阅读说明：本技术 一种可降解环保高分子复合材料及其生产工艺 (Degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material and production process thereof ) 是由 梁敬仁 于 2021-08-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及可降解材料技术领域,且公开了一种可降解环保高分子复合材料及其生产工艺,包括以下原料构成：植物淀粉15-18份、秸秆25-30份、PBAT5-10份、聚乳酸2-4份、成核剂0.5-2份、无机填料10-18份、玻璃纤维7-11份、聚乙烯20-30份、氢氧化钠0.8-1.2份、硬脂酸钙4-6份和环氧大豆油4-7份。该种可降解环保高分子复合材料及其生产工艺,通过其内部加入植物淀粉、秸秆和PBAT等各种原料进行复配,从而使得该复合材料具有较为优异的可降解性,在该复合材料丢弃后,短时间内能够有效的进行降解,给环境治理减轻负担,同时减少城市治理的成本,避免大量的一次性餐具对环境造成过度污染。(The invention relates to the technical field of degradable materials, and discloses a degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material and a production process thereof, wherein the degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material comprises the following raw materials: 15-18 parts of plant starch, 25-30 parts of straw, 25-10 parts of PBAT5, 2-4 parts of polylactic acid, 0.5-2 parts of nucleating agent, 10-18 parts of inorganic filler, 7-11 parts of glass fiber, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 4-6 parts of calcium stearate and 4-7 parts of epoxidized soybean oil. This kind of degradable environmental protection polymer composite and production technology thereof is through its inside various raw materials such as plant starch, straw and PBAT of adding carry out the complex formulation to make this composite have comparatively excellent degradability, abandon the back at this composite, can effectually degrade in the short time, administer the cost that alleviates the burden for the environment, reduce the city simultaneously and administer, avoid a large amount of disposable tableware to cause excessive pollution to the environment.)

1. The degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: 15-18 parts of plant starch, 25-30 parts of straw, 25-10 parts of PBAT5, 2-4 parts of polylactic acid, 0.5-2 parts of nucleating agent, 10-18 parts of inorganic filler, 7-11 parts of glass fiber, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 4-6 parts of calcium stearate and 4-7 parts of epoxidized soybean oil.

2. The degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the plant starch is at least one of cassava starch, potato starch and barley starch, and the polylactic acid is maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid.

3. The degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the straws comprise at least one of rape straws and corn straws, and the inorganic filler is at least one of calcium carbonate, talcum powder, montmorillonite and silicon dioxide.

4. The degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material according to claim 3, wherein: the nucleating agent is at least one of TMP-6, sodium succinate and adipic acid, and the PBAT is a copolymer of butanediol adipate and butanediol terephthalate.

5. The production process of the degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing sodium hydroxide and water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2-3%, cutting a straw section with the length of 4-6cm, soaking the straw section into the prepared sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 35-40 ℃, soaking for 6-9h, and ventilating and airing for 24-30h at normal temperature after soaking;

step two: introducing the soaked straw sections into a high-speed shearing machine, controlling the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing machine to be 480-;

step three: mixing and stirring PBAT and polylactic acid in a stirrer, adding inorganic filler, plant starch, nucleating agent and calcium stearate after uniformly mixing, and obtaining a mixture after uniformly mixing;

step four: introducing polyethylene into a reaction kettle, heating to 120-;

step five: introducing the mixture prepared in the fourth step into an extruder, simultaneously adding glass fiber and the straw crushing product prepared in the second step into the extruder, and performing melt granulation to obtain a degradable tableware material;

step six: and (4) introducing the degradable tableware material prepared in the fifth step into an injection mold, coating the degradable material for tableware with the epoxidized soybean oil, performing injection molding to promote the epoxidized soybean oil to perform surface modification on the degradable material for tableware, and preparing the surface-modified degradable material tableware after injection molding.

6. The production process of the degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the third step, the mixing temperature of PBAT and polylactic acid is 70-100 ℃, and the stirring time is 6-15 min.

7. The production process of the degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: and in the sixth step, epoxidized soybean oil and the degradable material are used for co-injection molding, and the epoxidized soybean oil is coated on the surface of the degradable material in a high-temperature fluid state, so that the epoxidized soybean oil can be effectively dissolved on the surface of the degradable material to form a layer of liquid film, and the grease component in the beeswax paste is combined with loose and porous straw powder in the degradable material under the action of high temperature, so that the interior of the degradable material has antibacterial and waterproof effects.

