阅读说明：本技术 一种提取分离蕨藻红素的方法 (Method for extracting and separating pterosin ) 是由 邓建朝 杨贤庆 李来好 陈胜军 吴燕燕 荣辉 戚勃 胡晓 岑剑伟 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于天然药物的提取技术领域,具体涉及一种提取分离蕨藻红素的方法,为提供一种能制备高纯度蕨藻红素且提取、分离过程简洁的方法,本发明先用乙醇/水溶液对藻类植物进行微波热浸提取,浓缩得到浸膏后通过层析富集得到蕨藻红素,本发明方法提取效率高、方便、经济、快捷,且操作简单,所提取得到的蕨藻红素产品纯度高,纯度为90±5％,无需用高成本的高效液相制备色谱法进行再纯化,提取、萃取、柱层析等步骤中的溶剂都可以回收再利用,如此消耗溶剂少,大大的节约了生产成本。(The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of natural medicines, and particularly relates to a method for extracting and separating pterosin, which aims to provide a method capable of preparing high-purity pterosin with simple extraction and separation processes.)

1. The method for extracting and separating the pterosin is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, carrying out microwave hot-dip extraction on the algae by adopting an ethanol/water solution, and evaporating the obtained extracting solution to obtain a sample extract a;

s2, carrying out chromatography on the sample extract a obtained in the step S1, and enriching to obtain the dunalidin.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the algae comprises Botryococcus.

3. The method for extracting and separating fernalin according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the microwave hot dipping extraction is 60-70 ℃, and the microwave power is 700-900W.

4. The method for extracting and separating pterosin according to claim 1, wherein the ethanol/water solution is an ethanol/water solution with a concentration of 70-90% by volume of ethanol.

5. The method for extracting and separating fernalin according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the algae to the ethanol/water solution is 1 (10-20).

6. The method for extracting and separating the pterosin according to claim 1, wherein the chromatography is silica gel column chromatography.

7. The method for extracting and separating fernalin according to claim 1, wherein the sample extract a is prepared by mixing methanol/water solution to viscous state, adding silica gel, stirring, and volatilizing to dry before chromatography.

8. The method for extracting and separating pterosin according to claim 7, wherein the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the methanol/water solution is 1: (1.5-3), wherein the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the silica gel is (1-1.5): 1.

9. the method for extracting and separating pterosin according to claim 1, wherein the chromatography is carried out by isocratic elution using 80% methanol/water as a mobile phase.

10. The method for extracting and separating pterosin according to claim 9, wherein the elution process is followed by an ultraviolet detector, and the collected fraction is analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography under the following chromatographic conditions: c18 column, 250mm × 4.6mm (i.d.), 5 μm; mobile phase: methanol-water (80:20, V/V); flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength: 315 nm; column temperature: 30 ℃; sample introduction volume: 10 mu L of the solution; collecting 315nm absorption peak, concentrating, analyzing by high performance liquid chromatography, and determining purity by peak area normalization method.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of natural medicines, and particularly relates to a method for extracting and separating pterosin.

Background

Fernalin (Caulerpin) is an indole alkaloid widely present in algae. The pterosin is orange red cubic crystal with melting point of 319-319.5 deg.C and stoichiometric formula of C₂₄H₁₈N_2O4. The fernalin has various remarkable biological activities, and reportedly has the effects of remarkably promoting plant growth, delaying flower senescence and fruit ripening, competitively inhibiting growth hormone, herbicide, weed removing agent and the like. Meanwhile, reports show that the pterosin also has better antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. In addition, researches show that the fernalin can inhibit the corrosion of low-carbon steel at a low-carbon steel/acid extraction interface, and show that the fernalin can be used as a potential green anticorrosive material. Therefore, the pterosin has wide application prospect.

At present, solvent extraction, multiple solvent recrystallization, Soxhlet extraction and the like are mostly adopted as extraction methods of the pterosin. However, the above conventional extraction methods generally have the disadvantages of low extraction efficiency, complicated operation, large solvent consumption, long time consumption, serious pollution, etc.

Therefore, it is very necessary to provide a method for preparing high-purity kaempferol with simple extraction and separation process.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for extracting and separating the pterosin, the method has simple process, and the extracted pterosin product has high purity.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the invention provides a method for extracting and separating pterosin, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, carrying out microwave hot-dip extraction on the algae by adopting an ethanol/water solution, and evaporating the obtained extracting solution to obtain a sample extract a;

s2, carrying out chromatography on the sample extract a obtained in the step S1, and enriching to obtain the dunalidin.

