阅读说明：本技术 一种用于密封井口的防喷器 (Blowout preventer for sealing wellhead ) 是由 周生刚 卫振勇 于 2021-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及石油开采技术领域,且公开了一种用于密封井口的防喷器,包括防喷器底座,所述防喷器底座的两端开设有对称的液压缸,所述液压缸的一端连通有一号通道,所述液压缸的另一端连通有二号通道,所述液压缸内活动套接有液压杆,所述防喷器底座的中心开设有贯穿的中心管道。本发明通过设计的定位底座、闸板、自锁闸板,使闸板在闭合后,能在井喷物质的压力冲击下上抬,使闸板的顶部两侧紧贴自锁闸板,并在井喷物质的压力冲击下,定位底座存在向两侧张开的力时,闸板能通过自锁闸板将力传递给防喷器底座,从而使闸板形成自锁,避免闸板受力分离的情况,且使防喷器摆脱手动锁紧与电动锁紧的锁紧方式。(The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, and discloses a blowout preventer for sealing a wellhead, which comprises a blowout preventer base, wherein two ends of the blowout preventer base are provided with symmetrical hydraulic cylinders, one end of each hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a first channel, the other end of each hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a second channel, a hydraulic rod is movably sleeved in each hydraulic cylinder, and the center of the blowout preventer base is provided with a through central pipeline. According to the invention, through the designed positioning base, the flashboard and the self-locking flashboard, after the flashboard is closed, the flashboard can be lifted up under the pressure impact of a blowout material, so that two sides of the top of the flashboard are tightly attached to the self-locking flashboard, and when the positioning base has force opening towards two sides under the pressure impact of the blowout material, the force can be transmitted to the base of the blowout preventer through the self-locking flashboard by the flashboard, so that the flashboard is self-locked, the condition that the flashboard is separated from each other under stress is avoided, and the blowout preventer is free from a locking mode of manual locking and electric locking.)

1. A blowout preventer for sealing a wellhead, comprising a blowout preventer base (1), characterized in that: symmetrical hydraulic cylinders (2) are arranged at two ends of the blowout preventer base (1), one end of each hydraulic cylinder (2) is communicated with a first channel (3), the other end of each hydraulic cylinder (2) is communicated with a second channel (4), a hydraulic rod (5) is movably sleeved in each hydraulic cylinder (2), a through central pipeline (16) is arranged at the center of the blowout preventer base (1), symmetrical containing cavities (6) are arranged in the middle of the blowout preventer base (1), a positioning base (7) is movably sleeved in each containing cavity (6), a movable groove (701) is arranged in the middle of one end of each positioning base (7), a back-falling spring (10) is fixedly connected to the top end of each movable groove (701), a flashboard (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each back-falling spring (10), and a compensation bulge (9) is arranged at one end of the top of each flashboard (8), one end fixedly connected with elastic rubber layer (13) that flashboard (8) are close to central pipeline (16), one of them flashboard (8) are close to the one end middle part of central pipeline (16) and have seted up joint groove (11), the one end fixedly connected with response piece (12) of joint groove (11), another one end middle part fixedly connected with signal block (14) that flashboard (8) are close to central pipeline (16), the one end fixedly connected with compensation rubber layer (15) of signal block (14), compensation groove (161) have been seted up in preventer base (1), reset spring (17) of the top one end fixedly connected with equipartition of compensation groove (161), the top activity joint of compensation groove (161) has auto-lock flashboard (18).

2. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: no. one passageway (3) and No. two passageway (4) all with hydraulic assembly fixed connection, accomodate chamber (6) and central pipeline (16) intercommunication, the one end center and hydraulic stem (5) fixed connection of location base (7).

3. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: the one end joint of flashboard (8) is in location base (7), and flashboard (8) and location base (7) laminating, the one end of location base (7) laminating flashboard (8) is the echelonment.

4. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: the top both ends of compensation arch (9) are the inclined plane, be equipped with even wave line on the one end inclined plane that compensation arch (9) are close to location base (7).

5. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: the central line coincidence of signal piece (14) and response piece (12), the height value of signal piece (14) is the same with the height value size of joint groove (11), the thickness of elasticity glue film (13) is three centimetres, compensation glue film (15) thickness is two centimetres, the sensing distance of signal piece (14) and response piece (12) is one centimetre.

6. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: compensation groove (161) are located the interface top of accomodating chamber (6) and central pipeline (16), the one end that central pipeline (16) were kept away from to the bottom of compensation groove (161) is the inclined plane, the angle of inclination on the inclined plane of compensation groove (161) is the same with the inclined plane angle of inclination size that compensation arch (9) have the wave line, and the inclined plane on compensation groove (161) is equipped with the same wave line, the top one end and reset spring (17) fixed connection of auto-lock flashboard (18), the one end that auto-lock flashboard (18) bottom deviates from central pipeline (16) is equipped with the inclined plane, the angle of inclination on the inclined plane of auto-lock flashboard (18) is the same with the inclined plane angle that is equipped with the wave line on compensation arch (9).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a blowout preventer for sealing a wellhead.

