阅读说明：本技术 一种经济环保型采空区充填方法及其填充装置 (Economical and environment-friendly goaf filling method and filling device thereof ) 是由 张云 刘广进 佟海 高海军 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种经济环保型采空区充填方法,包括：S1、水泥通过进浆管利用泵送进入采空区；S2、输送水泥20-25min后,通过填充装置开始输送输送地质聚合物,输送地质聚合物通过入料口进入采空区,同时进浆管继续泵送水泥,其泵送速度为100-200L/min,输送地质聚合物再通过振动器的作用下进入入料斗,较高稠度的进浆管水泥可以携带输送地质聚合物进入采空区,当充填高度接近采空区顶板0.5-0.8m左右时,停止输送地质聚合物和水泥的注入；S3、对采空区顶板以下0.5-0.8m的位置处,用压送设备将注入丙烯酸盐注浆液,使丙烯酸盐注浆液在采空区扩散、凝胶和固化,对输送的地质聚合物进行限位,本发明很有效的解决了现有的水泥充填采空区方法造价高的问题。(The invention discloses an economic and environment-friendly goaf filling method, which comprises the following steps: s1, pumping the cement into the goaf through a slurry inlet pipe; s2, conveying the cement for 20-25min, conveying the geopolymer by a filling device, conveying the geopolymer into a goaf through a feeding port, continuously pumping the cement by a slurry inlet pipe at the pumping speed of 100 plus 200L/min, conveying the geopolymer into a feeding hopper under the action of a vibrator, conveying the geopolymer into the goaf by the slurry inlet pipe with higher consistency, and stopping conveying the injection of the geopolymer and the cement when the filling height is close to about 0.5-0.8m of a top plate of the goaf; s3, injecting acrylate grouting liquid at a position 0.5-0.8m below a goaf roof by using a pressure feeding device, so that the acrylate grouting liquid is diffused, gelled and solidified in the goaf, and the conveyed geopolymer is limited.)

1. An economic and environment-friendly goaf filling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, conveying cement

The cement enters the goaf through a slurry inlet pipe (8) by pumping;

s2 conveying geopolymer

After cement is conveyed for 20-25min, conveying the geopolymer by a filling device, conveying the geopolymer into a goaf through a feeding port (2), simultaneously continuously pumping the cement by a slurry inlet pipe (8), wherein the pumping speed is 100 plus materials and 200L/min, conveying the geopolymer into a feeding hopper (3) under the action of a vibrator (6), conveying the geopolymer into the goaf by carrying the cement in the slurry inlet pipe, stopping the device for 10-15min every 1-1.5h for ensuring the filling effect, and stopping conveying the geopolymer and injecting the cement when the filling height is close to about 0.5-0.8m of a top plate of the goaf;

s3, reinforcing the stratum

And injecting the acrylate grouting liquid into a position 0.5-0.8m below the top plate of the goaf by using a pressure feeding device, so that the acrylate grouting liquid is diffused, gelled and solidified in the goaf, and the conveyed geopolymer is limited.

2. The economic and environment-friendly goaf filling method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the geopolymer comprises the following steps:

s21, selecting according to the mass fraction: 45-50 parts of red mud, 6-8 parts of cement, 1-3 parts of mineral powder, 1-3 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 30-40 parts of fly ash, 1-3 parts of ceramic particles, 1-3 parts of zirconia and 3-5 parts of an additive;

s22, stirring and mixing the ingredients in the S21 to prepare a solid mixture;

s23, stirring the mixture of water and solid in a ratio of 1:1.2 under a dustproof environment at the temperature of 10-35 ℃ to obtain the polymer material with the material strength of more than or equal to 4.0 MPa.

3. The economical and environment-friendly goaf filling method according to claim 2, wherein the additive is based on a condensate of PC polycarboxylic acid and naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde, and is stirred clockwise in a closed space at a rotation speed of 60 r/min.

4. The economical and environment-friendly goaf filling method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pumping speed of the cement in the slurry inlet pipe in S1 is 100-150L/min, which can ensure that the grouting holes are not blocked by the conveyed geopolymer.

