阅读说明：本技术 一种繁星釉的制造方法 (Method for producing star glaze ) 是由 黄梦迪 韩晓伟 于 2021-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种繁星釉,按质量份计,底釉原料包括：长石38-45份、石英15-22份、方解石15-23份、苏州土5-8份、钛白粉1-4份、熔块6-10份、氧化锌1-3份、硅酸锆10-16份；面釉原料包括：长石39-44份、熔块36-45份、苏州土5-8份、白云石3-6份、方解石3-5份、SP301 3-5份、SP303 4-7份。本发明还提出上述繁星釉的制备方法,步骤为：(1)制备底釉釉浆和面釉釉浆；(2)施釉；(3)坯体烧成。在上述成分和原料以及制备方法的情况下,能够制成繁星釉,满足人们对釉色彩的进一步需求,该繁星釉未检出铅和镉的溶出量,可用作品茗茶具和日用餐具装饰十分安全,保证人们的身体健康。(The invention discloses star glaze which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 38-45 parts of feldspar, 15-22 parts of quartz, 15-23 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of Suzhou soil, 1-4 parts of titanium dioxide, 6-10 parts of frit, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide and 10-16 parts of zirconium silicate; the overglaze comprises the following raw materials: 39-44 parts of feldspar, 36-45 parts of clinker, 5-8 parts of Suzhou soil, 3-6 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcite, 3-5 parts of SP 3013 and 4-7 parts of SP 3034. The invention also provides a preparation method of the star glaze, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing base glaze slip and surface glaze slip; (2) glazing; (3) and (5) sintering the blank. Under the conditions of the components, the raw materials and the preparation method, the star glaze can be prepared to meet the further requirements of people on glaze color, the star glaze has no detected amount of lead and cadmium, can be used as a tea set and daily tableware for decoration, and is very safe, and the health of people is ensured.)

1. The star glaze is characterized in that the ground glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 38-45 parts of feldspar, 15-22 parts of quartz, 15-23 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of Suzhou soil, 1-4 parts of titanium dioxide, 6-10 parts of frit, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide and 10-16 parts of zirconium silicate;

the overglaze comprises the following raw materials: 39-44 parts of feldspar, 36-45 parts of clinker, 5-8 parts of Suzhou soil, 3-6 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcite, 3-5 parts of SP 3013 and 4-7 parts of SP 3034.

2. The star glaze according to claim 1, wherein the ground glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of feldspar, 18 parts of quartz, 18 parts of calcite, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 8 parts of frit, 2 parts of zinc oxide and 12 parts of zirconium silicate;

the overglaze comprises the following raw materials: 40 parts of feldspar, 40 parts of clinker, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 4 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of calcite, 4 parts of SP3014 parts and 3035 parts of the raw materials.

3. Star glaze according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frit consists of, in weight percent: SiO 2₂60 to 65 percent; al (Al)₂O₃8 to 11 percent; CaO is 3-5%; MgO is 0.4-1.5%; k₂O is 3 to 6 percent; na (Na)₂O is 3 to 7 percent; BaO is 1-3%; b is₂O₃Is 11-15%.

4. The method for producing star glaze according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:

(1) preparation of ground glaze slip and overglaze slip

Preparing a base glaze slip: ball-milling and sieving the ground glaze raw material by a wet method to prepare ground glaze slip, and controlling the ground glazeThe specific gravity of the pulp is 1.46-1.60 g/cm³；

Preparing overglaze slip: carrying out wet ball milling on the overglaze raw material, and sieving to prepare overglaze slip, wherein the specific gravity of the overglaze slip is controlled to be 1.46-1.60 g/cm³；

(2) Glazing

Uniformly applying the ground glaze slip on a ceramic biscuit firing blank to form a ground glaze layer, drying the ground glaze layer, and then applying the overglaze slip on the ground glaze layer to form an overglaze layer to prepare a glazing blank;

(3) firing the blank

And (3) roasting the glazed green body in an oxidizing atmosphere, keeping the highest sintering temperature of 1220-1260 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, and keeping the sintering period of 15-16 hours to obtain the ceramic material.

5. The method for preparing star glaze according to claim 4, wherein the raw materials of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are pre-calcined at 1200-1300 ℃ for 30-60min before step (1).

6. The method for manufacturing star glaze according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the base glaze raw material and the cover glaze raw material are prepared by the following raw materials in weight ratio in a wet ball milling process: ball: water 1: 1.5: 1, ball milling is carried out for 8-10 minutes, the sieving mesh number of the ground glaze slip and the surface glaze slip is 250 meshes, and the sieving residue is 0.08-0.12%.

