阅读说明：本技术 乳化炸药废料回收的处理方法 (Treatment method for recycling emulsion explosive waste ) 是由 吴勇 陈嘉陵 邓平 赵守华 任杰 于 2021-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了乳化炸药废料回收的处理方法,方法步骤如下：S1：将乳化炸药废料和水加入分离装置,并通过加热循环系统对乳化炸药废料进行加热；S2：向所述S1的物料中加入破乳剂,同时对物料进行搅拌破乳；S3：完成破乳后通过所述分离装置进行分离,得废料基质和水相；S4：将所述S3中的水相输送至水相配制罐中进行水相的配制；S5：将所述S3中的废料基质作为铵油炸药的生产原料,或将其与正常基质加入废料敏化机内,加入发泡剂和促进剂进行再次敏化,重新制得合格的乳化炸药。本发明的处理方法具有油水分离效果好、操作简单等优点。(The invention discloses a treatment method for recycling emulsion explosive waste, which comprises the following steps: s1: adding the emulsion explosive waste and water into a separation device, and heating the emulsion explosive waste through a heating circulation system; s2: adding a demulsifier into the material of S1, and simultaneously stirring and demulsifying the material; s3: separating the mixture by the separation device after demulsification is finished to obtain a waste matrix and a water phase; s4: conveying the water phase in the S3 to a water phase preparation tank for preparing the water phase; s5: and (3) taking the waste substrate in the S3 as a production raw material of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, or adding the waste substrate and a normal substrate into a waste sensitizing machine, adding a foaming agent and an accelerant into the waste sensitizing machine for sensitizing again, and obtaining the qualified emulsion explosive again. The treatment method has the advantages of good oil-water separation effect, simple operation and the like.)

1. The treatment method for recycling the emulsion explosive waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: adding the emulsion explosive waste and water into a separation device, and heating the emulsion explosive waste through a heating circulation system;

s2: adding a demulsifier into the material of S1, and simultaneously stirring and demulsifying the material;

s3: separating the mixture by the separation device after demulsification is finished to obtain a waste matrix and a water phase;

s4: conveying the water phase in the S3 to a water phase preparation tank for preparing the water phase;

s5: and (3) taking the waste substrate in the S3 as a production raw material of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, or adding the waste substrate and a normal substrate into a waste sensitizing machine, adding a foaming agent and an accelerant into the waste sensitizing machine for sensitizing again, and obtaining the qualified emulsion explosive again.

2. The method for recycling and treating the waste emulsion explosive according to claim 1, wherein the demulsifier is prepared by graft copolymerization of chitosan, epoxybutene and acrylic acid.

3. The method for recycling and treating the emulsion explosive waste according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan to the epoxybutene to the acrylic acid is 1:15-25: 1-5.

4. The method for recycling and treating the waste emulsion explosive according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the waste emulsion explosive to the demulsifier is 100: 0.5-1.5.

5. The method for recycling and treating the waste emulsion explosive according to claim 1, wherein the separation device comprises a shell with an upper-end-open containing space, the shell is horizontally provided with a filter plate to divide the containing space of the shell into a milk breaking cavity above the filter plate and a filtrate cavity below the filter plate, and the separation device further comprises a motor mounting plate above the shell, the upper end of the motor mounting plate is fixedly provided with a stirring motor, an output shaft of the stirring motor penetrates through the motor mounting plate and is fixedly connected with a stirring shaft below the motor mounting plate, and the motor mounting plate can move up and down to insert or separate the stirring shaft into or from the emulsion breaking cavity of the shell.

6. The method for recycling and treating the waste emulsion explosive according to claim 5, further comprising a heating and circulating device, wherein the liquid inlet end of the heating and circulating device is communicated with the filtrate cavity through a circulating pipe, the liquid outlet end of the heating and circulating device is communicated with the emulsion breaking cavity through a liquid inlet pipe, and a conveying pump is further fixedly arranged on the circulating pipe.