5. The utility model provides an economic environment-friendly goaf filling device which characterized in that includes:

the device comprises a feeding port (2), a sieve (1), a feeding hopper (3), a steel frame (4) and a vibrator (6), wherein the feeding port (2) is located at the top of the device and is formed by welding four steel plates, the feeding hopper (3) is welded with the feeding port (2) into a whole in a funnel shape, the sieve (1) is located at the connecting part of the feeding port (2) and the feeding hopper (3), the vibrator (6) is arranged on the outer side of the feeding hopper (3), the vibrator (6) can automatically vibrate after being electrified, the lower part of the filling device mainly comprises a butt flange (5), a raft inserting plate (7), a sensor (9) and a grouting pipe (10), the grouting pipe (10) is communicated to the bottom of the feeding hopper (3) through the butt flange, the lower part of the flange (5) is provided with the raft inserting plate (7), the raft inserting plate (7) is connected with the grouting pipe (10), the sensor (9) is arranged at the position, close to the raft inserting plate (7), of the upper part of the grouting pipe (10), one side of slip casting pipe (10) interlude communicates one and advances thick liquid pipe (8), and vibrator (6) provide power for geopolymer's transport, and raft board (7) are mainly in order to guarantee that geopolymer slips down and do not block up.

6. The economical and environment-friendly goaf filling device according to claim 5, characterized in that a steel frame is arranged below the feeding hopper (3) to fix the feeding hopper (3) above the horizontal ground.

7. An economical and environment-friendly gob filling device according to claim 5, further comprising a mixing and transporting device, wherein the geopolymer is filled by means of a mixing and transporting device.

8. The economical and environment-friendly gob filling device according to claim 7, wherein the mixing and transporting device comprises: an energy source vehicle and a polymer agitation mechanism, the energy source vehicle comprising: the vehicle comprises a battery shell (12), a storage battery (121) arranged in the battery shell (12), a fixing bracket (13), a vehicle flat plate (14), a wheel (18) arranged below the vehicle flat plate (14), and a motor (20) used for driving the wheel (18); the polymer stirring mechanism includes: fill opening (11), take gear motor (151), agitator tank gear (152), agitator tank (16), stirring rod (162) and slip casting pipe (19), fill opening (11) have two, lie in battery case (12) upper portion side by side, are the trapezium form, take gear motor (151) and agitator tank gear (152) to be located agitator tank (16) upper portion, and the outside cover has cylindrical shell (15), agitator rod (162) are located agitator tank (16), and link to each other with agitator tank gear (152).

9. The economical and environment-friendly goaf filling device according to claim 8, wherein the stirring tank (16) is wrapped by a layer of PVC scraper cloth.

10. The economical and environment-friendly gob filling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the method of mixing the polymer using the apparatus comprises the steps of:

the storage battery (121) provides power for the work of the motor (151) with the gear and the motor (20), the polymer enters the stirring tank (16) from the filling port (11), the rotation of the motor (151) with the gear drives the gear (152) of the stirring tank to rotate, the stirring rod (162) starts to work by the rotation of the gear (152) of the stirring tank, materials are mixed, the motor (20) rotates to drive the axle to rotate, so that power is provided for the movement of the device, and finally the material is injected into the feeding port (2) through the grouting pipe (19) by the pumping pump (21) under the condition that the power is provided by the storage battery.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of geological survey, in particular to an economical and environment-friendly goaf filling method and a filling device thereof.

Background

With the development of economy and the vigorous development of coal resources, the mining and utilization processes of coal cause serious pollution to the environment. On one hand, after coal mining, huge hollow areas are left underground, and as time is prolonged, a top plate rock stratum of a goaf collapses under self gravity, so that ground settlement and collapse are caused, buildings, roads, railways and farmlands on the ground are seriously damaged, and if the ground is not processed, the life and property safety of people is seriously threatened. On the other hand, a large amount of solid wastes are generated by utilizing coal for power generation, mainly comprising desulfurized gypsum, fly ash and the like, the solid wastes are low in resource degree and high in yield, and the solid wastes occupy a large amount of land resources when being treated, so that the environment is polluted, and the resources are wasted.