Background

The blowout preventer is a safety sealing device for closing well mouth and preventing blowout accident in the course of oil testing, well repairing and well completion, etc. its working principle is that two flashboards are driven by hydraulic mechanism to move towards centre, and two flashboards are used for closing and sealing or two flashboards are used for pressing central rotary rod and sucker rod to seal.

Current preventer, mostly adopt the closed mode of sealing of hydraulic pressure promotion flashboard, this kind of mode is when the elastic glue layer striking wearing and tearing and hard friction wearing and tearing many times on the flashboard, the forward motion of hydraulic pressure promotion flashboard still remains unchanged at this moment, this will lead to the flashboard closure inefficacy, and current preventer is after the flashboard is closed, adopt the mode of manual locking or motor locking, rotate the screw rod through these two kinds of modes and carry out the rigidity to the hydraulic stem, locking speed is slow, still wasted electric power resource, and this kind of locking mode, also lost corresponding effect after the elastic glue layer wearing and tearing.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing blowout preventer in the background technology in the use process, the invention provides the blowout preventer for sealing a well mouth, which has the advantages that the blowout material provides self-locking force, the gate plate is lifted and self-locked, the elastic glue layer is still closed after being worn, the compensation protrusion extrudes the self-locking gate plate, the self-locking gate plate is always attached to the gate plate, and the self-locking force provided by the blowout material is transmitted to the base of the blowout preventer, so that the technical problems of gate plate closing failure, locking device operation trouble, low locking device speed and power waste caused by the abrasion of the elastic glue layer in the background technology are solved.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: a blowout preventer for sealing a well mouth comprises a blowout preventer base, wherein two ends of the blowout preventer base are provided with symmetrical hydraulic cylinders, one end of each hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a first channel, the other end of each hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a second channel, a hydraulic rod is movably sleeved in each hydraulic cylinder, a through central pipeline is arranged in the center of the blowout preventer base, symmetrical containing cavities are arranged in the middle of the blowout preventer base, a positioning base is movably sleeved in each containing cavity, a movable groove is formed in the middle of one end of each positioning base, the top end of each movable groove is fixedly connected with a falling spring, the bottom end of each falling spring is fixedly connected with a flashboard, one end of the top of each flashboard is provided with a compensation protrusion, one end of each flashboard, close to the central pipeline, is fixedly connected with an elastic glue layer, and the middle of one end of each flashboard, close to the central pipeline, is provided with a clamping groove, the one end fixedly connected with response piece in joint groove, another the flashboard is close to the one end middle part fixedly connected with signal piece of central pipeline, the one end fixedly connected with compensation glue film of signal piece, the compensation groove has been seted up in the preventer base, the reset spring of the top one end fixedly connected with equipartition in compensation groove, the top activity joint in compensation groove has the auto-lock flashboard.

Preferably, the first channel and the second channel are fixedly connected with the hydraulic assembly, the accommodating cavity is communicated with the central pipeline, and the center of one end of the positioning base is fixedly connected with the hydraulic rod.

Preferably, the one end joint of flashboard is in the location base, the flashboard laminates with the location base, the one end of location base laminating flashboard is the echelonment.

Preferably, both ends of the top of the compensation protrusion are inclined planes, and uniform wave lines are arranged on the inclined plane at one end, close to the positioning base, of the compensation protrusion.

Preferably, the central line coincidence of signal piece and response piece, the height value of signal piece is the same with the height value size of joint groove, the thickness of elasticity glue film is three centimetres, compensation glue film thickness is two centimetres, the sensing distance of signal piece and response piece is one centimetre.

Preferably, the compensation trench is located the interface top of accomodating chamber and central pipeline, the one end that the central pipeline was kept away from to the bottom of compensation trench is the inclined plane, the angle of inclination on the inclined plane of compensation trench is the same with the protruding inclined plane angle of inclination size that has the wave line of compensation, and the inclined plane on the compensation trench is equipped with the same wave line, the top one end and the reset spring fixed connection of auto-lock flashboard, the one end that deviates from the central pipeline in auto-lock flashboard bottom is equipped with the inclined plane, the angle of inclination on the inclined plane of auto-lock flashboard is the same with the inclined plane angle that is equipped with the wave line in the compensation arch.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, through the designed positioning base, the flashboard and the self-locking flashboard, after the flashboard is closed, the flashboard can be lifted up under the pressure impact of a blowout material, so that two sides of the top of the flashboard are tightly attached to the self-locking flashboard, and when the positioning base has force opening towards two sides under the pressure impact of the blowout material, the force can be transmitted to the base of the blowout preventer through the self-locking flashboard by the flashboard, so that the flashboard is self-locked, the condition that the flashboard is separated from each other under stress is avoided, and the blowout preventer is free from a locking mode of manual locking and electric locking.

