阅读说明：本技术 一种铝基碳纤维金属层板构件及其成形制备方法 (Aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member and forming preparation method thereof ) 是由 杨卓云 王泽飞 朱良金 董国疆 赵长财 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种铝基碳纤维金属层板构件,包括外铝基板件、碳纤维层和内铝基板件,碳纤维层设置在外铝基板件与内铝基板件之间,外铝基板件和内铝基板件分别通过金属连接剂粉末层与碳纤维层冶金结合；铝基碳纤维金属层板构件的成形制备方法：(1)制备锌铝合金；(2)将锌铝合金磨成金属连接剂粉末；(3)用铝合金板材制作外铝基板件和内铝基板件；(4)对碳纤维层、外铝基板件的内表面和内铝基板件的外表面进行处理；(5)在外铝基板件与碳纤维层之间、内铝基板件与碳纤维层之间分别铺设金属连接剂粉末层；(6)采用复合压制模具用固体颗粒介质成形技术压制制件。本发明提高了铝基碳纤维金属层板构件的成形质量。(The invention discloses an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member which comprises an outer aluminum-based plate, a carbon fiber layer and an inner aluminum-based plate, wherein the carbon fiber layer is arranged between the outer aluminum-based plate and the inner aluminum-based plate, and the outer aluminum-based plate and the inner aluminum-based plate are metallurgically bonded with the carbon fiber layer through metal connecting agent powder layers respectively; the forming preparation method of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a zinc-aluminum alloy; (2) grinding the zinc-aluminum alloy into metal connecting agent powder; (3) manufacturing an outer aluminum base plate and an inner aluminum base plate by using an aluminum alloy plate; (4) treating the carbon fiber layer, the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate and the outer surface of the inner aluminum base plate; (5) respectively paving metal connecting agent powder layers between the outer aluminum base plate and the carbon fiber layer and between the inner aluminum base plate and the carbon fiber layer; (6) the product is pressed by adopting a composite pressing mould and a solid particle medium forming technology. The invention improves the forming quality of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member.)

1. An aluminium base carbon fiber metal laminate component which characterized in that: including outer aluminium base plate, carbon fiber layer and interior aluminium base plate, the carbon fiber layer sets up outer aluminium base plate with between the interior aluminium base plate, outer aluminium base plate with interior aluminium base plate respectively through metal connecting agent powder layer with carbon fiber layer metallurgical bonding.

2. A method of forming a carbon fiber metal laminate sheet member based on aluminum of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(1) pure zinc and pure aluminum are placed in a magnetic suspension smelting furnace for smelting according to the mass ratio of 23:2 to prepare zinc-aluminum alloy;

(2) crushing the zinc-aluminum alloy, then placing the zinc-aluminum alloy into a ball mill, and grinding the zinc-aluminum alloy into fine powder, wherein the fine powder is used as metal connecting agent powder;

(3) manufacturing an outer aluminum base plate and an inner aluminum base plate by using an aluminum alloy plate, wherein the outer aluminum base plate and the inner aluminum base plate are both the same as the prepared aluminum base carbon fiber metal layer plate member in shape, and the outer aluminum base plate can be sleeved on the inner aluminum base plate;

(4) carrying out glue removing treatment on the surface of the carbon fiber layer, and treating the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate and the outer surface of the inner aluminum base plate by using a chemical reagent;

(5) uniformly paving a layer of metal connecting agent powder on the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate, paving the carbon fiber layer on the outer aluminum base plate, uniformly paving a layer of metal connecting agent powder on one surface, far away from the outer aluminum base plate, of the carbon fiber layer, and then placing the inner aluminum base plate on the carbon fiber layer, so that the carbon fiber layer is clamped by the outer aluminum base plate and the inner aluminum base plate, and a workpiece to be pressed is obtained;

(6) placing the workpiece in a composite pressing die, heating the composite pressing die to heat the workpiece, keeping the temperature at 380-400 ℃, and enabling the metal connecting agent powder to be in a solid-liquid semi-molten state, then applying pressure to a granular medium through a pressure head of the composite pressing die, and applying pressure to the workpiece through the granular medium, so that the metal connecting agent powder in the solid-liquid semi-molten state flows and infiltrates the carbon fiber layer; and (3) maintaining the temperature and the pressure for 3-5 minutes, slowly cooling to solidify the metal connecting agent powder in a solid-liquid semi-molten state, completing infiltration of the carbon fiber layer, enabling the outer aluminum base plate and the inner aluminum base plate to be metallurgically bonded with the carbon fiber layer respectively, and taking out the workpiece after natural cooling to obtain the pressed aluminum base carbon fiber metal laminate member.