7. The method for producing star glaze according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the thickness of the ground glaze layer is 1.0 to 1.5mm and the thickness of the overglaze layer is 0.4 to 0.6mm during the glazing.

8. The method for manufacturing star glaze according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the chemical composition of the ceramic bisque-fired body is as follows by weight percentage: SiO 2₂62 to 68 percent of Al₂O₃20-24% of Fe₂O₃0.5-1.1% of CaO, 0.4-1% of CaO, 0.5-1% of MgO and K₂O is 1-2%, Na₂0.5 to 0.8 percent of O, 6 to 9 percent of IL, the firing temperature of the ceramic biscuit body is 1000-1050 ℃, and the water absorption is 12 to 15 percent.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing star glaze.

Background

Glaze is a glass layer fused to a very thin uniform surface of a ceramic article. The hard, glossy and non-water-absorbing surface layer not only improves the service performance of the ceramic, but also greatly improves the decoration of the ceramic through rich color tone change and special glaze effect. However, the existing ceramic patterns can not meet the aesthetic requirements of people, so that more kinds of ceramic patterns with more colors need to be developed continuously.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to meet the continuously improved aesthetic requirements of people on ceramics, a star glaze is provided, the glaze surface of the star glaze is moist and uniform in color, and the star glaze penetrates through dotted white under the background of a black glaze surface, is similar to a night sky dotted starlight and has special artistic impression; and the lead and cadmium elution amount in the product can completely reach the standard of daily tableware. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

the star glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38-45 parts of feldspar, 15-22 parts of quartz, 15-23 parts of calcite, 5-8 parts of Suzhou soil, 1-4 parts of titanium dioxide, 6-10 parts of frit, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide and 10-16 parts of zirconium silicate;

the overglaze comprises the following raw materials: 39-44 parts of feldspar, 36-45 parts of clinker, 5-8 parts of Suzhou soil, 3-6 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcite, 3-5 parts of SP 3013 and 4-7 parts of SP 3034.

Further, the ground glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of feldspar, 18 parts of quartz, 18 parts of calcite, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 8 parts of frit, 2 parts of zinc oxide and 12 parts of zirconium silicate;

the overglaze comprises the following raw materials: 40 parts of feldspar, 40 parts of clinker, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 4 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of calcite, 4 parts of SP3014 parts and 3035 parts of the raw materials.

The prime glaze and the overglaze raw materials both contain frits, common ceramic frits are suitable, and preferably, the frits comprise the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂60 to 65 percent; al (Al)₂O₃8 to 11 percent; CaO is 3-5%; MgO is 0.4-1.5%; k₂O is 3 to 6 percent; na (Na)₂O is 3 to 7 percent; BaO is 1-3%; b is₂O₃Is 11-15%.

Adding proper amount of titanium white (TiO) into the ground coat₂) And zirconium silicate is the key to forming a starlight point on the glaze. If too much titanium dioxide is added, the starlight points of the glaze are easy to yellow, and the contrast is not sharp. If the addition amount of the zirconium silicate is increased, the high-temperature viscosity of the ground coat is increased, the starlight point becomes small or the starlight effect cannot be formed, and if the addition amount of the zirconium silicate is reduced, the viscosity of the ground coat becomes small, and the circular starlight point effect is difficult to form.

In the ground coat B₂O₃The content of the B-containing glaze also has great influence on the formation of starlight point effect, and B in the ground coat₂O₃The increase in the content of (A) reduces the maturing temperature and high temperature viscosity of the ground coat, whichThe effect of starlight points is hardly formed, B in the ground coat₂O₃The content of (3) is reduced, the maturing temperature and high temperature of the ground coat can be increased, and the effect of starlight points can not be formed. Likewise, overglaze B₂O₃The content of the star point is also important, the star point effect can be directly influenced whether the glaze surface can form the star point effect, if the content is too low, the maturation temperature and the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze surface can be increased, the formed star point can be reduced, otherwise, the formed star point can be enlarged and connected into sheets, and the uniformly distributed star point effect can not be achieved.

The above-mentioned content of B is added into the overglaze₂O₃Is the key for forming white starlight points with black background, because the mature temperature and the high-temperature viscosity of the overglaze are far less than those of the ground glaze, the starlight points can be formed, and through a plurality of tests, the effect that the starlight points can be formed only by adding the B with the content is found₂O₃The firing temperature and high-temperature viscosity of the glaze surface can be greatly reduced on the premise of not influencing the background color, and other fusing agents such as ZnO, CaO, BaO and Li are added₂O, etc. cannot control the glaze of the black background, so that the background color becomes brownish yellow. Above glaze B₂O₃Is taken in by the frit.

