阅读说明：本技术 一种高分子热塑性材料船舶及其制造方法 (High-molecular thermoplastic material ship and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 刘润强 刘楚佳 李泽轩 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高分子热塑性材料船舶及其制造方法,属于船舶制备技术领域。该船舶是由若干塑料型材构成的模块拼合焊接而成,所述塑料型材模块采用大型塑料挤出机挤出成型,是一种长度方向连续的空腔结构,其内具有条形空腔；所述塑料型材模块截面形状可为规则四边形或不规则四边形等几何形状。本发明采用塑料型材模块焊接制备塑料船舶,是一种模块化成型方式,每组塑料型材都是一组模块,包含塑料船舶部分龙骨、船体外壳、甲板等,这些模块焊接组合成船体,大幅提高焊接效率和焊接质量、外形美观,废料少；具有空腔的塑料型材模块内部便于安装金属扶强材,填充发泡材料,结构强度、整船安全性大幅提高,塑料船舶的生产效率也大幅提高。(The invention discloses a high-molecular thermoplastic material ship and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ship preparation. The ship is formed by splicing and welding modules consisting of a plurality of plastic profiles, wherein the plastic profile modules are extruded and molded by a large plastic extruder, are of a cavity structure with continuous length directions and are internally provided with strip-shaped cavities; the cross section of the plastic section module can be in a regular quadrilateral shape or an irregular quadrilateral shape and other geometric shapes. The plastic ship is prepared by welding the plastic section modules, and is a modular forming mode, each group of plastic sections is a group of modules and comprises a keel, a hull shell, a deck and the like of the plastic ship, and the modules are welded and combined into the hull, so that the welding efficiency and the welding quality are greatly improved, the appearance is attractive, and the waste is less; the plastic section module with the cavity is convenient for mounting metal reinforcing materials and filling foaming materials, so that the structural strength and the whole ship safety are greatly improved, and the production efficiency of the plastic ship is also greatly improved.)

1. A high-molecular thermoplastic material ship is characterized in that: the ship is formed by splicing and welding a plurality of plastic section modules, wherein the plastic section modules are of a long-strip box-type structure and are internally provided with a plurality of strip-shaped cavities.

2. A polymeric thermoplastic ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plastic section module is a long-strip box-type structure with different section shapes, which is obtained by carrying out hot-melt extrusion molding on a plastic raw material with the content of a high-molecular thermoplastic material being more than 70%; the high-molecular thermoplastic material is one of or a blended material of polyethylene pe, polypropylene PP, polyamide pa, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene terpolymer abs, acrylonitrile, styrene and acrylic rubber terpolymer asa and polycarbonate pc (hereinafter referred to as pe, PP, pa, abs, asa and pc).

3. A polymeric thermoplastic ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of strip-shaped cavities in the plastic section module are arranged in parallel along the direction vertical to the section of the section, and two ends of each strip-shaped cavity are closed or opened.

4. A polymeric thermoplastic ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the plastic section module is in a regular quadrangle or irregular quadrangle shape, the outer edge of the plastic section module can be designed into a smooth surface or a concave-convex structure, the cross section area and the shape of the strip-shaped cavity and the distance and the wall thickness between the strip-shaped cavities are designed according to the strength requirement of the built plastic ship, and the requirement of the corresponding plastic ship building regulation is met.

5. A polymeric thermoplastic boat according to claim 4, wherein: the section shape of the plastic section module is designed to meet the requirements of longitudinal and transverse strength of the welded and combined small plastic ship, and metal strengthening materials can be placed in the cavity structure in the plastic section module for strengthening.

6. A polymeric thermoplastic boat according to claim 5, wherein: the metal strengthening material is made of steel or aluminum alloy.

7. A polymeric thermoplastic ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high polymer thermoplastic material ship is a small plastic ship with the length less than 24 m.

8. The method for producing a polymeric thermoplastic ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a plastic section module:

preparing a plastic raw material, wherein the plastic raw material is composed of a high-molecular thermoplastic material, an auxiliary agent and a reinforcing material, and the plastic raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: the high polymer thermoplastic material is one or a blending material of pe, pp, pa, abs, asa and pc, the content is 70-95 wt%, the content of the additive is 5-10 wt% of a conventional plastic processing additive, and the content of the reinforcing material is 0-20 wt% of glass fiber or carbon fiber.

