at which the gain within-3.00 [ dBi ] of the maximum gain is obtained ranges from-43.22 to +53.66[ degrees ].

From the above simulation results, it is clear that the range of the radiation direction angle of the antenna 1 according to the modification of the first embodiment is the widest. It is also understood that the range width of the radiation direction angle of the antenna according to the second embodiment is the second. It is also understood that the range width of the radiation direction angle of the antenna according to the third embodiment is the third. It is also understood that the range of the radiation direction angle of the antenna of the comparative example is the narrowest.

Description of the reference numerals

1-aerial

10-dielectric layer

22-first supply line

23-second supply line

24-transmission line

25-first radiating element

25 a-edge

25 j-vertex

25 s-first uniform width portion

25 t-first non-uniform width portion

26-second radiating element

26 a-edge

26 j-vertex

26 s-second uniform width portion

26 t-second non-uniform width portion

30-ground conductor layer

125-first radiating element

125 a-edge

125 j-top

125 t-first non-uniform width portion

126-second radiating element

126 a-edge

126 j-top

126 t-second non-uniform width portion.