阅读说明：本技术 一种狭小空间内的内饰布局方法及操纵系统 (Interior layout method and control system in narrow space ) 是由 肖利伟 王硕 刘跃吉 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种狭小空间内的内饰布局方法及操纵系统,布局方法具体为：以歇脚板作为布局原点,确定座椅的位置；依据座椅的位置确定扶手箱和操纵手柄的位置；再确定行走脚踏的位置；根据行走脚踏前后旋转行程设计行走操纵杆的位置；确定功能次手柄和按键及操作面板的位置；确定显示装置的位置；确定空调蒸发器系统的布局。该系统包括座椅、扶手箱、操纵手柄、行走脚踏、行走操纵杆、歇脚板、功能次手柄、显示装置、空调蒸发系统、按键及操作面板。本发明解决了现有技术中驾驶空间利用率不高、布局不合理、舒适性差的问题。(The invention discloses an interior trim layout method and a control system in a narrow space, wherein the layout method specifically comprises the following steps: determining the position of the seat by taking the footrest as a layout origin; determining the positions of the armrest box and the operating handle according to the position of the seat; then determining the position of the walking pedals; designing the position of a walking control lever according to the forward and backward rotation strokes of a walking pedal; determining the positions of the functional secondary handle, the keys and the operation panel; determining a position of a display device; a layout of an air conditioning evaporator system is determined. The system comprises a seat, an armrest box, a control handle, a walking pedal, a walking control rod, a foot rest plate, a functional secondary handle, a display device, an air-conditioning evaporation system, keys and an operation panel. The invention solves the problems of low utilization rate of driving space, unreasonable layout and poor comfort in the prior art.)

1. An interior layout method in a narrow space is characterized by comprising the following steps:

determining the position of the seat (1) by taking the footrest (6) as a layout origin;

determining the positions of the armrest box (2) and the operating handle (3) according to the position of the seat (1);

determining the position of the walking pedals (4);

designing the position of a walking control lever (5) according to the front-back rotation stroke of the walking pedals (4);

determining the positions of the functional secondary handle (7), the keys and the operation panel (11);

determining the position of the display device (8);

a layout of an air conditioning evaporator system is determined.

2. The interior trim layout method in a narrow space according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for determining the position of the seat (1) by using the footrest (6) as the layout origin comprises:

matching a 95-percentile human body (17) according to the position of the foot rest plate (6), and determining the positions of the 95-percentile human body butt points (20);

calculating the comfortable position of a 95-percentile human body H point (18) according to the position of the hammer point (20) and the angle of the ankle angle;

and confirming the position of the seat (1) based on the analysis of the motion trail of the seat SIP point, wherein the motion trail of the seat SIP point can cover the position of the H point (18).

3. The interior layout method in a narrow space according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for determining the positions of the console box (2) and the operating handle (3) comprises:

the two sides of the seat (1) are respectively provided with an armrest box (2), and a control handle (3) is arranged in front of the armrest box (2) on the left side;

determining the distance between the two armrest boxes (2) based on the position of the seat (1) by taking the size of the 95-percentile human hip as a reference;

a comfortable operating range of the operating handle (3) is calculated based on the distance from the 95-percentile human body H point (18) to the gripping point of the operating handle (3), and the operating handle (3) is arranged in the comfortable operating range.

4. The interior layout method in a small space according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the position of the walking pedals (4) comprises:

based on the motion trail of the SIP point of the seat, matching is carried out according to the size of a 95-percentile human body, and effective spaces of the legs of the walking pedals (4) at the forefront and the last two extreme positions are reserved, so that the positions of the walking pedals (4) are determined, wherein the effective spaces refer to the linear distances from the ankle joint points to the point H.

5. The interior layout method in a narrow space according to claim 1, wherein the method for designing the position of the walking stick (5) comprises:

matching driver manipulation reach based on a 95 percentile human body size;

determining the limit position of a walking control lever (5) according to the front-back rotation stroke of the walking pedals (4);

determining the shape of the walking control lever (5) based on the fact that the limit position of the walking control lever (5) needs to fall within the manipulation touch range of a driver;

when the walking pedal (4) is stepped backwards to the limit position, the walking control lever (5) is not interfered with the knee part of the driver; when the walking pedals (4) are stepped on to the limit position, the toes on the walking pedals (4) do not interfere with the front gear structure of the cab.