In order to ensure the stability of color development, SP301 melanin and SP303 melanin are selected instead of metal oxides as coloring agents, so that the coloring materials are not decomposed under the high-temperature condition, and the stability of color development of a glaze surface and the effect of starlight dots is ensured.

The dissolution amount of lead and cadmium in the star glaze can reach the American California standard through detection, so that the star glaze can be used for decorating artistic porcelain and ornamental porcelain and daily porcelain, and more pleasure is added to the daily life of people.

In order to achieve the purpose, the method for manufacturing the star glaze comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of ground glaze slip and overglaze slip

Preparing a base glaze slip: carrying out wet ball milling on the ground glaze raw material, and sieving to prepare ground glaze slurry, wherein the specific gravity of the ground glaze slurry is controlled to be 1.46-1.60 g/cm³；

Preparing overglaze slip: carrying out wet ball milling on the overglaze raw material, and sieving to prepare overglaze slip, wherein the specific gravity of the overglaze slip is controlled to be 1.46-1.60 g/cm³；

(2) Glazing

Uniformly applying the ground glaze slip on a ceramic biscuit firing blank to form a ground glaze layer, drying the ground glaze layer, and then applying the overglaze slip on the ground glaze layer to form an overglaze layer to prepare a glazing blank;

(3) firing the blank

And (3) roasting the glazed blank in an oxidizing atmosphere, and keeping the highest sintering temperature of 1220-1260 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, wherein the sintering period is 15-16 hours.

Further, before the step (1), the raw materials of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are pre-calcined at the temperature of 1200-1300 ℃ for 30-60 min. The zinc oxide is pre-calcined to improve the glazing performance of the glaze slip and reduce the shrinkage defects during firing; the titanium dioxide is pre-calcined to improve the glaze quality of the product and the stability of the glaze material during high-temperature sintering.

Further, in the step (1), when the ground glaze raw material and the surface glaze raw material are subjected to wet ball milling, the raw materials in percentage by weight are as follows: ball: water 1: 1.5: 1, ball milling is carried out for 8-10 minutes, the sieving mesh number of the ground glaze slip and the surface glaze slip is 250 meshes, and the sieving residue is 0.08-0.12%.

If the glaze particles are too coarse, the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze is high, the discharge of gas is hindered, glaze pinholes or bubbles are easy to form, meanwhile, the fluidity of the glaze is poor, pits left when the gas is discharged out of the glaze are difficult to fill, the glaze pinholes are formed, and split-phase crystallization is not facilitated; if the glaze material is too thin, the melting point is reduced, a glaze melt with high viscosity is formed too early, gas generated by the decomposition of the glaze material cannot be discharged smoothly, glaze surface pinholes or bubbles are generated on the product, and the product is easy to stick feet. Therefore, the fineness is controlled to be 0.08-0.12% of the screen residue of the ten-thousand holes, so that the glaze quality can be guaranteed, and the product can be prevented from sticking feet.

The specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.46-1.60 g/cm³If the specific gravity of the glaze slip is increased, the thickness of the glazed glaze layer is not increasedAll, the glaze layer is easy to crack, and the excessive thickness of the glaze layer can cause flowing glaze and glaze shrinkage. If the specific gravity of the glaze slip is reduced, the glazing time needs to be prolonged, and the requirement on the strength of the blank body is higher.

Further, in the step (2), the thickness of the ground glaze layer is 1.0-1.5mm and the thickness of the overglaze layer is 0.4-0.6mm during glazing.

The thickness of the glaze layer has great influence on the effect of the star glaze, if the base glaze is thicker and the overglaze is thinner, the glaze is white and grey, a large number of white spots exist, the effect of the star spots is difficult to form, meanwhile, the glossiness of the glaze is poorer, and the effect of the transparent brightness is almost not achieved.

If both are too thick, the reaction effect is too strong, and complete white dots cannot be formed, and simultaneously the defect of foot sticking is easily generated, most importantly, the thermal stability of the product is influenced, so that the glaze surface is unstable.

If the ground glaze is thin and the surface glaze is thick, the glaze is black gray, little white point or almost no white point appears, the white ground glaze is completely covered by black, a black glaze is formed, meanwhile, the fluidity of the whole glaze is increased, and the maturing temperature is reduced.