7. The method for recycling and processing the emulsion explosive waste according to claim 6, wherein the heating and circulating device comprises an outer conveying pipe, two parallel partition plates are fixedly arranged in the outer conveying pipe, the inner cavity of the outer conveying pipe is divided into a first buffer cavity, a second buffer cavity and a heating cavity by the two partition plates, the first buffer cavity and the second buffer cavity are positioned at two ends of the heating cavity, the method further comprises an inner conveying pipe, one end of the inner conveying pipe is inserted in the outer conveying pipe and sequentially penetrates through the two partition plates to be communicated with the first buffer cavity, the other end of the inner conveying pipe penetrates through the outer conveying pipe and is communicated with the circulating pipe, a plurality of through holes are formed in the partition plates to communicate the first buffer cavity, the heating cavity and the second buffer cavity, the second buffer cavity is further communicated with a liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe, and a heating device is also arranged in the heating cavity and distributed outside the inner conveying pipe.

8. The method for recycling and treating the waste emulsion explosive according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a feeding pipe, wherein the feeding pipe is communicated with the circulating pipe, and the feeding pipe is positioned between the feeding pump and the heating circulating device.

9. The method for recycling and treating the waste emulsion explosive according to claim 5, wherein the filter plate is slidably connected with the inner wall of the shell, a first telescopic rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the filter plate, one end of the first telescopic rod, which is far away from the filter plate, is fixedly connected with the bottom of the shell, a discharge outlet is further formed in one side of the upper end of the shell, a push plate slidably connected with the inner wall of the shell is arranged on the side, opposite to the discharge outlet, of the shell, and a second telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the push plate.

10. The method for recycling and processing the waste emulsion explosive according to claim 10, wherein the pushing plate is provided with a protruding block extending outwards from both sides thereof, the side wall of the shell is further provided with a sliding groove matched with the protruding block, and the protruding block is inserted into the sliding groove and is connected with the sliding groove in a sliding manner.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of emulsion explosives, in particular to a treatment method for recycling emulsion explosive waste.

Background

The method for recycling the waste emulsion explosive is to further demulsify the waste emulsion explosive to separate oil from water, and then carry out subsequent treatment. The existing emulsion explosive waste oil-water separation modes comprise two modes: firstly, emulsion breaking water-oil separation of the emulsion explosive is realized in a stirring and heating mode, and the method has the defect that emulsion breaking of the emulsion explosive is difficult to realize so as to achieve a good oil-water phase separation effect; and secondly, the waste drug is directly placed in a water phase tank to separate water and oil in the high-concentration ammonium nitrate solution environment, and the defects that the waste drug is placed in the water phase tank to be demulsified and then is separated from water and oil, oil phase materials float on the water phase solution and are easily adhered to the wall of a heating pipe, and safety risk exists.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a treatment method for recovering the waste emulsion explosive, which has the advantages of good oil-water separation effect, simple treatment method and the like.

The invention provides a treatment method for recycling emulsion explosive waste, which comprises the following steps:

s1: adding the emulsion explosive waste and water into a separation device, and heating the emulsion explosive waste through a heating circulation system;

s2: adding a demulsifier into the material of S1, and simultaneously stirring and demulsifying the material;

s3: separating the mixture by the separation device after demulsification is finished to obtain a waste matrix and a water phase;

s4: conveying the water phase in the S3 to a water phase preparation tank for preparing the water phase;

s5: and (3) taking the waste substrate in the S3 as a production raw material of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, or adding the waste substrate and a normal substrate into a waste sensitizing machine, adding a foaming agent and an accelerant into the waste sensitizing machine for sensitizing again, and obtaining the qualified emulsion explosive again.

Preferably, the demulsifier is prepared by graft copolymerization of chitosan, epoxybutene and acrylic acid.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the chitosan to the epoxybutene to the acrylic acid is 1:15-25: 1-5.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the emulsion explosive waste to the demulsifier is 100: 0.5-1.5.

Preferably, separator is including the casing that has an upper end open-ended accommodation space, the casing level is provided with a filter plate, in order to incite somebody to action the accommodation space of casing is cut apart into the broken breast chamber that is located the filter plate top and is located the filtrate chamber of filter plate below, still including being located the motor mounting panel of casing top, the fixed agitator motor that is provided with in motor mounting panel upper end, agitator motor's output shaft runs through the motor mounting panel and with the (mixing) shaft fixed connection who is located its below, the motor mounting panel can shift from top to bottom in order to insert the (mixing) shaft or break away from the breakdown of emulsion chamber of casing.

Preferably, the demulsification device further comprises a heating circulating device, the liquid inlet end of the heating circulating device is communicated with the filtrate cavity through a circulating pipe, the liquid outlet end of the heating circulating device is communicated with the demulsification cavity through a liquid inlet pipe, and a conveying pump is further fixedly arranged on the circulating pipe.