Preferably, the algal plant includes, but is not limited to, Botryococcus. The botryococcus contains rich ferdinin, and at present, a fresh method can separate and purify the ferdinin from the botryococcus.

Preferably, the temperature of the microwave hot dipping extraction is 60-70 ℃, and the microwave power is 700-900W.

Preferably, the ethanol/water solution is ethanol/water solution with ethanol concentration of 70-90% by volume. Further, the ethanol/water solution is an ethanol/water solution with the ethanol concentration of 80% by volume.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the algae to the ethanol/water solution is 1 (10-20). Further, the weight ratio of the algae to the ethanol/water solution is 1: 15.

Preferably, the algal plant has less than 5 wt% moisture.

Preferably, the algae plants are first crushed into powder (70-90 mesh) before microwave hot-dip extraction.

Preferably, the microwave hot-dipping extraction is performed not less than twice, each time for not less than 30 min.

Preferably, the evaporation is rotary evaporation, the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the vacuum pressure is 0.07-0.09 MPa, and the rotating speed is 90-100 r/min.

Preferably, the chromatography is silica gel column chromatography.

Preferably, the sample extract a is firstly mixed with methanol/water solution to be viscous before chromatography, then silica gel is added, stirred uniformly and volatilized to be dry.

More preferably, the methanol/water solution is a methanol/water solution with a concentration of 70-90% by volume. Further, the methanol/water solution is 80% methanol/water solution by volume percentage.

More preferably, the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the methanol/water solution is 1: (1.5-3), wherein the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the silica gel is (1-1.5): 1. further, the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the methanol/water solution is 1:2, the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the silica gel is 1.2: 1.

preferably, the chromatography is performed isocratic elution using 80% methanol/water solution as the mobile phase.

More preferably, the elution process is followed by an ultraviolet detector, and the collected fraction is analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography under the chromatographic conditions of the column: c18 column, 250mm × 4.6mm (i.d.), 5 μm; mobile phase: methanol-water (80:20, V/V); flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength: 315 nm; column temperature: 30 ℃; sample introduction volume: 10 mu L of the solution; collecting 315nm absorption peak, concentrating, analyzing by high performance liquid chromatography, and determining purity by peak area normalization method.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a method for extracting and separating fern phycoerythrin, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out microwave hot-dipping extraction on algae plants by using ethanol/water solution, concentrating to obtain extract, and then carrying out chromatography enrichment to obtain the fern phycoerythrin. The invention has the following advantages:

(1) the extract obtained by concentration is subjected to simple column chromatography separation for two times to obtain the required product, and the process is simple;

(2) the separation and extraction process is simple, the required period is short, and the solvents for adjusting the polarity are few in types and easy to purchase;

(3) the solvent in the steps of extraction, column chromatography and the like can be recycled, so that the solvent consumption is low, and the production cost is greatly saved;

(4) the separated fernalin product has high purity of 90 +/-5%, and needs no high-cost high performance liquid chromatography for re-purification;

(5) the method has the advantages of high extraction efficiency, convenience, economy, rapidness and simple operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of UV absorption signals after chromatographic separation of dunaligenin;

FIG. 2 shows the production of dunaligenin¹³A C-NMR spectrum;

FIG. 3 shows the production of dunaligenin¹An H-NMR spectrum;

FIG. 4 is a UV spectrum of fernalin;

FIG. 5 is an infrared spectrum of fernalin;

FIG. 6 is a positive ion mode mass spectrum of fernalin;

FIG. 7 is a mass spectrum of negative ion mode of fernalin.

Detailed Description

The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The experimental procedures in the following examples were carried out by conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the test materials used in the following examples were commercially available by conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Example 1A method for extracting and separating Caulerpin from Botryococcus

The method comprises the following steps:

(1) extraction and concentration of Botryococcus

Weighing 50g of Botryococcus (water content is less than 5 wt%), crushing by a crusher, sieving the sample powder by a 80-mesh sieve, adding 80% ethanol/water solution according to the weight ratio of 1:15 to carry out microwave hot-dip extraction on the sample powder, wherein the water bath temperature of the extraction is 65 ℃, the microwave power is 800W, and the extraction is carried out for 2 times and 30 minutes each time; filtering, mixing the extractive solutions, concentrating by rotary evaporation with rotary evaporator to remove ethanol/water solution, evaporating at 55 deg.C and vacuum pressure of 0.08MPa at 95r/min to obtain 0.25g of sample extract a.