The plastic raw materials are subjected to the technical processes of high-speed mixing and drying, extrusion of an extrusion unit die, cooling and shaping of a vacuum shaping table and the like to extrude plastic section modules with different section shapes and unlimited lengths;

(2) pre-assembling a plastic section module:

cutting the plastic section module into required size, and putting the plastic section module into a slipway for preassembly;

(3) and (3) hot-melting welding and forming:

and carrying out hot-melt welding on the pre-assembled plastic section module to manufacture the small plastic ship.

9. The method for manufacturing a polymeric thermoplastic ship according to claim 8, wherein: in the step (3), the hot-melt welding molding is carried out by adopting heating modes such as gantry numerical control extruder welding, robot extrusion welding, pre-embedded resistance welding, pre-embedded metal mesh electromagnetic induction welding, hot plate butt welding or far infrared under the assistance of hot air and a pressurizing pressure maintaining device.

10. The method for manufacturing a polymeric thermoplastic ship according to claim 8, wherein: the plastic section module is designed into a closed cavity structure, and can be used for placing metal reinforcing materials and filling foaming materials.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ship preparation, in particular to a high-molecular thermoplastic material ship and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The high polymer thermoplastic material can be recycled, and the plastic ship made of the high polymer thermoplastic material can replace small ships made of wood, metal and glass fiber reinforced plastics, and is increasingly emphasized by the industry due to the outstanding advantages of high safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, low maintenance cost and the like.

At present, the plastic ship manufacturing method comprises rotational molding, blow molding, plastic sucking, plastic plate welding forming and 3D printing, wherein rotational molding, blow molding, plastic sucking and 3D printing forming are limited by problems of molds, materials and the like, and the manufactured plastic ship is small in size, poor in performance, low in production efficiency and limited in application range.

The welding forming process of the plastic plates adopted at present comprises the following steps: designing a ship, cutting plates in a numerical control manner, splicing and preassembling, and polishing and welding a keel, an outer plate and a deck; pipelines, pilot buildings, machine installations, and the like.

The ship built by the high polymer thermoplastic material (pe, pp, pa, abs, asa and pc) plastic plates is cut into various shapes of different parts of the ship by a numerical control plate cutting machine and then is formed by hot melting welding in different modes.

In addition, all the structures are formed by welding plastic plates, so that the shapes of the plastic plates are different, the plate waste is large, the welding quantity is large, the welding dead angles are more, the welding quality is difficult to guarantee, and the hidden dangers are more; in addition, the thermal deformation of the high polymer thermoplastic material is large, and the roughness of the welding heated part causes roughness and unattractive appearance of the plastic ship; because there is not regular cavity structure and need adopt the different metal strengthening material of specification, cavity structure does not stand metal strengthening material each other and needs secondary anticorrosive treatment, and the pipeline installation is troublesome, and these all increase the production degree of difficulty, reduced production efficiency, improved construction cost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of more material waste, large welding workload, low quality, low overall strength, unattractive appearance, low production efficiency and the like in the existing plastic ship building process, the invention aims to provide a high-molecular thermoplastic material ship and a manufacturing method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a ship made of high-molecular thermoplastic material is formed by splicing and welding a plurality of plastic section modules, wherein the plastic section modules are of a long-strip box-type structure and are internally provided with a plurality of strip-shaped cavities.

The plastic section module is a structure with different section shapes, which is obtained by hot-melting and extruding a plastic raw material with the content of a high-molecular thermoplastic material being more than 70%; the high polymer thermoplastic material is one of pe, PP, pa, abs, asa and pc or a blending material thereof.

A plurality of strip-shaped cavities in the plastic section module are arranged in parallel along the direction vertical to the section of the section, and two ends of each strip-shaped cavity are closed or opened; the plastic profile module is a modular structure for the plastic ship because of the combination of the parts of keel, shell, deck, etc. of the plastic ship.

The cross section of the plastic section module is in a regular quadrangle or irregular quadrangle and other geometric shapes, the outer edge of the plastic section module can be designed into a smooth surface or a concave-convex structure, and the cross section area and the shape of the strip-shaped cavity, the distance between the strip-shaped cavities and the wall thickness are designed according to the strength requirement of the manufactured ship.

The section shape of the plastic section module is designed to meet the requirements of relevant construction regulations on the longitudinal and transverse strength of the welded and combined small ship and the thickness of an outer plate and a deck, and metal strengthening materials can be placed in the cavity structure in the plastic section module for strengthening. (for example, the section of the section module for building the fishing boat with the length of 15 meters is regular quadrangle, and the section module has the width, the height and the thickness of 600mm 200mm 18mm

The metal strengthening material is made of steel or aluminum alloy.