Preferably, the heating circulation device comprises an outer conveying pipe, two parallel clapboards are fixedly arranged in the outer conveying pipe, the inner cavity of the outer conveying pipe is divided into a first buffer cavity, a second buffer cavity and a heating cavity by the two clapboards, the first buffer cavity and the second buffer cavity are positioned at two ends of the heating cavity and also comprise an inner conveying pipe, one end of the inner conveying pipe is inserted in the outer conveying pipe and sequentially penetrates through the two clapboards to be communicated with the first buffer cavity, the other end of the inner conveying pipe penetrates through the outer conveying pipe and is communicated with the circulating pipe, a plurality of through holes are also formed in the partition plate, so as to communicate the first buffer cavity, the heating cavity and the second buffer cavity, the second buffer cavity is also communicated with a liquid outlet pipe, the drain pipe with feed liquor pipe intercommunication, still be provided with heating device in the heating chamber, heating device distributes the interior conveyer pipe outside.

Preferably, the heating circulation device further comprises a feeding pipe, wherein the feeding pipe is communicated with the circulation pipe and is positioned between the conveying pump and the heating circulation device.

Preferably, the filter plate with the inner wall sliding connection of casing, just the fixed first telescopic link that is provided with in filter plate bottom, first telescopic link is kept away from the one end of filter plate with the bottom fixed connection of casing, the bin outlet has still been opened to upper end one side of casing, the casing with the relative one side of bin outlet be provided with the inner wall sliding connection's of casing push pedal, the fixed second telescopic link that is provided with in the push pedal outside.

Preferably, the two sides of the push plate extend outwards to form a convex block, the side wall of the shell is also provided with a sliding groove matched with the convex block, and the convex block is inserted in the sliding groove and is in sliding connection with the sliding groove.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

(1) the demulsifier is prepared by graft copolymerization of chitosan, epoxybutene and acrylic acid, has good demulsification effect, improves the demulsification efficiency of the emulsion explosive waste, and does not influence the emulsification of the subsequently obtained water phase.

(2) The filter plate can filter the waste matrix, and the filtered water phase part is circularly heated by the circulating pipe, so that the temperature is constant in the demulsification process; in addition, the push plate arranged at the upper end of the shell can push out the waste substrate on the filter plate, so that the automation degree of emulsion explosive waste treatment is improved.

(3) The heating circulation device comprises the inner conveying pipe and the outer conveying pipe, when aqueous phase solution enters through the inner conveying pipe, the heating device on the outer side of the inner conveying pipe can preheat the solution, in addition, the through holes formed in the first buffer cavity, the second buffer cavity and the partition plate can delay the flowing speed of the solution, and therefore the heating effect of the solution is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a separation device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top sectional view of the separating apparatus according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating cycle apparatus according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-shell, 2-breast breaking cavity, 3-filtrate cavity, 4-first telescopic rod, 5-delivery pump, 6-feeding pipe, 7-circulating pipe, 8-filter plate, 9-stirring shaft, 10-liquid inlet pipe, 11-motor mounting plate, 12-stirring motor, 13-chute, 14-second telescopic rod, 15-push plate, 16-inner delivery pipe, 17-liquid outlet pipe, 18-heating device, 19-through hole, 20-partition plate, 21-first buffer cavity, 22-outer delivery pipe, 23-heating cavity, 24-second buffer cavity, 25-lug and 26-discharge port.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-3, the separation device provided by the invention comprises a housing 1 having an accommodating space with an opening at the upper end, wherein a filter plate 8 is horizontally arranged on the housing 1 to divide the accommodating space of the housing 1 into a demulsification chamber 2 positioned above the filter plate 8 and a filtrate chamber 3 positioned below the filter plate 8, the separation device further comprises a motor mounting plate 11 positioned above the housing 1, a stirring motor 12 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the motor mounting plate 11, an output shaft of the stirring motor 12 penetrates through the motor mounting plate 11 and is fixedly connected with a stirring shaft 9 positioned below the motor mounting plate, and the motor mounting plate 11 can move up and down to insert or separate the stirring shaft 9 into or from the demulsification chamber 2 of the housing 1.