6. The interior layout method in a small space according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the positions of the functional sub-handle (7) and the keys and the operation panel (11) comprises:

according to the use habit, the functional secondary handle (7) and the keys and the operation panel (11) are arranged on the right hand side;

partitioning the keys on the panel according to the operating frequency of the keys;

according to the operation comfort of the driver, a comfortable operation area and an operation accessible area are determined, the function secondary handle (7) and the keys with high operation frequency are arranged in the comfortable operation area, and the keys with low operation frequency are arranged in the operation accessible area.

7. The interior layout method in a small space according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the position of the display device (8) comprises:

calculating the center position of an eyepoint (16) of a driver according to the SIP point position of the seat;

connecting the center of the eyepoint (16) with the center of the display screen to ensure that the screen surface of the display device (8) is vertical to the connecting line, thereby determining the angle of the display device (8);

the position of the display device (8) is determined according to the turning comfort zone of the driver.

8. The interior trim layout method in a narrow space according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the layout of the air conditioner evaporator system comprises:

an air conditioning evaporator (10) is disposed on the front right side of the seat (1) in view of space restrictions;

in order to reduce the occupied area of the air duct, the air duct is designed above the evaporator, one end of the air duct is connected with an air outlet of the air-conditioning evaporator (10), and the internal cavity structure of the air duct is L-shaped;

an air-conditioning outlet (9) is arranged above the air duct.

9. An interior trim control system in a narrow space is characterized by comprising a seat (1), an armrest box (2), a control handle (3), a walking pedal (4), a walking control rod (5), a foot rest board (6), a functional secondary handle (7), a display device (8), an air conditioner evaporation system, a key and an operation panel (11),

handrail case (2) distribute in seat (1) both sides, the front side of handrail case (2) on the left is connected in control handle (3), function time handle (7) and button and operating panel (11) are located the manipulation region on seat (1) right side, it distributes in the left and right sides of walking control pole (5) to stop foot board (6), walking control pole (5) bottom is connected in walking pedal (4), air conditioner vaporization system is located seat (1) right side.

10. An interior trim control system in a narrow space according to claim 10, characterized in that the footrest plate (6) comprises a support plate (62) and a pedal (61) rotating around the support plate (62), and the support plate (62) is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the control cabin.

11. The interior trim control system in a narrow space according to claim 10, characterized in that the walking pedal (4) comprises a walking valve (43), an adjusting plate (42) and a folding pedal (41), the adjusting plate (42) is used for connecting the walking valve (43), the folding pedal (41) and the walking control rod (5), and the folding pedal (41) is connected with the adjusting plate (42) in an adjustable manner.

12. The interior trim control system in a narrow and small space according to claim 10, characterized in that, air conditioning system includes L die cavity body wind channel (15), air conditioner evaporimeter (10) and is located air conditioner exhaust vent (9) above air conditioner evaporimeter (10), air conditioner evaporimeter (10) air outlet is connected to L die cavity body wind channel one end, L die cavity body wind channel (15) is connected in air conditioner exhaust vent (9).

13. An interior control system in a narrow space, designed using the interior layout method in a narrow space according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an interior layout method and an operation system in a narrow space, and belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery cabs.

Background

The excavator is always a core mainstream product of engineering machinery, the working condition of the excavator is complex and various, and the working environment is relatively severe, so that the operation comfort of a cab determines the user experience of the product to a great extent, and the excavator is also an important embodiment of the product quality and the brand value. However, in the domestic excavator industry, the great visibility of the ergonomic research of the cab is insufficient, and the ergonomic design of the control system in the cab is often limited by the structural space and the technical limitation of matched parts, so that the operation comfort of a driver cannot achieve an ideal result.