2. According to the invention, through the designed gate plate, the compensation bulge and the self-locking gate plate, when the gate plate is lifted up under the pressure impact of well blowout substances, the compensation bulge can extrude the self-locking gate plate, so that the gate plate is tightly attached to the self-locking gate plate, the force on the gate plate can be transmitted to the base of the blowout preventer, and the situation that the gate plate cannot be tightly attached to the self-locking gate plate due to the forward movement of the position of the gate plate after the elastic rubber layer is abraded and the gate plate fails to be self-locked is avoided.

3. According to the invention, through the designed positioning base, the flashboards, the sensing blocks and the signal blocks, when the flashboards on two sides are closed by hydraulic pressure, the sensing blocks can be close to the signal blocks, hydraulic conveying is stopped after the elastic adhesive layers are completely extruded together, the flashboards are fully closed, and the flashboards can still be completely closed under the action of the signal blocks after the elastic adhesive layers are abraded, so that the situation that the flashboards cannot be completely closed due to insufficient hydraulic extrusion caused by abrasion is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the shutter closure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the shutter plate of the present invention in a state of being lifted by a force;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure shown at B in FIG. 4 according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the state of the gate plate lifted by a force after the elastic rubber layer is worn;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 6 at C in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the shutter arrangement of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a blowout preventer mount; 2. a hydraulic cylinder; 3. a first channel; 4. a second channel; 5. a hydraulic lever; 6. a receiving cavity; 7. positioning a base; 701. a movable groove; 8. a shutter plate; 9. a compensation protrusion; 10. a fall-back spring; 11. a clamping groove; 12. an induction block; 13. an elastic glue layer; 14. a signal block; 15. a compensation glue layer; 16. a central conduit; 161. a compensation groove; 17. a return spring; 18. self-locking flashboard.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the blowout preventer for sealing a wellhead comprises a blowout preventer base 1, two symmetrical hydraulic cylinders 2 are arranged at two ends of the blowout preventer base 1, one end of each hydraulic cylinder 2 is communicated with a first channel 3, the other end of each hydraulic cylinder 2 is communicated with a second channel 4, the first channel 3 and the second channel 4 are both fixedly connected with a hydraulic assembly, and a hydraulic rod 5 is movably sleeved in each hydraulic cylinder 2.

Referring to fig. 1, 7-8, a through center pipe 16 is disposed at the center of a blowout preventer base 1, symmetrical receiving cavities 6 are disposed at the middle of the blowout preventer base 1, the receiving cavities 6 are communicated with the center pipe 16, a positioning base 7 is movably sleeved in the receiving cavities 6, the center of one end of the positioning base 7 is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod 5, a movable groove 701 is disposed at the middle of the other end of the positioning base 7, a falling spring 10 is fixedly connected to the top end of the movable groove 701, a gate 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the falling spring 10, one end of the gate 8 is clamped in the positioning base 7, the gate 8 is attached to the positioning base 7, one end of the positioning base 7 attached to the gate 8 is stepped, so that when the gate 8 is lifted by well-jet material, the gate can be limited by the step of the positioning base 7 and the position of the movable groove 701, and the gate 8 is prevented from being completely separated from the positioning base 7 in the lifting process, leading to a situation where the seal fails.

Referring to fig. 3, 5, 7-8, a compensation protrusion 9 is disposed at one end of the top of the gate 8, both ends of the top of the compensation protrusion 9 are inclined surfaces, when the compensation protrusion 9 is inserted into the compensation groove 161, the inclined surface with wavy lines can drive the compensation protrusion 9 to smoothly squeeze open the self-locking gate 18 to insert into the compensation groove 161, an inclined surface of one end of the compensation protrusion 9 close to the positioning base 7 is provided with uniform wavy lines, the inclined surface with wavy lines is buckled with the inclined surface with wavy lines of the compensation groove 161, so that the force transmitted to the self-locking gate 18 by the gate 8 can be transmitted to the blowout preventer base 1 through one end of the compensation protrusion 9 with wavy lines, and when the position of the gate 8 moves forward due to abrasion of the elastic glue layer 13, the inclined surface with wavy lines of the compensation protrusion 9 can still be buckled with the inclined surface of the compensation groove 161, and when the space of the compensation groove 161 is enlarged due to squeezing open the self-locking gate 18, the force transmitted by the flashboards 8 to the self-locking flashboard 18 can still be transmitted to the blowout preventer base 1, one end of each flashboard 8 close to the central pipeline 16 is fixedly connected with an elastic rubber layer 13, the middle part of one end of one flashboard 8 close to the central pipeline 16 is provided with a clamping groove 11, one end of each clamping groove 11 is fixedly connected with an induction block 12, the middle part of one end of the other flashboard 8 close to the central pipeline 16 is fixedly connected with a signal block 14, one end of each signal block 14 is fixedly connected with a compensation rubber layer 15, the center lines of the signal blocks 14 and the induction blocks 12 are overlapped, the height value of each signal block 14 is the same as that of the clamping groove 11, when the flashboards 8 are closed, the signal blocks 14 can be inserted into the clamping grooves 11, the compensation rubber layers 15 are extruded, the thickness is gradually reduced, the distance between the signal blocks 14 and the induction blocks 12 is gradually close to enable the induction blocks 12 to transmit signals to stop the transmission of hydraulic oil, the thickness of the elastic adhesive layer 13 is three centimeters, the thickness of the compensation adhesive layer 15 is two centimeters, and the sensing distance between the signal block 14 and the sensing block 12 is one centimeter, so that after the elastic adhesive layer 13 and the compensation adhesive layer 15 are worn, when the sensing block 12 sends out a signal, the two elastic adhesive layers 13 can still be tightly closed.