If both are thin, the glaze will become a common half-opalescent black and grey glaze, and no starlight effect will be produced at all. Therefore, the thickness of the ground glaze layer is required to be controlled between 1.0mm and 1.5mm, and the thickness of the overglaze layer is required to be controlled between 0.4mm and 0.6 mm.

Further, in the step (2), the ceramic biscuit body comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂62 to 68 percent of Al₂O₃20-24% of Fe₂O₃0.5-1.1% of CaO, 0.4-1% of CaO, 0.5-1% of MgO and K₂O is 1-2%, Na₂0.5 to 0.8 percent of O, 6 to 9 percent of IL, the firing temperature of the ceramic biscuit body is 1000-1050 ℃, and the water absorption is 12 to 15 percent. Within the range, the water absorption rate can reach the strength required by the dish washing machine and meet the use requirement of a microwave oven.

Has the advantages that: according to the invention, stable SP301 cobalt black pigment and SP303 melanin are used as overglaze coloring agents, stable zirconium silicate with relatively stable chemical properties is used as a main opacifier of the base glaze, a reasonable firing system is adopted under an oxidizing atmosphere by utilizing the high-temperature viscosity difference of the base glaze and the overglaze and the high-temperature chemical stability of the base glaze and the overglaze, so that the lower white base glaze and the upper black overglaze are mutually interpenetrated, a large amount of white point objects are displayed on the black glaze after cooling, and a black and white spot glaze is formed, and if the spot glaze is transmitted by twinkling starlight at night, the glaze is soft, elegant and durable, and has high ornamental value; the glaze has high strength and hardness, and the dissolution amount of lead and cadmium in the product is not detected, so that the glaze can be used for decorating tea sets and tableware and is wide in application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph of a star glaze disk of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.

Example 1

The star glaze is prepared from the following raw materials:

base coat raw materials: 40 parts of feldspar, 18 parts of quartz, 18 parts of calcite, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 8 parts of frit, 2 parts of zinc oxide and 12 parts of zirconium silicate;

raw materials of overglaze: 40 parts of feldspar, 40 parts of clinker, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 4 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of calcite, 4 parts of SP3014 parts and 3035 parts of the raw materials. The above parts are all parts by mass.

The chemical composition of the raw material for glaze is shown in the following table 1, and the unit is: % (weight percent).

TABLE 1

The components except for the clinker and Suzhou soil are all selected from 100-150 meshes of powder.

The preparation method of the star glaze comprises the following steps:

firstly, the raw materials of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are pre-calcined to remove organic impurities, wherein the pre-calcination temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, and the time is 30-60 min. Then the star glaze is prepared according to the following steps.

(1) Preparation of ground glaze slip and overglaze slip

Preparing a base glaze slip: the ground glaze raw material, the ball and the water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5: 1 proportion, ball milling for 8 minutes by a ball mill, passing through a 250-mesh sieve, and when the residue is 0.08 percent, the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.46g/cm³；

Preparing overglaze slip: mixing a cover glaze raw material, balls and water according to a weight ratio of 1: 1.5: 1 proportion, ball milling for 8 minutes by a ball mill, passing through a 250-mesh sieve, and when the residue is 0.08 percent, the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.46g/cm³。

(2) Glazing

Uniformly applying the ground glaze slip on a ceramic biscuit blank with the water absorption of 12-15% to form a ground glaze layer with the thickness of 1.0mm, and applying the cover glaze slip on the ground glaze layer after the ground glaze layer is dried to form a cover glaze layer with the thickness of 0.4mm to prepare a glazed blank.

The ceramic biscuit firing blank comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂62 to 68 percent of Al₂O₃20-24% of Fe₂O₃0.5-1.1% of CaO, 0.4-1% of CaO, 0.5-1% of MgO and K₂O is 1-2%, Na₂0.5 to 0.8 percent of O, 6 to 9 percent of IL and 1050 ℃ of the firing temperature of the ceramic biscuit firing blank.

(3) Firing the blank

And (3) roasting the glazed green body in an oxidizing atmosphere, and keeping the temperature at 1220 ℃ for 30 minutes with the sintering period of 15 hours to obtain the ceramic material.

Example 2

The base glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 44 parts of feldspar, 16 parts of quartz, 18 parts of calcite, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 8 parts of frit, 2 parts of zinc oxide and 12 parts of zirconium silicate;

raw materials of overglaze: 42 parts of feldspar, 39 parts of clinker, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 5 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of calcite, 3014 parts of SP and 3035 parts of SP.