(2) Silica gel column chromatography

Filling a 13X 110cm glass chromatographic column with 2175g of 46-60 mu m C18 reverse silica gel, infiltrating the silica gel with a mobile phase, filling the column, and dissolving and demodulating a sample extract a into a viscous state with 80% methanol/water solution, wherein the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the 80% methanol/water solution is 1:2, adding 100-mesh silica gel, wherein the weight ratio of the silica gel to the sample extract a is 1: 1.2, uniformly stirring, volatilizing to dry in a well-ventilated place, uniformly adding a small amount of the mixture into a glass chromatographic column for multiple times, covering cotton about 4-6 cm, compacting by using a heavy object, performing isocratic elution by using 80% methanol/water solution as a mobile phase, performing information acquisition by using an ultraviolet detector, setting the wavelength to be 315nm for acquisition, tracking by using the ultraviolet detector in the ultraviolet elution process, wherein the ultraviolet absorption signal of the pterosin is shown in figure 1, and the second peak in the figure is the collected pterosin. The purity of the collected fernalin sample is tracked by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. The chromatographic conditions are chromatographic column: c18 column, 250mm × 4.6mm (i.d.), 5 μm; mobile phase: methanol-water (80:20, V/V); flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength: 315 nm; column temperature: 30 ℃; sample introduction volume: 10 μ L. Collecting 315nm absorption peak for concentration, and adopting high performance liquid chromatography for analysis, and determining the purity by peak area normalization method [ the specific method refers to 'Hetianyu, Lily, Xushuangshu, etc.. Puerarin standard sample development, analytical instrument, 2018,2: 82-89' ], determining the purity of the extracted sample to be 95.64%.

Extracting to obtain pteridium aquilinum¹³C-NMR spectrum and¹H-NMR spectrum analysis. As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and Table 1, the carbon spectrum of fernalin shows only 12 carbon atoms, which is half of the carbon number in the molecular formula, indicating that fernalin is a symmetric molecule with a C in its space group₂An axis of symmetry.

And carrying out ultraviolet spectrum analysis on the extracted pterosin. As shown in FIG. 4, the absorption peaks of the dunaligenin at 220nm, 270nm, 290nm and 318nm, respectively, are compared with the UV absorption wavelength data in the documents [ 1) A.S.R.Anjaneyuu C.V.S.Prakash, U.V.Malladhanani pages.two callerpin analogy and a second quinerpene from Caulerpa racemosa Phytochemistry [ J ].1991,30(9): 3041-3042- (2) Aguilar-Santos G.Caulerpin, and an ew recording from green algaase soft gene Caulerpa. journal Chemical Society, 1970- (846): 843 ] 842.

And carrying out infrared spectrum analysis on the extracted fernalin. As shown in FIG. 5, infrared spectra 1687(S) and 1263(S) indicate conjugated carboxylmethyl ester functional groups. Infrared spectrum 3381cm^-1Single peak and 1263cm^-1A strong absorption peak indicates the presence of a secondary amine, of which 3383cm^-1Is a V_N-H，1265cm^-1Is a V_C-N，1687cm(V_C＝O) Indicating the presence of a carbonyl group, 1057cm^-1Is the sum of the values of Vs,_C-O-C. The infrared spectrum absorption wavelength data and the structural analysis of literature [ 1 ] luyang, luduo, zheng qi, etc. [ J ] pterin (Caulerpin)]Structural chemistry, 1994,13(6): 472-.

And (4) carrying out positive ion mode mass spectrometry on the extracted fernalin. As shown in fig. 6, M/z is 399.2[ M + H ═ M]⁺；m/z＝421.2[M+Na]⁺，m/z＝437.1[M+K]⁺The molecular mass of the fernalin standard sample is deduced to be 398.2.

The pteridium aquilinum can be confirmed to be the pteridium aquilinum by combining the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, the infrared spectrum, the ultraviolet spectrum and the mass spectrum analysis.

And (4) carrying out negative ion mode mass spectrometry on the extracted fernalin. As shown in fig. 7, M/z is 397.0[ M-H ═ M]^-The molecular mass of the fernalin standard sample is deduced to be 398.0.

TABLE 1 NMR carbon and hydrogen spectra data for fernalin (deuterated solvent DMSO-d)₆)

Note: the documents in the tables refer to: structural analysis of Caulerpin (Caulerpin) by Luyang, Luduo, Zhengqintai, et al [ J ]. structural chemistry, 1994,13(6): 472-.

Example 2A method for extracting and separating Caulerpin from Botryococcus

The method comprises the following steps:

(1) extraction and concentration of Botryococcus

Weighing 50g of Botryococcus (water content is less than 5 wt%), crushing by a crusher, sieving the sample powder by a 70-mesh sieve, adding 70% ethanol/water solution according to the weight ratio of 1:10 to carry out microwave hot-dip extraction on the sample powder, wherein the water bath temperature of the extraction is 60 ℃, the microwave power is 700W, and the extraction is carried out for 2 times and 30 minutes each time; filtering, mixing the extractive solutions, concentrating by rotary evaporation with rotary evaporator to remove ethanol/water solution, evaporating at 50 deg.C and vacuum pressure of 0.07MPa at rotation speed of 90r/min to obtain 0.25g of sample extract a.