3. The method for forming a carbon fiber metal laminate sheet member based on aluminum according to claim 2, wherein: in the step (2), the zinc-aluminum alloy is crushed into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 8mm, and the particle size of the metal connecting agent powder is less than or equal to 0.2 mm.

4. The method for forming and manufacturing the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member as claimed in claim 2, wherein the degumming process comprises the steps of:

(1) putting the carbon fiber layer into an argon protection heat treatment furnace, raising the temperature to 500 ℃, preserving the heat for one hour, and then cooling along with the furnace;

(2) and (3) soaking the carbon fiber layer subjected to heat treatment in acetone for one hour to completely dissolve residual organic glue on the surface, and then airing to achieve a dry state.

5. The method for forming a carbon fiber metal laminate sheet member based on aluminum according to claim 2, wherein: in the step (4), the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate and the outer surface of the inner aluminum base plate are wiped and degreased by using an alcohol solution, and then the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate and the outer surface of the inner aluminum base plate are subjected to acid cleaning by using a mixed solution of 10% phosphoric acid, 10% sulfuric acid and 10% nitric acid in percentage by mass, so that the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate and the outer surface of the inner aluminum base plate meet the requirement of interface bonding.

6. The method for forming a carbon fiber metal laminate sheet member based on aluminum according to claim 2, wherein: the zinc-aluminum alloy is Zn-8Al alloy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fiber plate preparation, in particular to an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member and a forming preparation method thereof.

Background

The fiber metal laminate is a sandwich material which is formed by sequentially paving and adhering a metal sheet, a connecting agent and a fiber material and then curing the metal sheet, the connecting agent and the fiber material under the conditions of specific temperature and pressure. The material can integrate the performances of metal and fiber, has strong designability, and can meet the requirement of light weight in both material composition and structural form. The metal is used as a base material, and light alloys with wide application such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy can be selected; the fiber is used as a reinforcing material, and mainly comprises four types of aramid fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and graphite fiber, wherein the carbon fiber is the fiber reinforcing material which is most widely applied at present and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction, corrosion resistance and the like. The connecting agent mainly comprises a resin connecting agent and a metal connecting agent, wherein the resin connecting agent is continuously used in a fiber metal laminate from a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material, and the metal connecting agent is provided for overcoming the defects of poor high-temperature resistance and easy aging of resin. The aluminum alloy is used as a light alloy material with the widest application, has excellent performances of high specific strength, strong corrosion resistance, good electric and thermal conductivity, good impact resistance, recyclability and the like, and can be combined with carbon fibers with higher specific strength to prepare a composite material, so that a structural material with better light weight effect can be obtained from the material design. The sandwich type structural design of the carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy laminate has the characteristic of a thin-wall structure, and the light-weight effect is further enlarged from the structural design. In addition, the fiber has a bridging function at the microcrack port in the metal, and the fatigue resistance and the damage tolerance of the material can be greatly improved. Therefore, various fiber metal laminates are a great research hotspot in the field of composite materials at present, and carbon fiber reinforced aluminum alloy laminates attract the attention of researchers at home and abroad. However, because the development of the preparation process of the material is not complete, the problems of high preparation difficulty, long production period, difficult batch production, low efficiency, high cost and the like exist, the application range is limited at present, the special fields of aerospace and the like are mainly used, and the material is urgently needed to be popularized by improving the preparation process.

At present, for preparing a fiber metal laminate composite member, the existing processes are generally divided into two types: the first method is to respectively form and process metal and fiber, lay the metal and fiber layer by layer after surface treatment, then bond the metal and fiber layer into a fiber metal laminate by using a connection mode, and then solidify the fiber metal laminate by using an autoclave process to obtain a target structural member; the second method is to bond the metal plate and the fiber layer into a fiber metal laminate, and then to process the laminate into the target part by using the traditional plastic forming process (such as stamping forming).