The raw materials, the components of the frit, and the precalcination of the raw materials zinc oxide and titanium dioxide were the same as in example 1.

The preparation method of the star glaze comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of ground glaze slip and overglaze slip

Preparing a base glaze slip: preparing a base glaze raw material: ball: water in a weight ratio of 1: 1.5: 1 proportion, ball milling for 10 minutes by a ball mill, passing through a 250-mesh sieve, and when the residue is 0.1 percent, the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.53g/cm³；

Preparing overglaze slip: preparing a cover glaze raw material: ball: water in a weight ratio of 1: 1.5: 1 proportion, ball milling for 10 minutes by a ball mill, passing through a 250-mesh sieve, and when the residue is 0.1 percent, the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.53g/cm³。

(2) Glazing

Uniformly applying the ground glaze slip on a ceramic biscuit blank with the water absorption rate of 12-15% to form a ground glaze layer with the thickness of 1.0mm, and applying the overglaze slip on the ground glaze layer after the ground glaze layer is dried to form an overglaze layer with the thickness of 0.6mm to prepare the glazed blank.

The ceramic biscuit firing blank comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂62 to 68 percent of Al₂O₃20-24% of Fe₂O₃0.5-1.1% of CaO, 0.4-1% of CaO, 0.5-1% of MgO and K₂O is 1-2%, Na₂0.5 to 0.8 percent of O, 6 to 9 percent of IL and 1050 ℃ of the firing temperature of the ceramic biscuit firing blank.

(3) Firing the blank

And (3) roasting the glazed green body in an oxidizing atmosphere, and keeping the temperature at 1240 ℃ for 30 minutes with a sintering period of 16 hours to obtain the ceramic material.

Example 3

The base glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 42 parts of feldspar, 18 parts of quartz, 17 parts of calcite, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 10 parts of frit, 2 parts of zinc oxide and 12 parts of zirconium silicate;

raw materials of overglaze: 43 parts of feldspar, 42 parts of clinker, 6 parts of Suzhou soil, 5 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of calcite, 3014 parts of SP and 3035 parts of SP. The above parts are all parts by mass.

The raw materials, the components of the frit, and the precalcination of the raw materials zinc oxide and titanium dioxide were the same as in example 1.

The preparation method of the star glaze comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of ground glaze slip and overglaze slip

Preparing a base glaze slip: preparing a base glaze raw material: ball: water in a weight ratio of 1: 1.5: 1 proportion, ball milling for 8 minutes by a ball mill, passing through a 250-mesh sieve, and when the residue is 0.12 percent, the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.6g/cm³；

Preparing overglaze slip: preparing a cover glaze raw material: ball: water in a weight ratio of 1: 1.5: 1 proportion, ball milling for 8 minutes by a ball mill, passing through a 250-mesh sieve, and when the residue is 0.12 percent, the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.6g/cm³。

(2) Glazing

Uniformly applying the ground glaze slip on a ceramic biscuit blank with the water absorption rate of 12-15% to form a ground glaze layer with the thickness of 1.0mm, and applying the overglaze slip on the ground glaze layer after the ground glaze layer is dried to form an overglaze layer with the thickness of 0.6mm to prepare the glazed blank.

The ceramic biscuit firing blank comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂62 to 68 percent of Al₂O₃20-24% of Fe₂O₃0.5-1.1% of CaO, 0.4-1% of CaO, 0.5-1% of MgO and K₂O is 1-2%, Na₂0.5 to 0.8 percent of O, 6 to 9 percent of IL and 1050 ℃ of the firing temperature of the ceramic biscuit firing blank.

(3) Firing the blank

And (3) roasting the glazed green body in an oxidizing atmosphere, and keeping the temperature at 1260 ℃ for 30 minutes, wherein the sintering period is 15 hours.

Observing and testing the conventional performance of the ceramic obtained in the embodiment 2, finding that the glaze of the product is moist and uniform in color, and the product is in a point-like white color under the background of a black glaze, looks like a night sky, and has a special artistic impression; the glaze surface has no glaze bubble and pinhole, and the water absorption rate is less than 5 percent; the thermal stability is good, and the glaze layer does not crack after 1-time hydrothermal exchange from a 180 ℃ oven to 20 ℃; the product strength can adapt to strong collision of the automatic dishwasher; lead migration amount of product<0.1mg/dm²(ii) a Transport volume of cadmium<0.01mg/dm²Is safe to human body.

The above-mentioned techniques not specifically mentioned refer to the prior art.

As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.