At present, aiming at goaf filling treatment, cement is mainly used, the material consumption is large, the raw material consumption is high, the cost is high, a large amount of desulfurized gypsum and fly ash generated by coal power generation are difficult to utilize, a large amount of desulfurized gypsum and fly ash are accumulated to occupy land resources, and the desulfurized gypsum and fly ash cannot be effectively utilized, so that if solid industrial wastes such as the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash can be applied to goaf filling, the utilization of the industrial wastes can be solved, and the filling cost can be reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an economic and environment-friendly goaf filling method and a filling device thereof, and aims to solve the problem that the existing goaf cement filling method is high in manufacturing cost.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an economic and environment-friendly goaf filling method comprises the following steps:

s1, conveying cement

The cement enters the goaf through a slurry inlet pipe by pumping;

s2 conveying geopolymer

Conveying the geopolymer by a filling device after 20-25min, conveying the geopolymer into a goaf by a feeding hopper, continuously pumping the cement by a slurry inlet pipe at the pumping speed of 100-200L/min, conveying the geopolymer into the feeding hopper under the action of a vibrator, stopping the device for 10-15min every 1-1.5h to ensure the filling effect, and stopping the injection of the geopolymer and the cement when the filling height is close to about 0.5-0.8m of a top plate of the goaf;

s3, reinforcing the stratum

And injecting the acrylate grouting liquid into a position 0.5-0.8m below the top plate of the goaf by using a pressure feeding device, so that the acrylate grouting liquid is diffused, gelled and solidified in the goaf, and the conveyed geopolymer is limited.

Further, the preparation method of the geopolymer comprises the following steps:

s21, selecting according to the mass fraction: 45-50 parts of red mud, 6-8 parts of cement, 1-3 parts of mineral powder, 1-3 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 30-40 parts of fly ash, 1-3 parts of ceramic particles, 1-3 parts of zirconia and 3-5 parts of an additive;

s22, stirring and mixing the ingredients in the S21 to prepare a solid mixture;

s23, stirring the mixture of water and solid in a ratio of 1:1.2 under a dustproof environment at the temperature of 10-35 ℃ to obtain the polymer material with the material strength of more than or equal to 4.0 MPa.

Furthermore, the additive is prepared by taking a condensation product of PC polycarboxylic acid and naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde as a base material, and stirring the base material in a clockwise manner in a closed space at a rotating speed of 60 r/min.

Furthermore, the pumping speed of the cement in the slurry inlet pipe in S1 is 100-150L/min, so that the geopolymer can be conveyed without blocking the grouting hole.

Further, a filling apparatus used when filling is performed using the above method includes: the feeding port is located at the top of the device and is formed by welding four steel plates, the feeding hopper is welded with the feeding port into a whole in a funnel shape, the sieve is located at the connecting position of the feeding port and the feeding hopper, the vibrator is arranged on the outer side of the feeding hopper and can automatically vibrate after being electrified, the lower portion of the filling device mainly comprises a butt flange, a raft inserting plate, a sensor and a grouting pipe, the grouting pipe is communicated to the bottom of the feeding hopper through the butt flange, the lower portion of the flange is the raft inserting plate and is connected with the grouting pipe, the sensor is arranged on the upper portion of the grouting pipe close to the position of the raft inserting plate, one side of the middle portion of the grouting pipe is communicated with the grouting pipe, the vibrator provides power for conveying of geopolymers, and the raft inserting plate mainly aims at ensuring that the geopolymers slide down without blocking.

Furthermore, a steel frame is arranged below the feeding hopper, and the feeding hopper is fixed above the horizontal ground.

Furthermore, the filling device is connected with a mixing and transporting device, and the geopolymer is filled by means of the mixing and transporting device.

Further, the mixing and transporting device comprises: an energy source vehicle and a polymer agitation mechanism, the energy source vehicle comprising: the battery shell, a storage battery arranged in the battery shell, a fixed bracket, a vehicle flat plate, a wheel arranged below the vehicle flat plate and a motor for driving the wheel; the polymer stirring mechanism includes: the filling openings are two, are located on the upper portion of the battery shell side by side and are in a trapezoid shape, the gear motor with the gear and the gear of the stirring tank are located on the upper portion of the stirring tank, the cylindrical shell is sleeved outside the gear motor with the gear and the gear of the stirring tank, and the stirring rod is located in the stirring tank and is connected with the gear of the stirring tank.

Furthermore, the stirring tank is wrapped by a layer of PVC material knife scraping cloth.

