阅读说明：本技术 一种便携式固体发动机冷增压试验系统 (Portable solid engine cold supercharging test system ) 是由 张峰涛 赵程远 曹蓉 杨根 彭松 池旭辉 王锐 郑萍 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：提供了一种便携式固体发动机冷增压试验系统,包括：混合式气体发生器(A)；传感器；密封连接装置(D)；点火控制器(E)和安全阀(F)；混合式气体发生器(A)经密封连接装置(D)与固体发动机端部密封连通；点火控制器(E)与混合式气体发生器(A)通讯连接,用于向混合式气体发生器(A)发送点火信号指令；传感器设置在发动机腔内,用于测量固体发动机腔内的信息数据；安全阀(F)设置在密封连接装置(D)与混合式气体发生器(A)的连接处,用于调节固体发动机内腔的压力。本发明通过混合式气体发生器(A)结构设计及其内部装填的点火药的类型和用量设计,能实现其对发动机内部的快速增压,且增压过程中温度低。(Provided is a portable solid engine cold boost test system, comprising: a hybrid gas generator (A); a sensor; a sealing connection device (D); an ignition controller (E) and a safety valve (F); the mixed gas generator (A) is in sealed communication with the end of the solid engine through a sealing connecting device (D); the ignition controller (E) is in communication connection with the hybrid gas generator (A) and is used for sending an ignition signal instruction to the hybrid gas generator (A); the sensor is arranged in the engine cavity and used for measuring information data in the solid engine cavity; the safety valve (F) is arranged at the joint of the sealing connecting device (D) and the hybrid gas generator (A) and is used for adjusting the pressure of the inner cavity of the solid engine. According to the invention, through the structural design of the hybrid gas generator (A) and the type and dosage design of the ignition powder filled in the hybrid gas generator (A), the internal part of the engine can be quickly pressurized, and the temperature in the pressurizing process is low.)

1. A portable solid engine cold boost test system, comprising: a hybrid gas generator (A); a sensor; a sealing connection device (D); an ignition controller (E) and a safety valve (F);

the hybrid gas generator (A) is in sealed communication with the end of the solid engine through a sealed connection device (D);

the ignition controller (E) is in communication connection with the hybrid gas generator (A) and is used for sending an ignition signal instruction to the hybrid gas generator (A);

the sensor is arranged in the engine cavity and used for measuring information data in the solid engine cavity;

the safety valve (F) is arranged at the joint of the sealing connecting device (D) and the hybrid gas generator (A) and is used for adjusting the pressure of the inner cavity of the solid engine.

2. The portable solid engine cold boost testing system of claim 1,

the device also comprises a data processing device (G) and a data acquisition unit;

the sensors include temperature and/or pressure data sensors (B)₁) And a large strain data sensor (B)₂)；

The data collector comprises a temperature and/or pressure collector (C)₁) And large strain collector (C)₂) Said temperature and/or pressure collector (C)₁) And large strain collector (C)₂) Are connected to a data processing device (G) in common;

said temperature and/or pressure data sensor (B)₁) Arranged in the engine cavity to measure temperature and/or pressure data therein, said large strain data sensor (B)₂) Disposed in the engine cavity to measure large strain data therein;

said temperature and/or pressure collector (C)₁) With said temperature and/or pressure data sensor (B)₁) Connection, the large strain collector (C)₂) And the large strain data sensor (B)₂) And (4) connecting.

3. The portable solid engine cold pressurization test system according to claim 1, wherein the hybrid gas generator (a) comprises an igniter (a1), an ignition charge (a2), a piston (A3), a high-pressure gas (a4) and a cooling pipe (a5) arranged at a cylinder port, a nozzle (A6) sealed in a cylinder, the igniter (a1) and the ignition charge (a2) are arranged at one side of the piston (A3) in the cylinder, the high-pressure gas (a4), the cooling pipe (a5) and the nozzle (A6) are arranged at the other side of the piston (A3), the igniter (a1) ignites the high-pressure working gas generated by combustion and/or explosion of the ignition charge (a2), the piston (A3) is pushed to cause the high-pressure gas to burst the rupture disk, and the rapid pressure buildup of the inner cavity of the solid engine is realized through the cooling pipe (a5) and the nozzle (A6); the hybrid gas generator (A) ranges from 0.2kg to 0.5kg, has a length of less than 300mm and an inflation time of typically less than 20 ms.