Especially small-size, miniature excavator, the driver's cabin space receives structural constraint, can't guarantee the comfortable operating space of driver, and operating system's arrangement often gives step to the design, has seriously influenced user experience. The control system of the excavator is special and comprises a seat control handle and a display system, and also comprises a walking pedal, a walking control rod and two side footrest plates.

The CN201526063U shows an excavator cab, which mainly focuses on the arrangement of slide rails to ensure that the distance between the seat, the armrest box and the pedal in the control system is adjustable in pairs, so as to ensure the control comfort and the activity space of human bodies of different statures, but the specific size range of the driver statures that the distance can be adjusted and satisfied is not proved, and how the layout design of the control system meets the requirements of head space, leg space, hip space and control accessibility of human bodies of different statures is not reflected. The layout of the conventional cab can not be realized by operating the system in a narrow space, and an air conditioner evaporator, an air duct and an interior structure are not combined, so that the space can not be effectively utilized, and the problem of high difficulty in designing the air duct can not be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an interior layout method and an interior layout control system in a narrow space, and solves the problems of low utilization rate of driving space, unreasonable layout and poor comfort in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

an interior layout method in a narrow space comprises the following steps:

determining the position of the seat by taking the footrest as a layout origin;

determining the positions of the armrest box and the operating handle according to the position of the seat;

determining the position of a walking pedal;

designing the position of a walking control lever according to the forward and backward rotation strokes of a walking pedal;

determining the positions of the functional secondary handle, the keys and the operation panel;

determining a position of a display device;

a layout of an air conditioning evaporator system is determined.

Preferably, the specific method for determining the seat position by using the footrest as the layout origin comprises the following steps:

matching a 95-percentile human body according to the position of the foot rest plate, and determining the positions of the butts of the 95-percentile human body;

calculating the comfortable position of the human H point with 95 percent of positions according to the positions of the hammer points and the angle of the ankle angle;

and confirming the position of the seat based on the analysis of the motion trail of the seat SIP point, wherein the motion trail of the seat SIP point can cover the position of the H point.

Preferably, the specific method for determining the positions of the armrest box and the operating handle comprises the following steps:

the two sides of the seat are respectively provided with an armrest box, and the front of the armrest box on the left side is provided with an operating handle;

determining the distance between the two armrest boxes by taking the hip size of a 95-percentile human body as a reference based on the position of the seat;

the manipulation comfort range of the manipulation handle, within which the manipulation handle 3 is arranged, is found by calculation based on the distance from the 95 th percentile human body H point to the grip point of the manipulation handle.

Preferably, the method for determining the position of the walking pedals comprises the following steps:

based on the movement track of the SIP point of the seat, the matching is carried out according to the size of a 95-percentile human body, and effective spaces of the legs of the walking pedals at the forefront and the last two extreme positions are reserved, so that the positions of the walking pedals are determined, and the effective spaces refer to the linear distance from the ankle joint point to the H point.

Preferably, the method for designing the position of the walking stick comprises the following steps:

matching driver manipulation reach based on a 95 percentile human body size; determining the limit position of a walking control lever according to the forward and backward rotation strokes of a walking pedal; determining the shape of the walking joystick based on the fact that the limit position of the walking joystick needs to fall within the manipulation touch range of a driver; when the walking pedal is stepped backwards to the limit position, the walking control lever does not interfere with the knee part of the driver; when the walking pedals are stepped on to the limit position, the toes on the walking pedals do not interfere with the front gear structure of the cab.

Preferably, the method for determining the positions of the functional sub-handle, the keys and the operation panel comprises the following steps:

arranging a functional secondary handle, keys and an operation panel on the right hand side according to the use habit;

partitioning the keys on the panel according to the operating frequency of the keys;

the comfortable operation area and the operation accessible area are determined according to the operation comfort of the driver, the function secondary handle 7 and the keys with high operation frequency are arranged in the comfortable operation area, and the keys with low operation frequency are arranged in the operation accessible area.