In order to improve the emulsion breaking effect of the emulsion explosive waste, the emulsion breaking device further comprises a heating circulating device, the liquid inlet end of the heating circulating device is communicated with the filtrate cavity 3 through a circulating pipe 7, the liquid outlet end of the heating circulating device is communicated with the emulsion breaking cavity 2 through a liquid inlet pipe 10, and a conveying pump 5 is further fixedly arranged on the circulating pipe 7.

Specifically, the heating circulation device comprises an outer conveying pipe 22, two partition boards 20 arranged in parallel are fixedly arranged in the outer conveying pipe 22, the two partition boards 20 divide an inner cavity of the outer conveying pipe 22 into a first buffer cavity 21, a second buffer cavity 24 and a heating cavity 23, the first buffer cavity 21 and the second buffer cavity 24 are located at two ends of the heating cavity 23, the heating circulation device further comprises an inner conveying pipe 16, one end of the inner conveying pipe 16 is inserted into the outer conveying pipe 22 and sequentially penetrates through the two partition boards 20 to be communicated with the first buffer cavity 21, the other end of the inner conveying pipe 16 penetrates through the outer conveying pipe 22 and is communicated with the circulation pipe 7, a plurality of through holes 19 are further formed in the partition boards 20 to communicate the first buffer cavity 21, the heating cavity 23 and the second buffer cavity 24, the second buffer cavity 24 is further communicated with a liquid outlet pipe 17, and the liquid outlet pipe 17 is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe 10, a heating device 18 is also arranged in the heating cavity 23, and the heating device 18 is distributed outside the inner delivery pipe 16.

The heating circulation device comprises an inner conveying pipe 16 and an outer conveying pipe 22, when aqueous phase solution enters through the inner conveying pipe 16, firstly, the heating device 18 on the outer side of the inner conveying pipe 16 can achieve the effect of preheating the solution, in addition, the flow speed of the solution can be delayed by the first buffer cavity 21, the second buffer cavity 24 and the through holes 19 formed in the partition plate 20, so that the heating effect of the solution is further improved, in addition, due to the arrangement of the through holes 19 formed in the partition plate 20, the solution entering the heating cavity 23 from the first buffer cavity 21 and the solution entering the second buffer cavity 24 from the heating cavity 23 can generate certain impulsive force, so that the solution is mixed more uniformly, and the problem of nonuniform heating is avoided.

In order to realize the conveying of the treated water-phase materials, the device further comprises a feeding pipe 6, wherein the feeding pipe 6 is communicated with the circulating pipe 7, and the feeding pipe 6 is positioned between the conveying pump 5 and the heating circulating device and is the feeding pipe 6.

Filter plate 8 with the inner wall sliding connection of casing 1, just the fixed first telescopic link 4 that is provided with in filter plate 8 bottom, first telescopic link 4 is kept away from the one end of filter plate 8 with the bottom fixed connection of casing 1, the bin outlet 26 has still been opened to upper end one side of casing 1, casing 1 with bin outlet 26 relative one side be provided with casing 1's inner wall sliding connection's push pedal 15, the fixed second telescopic link 14 that is provided with in the push pedal 15 outside.

The two sides of the push plate 15 extend outwards to form a convex block 25, the side wall of the shell 1 is also provided with a sliding groove 13 matched with the convex block 25, and the convex block 25 is inserted in the sliding groove 13 and is connected with the sliding groove in a sliding manner.

The filter plate 8 arranged in the invention can filter the waste matrix, and the filtered water phase part is circularly heated by the circulating pipe 7, so that the temperature is constant in the demulsification process; in addition, the push plate 15 arranged at the upper end of the shell 1 can push out the waste substrate on the filter plate 8, so that the automation degree of emulsion explosive waste treatment is improved.

In the invention, the chitosan, epoxybutene and acrylic acid are all commercially available and are not treated. The device for measuring the conductivity is a DDS-11A digital display desk type conductivity meter which is purchased from Shanghai apparatus, electroscience instruments, Inc.

Example 1

The invention provides a treatment method for recycling emulsion explosive waste, which comprises the following steps:

s1: adding the emulsion explosive waste and water into a separation device, and heating the emulsion explosive waste through a heating circulation system;

s2: adding a demulsifier into the material of S1, and simultaneously stirring and demulsifying the material;

s3: separating the mixture by the separation device after demulsification is finished to obtain a waste matrix and a water phase;

s4: conveying the water phase in the S3 to a water phase preparation tank for preparing the water phase;

s5: and (3) taking the waste substrate in the S3 as a production raw material of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, or adding the waste substrate and a normal substrate into a waste sensitizing machine, adding a foaming agent and an accelerant into the waste sensitizing machine for sensitizing again, and obtaining the qualified emulsion explosive again.

