阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于无人机通信组网的线性相控阵天线管理装置 (Linear phased array antenna management device suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle communication network deployment ) 是由 黄东 闫继垒 焦利彬 龙彦 鞠宏浩 于 2021-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于无人机通信组网的线性相控阵天线管理装置,全连接结构毫米波均匀线性阵内包含子阵选通网络,通过子阵选通网络,能够将毫米波均匀线性阵划分为多个子阵；从无人机波束指向收集模块负责在入网阶段获取各个无人机的波束指向；从无人机链路预算收集模块负责在入网阶段获取各个无人机的天线增益需求；线性阵列管理模块负责完成天线子阵划分管理,划分后的子阵根据波束指向角要求形成单波束,完成实现对从无人机的波束覆盖。本发明通过将线性相控阵天线管理建模为几何规划问题,实现天线子阵划分,形成多波束,在满足波束间干扰管理、链路预算要求前提下,最大化波束主瓣覆盖范围,降低波束维护开销,实现无人机一对多通信组网。(The invention discloses a linear phased array antenna management device suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle communication networking, wherein a millimeter wave uniform linear array of a full-connection structure comprises a subarray gating network, and the millimeter wave uniform linear array can be divided into a plurality of subarrays through the subarray gating network; the slave unmanned aerial vehicle beam direction collection module is responsible for acquiring the beam direction of each unmanned aerial vehicle in the network access stage; the slave unmanned aerial vehicle link budget collecting module is responsible for acquiring antenna gain requirements of each unmanned aerial vehicle in a network access stage; the linear array management module is responsible for completing antenna subarray division management, and the divided subarrays form single beams according to beam pointing angle requirements, so that beam coverage of the slave unmanned aerial vehicle is completed. According to the invention, the linear phased array antenna management modeling is adopted as a geometric programming problem, the antenna subarray division is realized, multiple beams are formed, the beam main lobe coverage is maximized on the premise of meeting the requirements of inter-beam interference management and link budget, the beam maintenance cost is reduced, and one-to-multiple communication networking of the unmanned aerial vehicle is realized.)

1. The utility model provides a linear phased array antenna management device suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle communication network deployment, its characterized in that, the even linear array of full connection structure millimeter wave: the array adopts a full-connection structure, is divided into S sub-arrays through a sub-array gating network, each divided sub-array forms a single beam according to an azimuth angle, the number of sub-array elements is determined by a linear array management module, and after the antenna sub-array division is completed, each sub-array distributes n sub-arrays according to the antenna elements_iThe antenna beam is directed at theta_iConfiguring, forming a beam;

from drone beam pointing collection module: is responsible for acquiring the beam pointing theta of each slave unmanned aerial vehicle relative to the master unmanned aerial vehicle in the network access stage_iAnd is directed according to the beam theta_iCalculating the beam pointing angle difference delta between any two slave unmanned aerial vehicles_ij；

From the unmanned link budget collection module: is responsible for acquiring the antenna gain requirement h of each slave unmanned aerial vehicle in the network access stage_i；

An antenna configuration collection module: the method is responsible for obtaining uniform linear array configuration, including antenna array spacing and wavelength ratio u, total array element number N of antennas and antenna channel number S;

a linear array management module: is responsible for pointing according to the beam pointing angle difference delta between the slave unmanned planes_ijFrom unmanned aerial vehicle antenna gain demand h_iThe antenna array spacing and wavelength ratio u, the total antenna array element number N and the number S of antenna channels, namely the number of simultaneously transmitted beams, are modeled as a geometric planning problem of formula (1), and are solved by a convex optimization method to obtain antenna array element distribution, namely the antenna array element number N_i：

2. The linear phased array antenna management device suitable for the unmanned aerial vehicle communication networking according to claim 1, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle communication networking is composed of 1 master unmanned aerial vehicle and 6 slave unmanned aerial vehicles, and the 1 master unmanned aerial vehicle forms 6 beams to respectively transmit data to the 6 slave unmanned aerial vehicles;

the antenna configurations collected by the line configuration collecting module are as follows:

1) number of ULA array elements: 512

2) The number of radio frequency channels: 6

3) Frequency: 25GHz

4) Arranging spacing: 1/3 wavelength

The beam pointing angle collected from the slave-less beam pointing collection module: theta_i＝[-60，-30，15，30，40，60]Degree;

the antenna gain requirements collected from the unmanned aerial vehicle link budget collection module: [10, 12, 10, 16, 12, 18] dBi;

the linear array management module obtains an antenna subarray division result n_i＝[46，27，33，102，74，91]。

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle communication, in particular to a linear phased array antenna management device in unmanned aerial vehicle communication networking.

Background

Abbreviations and Key term definitions

Uniform Linear Array of ULA Uniform Linear Array

Unmanned aerial vehicle wide application is in a plurality of fields such as agricultural, patrolling and examining, security protection, rescue at present, and its main form is that single unmanned aerial vehicle carries out the task operation. Because the coverage area of a single unmanned aerial vehicle is limited, the single unmanned aerial vehicle needs to frequently come and go when a task is executed, so that the operation efficiency is reduced; and when the task area is far away, limited by communication distance, a single unmanned aerial vehicle may not fly to the target area. Aiming at the problem, the networking of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles can be realized in a millimeter wave frequency band, and on one hand, the high bandwidth of the millimeter wave frequency band is utilized to improve the data transmission rate; on the other hand, through networking between unmanned aerial vehicles, coverage and distance when the task is executed are improved.