The key point of the first forming process is that the autoclave process is utilized for curing, and the method is mainly suitable for parts with small curvature, large shape and simple structure, such as airplane wings, fuselage skins, hatches and the like; for parts with complex structures and small curvatures, a local area needs higher surface pressure to enable the metal laminate to generate certain plastic deformation, so that perfect combination is formed among layers, but the pressure provided by the autoclave is lower, and the preparation requirements of the parts are difficult to meet; moreover, the autoclave investment cost is high, and the production cost for small components with small batch size is too high. The second forming process is suitable for preparing the components and can exert the advantages of convenience and high efficiency of the traditional stamping process; however, the traditional metal stamping process needs to utilize the plastic deformation of metal materials, and the fibers in the existing fiber metal laminate have almost no plasticity, which brings great problems to the secondary processing of the product; due to the difference of the plasticity of the metal material and the fiber material, the deformation of each layer of the laminate in the stamping process is difficult to coordinate, and the defects of folds, layering, splitting and the like are easily caused; therefore, it is difficult to manufacture a qualified fiber metal laminate member by using a technical scheme of firstly manufacturing a fiber metal laminate and then performing stamping processing.

By applying the traditional die forming method, as the pressing and compounding process is generally axial feeding, a larger pressure difference can be generated between the bottom and the side wall of the formed part, and the side wall is often poor in compounding effect due to insufficient pressure, so that the forming quality of a member is greatly influenced; the application of the autoclave forming method requires a vacuum sealing system to be prepared during each curing, a large amount of expensive auxiliary materials are consumed, the manufacturing cost is improved, in addition, the autoclave process is difficult to provide higher surface pressure for formed parts, is only suitable for curing a connecting agent, is not beneficial to composite pressing, and is particularly suitable for small and medium-sized plate shell components with complex shapes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member and a forming preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and improving the forming quality of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member which comprises an outer aluminum-based plate, a carbon fiber layer and an inner aluminum-based plate, wherein the carbon fiber layer is arranged between the outer aluminum-based plate and the inner aluminum-based plate, and the outer aluminum-based plate and the inner aluminum-based plate are metallurgically bonded with the carbon fiber layer through metal connector powder layers respectively.

The invention also provides a forming preparation method of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member, which comprises the following steps:

(1) pure zinc and pure aluminum are placed in a magnetic suspension smelting furnace for smelting according to the mass ratio of 23:2 to prepare zinc-aluminum alloy;

(2) crushing the zinc-aluminum alloy, then placing the zinc-aluminum alloy into a ball mill, and grinding the zinc-aluminum alloy into fine powder, wherein the fine powder is used as metal connecting agent powder;

(3) manufacturing an outer aluminum base plate and an inner aluminum base plate by using an aluminum alloy plate, wherein the outer aluminum base plate and the inner aluminum base plate are both the same as the prepared aluminum base carbon fiber metal layer plate member in shape, and the outer aluminum base plate can be sleeved on the inner aluminum base plate;

(4) carrying out glue removing treatment on the surface of the carbon fiber layer, and treating the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate and the outer surface of the inner aluminum base plate by using a chemical reagent;

(5) uniformly paving a layer of metal connecting agent powder on the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate, paving the carbon fiber layer on the outer aluminum base plate, uniformly paving a layer of metal connecting agent powder on one surface, far away from the outer aluminum base plate, of the carbon fiber layer, and then placing the inner aluminum base plate on the carbon fiber layer, so that the carbon fiber layer is clamped by the outer aluminum base plate and the inner aluminum base plate, and a workpiece to be pressed is obtained;

(6) placing the workpiece in a composite pressing die, heating the composite pressing die to heat the workpiece, keeping the temperature at 380-400 ℃, and enabling the metal connecting agent powder to be in a solid-liquid semi-molten state, then applying pressure to a granular medium through a pressure head of the composite pressing die, and applying pressure to the workpiece through the granular medium, so that the metal connecting agent powder in the solid-liquid semi-molten state flows and infiltrates the carbon fiber layer; and (3) maintaining the temperature and the pressure for 3-5 minutes, slowly cooling to solidify the metal connecting agent powder in a solid-liquid semi-molten state, completing infiltration of the carbon fiber layer, enabling the outer aluminum base plate and the inner aluminum base plate to be metallurgically bonded with the carbon fiber layer respectively, and taking out the workpiece after natural cooling to obtain the pressed aluminum base carbon fiber metal laminate member.