Referring to fig. 1, 5 and 7, a compensation groove 161 is formed in a blowout preventer base 1, the compensation groove 161 is located above a joint between a receiving cavity 6 and a central pipe 16, one end of the bottom of the compensation groove 161, which is far away from the central pipe 16, is an inclined surface, an inclined angle of the inclined surface of the compensation groove 161 is the same as an inclined angle of an inclined surface with a wave texture of a compensation protrusion 9, and the inclined surface on the compensation groove 161 is provided with the same wave texture, and the inclined surface with the wave texture of the compensation groove 161 is buckled with the inclined surface with the wave texture of the compensation protrusion 9, so that a force transmitted to a self-locking ram 18 by the ram 8 can be transmitted to the blowout preventer base 1 through the end with the wave texture of the compensation protrusion 9, and when the position of the ram 8 moves forward due to abrasion of an elastic rubber layer 13, the inclined surface with the wave texture of the compensation groove 161 can still be buckled with the inclined surface of the compensation ram protrusion 9, and when the space of the compensation groove 161 is enlarged due to the extrusion of the self-locking ram 18 by the compensation protrusion 9, still enable the power that flashboard 8 transmits for auto-lock flashboard 18 and transmit for preventer base 1, the reset spring 17 of the top one end fixedly connected with equipartition of compensation groove 161, the top activity joint of compensation groove 161 has auto-lock flashboard 18, the top one end and the reset spring 17 fixed connection of auto-lock flashboard 18, the one end that deviates from central pipeline 16 in auto-lock flashboard 18 bottom is equipped with the inclined plane, the angle of inclination on the inclined plane of auto-lock flashboard 18 is the same with the inclined plane angle that is equipped with the wave line on the protruding 9 of compensation, make the protruding 9 when inserting the compensation groove 161 of compensation, the inclined plane that is equipped with the wave line can drive the protruding 9 of compensation and extrude auto-lock flashboard 18 smoothly, make it insert in the compensation groove 161.

The use method (working principle) of the invention is as follows:

firstly, a blowout preventer base 1 is installed at a wellhead, when the wellhead needs to be sealed, hydraulic oil is input into a hydraulic cylinder 2 through a first channel 3, a hydraulic rod 5 is pushed to move, the hydraulic rod 5 drives a positioning base 7 to move towards the center direction of a central pipeline 16, elastic glue layers 13 on two gate plates 8 begin to be attached, at the moment, a signal block 14 is inserted into a clamping groove 11, a compensation glue layer 15 is pressed on an induction block 12, the compensation glue layer 15 is gradually compressed under the pushing of the hydraulic rod 5, the signal block 14 is close to the induction block 12, the induction block 12 sends a signal after receiving the signal, so that the hydraulic oil stops being input into the hydraulic cylinder 2, and at the moment, the two elastic glue layers 13 are compressed and tightly attached together;

then, when the blowout material reaches the flashboard 8, the flashboard 8 is forced to lift up, the falling spring 10 is compressed at the moment, the compensation protrusion 9 is inserted into the compensation groove 161, the compensation protrusion 9 extrudes the self-locking flashboard 18, the top of the flashboard 8 is attached to the self-locking flashboard 18, and the flashboard 8 completes self-locking at the moment;

finally, after the blowout material is stable, the flashboard 8 falls back and resets under the spring 10 that falls back and self gravity, makes the protruding 9 of compensation leave in the compensation groove 161, and reset spring 17 drives auto-lock flashboard 18 and resets, lets in hydraulic oil in 2 to the pneumatic cylinder through No. two passageways 4 after that, makes hydraulic stem 5 drive location base 7 and resets, waits for next sealed well head can.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.