The demulsifier is prepared by graft copolymerization of chitosan, epoxybutene and acrylic acid, and the mass ratio of the chitosan to the epoxybutene to the acrylic acid is 1:25: 5.

The mass ratio of the emulsion explosive waste to the demulsifier is 100: 1.5.

Example 2

The invention provides a treatment method for recycling emulsion explosive waste, which comprises the following steps:

s1: adding the emulsion explosive waste and water into a separation device, and heating the emulsion explosive waste through a heating circulation system;

s2: adding a demulsifier into the material of S1, and simultaneously stirring and demulsifying the material;

s3: separating the mixture by the separation device after demulsification is finished to obtain a waste matrix and a water phase;

s4: conveying the water phase in the S3 to a water phase preparation tank for preparing the water phase;

s5: and (3) taking the waste substrate in the S3 as a production raw material of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, or adding the waste substrate and a normal substrate into a waste sensitizing machine, adding a foaming agent and an accelerant into the waste sensitizing machine for sensitizing again, and obtaining the qualified emulsion explosive again.

The demulsifier is prepared by graft copolymerization of chitosan, epoxybutene and acrylic acid, and the mass ratio of the chitosan to the epoxybutene to the acrylic acid is 1:15: 1.

The mass ratio of the emulsion explosive waste to the demulsifier is 100: 0.5.

Example 3

The invention provides a treatment method for recycling emulsion explosive waste, which comprises the following steps:

s1: adding the emulsion explosive waste and water into a separation device, and heating the emulsion explosive waste through a heating circulation system;

s2: adding a demulsifier into the material of S1, and simultaneously stirring and demulsifying the material;

s3: separating the mixture by the separation device after demulsification is finished to obtain a waste matrix and a water phase;

s4: conveying the water phase in the S3 to a water phase preparation tank for preparing the water phase;

s5: and (3) taking the waste substrate in the S3 as a production raw material of the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, or adding the waste substrate and a normal substrate into a waste sensitizing machine, adding a foaming agent and an accelerant into the waste sensitizing machine for sensitizing again, and obtaining the qualified emulsion explosive again.

The demulsifier is prepared by graft copolymerization of chitosan, epoxybutene and acrylic acid, and the mass ratio of the chitosan to the epoxybutene to the acrylic acid is 1:20: 3.

The mass ratio of the emulsion explosive waste to the demulsifier is 100:1.

Comparative example 1

Compared to example 3, the protocol did not add demulsifier and the remaining conditions were the same.

Comparative example 2

Compared with the embodiment 3, the scheme replaces the demulsifier in the embodiment 3 with the existing Tween-80 demulsifier, and the rest conditions are the same.

In order to determine the demulsification effect of the emulsion explosive waste, the quality of the demulsification degree is represented by determining the conductivity of the aqueous solution and the precipitation rate of ammonium nitrate, the specific method refers to the records in' demulsification experiment and demulsification mechanism research of unqualified emulsion explosives, and the detection results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 emulsion breaking effect of emulsion explosive waste

Group of	Conductivity/. mu.s.cm-1	Analysis rate of AN/%)	Phenomenon of experiment
				Example 1	24.7	80.55	Complete demulsification, clear water phase and obvious oil-water separation
Example 2	23.3	81.43	Complete demulsification, clear water phase and obvious oil-water separation
				Example 3	25.1	82.94	Complete demulsification, clear water phase and obvious oil-water separation
Comparative example 1	3.6	26.53	Incomplete demulsification and massive explosives
				Comparative example 2	17.9	61.47	The oil and water are separated clearly, but the lower water phase is not clear enough

As can be seen from table 1, the demulsifier of the present application has a better demulsification effect than the conventional demulsifier, and on one hand, the demulsifier of the present application is prepared by graft copolymerization of chitosan, epoxybutene and acrylic acid, so that an interface film protected by charges is more easily damaged, and a better demulsification effect is achieved; in addition, the heating circulating device designed by the application can ensure the temperature maintenance in the demulsification process, thereby achieving the purpose of further improving the demulsification effect.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.