Preferably, the method for determining the position of the display device comprises the following steps:

calculating the center position of an eyepoint of a driver according to the position of an SIP point of a seat;

connecting the center of the eyepoint with the center of the display screen to ensure that the screen surface of the display device is vertical to the connecting line, thereby determining the angle of the display device;

the position of the display device is determined according to the turning comfort zone of the driver.

Preferably, the step of determining the layout of the air conditioner evaporator system comprises:

arranging an air conditioning evaporator on a seat right front side in view of space restrictions;

in order to reduce the occupied area of the air duct, the air duct is designed above the evaporator, one end of the air duct is connected with an air outlet of the air-conditioning evaporator, and the internal cavity structure of the air duct is L-shaped;

and arranging an air outlet of the air conditioner above the air duct.

An interior trim control system in a narrow space comprises a seat, an armrest box, a control handle, a walking pedal, a walking control rod, a foot rest plate, a functional secondary handle, a display device, an air conditioner evaporation system, keys and an operation panel,

the armrest boxes are distributed on two sides of the seat, the control handle is connected with the front side of the left armrest box, the functional secondary handle, the keys and the operation panel are positioned in the control area on the right side of the seat, the foot rest boards are distributed on the left side and the right side of the walking control rod, the walking pedals are connected with the bottom end of the walking control rod, and the air-conditioning evaporation system is positioned on the right side of the seat.

Preferably, the footrest comprises a support plate and a pedal rotating around the support plate, and the support plate is detachably connected with the bottom surface of the control cabin.

Preferably, the walking pedal comprises a walking valve, an adjusting plate and a folding pedal, the adjusting plate is used for connecting the walking valve, the folding pedal and the walking control rod, and the folding pedal is connected with the adjusting plate in an adjustable mode.

Preferably, the air conditioning system comprises an L-shaped cavity air duct, an air conditioning evaporator and an air conditioning air outlet hole located above the air conditioning evaporator, one end of the L-shaped cavity air duct is connected with an air outlet of the air conditioning evaporator, and the air conditioning air outlet hole is connected with the L-shaped cavity air duct.

An interior decoration control system in a narrow space is designed by using the interior decoration layout method in the narrow space.

The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:

(1) in a narrow cab space of the small excavator, a safe, comfortable, efficient and attractive driving system is provided for a driver;

(2) in a narrow cab space, the layout design among main operating devices such as a seat, pedals and a handrail box meets the operating space and operating comfort requirements of drivers of different figures, meets the requirements of head space, leg space, hip space and operating accessibility of the drivers of different figures, and particularly solves the problem of operating comfort of drivers of tall and big figures in the narrow driving space;

(3) in a cab in a narrow space, an L-shaped cavity air duct is designed above an evaporator and is made of interior trim materials, so that the problem that the design of an air outlet is limited due to the use of a pipeline air duct is avoided, and meanwhile, the evaporator and the interior trim are integrated. The L-shaped cavity air duct is directly butted with an air outlet of the evaporator, an integral L-shaped air cavity is formed outside the air outlet, and the air outlet can be designed as required above the L-shaped air cavity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an interior trim handling system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of a toe rest of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view of the structure of the walking pedal of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view of the walking pedal operating position of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an L-shaped cavity body duct of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a 95% human body matching chart of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the layout sequence of the present invention.

The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures: 1-a seat; 2-armrest box; 3-operating a handle; 4-walking and pedaling; 41-folding pedal; 42-an adjusting plate; 43-a walking valve; 5-a walking joystick; 51-a handle; 6-toe rests; 61-a pedal; 62-a support plate; 7-functional secondary handle; 8-a display device; 9-air-conditioning air outlet; 10-air-conditioning evaporator; 11-keys and operation panel; 12-a walking joystick in a front-most position state; 13-a walking joystick in a neutral position state; 14-walking joystick of last position state; 15-L type air duct; 16-eyepoint; 17-95 percentile human body; point 18-H; 19-ankle joint point; 20-heel point.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