Furthermore, the mixing and transporting device is used in the following mode: the storage battery provides power for the motor with the gear and the motor to work, the polymer enters the stirring tank from the filling opening, the rotation of the motor with the gear drives the gear of the stirring tank to rotate, the stirring rod starts to work by the rotation of the gear of the stirring tank to mix materials, the motor rotates to drive the axle to rotate, so that the power is provided for the movement of the device, and finally the pumping pump injects the materials into the filling opening through the grouting pipe under the condition that the storage battery provides power.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention provides an economic and environment-friendly goaf filling method and a filling device thereof, wherein a geological polymer is filled by using the filling device and then limited, solid industrial wastes such as desulfurized gypsum and fly ash are applied to the geological polymer, and then the goaf is filled, so that the utilization of the industrial wastes can be solved, the filling cost can be reduced, the fund is greatly saved, the stone strength after the geological polymer is grouted is 2.5 times that of the traditional grouting method, the industrial solid wastes are greatly utilized, the engineering cost is saved, and the resource environment is protected.

2. The gel system of the geopolymer belongs to a three-dimensional grid, has crystalline and amorphous forms, is mainly polymerized by an oxygen-containing tetrahedron, and has the advantages of controllable solidification, early strength, quick hardening, stable property, good cementation, temperature resistance, pressure resistance and corrosion resistance due to the special structure of the geopolymer gel material.

3. The geopolymer has high soluble alkali content in the interior and high activity of metal ions in the interior, is easy to cause alkali aggregate reaction to expand, and is limited in a goaf through acrylate grouting liquid in the expansion process because the time is needed by the expansion stone of the geopolymer after the geopolymer is filled in the goaf, so that the geopolymer continuously expands under the condition of unchanged filling volume, and the filling effect of the goaf is enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a filling apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the configuration of a geopolymer material mixing and transporting device;

figure 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a geopolymer material mixing and transporting device.

The device comprises a sieve 1, a sieve 2, a feeding port 3, a feeding hopper 4, a steel frame 5, a connecting flange 6, a vibrator 7, a raft inserting plate 8, a slurry inlet pipe 9, a sensor 10, a grouting pipe 11, a filling port 12, a battery shell 13, a fixed support 14, a vehicle flat plate 15, a cylindrical shell 16, a stirring tank 17, a steering wheel 18, wheels 19, a grouting pipe 20, a motor 21, a pumping pump 121, a storage battery 122, a lead wire 151, a geared motor 152, a stirring tank gear 153, a connecting rod 161, a stirring tank top plate 162 and a stirring rod.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 3. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

It should be noted that the circuit connections involved in the present invention all adopt a conventional circuit connection manner, and no innovation is involved.

Example 1

An economic and environment-friendly goaf filling method comprises the following steps:

s1, conveying cement

The cement enters the goaf through a slurry inlet pipe 8 by pumping;

s2 conveying geopolymer

Conveying the geopolymer through a filling device 25min later, conveying the geopolymer into a goaf through a feeding port 2, continuously pumping the cement through a slurry inlet pipe 8 at a pumping speed of 100L/min, conveying the geopolymer into a feeding hopper 3 under the action of a vibrator 6, conveying the geopolymer into the goaf by the slurry inlet pipe cement with higher consistency, stopping the device for 15min every 1h in order to ensure the filling effect, and stopping the injection of the conveyed geopolymer and the cement when the filling height is close to about 0.5m of a top plate of the goaf;

s3, reinforcing the stratum

And injecting the acrylate grouting liquid into a position 0.5m below the top plate of the goaf by using a pressure-feed device, so that the acrylate grouting liquid is diffused, gelled and solidified in the goaf, and the conveyed geopolymer is limited.

Preferably, in order to improve the durability, fluidity and strength of the geopolymer, the geopolymer is prepared by the following method:

s21, selecting according to the mass fraction: 45 parts of red mud, 6 parts of cement, 1 part of mineral powder, 1 part of desulfurized gypsum, 35 parts of fly ash, 1 part of ceramic particles, 1 part of zirconia and 4 parts of an additive;

s22, stirring and mixing the ingredients in the S1 to prepare a solid mixture;

s23, stirring the mixture of water and solid in a ratio of 1:1.2 at 35 ℃ in a dustproof environment to obtain the polymer material with the material strength of 4.0 MPa.