4. The portable solid engine cold supercharging test system of claim 1, wherein the sealing connection means (D) is made of stainless steel material, has a mass ranging from 1kg to 3kg, and is fixedly connected at one end to the engine cavity and at the other end to the hybrid gas generator (a).

5. The portable solid engine cold boost test system of claim 2, wherein said sensors comprise temperature and/or pressure data sensors (B)₁) For obtaining the temperature and/or pressure in the engine cavity; large strain data sensor (B)₂) The method is used for acquiring deformation data of the inner cavity of the engine.

6. The portable solid engine cold boost test system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hybrid gas generator (a) and ignition controller (E) comprise the same number of sets; the sealing connecting device (D) is provided with connecting holes the number of which is the same as that of the mixed gas generators (A), and the multiple groups of mixed gas generators (A) are communicated with the end part of the engine through the connecting holes of the sealing connecting device (D).

7. The portable solid engine cold boost test system of claim 2, wherein the total mass of said portable solid engine cold boost test system is less than 6Kg and the boost time is no more than 30 ms.

8. The portable solid engine cold boost test system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the high pressure gas flushing temperature of the hybrid gas generator (A) is lower than 80 ℃.

9. The portable solid engine cold boost test system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said ignition charge (A2) comprises black powder, sodium azide and a flame rate modifier.

10. The portable solid engine cold boost test system of claim 3, characterized in that said cooling tube (A5) is a vortex type cooling tube.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of environment adaptability evaluation of solid missiles, in particular to a portable solid engine cold pressurization test system.

Background

NASA spacecraft design code, usa, states that the primary cause of a solid engine hot-test or launch failure is the disruption of engine structural integrity. When the solid engine is subjected to hot test or emission, the pressure of the combustion chamber of the solid engine is rapidly increased from 1 atmospheric pressure to more than 100 atmospheric pressures within tens to hundreds of milliseconds, and the structural integrity of the combustion chamber of the solid engine is extremely easy to damage under the severe environment of high temperature, high pressure and high strain rate. The solid engine combustion chamber mainly comprises a shell, a solid propellant, a heat insulating layer, a lining layer and the like, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during hot test or launching mainly acts on the solid propellant, the solid propellant belongs to a composite high polymer viscoelastic material, and the material characteristics of the solid propellant have obvious differences under different temperatures, pressures and strain rates. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to experimentally measure the structural integrity of the solid engine ignition process.

Cold boost test systems are commonly used to simulate the ignition boost process of solid-state engines to assess the structural integrity of the solid-state engine during ignition. The traditional solid engine cold pressurization test system adopts a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder rapid pressurization mode to simulate ignition pressurization (see figure 1), and because the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder is heavy, a fixed test site is needed, the pressurization speed is low, the high-pressure gas impacts to cause high temperature, and the test requirement and the safety requirement of a solid engine multi-task scene cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a portable solid engine cold pressurization test system, which replaces a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder with a hybrid gas generator, realizes the lightweight design of the solid engine cold pressurization test system, and meets the test requirements and safety requirements of a solid engine in a multi-task scene.