The invention relates to an interior operating system, as shown in figure 1, comprising a seat 1, an armrest box 2, an operating handle 3, a walking pedal 4, a walking operating lever 5, a footrest 6, a functional secondary handle 7, a display device 8, an air-conditioning evaporation system, a key and an operating panel 11, wherein the air-conditioning evaporation system comprises an air-conditioning outlet 9 and an air-conditioning evaporator 10. The armrest boxes 2 are distributed on two sides of the seat 1, the operating handle 3 is connected with the front side of the left armrest box 2, the functional secondary handle 7 and the keys and the operating panel 11 are positioned in an operating area on the right side of the seat 1, the footrest plates 6 are distributed on the left side and the right side of the walking operating rod 5, the walking pedals 4 are connected with the bottom end of the walking operating rod 5, and the air-conditioning evaporation system is positioned on the right side of the seat 1.

As shown in fig. 7, the method for laying out interior trims in a narrow driving space according to the present invention includes: firstly, considering that when a driver operates a product for a long time, the feet of the driver are placed on the footrest 6 for most of time, so that the footrest 6 is taken as an initial layout origin, and the SIP point of the seat and the installation position of the seat 1 are calculated according to the position of the footrest 6; the position of the operating handle 3, the design of the armrest box 2, the position of the walking pedals 4, the design of the walking operating lever 5, the positions of the functional sub-handle 7 and the keys and operating panel 11 and the related designs are then determined according to the position of the seat 1.

The specific method for determining the position of the seat 1 according to the position of the footrest 6 is as follows: in order to ensure that the driving space meets the requirements of drivers with different statures on operation comfort, the seat is designed by adopting the 95 percent human body size with a large stature, and the seat 1 covers the human body sizes with short stature and medium stature in the sliding stroke. As shown in fig. 6, firstly, the size of the 95-percentile human body 17 is matched according to the position of the foot rest 6, the position of the 95-percentile human body butt 20 is determined, the comfortable position of the 95-percentile human body H18 is calculated according to the position of the butt 20 and the ankle angle of the driver, the seat slides backwards through the sliding rail after the seat 1 is installed, and the movement track of the seat SIP point should cover the position. When the space limitation at the back and under of the seat 1 can not meet the requirement, the motion track of the SIP point of the seat is close to the position as much as possible, and the angle and the height of the footrest 6 are adjusted to ensure the comfortable operation and the effective space of the leg, wherein the effective space is the straight-line distance from the ankle joint point 19 to the H point 18. The specific operation can be to lift the position of the foot rest board 6 or move the position of the foot rest board 6 forwards, so that the space below or behind the foot rest board is enlarged to ensure the effective operation space of the legs, and meanwhile, the driver should ensure the toe clearance with the front structure of the cab when stepping on the foot rest board 6 to prevent the interference of feet.

After the position of the seat 1 is determined, two armrest boxes 2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the seat 1, and the distance between the two armrest boxes 2 is designed by taking the size of 95 percent human hip as a reference. The front-back distance and the left-right distance from the 95-percentile human body H point 18 to the gripping point of the control handle 3 are calculated, so that the control handle 3 is ensured to be in the control comfortable range of a driver.

Referring to fig. 1, the pedal mechanism of the present invention mainly comprises a walking pedal 4, a walking stick 5 and a footrest 6. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the footrest 6 includes a pedal 61 and a support plate 62. By changing the shape and structure of the supporting plate 62, the angle and height of the footrest 61 can be adjusted without changing the overall structure of the footrest 61 to meet the needs of drivers of different heights, thereby ensuring the versatility of the footrest 61 in series products. The walking pedals 4 and the walking joystick 5 constitute a walking pedal mechanism. As shown in fig. 3, the walking foothold 4 includes a walking valve 43, an adjusting plate 42, and a folding step 41. The adjustment plate 42 is used to connect the travel valve 43, the folding pedal 41, and the travel lever 5. By adjusting the position of the connection point of the folding pedal 41 on the adjusting plate 42, the angle of the tread of the folding pedal 41 can be changed, thereby matching the position of the SIP point of the seat, ensuring the comfortable stepping of the driver without changing the structures of the walking valve 43 and the folding pedal 41.