The high polymer thermoplastic material ship is a small ship with the length less than 24 m.

The manufacturing method of the high polymer thermoplastic material ship comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a plastic section module:

preparing a plastic raw material, wherein the plastic raw material is composed of a high-molecular thermoplastic material, an auxiliary agent and a reinforcing material, and the plastic raw material comprises the following components in parts by weight: the high polymer thermoplastic material is one or a blending material of pe, pp, pa, abs, asa and pc, the content is 70-95 wt.%, and the balance is an auxiliary agent and a reinforcing material; the content of one or more of the additives is 5-10 wt% of conventional functional additives and processing additives, and the content of the reinforcing materials is 0-20 wt% of glass fibers or carbon fibers.

The plastic raw materials are subjected to high-speed mixing and drying, an extrusion unit extrudes the plastic profile modules with different cross-section shapes and unlimited lengths through the technical processes of profile die extrusion, vacuum shaping table cooling shaping and the like; the extruder set comprises a main extruder and an auxiliary extruder, wherein the main extruder extrudes 80-90% of the inner layer of the profile in parts by mass, the auxiliary extruder extrudes 10-20% of the outer layer of the profile in parts by mass, and the outer layer of the profile can adopt materials with different colors and different functions to meet the requirements of customers. Extruding plastic section modules with different section shapes and unlimited lengths by a vacuum shaping table in cooling shaping and other technological processes;

(2) pre-assembling a plastic section module:

cutting the plastic section module into required size, and putting the plastic section module into a slipway for preassembly.

(3) And (3) hot-melting welding and forming:

and carrying out hot melting welding on the pre-assembled plastic section module to manufacture the plastic ship. The hot-melting welding molding adopts heating modes such as gantry numerical control extruder welding, robot extrusion welding, pre-embedded resistance welding, pre-embedded metal mesh electromagnetic induction welding, hot plate butt welding or far infrared and the like, and is carried out under the assistance of a hot air or pressurizing pressure maintaining device. The plastic section module is designed into a continuous cavity structure, so that metal strengthening materials can be placed very conveniently, foaming materials can be filled conveniently, the strength and the reserve buoyancy of the ship are improved, and the safety is greatly improved. The process mainly forms structures such as a keel, an outer plate and a deck of the plastic ship by assembling and welding the plastic section modules.

The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the plastic ship is built on the basis of the plastic section module with the cavity structure, the section shape of the plastic section module is designed according to the strength requirement of the ship, metal strengthening materials are conveniently installed in the plastic section module with the cavity, and the structural strength is greatly improved.

2. The plastic ship is prepared by welding the plastic section modules with the cavities, compared with a plate welding mode, the plastic ship is a modular forming mode, each group of plastic sections is a ship body module, each module comprises a part of ship body keel, a shell, a deck and the like, the modules are welded with one another and are integrally formed, the strength is high, the production efficiency and the construction quality are greatly improved, and the construction cost is greatly reduced.

3. When the strength of the plastic ship needs to be improved, only the metal section with the corresponding shape needs to be placed in the cavity of the plastic section module, and the metal strengthening material does not need special anti-corrosion treatment because the cavity of the plastic section module is an independent closed cavity, so that the cost is low and the efficiency is high.

4. The plastic section module disclosed by the invention is designed into a cavity structure, can be filled with closed-cell foaming materials, and is large in reserve buoyancy, and the safety of ships is greatly improved.

5. The method for building the small plastic ship by adopting the plastic section modules is very suitable for adopting high-efficiency automatic production equipment, thereby greatly reducing waste materials and greatly improving the production efficiency and quality of the plastic ship.

6. Because the composite extrusion process of the main machine and the auxiliary machine is adopted, a co-extrusion layer is arranged outside the section bar module and is also called an outer layer, functional additives such as an ultraviolet-resistant agent, a combustion improver and the like can be added into outer layer raw materials with small total mass in a large proportion without greatly increasing the cost, the plastic ship has large choice of colors, and the ship body has attractive appearance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plastic profile module with a rectangular cross-section, cylindrical cavity.

Fig. 2 is a plastic profile module with a rectangular cross section, square cavity.

Fig. 3 is a plastic profile module with a rectangular cross section, square cavity.

Fig. 4 is a plastic profile module with a rectangular cross section, square cavity.