However, the problem of serious transmission loss in the millimeter wave frequency band needs to be solved when an unmanned aerial vehicle network is constructed in the millimeter wave frequency band, and one of the methods is to adopt a phased array system array antenna to resist the transmission loss of signals in the millimeter wave frequency band by obtaining antenna beam forming gain. Due to the fact that the millimeter wave frequency band is short in wavelength, the millimeter wave frequency band can be arrayed at small intervals, the size of the array antenna can be reduced, and the array antenna is easy to install on an unmanned aerial vehicle; moreover, the phased array antenna needs fewer radio frequency channels and digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital converters, so that the hardware cost can be reduced; moreover, through rational management phased array antenna, can form the multibeam, support one-to-many concurrent communication between unmanned aerial vehicle, improve unmanned aerial vehicle network throughput.

However, when the array antenna is used to implement the communication networking of the unmanned aerial vehicle, since the antenna main lobe width is narrowed after the beam forming, the beam maintenance is required to be frequently performed in consideration of the mobility of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the network overhead is very high. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the width of the antenna main lobe as much as possible on the premise of meeting the link budget to reduce the network maintenance overhead. On this basis, the inter-beam interference management needs also need to be satisfied.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a linear phased array antenna management device for unmanned aerial vehicle communication networking.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a linear phased array antenna management device for unmanned aerial vehicle communication network deployment, the even linear array of full connection structure millimeter wave: the array adopts a full-connection structure, is divided into S sub-arrays through a sub-array gating network, each divided sub-array forms a single beam according to the azimuth angle requirement, the number of sub-array elements is determined by a linear array management module, and after the antenna sub-array division is completed, each sub-array distributes n sub-arrays according to the antenna elements_iThe antenna beam is directed at theta_iConfiguring a formed beam;

from drone beam pointing collection module: is responsible for acquiring the beam pointing theta of each slave unmanned aerial vehicle relative to the master unmanned aerial vehicle in the network access stage_iAnd is directed according to the beam theta_iCalculating the beam pointing angle difference delta between any two slave unmanned aerial vehicles_ij；

From the unmanned link budget collection module: is responsible for acquiring the antenna gain requirement h of each slave unmanned aerial vehicle in the network access stage_i；

An antenna configuration collection module: the method is responsible for obtaining uniform linear array configuration, including antenna array spacing and wavelength ratio u, total array element number N of antennas and antenna channel number S;

a linear array management module: is responsible for pointing according to the beam pointing angle difference delta between the slave unmanned planes_ijFrom unmanned aerial vehicle antenna gain demand h_iThe antenna array spacing and wavelength ratio u, the total antenna array element number N and the number of antenna channels S (namely the number of simultaneously transmitted beams) are modeled as a geometric planning problem of formula (1), and the geometric planning problem is solved by a convex optimization method to obtain the antenna array element distribution, namely the antenna array element number N_i：

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the linear phased array antenna management device provided by the invention can manage a plurality of beams and meet the transmission requirement of one-to-many communication networking in unmanned aerial vehicle networking;

(2) the linear phased array antenna management device provided by the invention is configured with multiple beams, can control the width and the gain of the main lobe, eliminates the interference between the main lobes of the multiple beams and meets the budget requirement of a link;

(3) the linear phased array antenna management device provided by the invention is configured with multiple beams, so that the width of the main lobe can be increased and the beam maintenance cost caused by the movement of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be reduced on the premise of meeting the link budget requirement.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle communication networking multi-beam communication.

Fig. 2 is a system block diagram of a linear phased array antenna management apparatus.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of linear phased array antenna management in drone communication networking.

FIG. 4 is a 7-frame unmanned plane networking scene graph (1 frame master unmanned plane, 6 frame slave unmanned plane star topology)

Fig. 5 is a diagram of a linear phased array antenna management embodiment in a drone communications network.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1, the main unmanned aerial vehicle 1, from unmanned aerial vehicle 1a, 1b, 1c, the even linear array of millimeter wave is installed on unmanned aerial vehicle, and wherein the beam directive angle is the contained angle between the directional 3 and the directional 2 two of the even linear antenna array face of millimeter wave for the beam.

In fig. 2, control signals from the unmanned aerial vehicle beam direction collection module, the unmanned aerial vehicle link budget collection module, and the antenna configuration collection module are respectively output to the linear array management module, a control signal from the linear array management module is output to the subarray gating network, and the communication physical layer processing module forms a bidirectional communication path with the subarray gating network through the radio frequency channel and the AD/DA.

The linear array management module is responsible for completing antenna subarray division management, specifically, modeling linear phased array antenna management requirements into a geometric programming problem according to beam pointing angle difference between unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicle antenna gain requirements, antenna array arrangement distance and wavelength ratio, antenna array element number and antenna channel number, and rapidly solving through a convex optimization method to obtain a subarray division method.

Considering 7 unmanned aerial vehicle networking scenes, form 1 main unmanned aerial vehicle, 6 star type topologies (see fig. 4) of following unmanned aerial vehicle, main unmanned aerial vehicle forms 6 wave beams and sends data to following unmanned aerial vehicle.

1. The antenna configurations collected by the antenna configuration collection module are as follows:

1) number of ULA array elements: 512

2) The number of radio frequency channels: 6

3) Frequency: 25GHz

4) Arranging spacing: 1/3 wavelength

2. Beam pointing angles collected from drone beam pointing collection module: theta_i＝[-60，-30，15，30，40，60]Degree of rotation

3. Antenna gain requirements collected from the unmanned aerial vehicle link budget collection module: [10, 12, 10, 16, 12, 18] dBi

4. The linear array management module obtains an antenna subarray division result n_i＝[46，27，33，102，74，91]. Configured beam viewFig. 5.