8. The production process of the degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the mixing and stirring in the third step needs 30-40min, and the subsequent stirring needs 40-60 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of degradable materials, in particular to a degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material and a production process thereof.

Background

Along with the continuous progress of society, environmental problem is more and more paid attention to by people, along with the continuous development of science and technology degradable material gradually walks into people's field of vision, degradable material's advantage lies in, after a period of time, if can degrade automatically not using, the problem that present material needs longer time to degrade has been solved to this kind of material, and the time of partial material degradation needs many years, its appearance has reduced the cost of urban treatment, and its inside composition is friendly to the environment, has slowed down the burden that causes the environment.

With the continuous development of society, the network ordering, taking out and delivering are convenient and fast, so that the customers can not get out of the house when having meals, and the customers are increasingly favored; in addition, consumers can directly pack and take away the food from the dining room as required to meet different actual requirements of people, however, the convenience is provided, and meanwhile, a series of problems are brought about, the using amount and the discarding amount of disposable tableware are greatly increased, the environmental pollution is caused, and the cost of urban management is increased; meanwhile, the disposable tableware in the prior art has poor physical and chemical properties, is inconvenient to use and brings adverse effects on human health.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material and a production process thereof, which can effectively degrade, avoid the problem of environmental pollution caused by discarding, have better physical and chemical properties, improve the advantages and solve the problems in the background art.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: a degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material comprises the following raw materials: 15-18 parts of plant starch, 25-30 parts of straw, 25-10 parts of PBAT5, 2-4 parts of polylactic acid, 0.5-2 parts of nucleating agent, 10-18 parts of inorganic filler, 7-11 parts of glass fiber, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 4-6 parts of calcium stearate and 4-7 parts of epoxidized soybean oil.

Preferably, the plant starch is at least one of tapioca starch, potato starch and barley starch, and the polylactic acid is maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid.

Preferably, the straws comprise at least one of rape straws and corn straws, and the inorganic filler is at least one of calcium carbonate, talcum powder, montmorillonite and silicon dioxide.

Preferably, the nucleating agent is at least one of TMP-6, sodium succinate and adipic acid, and the PBAT is a copolymer of butylene adipate and butylene terephthalate.

A production process of a degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing sodium hydroxide and water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2-3%, cutting a straw section with the length of 4-6cm, soaking the straw section into the prepared sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 35-40 ℃, soaking for 6-9h, and ventilating and airing for 24-30h at normal temperature after soaking;

step two: introducing the soaked straw sections into a high-speed shearing machine, controlling the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing machine to be 480-;

step three: mixing and stirring PBAT and polylactic acid in a stirrer, adding inorganic filler, plant starch, nucleating agent and calcium stearate after uniformly mixing, and obtaining a mixture after uniformly mixing;

step four: introducing polyethylene into a reaction kettle, heating to 120-;

step five: introducing the mixture prepared in the fourth step into an extruder, simultaneously adding glass fiber and the straw crushed product prepared in the second step into the extruder, and performing melt granulation to obtain a degradable tableware material;

step six: and (4) introducing the degradable tableware material prepared in the step five into an injection mold, coating the degradable material for tableware with the epoxidized soybean oil, performing injection molding to promote the epoxidized soybean oil to perform surface modification on the degradable material for tableware, and preparing the surface-modified degradable material tableware after injection molding.

Preferably, in the third step, the mixing temperature of the PBAT and the polylactic acid is 70-100 ℃, and the stirring time is 6-15 min.

Preferably, in the sixth step, epoxidized soybean oil and the degradable material are used for co-injection molding, and the epoxidized soybean oil is coated on the surface of the degradable material in a high-temperature fluid state, so that the epoxidized soybean oil can be effectively dissolved on the surface of the degradable material to form a layer of liquid film, and the grease component in the bee wax ointment is combined with loose and porous straw powder in the degradable material under the action of high temperature, so that the interior of the degradable material has antibacterial and waterproof effects.

Preferably, the mixing and stirring in the third step needs 30-40min, and the subsequent stirring needs 40-60 min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. this kind of degradable environmental protection polymer composite and production technology thereof through its inside plant starch that adds, various raw materials such as straw and PBAT are compounded, thereby make this combined material have comparatively excellent degradability, after using, this combined material abandons the back, can effectually degrade in the short time, administer the burden for the environment and alleviate, reduce the cost that the city was administered simultaneously, avoid a large amount of disposable tableware to cause excessive pollution to the environment, make this combined material accord with present market needs more.