Fig. 5 is a plastic profile module with a rectangular cross section, square cavity.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the present invention, the following description is given in conjunction with the examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the present invention, features and advantages.

The invention provides a small-sized thermoplastic material ship with the length less than 24m, which is formed by splicing and welding a plurality of plastic section modules with strip-shaped cavities, wherein the plastic section modules are of a long-strip box-type structure with a regular quadrilateral or irregular quadrilateral continuous section in the length direction, a plurality of strip-shaped cavities in the plastic section modules are arranged in parallel along the direction vertical to the section of the section, the section shapes of the strip-shaped cavities can be in geometric shapes such as a regular quadrilateral or an irregular quadrilateral, the section modules adopt a double-machine co-extrusion technology, the outer layer of each section module is a co-extrusion layer with the mass accounting for 10-20 percent, and the section modules can be designed into different colors and functions. As shown in fig. 1-5.

The design of the plastic section module meets the requirements of longitudinal and transverse strength of the welded and combined small ship and the requirements of the plastic ship building specification on the thickness of a hull shell and a deck, for example, a rectangular box type plastic section module with the cross section width, the height and the thickness of 600mm x 200mm x 16mm and 4 vertical ribs is used.

Example 1:

in this embodiment, a fishing boat with a total length of 15m is constructed by using high density polyethylene section modules, and the implementation process is as follows:

1: preparing raw materials: the weighed high-density polyethylene particles and corresponding auxiliary agents are dried and mixed at high speed, raw materials of a main extruder and an auxiliary extruder are respectively prepared, the proportion of a main body in the extruded section of the main extruder is 80-90%, the proportion of a surface layer of the extruded section of the auxiliary extruder is 10-20%, and the raw materials of the auxiliary extruder can be selected from raw materials with different colors and different properties, such as fuel barrier materials, high-ultraviolet-resistant materials and the like which have special properties. The main extruder in the case adopts PE100 grade pipe material and 4% carbon black master batch as raw materials; the surface layer adopts PE100 pipe material, 3 percent of blue color master batch and 5 percent of anti-ultraviolet auxiliary agent. The shape color of the section bar is dark blue, and the interior is black.

2: debugging of forming equipment: extruding out the main machine and the auxiliary machine, starting up the setting machine set for preheating, and regulating the speed.

3: adding the dried and premixed high-density polyethylene granules into an extrusion main machine and an extrusion auxiliary machine respectively through a feeding machine, extruding hot melt materials respectively, and converging the hot melt materials through a co-extrusion die (a die nozzle) to form a section with a surface layer and an inner layer. The sectional dimension of the extruded section module in the case is as follows: 200mm (height) 600mm (width) 18mm (thickness), built-in 4 15mm vertical bars, two middle intervals of 50mm, other two symmetric distributions are the cuboid of a cavity structure, and the length of the section bar module is decided as required.

4: and (3) immediately cooling and shaping the high-temperature section bar coming out of the co-extrusion die in a vacuum shaping cooling unit, and subsequently adding anti-slip treatment and cutting to length according to the requirement.

5: the blue section module is placed into a specially designed slipway for preassembly, and the slipway is provided with a hot air system, a plastic welding system and a clamping device.

6: the processes of hot melting welding, clamping and pressure maintaining and cooling and shaping are applied among the pre-installed plastic section modules, so that the ship body with the plastic ship keel, the shell and the deck is formed, other ship body structures are built on the basis, and the workload and the difficulty are greatly reduced.

7: because the section modules are continuously extruded, the longitudinal cavities are continuous, metal sections with corresponding shapes can be placed in the cavities for strengthening so as to increase the integral strength of the plastic ship, two I-shaped steels are placed in the cavities with the middle parts of 50mm of the two groups of section modules, and closed-cell foaming materials are filled in the other cavities.

8: because the hull is of a double-layer structure, the hull shell and the deck are integrally formed, subsequent welding operations do not contact the hull shell, the thermal deformation of the hull shell does not exist, and the appearance is attractive.

9. The cavity structure of the section module is very convenient for mounting various pipelines, and the production efficiency is improved.

10. And other parts of the plastic ship can be built and installed, and the other parts of the plastic ship can be built by adopting the section modules completely or partially. Such as a fore cabin, a stern cabin, a cockpit, etc.; laying pipelines, installing illumination, conducting detection, safety lifesaving equipment, a power system, deck machinery and the like; and (6) debugging. Checking and accepting: and checking and accepting the plastic ships item by item according to the standard requirement.