The position of the walking pedals 4 and the tread angle are matched with the human body size of 95 percent according to the position of the SIP point of the seat, so that the walking pedals 4 can have enough leg effective space at the forefront and the last two limit positions.

After the position of the walking pedal 4 is determined, the position of the walking control lever 5 is designed according to the front-back rotation stroke of the walking pedal 4, the walking pedal 4 and the walking control lever 5 are connected into a whole through a bolt, the rotating shaft is at the same position, and the walking pedal 4 and the walking control lever move synchronously. Matching driver manipulation reach based on a 95 percentile human body size; determining the limit position of the walking control lever 5 according to the front-back rotation stroke of the walking pedals 4; determining the shape of the walking joystick 5 based on the fact that the limit position of the walking joystick 5 needs to fall within the manipulation touch range of the driver; as shown in fig. 4, the operating stroke of the travel lever 5 is such that the travel lever 12 in the most forward position state and the travel lever 14 in the most rearward position state are both extreme positions, and the travel lever 13 in the intermediate position state is a normal operating position. The walking control lever 14 in the last position state does not interfere with the knee position of the driver when the walking pedal 4 is stepped backwards to the limit position; when the walking pedals 4 are stepped on to the limit position, the toes on the walking pedals 4 do not interfere with the front gear structure of the cab.

After the layout of the main operating device is determined, the functional sub-handle 7, and other keys and the operating panel 11 are laid out and designed. According to the use habit, the functional secondary handle 7 and the keys and the operation panel 11 are arranged on the right hand side; secondly, the keys are arranged on the operation panel according to the operation frequency in different areas, and finally, the comfortable operation area and the operation accessible area are determined according to the operation comfort of a driver, so that the function secondary handle 7 and the keys with high operation frequency are arranged in the comfortable operation area of the right hand, and the keys with low frequency are arranged in the operation accessible area.

The display device 8 of the excavator is mainly an offset liquid crystal display screen, and the position and the angle of the display device 8 are determined according to the position of an eyepoint 16 of a driver. According to the SIP point position of the seat, the center position of an eyepoint 16 of a driver is calculated, the center of the eyepoint 16 is connected with the center of the display device 8, the angle of the display device 8 is determined by the fact that the screen surface of the display device 8 is perpendicular to the connecting line, and meanwhile the position of the display device 8 is located in the left-right range and the upper-lower range of comfortable turning of the driver.

Due to the limitation of narrow driving space of the excavator, the air-conditioning evaporator 10 is arranged on the right front side of the seat 1, and the air-conditioning air outlet 9 is arranged above the evaporator; in order to solve the problems of large design difficulty of the air duct and how to effectively utilize the space caused by the installation of the evaporator on the right front side, as shown in fig. 5, an air duct 15 with an L-shaped cavity body is designed above an air conditioner evaporator 10 and is made of interior trim materials. The conventional pipeline air duct can not be twisted, the air outlet must be arranged along the trend of the pipeline, the design requirements can not be met when the cab is arranged in a narrow space, and the L-shaped cavity design avoids the problem that the design of the air outlet is limited due to the use of the conventional pipeline air duct. L die cavity body wind channel 15 directly docks the evaporimeter export, can design air-conditioning outlet 9 as required at L die cavity body wind channel 15 periphery, and this scheme has designed blowing face portion air outlet, side direction air outlet and glass defrosting wind gap respectively 1.

And finally, analyzing the vision shielding condition of the driver according to the eyespot position of the driver and the glass area of the cab, and if the vision shielding condition of the driver does not meet the requirements, adjusting the position of the seat to ensure an important operation area during operation and prevent the vision from being shielded during driving.

The small excavator related to the invention has a narrow driving space, and is mainly characterized in that the space below and behind the seat is occupied by other functional structures of the product, the seat, pedals and the like cannot be arranged at the most reasonable position according to the comfortable operation posture of a human body, and an air conditioner cannot be arranged at the conventional position below or behind the seat. The invention provides a better embodiment for the small excavator with a narrow cab space, and the embodiment can also be popularized and applied to the cabs of products similar to excavators, such as rotary drilling rigs, crawler cranes and the like.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.