The technical scheme of the invention is that a portable solid engine cold supercharging test system comprises: a hybrid gas generator; a sensor; a sealing connection device; an ignition controller and a safety valve; the hybrid gas generator is in sealed communication with the end of the solid engine through a sealed connection device; the ignition controller is in communication connection with the hybrid gas generator and is used for sending an ignition signal instruction to the hybrid gas generator; the sensor is arranged in the engine cavity and used for measuring information data in the solid engine cavity; the safety valve is arranged at the joint of the sealing connecting device and the mixed gas generator and used for adjusting the pressure of the inner cavity of the solid engine.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the ignition controller sends an ignition signal, then the mixed gas generator starts to ignite after receiving the signal, then ignition powder in the mixed gas generator burns to cause high-pressure gas stored in the mixed gas generator to be sprayed out, and finally the sprayed high-pressure gas is pressed into the inner cavity of the solid engine, so that the inner cavity of the solid engine is quickly pressurized. The invention realizes the rapid increase of the inner cavity of the solid engine of the engine by the gas generated by burning or explosion generated by gunpowder of the mixed gas generator, has simple equipment structure and close connection, and realizes the lightweight design of the cold pressurization test system of the solid engine.

Furthermore, the pressurization test system also comprises a data processing device and a data acquisition unit; wherein the sensors include temperature and/or pressure data sensors and large strain data sensors; the data acquisition unit comprises a temperature and/or pressure acquisition unit and a large strain acquisition unit, the temperature and/or pressure acquisition unit and the large strain acquisition unit are jointly connected with a data processing device and are arranged in the inner cavity of the engine to measure temperature and/or pressure data in the data processing device, and the large strain data sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the engine to measure large strain data in the data processing device; the temperature and/or pressure collector is connected with the temperature and/or pressure data sensor, and the large strain collector is connected with the large strain data sensor.

The large strain data sensor and the large strain collector are mainly used for sensing and collecting deformation data of an inner cavity of an engine, and the strain which can be collected is as high as 20 percent, so the large strain data sensor and the large strain collector are called, and the collected data are mainly used for analysis and research.

Furthermore, the hybrid gas generator comprises an igniter, ignition powder, a piston, high-pressure gas, a cooling pipe and a spray pipe, wherein the igniter, the ignition powder, the piston and the high-pressure gas are sealed in a cylinder body, the cooling pipe and the spray pipe are arranged at the port of the cylinder body, the igniter and the ignition powder are arranged at one side of the piston in the cylinder body, the high-pressure gas, the cooling pipe and the spray pipe are arranged at the other side of the cylinder body, the high-pressure gas generated by combustion and/or explosion of the ignition powder of the igniter does work to push the piston to cause the high-pressure gas to burst a rupture disk, and the high-pressure gas is sprayed out through the cooling pipe and the spray pipe to realize the rapid pressure build-up of the inner cavity of the solid engine; the hybrid gas generator ranges from 0.2kg to 0.5kg, has a length of less than 300mm, and typically has an inflation time of less than 20 ms.

Furthermore, the sealing connecting device is made of stainless steel, the mass range is 1kg-3kg, one end of the sealing connecting device is fixedly connected with the cavity of the engine, and the other end of the sealing connecting device is fixedly connected with the mixed gas generator

Further, the sensor comprises a temperature and/or pressure data sensor for acquiring the temperature and/or pressure in the cavity of the engine; the large strain data sensor is used for acquiring deformation data of an inner cavity of the engine.

Further, the hybrid gas generator and the ignition controller of the present invention comprise a plurality of groups having the same number; the sealing connection devices are provided with the same number of connection holes, and the multiple groups of mixed gas generators are communicated with the end part of the engine through the connection holes of the sealing connection devices.

Furthermore, the total mass of the portable solid engine cold pressurization test system is less than 6Kg, and the pressurization time is not more than 30 ms.

Further, the high pressure gas scouring temperature of the hybrid gas generator of the present invention is lower than 80 ℃.

Further, the ignition powder comprises black powder, sodium azide and a combustion speed regulator.

Further, the cooling tube (A5) is a vortex type cooling tube.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1) the hybrid gas generator is used for replacing a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, so that the lightweight design of the solid engine cold pressurization test system is realized;

2) the invention accelerates the pressurization speed and reduces the high-pressure gas scouring temperature through the structural design of the mixed gas generator, particularly the ignition powder and the cooling pipe.

The invention has simple structure and convenient operation, and meets the test requirement of the solid engine in a multi-task scene.