Preferably, in the step (2), the zinc-aluminum alloy is crushed into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 8mm, and the particle size of the metal connecting agent powder is less than or equal to 0.2 mm.

Preferably, the degumming treatment comprises the following steps:

(1) putting the carbon fiber layer into an argon protection heat treatment furnace, raising the temperature to 500 ℃, preserving the heat for one hour, and then cooling along with the furnace;

(2) and (3) soaking the carbon fiber layer subjected to heat treatment in acetone for one hour to completely dissolve residual organic glue on the surface, and then airing to achieve a dry state.

Preferably, in the step (4), the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate and the outer surface of the inner aluminum base plate are wiped and degreased by using an alcohol solution, and then are subjected to acid cleaning by using a mixed solution of 10% phosphoric acid + 10% sulfuric acid + 10% nitric acid by mass fraction, so that the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate and the outer surface of the inner aluminum base plate meet the requirement of interface bonding.

Preferably, the zinc-aluminum alloy is a Zn-8Al alloy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member and the forming preparation method thereof improve the forming quality of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member. The forming preparation method of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member adopts the process route and method of forming first, laying second and compounding, the metal layer and the fiber layer are respectively formed, and then the compound pressing is carried out, so that the scheme of preparing the fiber metal laminate first and then forming the laminate member is avoided on the process route, the congenital defect that the fiber layer and the metal layer are not coordinated in deformation is avoided, and the defects of fracture, wrinkling, uneven laying and the like of the middle fiber layer in the stretching process are avoided. The solid particle medium forming technology is utilized to provide even high pressure required by composite pressing, so that the preparation quality of the composite laminate member is ensured; the solid particles are utilized to transfer pressure, and the laminated plate member is pressed and compounded, so that the problems of uneven pressure or low pressure in the hot die pressing process and the autoclave process scheme can be effectively solved. The granular medium has good fluidity, and can be used for applying pressure to the laminate member instead of a male die and simultaneously applying uniform pressure to the bottom and the side wall of the member; the granular medium has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance and easy sealing, and can realize large surface pressure in a simple loading mode, so that the high-pressure condition required by the laminate member in the composite pressing link can be conveniently realized; compared with a hot die pressing process and an autoclave process, the scheme can meet the requirements of high pressure and uniformity at the same time, and the effect of composite pressing is obviously improved. By adopting Zn-8Al alloy as the intermediate metal connecting agent, the problems of low interlayer bonding strength, easy interlayer peeling, poor high temperature resistance, easy aging and the like caused by epoxy resin as the connecting agent are avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressed part pressed by a composite pressing die in the forming preparation method of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member according to the invention;

wherein: 100. an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member; 1. an inner ring press; 2. first heat insulation cotton; 3. a punch; 4. an outer ring press; 5. second heat insulation cotton; 6. a first heating rod; 7. a particle sleeve; 8. third heat insulation cotton; 9. a blank holder; 10. forming a female die; 11. a particulate medium; 12. a second heating rod; 13. a composite member; 14. a third heating rod; 15. a fourth heating rod; 16. fourth heat insulation cotton; 17. a base plate; 18. an inner aluminum base plate; 19. a carbon fiber layer; 20. an outer aluminum base plate; 21. a metal connector powder layer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member and a forming preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and improving the forming quality of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3: the embodiment provides an aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member 100 which comprises an outer aluminum-based plate 20, a carbon fiber layer 19 and an inner aluminum-based plate 18, wherein the carbon fiber layer 19 is arranged between the outer aluminum-based plate 20 and the inner aluminum-based plate 18, and the outer aluminum-based plate 20 and the inner aluminum-based plate 18 are metallurgically bonded with the carbon fiber layer 19 through a metal connector powder layer 21 respectively.