2. The degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material and the production process thereof have the advantages that the plant starch has good biodegradability, is environment-friendly and has good mechanical strength, the straw is adopted, the degradable material is a large-amount and cheap substance, the degradable material is convenient to obtain, the cost of the degradable material for tableware is effectively reduced, the composite material has good physical and chemical properties through the combined proportioning of other components, the heat resistance, corrosion resistance and water resistance of the composite material are excellent, the service life of the composite material in actual use is effectively prolonged, the composite material can be effectively prevented from being discarded in large quantity, the toughness is good, the material is easy to degrade, the environment-friendly effect is realized, the pollution to the environment and the harm to a human body are reduced, and the preparation method of the composite material is simple and convenient to operate, easy control, high production efficiency and contribution to industrial mass production.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material and a production process thereof comprise the following raw materials: 15-18 parts of plant starch, 25-30 parts of straw, 25-10 parts of PBAT5, 2-4 parts of polylactic acid, 0.5-2 parts of nucleating agent, 10-18 parts of inorganic filler, 7-11 parts of glass fiber, 20-30 parts of polyethylene, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 4-6 parts of calcium stearate and 4-7 parts of epoxidized soybean oil.

Wherein the plant starch is at least one of tapioca starch, potato starch and barley starch, and the polylactic acid is maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid.

Wherein the straw comprises at least one of rape straw and corn straw, and the inorganic filler is at least one of calcium carbonate, talcum powder, montmorillonite and silicon dioxide.

Wherein the nucleating agent is at least one of TMP-6, sodium succinate and adipic acid, and the PBAT is a copolymer of butanediol adipate and butanediol terephthalate.

Wherein, add various raw materials such as plant starch, straw and PBAT through its inside and carry out the complex formulation to make this combined material have comparatively excellent degradability, after using, this combined material abandons the back, can effectually degrade in the short time, administers for the environment and alleviates the burden, reduces the cost of city management simultaneously, avoids a large amount of disposable tableware to cause excessive pollution to the environment, makes this combined material more add to accord with the market needs at present.

A production process of a degradable environment-friendly polymer composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing sodium hydroxide and water to prepare a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2-3%, cutting a straw section with the length of 4-6cm, soaking the straw section into the prepared sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 35-40 ℃, soaking for 6-9h, and ventilating and airing for 24-30h at normal temperature after soaking;

step two: introducing the soaked straw sections into a high-speed shearing machine, controlling the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing machine to be 480-;

step three: mixing and stirring PBAT and polylactic acid in a stirrer, adding inorganic filler, plant starch, nucleating agent and calcium stearate after uniformly mixing, and obtaining a mixture after uniformly mixing;

step four: introducing polyethylene into a reaction kettle, heating to 120-;

step five: introducing the mixture prepared in the fourth step into an extruder, simultaneously adding glass fiber and the straw crushed product prepared in the second step into the extruder, and performing melt granulation to obtain a degradable tableware material;

step six: and (4) introducing the degradable tableware material prepared in the step five into an injection mold, coating the degradable material for tableware with the epoxidized soybean oil, performing injection molding to promote the epoxidized soybean oil to perform surface modification on the degradable material for tableware, and preparing the surface-modified degradable material tableware after injection molding.

The degradable material for tableware is prepared by mixing plant starch, straw and water, wherein the plant starch has good biodegradability, is environment-friendly and has good mechanical strength, and the straw is adopted because the plant starch is a large and cheap substance, so that the degradable material is convenient to obtain, and the cost of the degradable material for tableware is effectively reduced.

The composite material has good physical and chemical properties and excellent heat resistance, corrosion resistance and water resistance, and the service time of the composite material in actual use is effectively prolonged.

Wherein, in the third step, the mixing temperature of PBAT and polylactic acid is 70-100 ℃, and the stirring time is 6-15 min.

And in the sixth step, the epoxidized soybean oil and the degradable material are used for injection molding together, and the epoxidized soybean oil is coated on the surface of the degradable material in a high-temperature fluid state, so that the epoxidized soybean oil can be effectively dissolved on the surface of the degradable material to form a layer of liquid film, and the grease component in the beeswax paste is combined with the loose and porous straw powder in the degradable material under the action of high temperature, so that the interior of the degradable material has antibacterial and waterproof effects.

Wherein, the mixing and stirring in the third step needs 30-40min, and the subsequent stirring needs 40-60 min.

The preparation method of the composite material is simple and convenient to operate, easy to control, high in production efficiency and beneficial to industrial mass production.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.