Drawings

These and/or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable solid engine cold supercharging test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure nitrogen pressurized cold boost test system of the prior art;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid gas generator in a portable solid engine cold supercharging test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a P-t curve of a portable solid engine cold boost test system in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, the following detailed description of the invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of the invention.

Example 1

A portable solid engine cold pressurization test system is shown in figure 1, and comprises: a hybrid gas generator A; a sensor; sealing the connecting device D; an ignition controller E and a safety valve F; the connection relationship is as follows: the mixed gas generator A is communicated with the end part of the solid engine in a sealing way through a sealing connecting device D; the ignition controller E is in communication connection with the mixed gas generator A and is used for sending an ignition signal instruction to the mixed gas generator A; the sensor is arranged in the engine cavity and used for measuring information data in the solid engine cavity; the safety valve F is arranged at the joint of the sealing connecting device D and the hybrid gas generator A and is used for adjusting the pressure of the inner cavity of the solid engine.

Preferably, the system further comprises a data processing device G and a data collector; the sensors include temperature and/or pressure data sensors B₁And large strain data sensor B₂(ii) a The data collector comprises a temperature and/or pressure collector C₁And large strain collector C₂Said temperature and/or pressure collector C₁And large strain collector C₂Are commonly connected with a data processing device G; temperature and/or pressure data sensor B₁A large strain data sensor B disposed in the engine cavity for measuring temperature and/or pressure data therein₂Disposed in the engine cavity to measure large strain data therein; temperature and/or pressure collector C₁With temperature and/or pressure data sensors B₁Connected, large strain collector C₂And large strain data sensor B₂And (4) connecting.

The principle of the portable solid engine cold supercharging test system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, the portable solid engine cold supercharging test system is light in weight and safe to use, and overcomes the defects of heavy weight and inconvenience in movement of the conventional high-pressure nitrogen pressurization type cold supercharging test system shown in figure 2.

The structure of the hybrid gas generator A is schematically shown in FIG. 3, and the hybrid gas generator A comprises an igniter A1, an ignition powder A2, a piston A3, a high-pressure gas A4, a cooling pipe A5 and a spray pipe A6 which are arranged at the port of a cylinder, wherein the igniter A1 and the ignition powder A2 are arranged at one side of the piston A3 in the cylinder, the high-pressure gas A4, the cooling pipe A5 and the spray pipe A6 are arranged at the other side of the piston A3, the igniter A1 ignites the high-pressure gas generated by combustion and/or explosion of the ignition powder A2 to do work, the piston A3 is pushed to cause the high-pressure gas to break a rupture disk, and the high-pressure gas is sprayed out through the cooling pipe A5 and the spray pipe A6 to realize the rapid pressure build-up of the inner cavity of the solid engine; the hybrid gas generator A ranges from 0.2kg to 0.5kg, has a length of less than 300mm, and typically has an inflation time of less than 20 ms.

Preferably, the sealing connecting device D is made of stainless steel, the mass range is 1kg-3kg, one end of the sealing connecting device D is fixedly connected with the cavity of the engine, and the other end of the sealing connecting device D is fixedly connected with the mixed gas generator A.

Preferred sensors include temperature and/or pressure data sensors B₁For obtaining the temperature and/or pressure in the engine cavity; large strain data sensor B₂The method is used for acquiring deformation data of the inner cavity of the engine.

Preferably, the hybrid gas generator a and the ignition controller E of the present invention include the same number of sets; the sealing connecting device D is provided with connecting holes the number of which is the same as that of the mixed gas generators A, and the multiple groups of mixed gas generators A are communicated with the end part of the engine through the connecting holes of the sealing connecting device D, so that the engine can be pressurized by using the multiple mixed gas generators A according to the pressurization requirement.

Preferably, the total mass of the portable solid engine cold pressurization test system is less than 6Kg, and the pressurization time is not more than 30 ms.

Preferably, the high pressure gas scouring temperature of the hybrid gas generator a is less than 80 ℃.

Preferably, the ignition powder A2 mainly comprises black powder, sodium azide and a combustion speed regulator.