The embodiment also provides a forming preparation method of the aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member, and the preparation of the carbon fiber reinforced 5182 aluminum alloy laminate member is taken as an example, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) putting pure zinc and pure aluminum in a mass ratio of 23:2 into a magnetic suspension smelting furnace for smelting to prepare Zn-8Al alloy;

(2) crushing the smelted Zn-8Al alloy until the granularity is less than or equal to 8mm, and then placing the crushed Zn-8Al alloy into a ball mill to mill the crushed Zn-8Al alloy into fine powder with the granularity less than or equal to 0.2 mm;

(3) the outer aluminum base plate 20 and the inner aluminum base plate 18 are made of aluminum alloy plates, the shapes of the outer aluminum base plate 20 and the inner aluminum base plate 18 are the same as those of the prepared aluminum-based carbon fiber metal layer plate member 100, and the sizes of the outer aluminum base plate 20 and the inner aluminum base plate 18 need to meet the requirement that the outer aluminum base plate 20 and the inner aluminum base plate 18 can be nested together;

(4) removing glue from the carbon fiber layer 19: firstly, placing the carbon fiber layer 19 into an argon protection heat treatment furnace, raising the temperature to 500 ℃, preserving the heat for one hour, and then cooling along with the furnace; secondly, soaking the carbon fiber layer 19 subjected to heat treatment in acetone for one hour to completely dissolve residual organic glue on the surface, and then airing to reach a dry state; acid washing of the aluminum part: wiping and removing oil stains on the inner surface of the preformed outer aluminum base plate 20 and the outer surface of the preformed inner aluminum base plate 18 by using an alcohol solution, and then carrying out acid cleaning on the inner surface of the preformed outer aluminum base plate by using a mixed solution of 10% phosphoric acid, 10% sulfuric acid and 10% nitric acid in percentage by mass so as to enable the surface of the aluminum piece to meet the requirement of interface bonding;

(5) uniformly paving a layer of metal connecting agent powder on the inner surface of the outer aluminum base plate 20, paving the carbon fiber layer 19 on the outer aluminum base plate 20, uniformly paving a layer of metal connecting agent powder on one surface, far away from the outer aluminum base plate 20, of the carbon fiber layer 19, and then placing the inner aluminum base plate 18 on the carbon fiber layer 19, so that the carbon fiber layer 19 is clamped by the outer aluminum base plate 20 and the inner aluminum base plate 18, and a workpiece to be pressed is obtained;

(6) placing the layered article in a composite press mold, as shown in fig. 3; the composite pressing die comprises an inner ring pressing machine 1, first heat insulation cotton 2, a punch 3, an outer ring pressing machine 4, second heat insulation cotton 5, a first heating rod 6, a particle sleeve 7, third heat insulation cotton 8, a blank holder 9, a forming female die 10, a particle medium 11, a second heating rod 12, a composite member 13, a third heating rod 14, a fourth heating rod 15, fourth heat insulation cotton 16 and a backing plate 17, and is the existing equipment, and specific structures of the composite pressing die are not described again;

then, putting a particle medium 11 into the pressing head, pressing the outer ring of the pressing machine on the particle sleeve 7 and the blank holder 9, and pressing the inner ring of the pressing machine on the pressing head; heating the mold to raise the temperature of the workpiece to 385 ℃ so that the connecting agent is in a solid-liquid semi-molten state; applying pressure of 10-15 MPa to the granular medium 11 through a pressure head, and keeping the temperature and the pressure for 3-5 minutes to ensure that the semisolid connecting agent fully infiltrates the carbon fibers; then, the temperature is increased to 415 ℃, the pressure of 30-40 Mpa is applied to the granular medium 11 through a pressure head, the temperature and the pressure are kept for 3-5 minutes, the infiltration effect is further strengthened, and the connecting agent and the aluminum plate are metallurgically bonded; and naturally cooling, and taking out the workpiece to obtain the pressed and compounded aluminum-based carbon fiber metal laminate member 100.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.