(2) Silica gel column chromatography

Filling a 13X 110cm glass chromatographic column with 2175g of 46-60 mu m C18 reverse silica gel, infiltrating the silica gel with a mobile phase, filling the column, and dissolving and demodulating a sample extract a into a viscous state with 70% methanol/water solution, wherein the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the 70% methanol/water solution is 1: 1.5, adding 100-mesh silica gel, wherein the weight ratio of the silica gel to the sample extract a is 1:1, uniformly stirring, volatilizing to dry at a well ventilated position, uniformly adding a small amount of the mixture into a glass chromatographic column for multiple times, covering cotton about 4-6 cm, compacting by using a heavy object, performing isocratic elution by using 70% methanol/water solution as a mobile phase, performing information acquisition by using an ultraviolet detector, setting the wavelength to be 315nm for acquisition, and tracking by using the ultraviolet detector in the ultraviolet elution process. The purity of the collected fernalin sample is tracked by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. The chromatographic conditions are chromatographic column: c18 column, 250mm × 4.6mm (i.d.), 5 μm; mobile phase: methanol-water (80:20, V/V); flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength: 315 nm; column temperature: 30 ℃; sample introduction volume: 10 μ L. Collecting 315nm absorption peak for concentration, and adopting high performance liquid chromatography for analysis, and determining the purity by peak area normalization method [ the specific method refers to 'Hetianyu, Lily, Xushuangshu, etc.. Puerarin standard sample development, analytical instrument, 2018,2: 82-89', and determining the purity of the extracted sample to be 94.63%.

The extracted sample is analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, infrared spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum and mass spectrum (the analysis result is the same as or similar to that of the example 1), and the extracted sample is confirmed to be the pterosin.

Example 3A method for extracting and separating Caulerpin from Botryococcus

The method comprises the following steps:

(1) extraction and concentration of Botryococcus

Weighing 50g of Botryococcus (water content is less than 5 wt%), crushing by a crusher, sieving the sample powder by a 90-mesh sieve, adding 90% ethanol/water solution according to the weight ratio of 1:20, and performing microwave hot-dip extraction on the sample powder for 2 times (each time for 30 minutes) with the water bath temperature of 70 ℃ and the microwave power of 900W; filtering, mixing the extractive solutions, concentrating by rotary evaporation with rotary evaporator to remove ethanol/water solution, evaporating at 60 deg.C and vacuum pressure of 0.09MPa at 100r/min to obtain 0.25g of sample extract a.

(2) Silica gel column chromatography

Filling a 13X 110cm glass chromatographic column with 2175g of 46-60 mu m C18 reverse silica gel, infiltrating the silica gel with a mobile phase and filling the column, and dissolving and demodulating a sample extract a into a viscous state with 90% methanol/water solution, wherein the weight ratio of the sample extract a to the 90% methanol/water solution is 1: 3, adding 100-mesh silica gel, wherein the weight ratio of the silica gel to the sample extract a is 1: 1.5, uniformly stirring, volatilizing to dry at a well ventilated part, uniformly adding a small amount of the mixture into a glass chromatographic column for multiple times, covering cotton about 4-6 cm, compacting by using a heavy object, performing isocratic elution by using 90% methanol/water solution as a mobile phase, performing information acquisition by using an ultraviolet detector, setting the wavelength to be 315nm for acquisition, and tracking by using the ultraviolet detector in the ultraviolet elution process. The purity of the collected fernalin sample is tracked by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. The chromatographic conditions are chromatographic column: c18 column, 250mm × 4.6mm (i.d.), 5 μm; mobile phase: methanol-water (80:20, V/V); flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength: 315 nm; column temperature: 30 ℃; sample introduction volume: 10 μ L. Collecting 315nm absorption peak for concentration, and adopting high performance liquid chromatography for analysis, and determining the purity by peak area normalization method [ the specific method refers to 'Hetianyu, Lily, Xushuangshu, etc.. Puerarin standard sample development, analytical instrument, 2018,2: 82-89', and determining the purity of the extracted sample to be 94.65%.

The extracted sample is analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, infrared spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum and mass spectrum (the analysis result is the same as or similar to that of the example 1), and the extracted sample is confirmed to be the pterosin.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.