Preferably, the cooling tube a5 is a vortex type cooling tube.

The data processing device G is a computer.

In this embodiment, the mass of the hybrid gas generator a of the portable solid engine cold supercharging test system is about 0.5Kg, the mass of the sealing connection device D is about 2Kg, the other mass is about 3Kg, and the total mass is less than 6 Kg. And the total mass of the traditional high-pressure nitrogen pressurization type cold pressurization test system is not less than 100 Kg.

In the embodiment, the hybrid gas generator A is used to realize the rapid pressurization of the solid engine, the rapid pressurization time is about 20ms, and meanwhile, the high-pressure gas scouring temperature is lower than 80 ℃, and the temperature is not obviously increased. The traditional high-pressure nitrogen pressurization type cold pressurization test system is limited by the opening rate and the valve caliber of a high-pressure valve, so that the quick pressurization time is usually more than 1 s.

Example 2

The portable solid engine cold supercharging test system of the embodiment 1 is used for carrying out an engine supercharging test, and the process is as follows:

1. the test requirements are determined. If a solid engine with a certain size needs to be subjected to a cold supercharging test, the supercharging requirement is that the supercharging is carried out to 10MPa within 60ms, the structural integrity of the engine in the supercharging process is tested, and one implicit requirement is that the solid engine does not catch fire and does not have safety problems in the supercharging test process.

2. Selection of the hybrid gas generator a. According to the internal cavity volume V of the solid engine₁And the required pressure P₁The type or size of the mixed gas generator A is selected, and the main index of the type or size is the nitrogen pressure P in the mixed gas generator A₂And volume V₂In general P₂·V₂≈1.2P₁·V₁。

The mass of the hybrid gas generator a of the present invention is typically less than 0.5 Kg. FIG. 4 is a P-t curve of a hybrid gas generator A of a type in which the inflated volume is 28.3L, the size of the hybrid gas generator A is φ 30mm × 252mm, and the weight is 0.42Kg, at ambient temperature, low temperature, and high temperature.

3. And (4) selecting a safety valve F. The critical pressure of the safety valve F should be 1.2P₁。

4. Designing and processing the sealing connection device. The design is carried out according to the geometric dimensions of the solid engine, the hybrid gas generator A, the safety valve F and the data line, one end of the design is fixedly connected with the engine, the other end of the design is fixedly connected with the hybrid gas generator A, and meanwhile, the functions of sealing, data transmission and the like are started. The material of the sealing connecting device is stainless steel, and the mass is usually less than 3 Kg.

5. Cold pressurization test systemThe installation of (1): the sensor is first included with a temperature and/or pressure data sensor B₁Is placed in the inner cavity of the engine and is used for transmitting the large strain data sensor B₂Is stuck on the surface of the inner cavity of the engine; then one end of the sealing connecting device D is fixed on the engine, the sensor data line penetrates out, and the other end is provided with a mixed gas generator A, a safety valve F and a pressure release valve; and then, connecting the ignition controller E with the mixed gas generator A, connecting a sensor data line with a data acquisition device, and debugging whether data acquisition is normal or not.

6. And (3) designing the safety of the cold pressurization test system: the gas generating mode of the mixed gas generator A determines that the temperature rise in the pressurizing process does not exceed 80 ℃, and the engine is ensured not to be ignited. Ignition controller E, data acquisition device all can place in safe place through the data line, satisfy the test process to safe distance's demand.

7. And (4) testing. And (3) igniting by an ignition controller E, instantly filling high-pressure gas nitrogen stored in the mixed gas generator A into the inner cavity of the engine, then recording the temperature and pressure in the inner cavity of the engine and the strain on the surface of the inner cavity through a sensor, and exhausting gas through a pressure release valve after the test is finished.

8. And (6) analyzing results. And judging whether the test meets the requirements according to the temperature and the pressure in the inner cavity of the engine, and judging whether the structure of the engine is complete or not through the strain on the surface of the inner cavity.

Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.