Preferably, the additive is based on a condensate of PC polycarboxylic acid and naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde, and is stirred clockwise in a closed space at a rotating speed of 60 r/min.

Example 2

The difference from example 1 is that:

the preparation method of the geopolymer comprises the following steps:

s21, selecting according to the mass fraction: 48 parts of red mud, 7 parts of cement, 2 parts of mineral powder, 2 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts of fly ash, 2 parts of ceramic particles, 2 parts of zirconia and 4 parts of an additive.

Example 3

The difference from example 2 is that:

s21, selecting according to the mass fraction: 50 parts of red mud, 8 parts of cement, 3 parts of mineral powder, 3 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 40 parts of fly ash, 1 part of ceramic particles, 1 part of zirconia and 3 parts of an additive.

Example 4

The difference from example 3 is that:

as shown in fig. 1, in order to improve the filling effect of geopolymer and cement, the goaf is filled by entraining geopolymer by the flow of cement, and the geopolymer is filled by an economical and environment-friendly goaf filling apparatus, the filling apparatus comprising: a feeding port 2, a sieve 1, a feeding hopper 3, a steel frame 4 and a vibrator 6, wherein the feeding port 2 is positioned at the topmost part of the device and is formed by welding four steel plates, the feeding hopper 3 is in a funnel shape and is welded with the feeding port 2 into a whole, the sieve 1 is positioned at the connecting part of the feeding port 2 and the feeding hopper 3, the vibrator 6 sets up in going into hopper 3 outside, vibrator 6 can independently vibrate after the circular telegram, fill the device lower part mainly by flange 5, insert raft 7, sensor 9 and slip casting pipe 10 are constituteed, slip casting pipe 10 communicates to the bottom of going into hopper 3 through flange, flange 5 lower part is for inserting raft 7, insert raft 7 and slip casting pipe 10 and be connected, slip casting pipe 10 upper portion is close to inserting raft 7 position and goes out and set up sensor 9, one side intercommunication slip casting pipe 8 of slip casting pipe 10 interlude, vibrator 6 provides power for geopolymer's transport, insert raft 7 mainly in order to guarantee that geopolymer gliding unblock.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, in order to reduce the construction difficulty, a steel frame is arranged below the feeding hopper 3, and the feeding hopper 3 is fixed above the horizontal ground.

Example 5

The difference from example 4 is that:

preferably, in order to increase the efficiency of the production of geopolymers, which can be produced directly on site according to the conditions of the goaf on site, the filling device is also connected to a mixing and transporting device, and the filling of the geopolymers is carried out by means of a mixing and transporting device.

Specifically, the mixing and transporting device comprises: an energy source vehicle and a polymer agitation mechanism, the energy source vehicle comprising: a battery case 12, a storage battery 121 disposed in the battery case 12, a fixing bracket 13, a vehicle platform 14, a wheel 18 disposed under the vehicle platform 14, and a motor 20 for driving the wheel 18; the polymer stirring mechanism includes: the device comprises a filling opening 11, a geared motor 151, a stirring tank gear 152, a stirring tank 16, stirring rods 162 and a grouting pipe 19, wherein the two filling openings 11 are arranged side by side on the upper part of a battery shell 12 and are in a trapezoid shape, the geared motor 151 and the stirring tank gear 152 are arranged on the upper part of the stirring tank 16, the outer part of the stirring tank is sleeved with a cylindrical shell 15, the stirring rods 162 are arranged in the stirring tank 16 and are connected with the stirring tank gear 152, wheels 18 are controlled by a steering wheel 17, and a storage battery 121 is connected with the geared motor 151 and a motor 20 through a lead 122.

Preferably, in order to ensure the temperature in the stirring tank 16 and improve the stirring effect, the stirring tank 16 is internally wrapped by a layer of PVC material knife scraping cloth.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the use method of the mixing and transporting device is as follows: the accumulator 121 provides power for the operation of the geared motor 151 and the motor 20, the polymer enters the stirring tank 16 from the filling port 11, the rotation of the geared motor 151 drives the stirring tank gear 152 to rotate, the rotation of the stirring tank gear 152 enables the stirring rod 162 to operate, so that the materials are mixed, the rotation of the motor 20 drives the axle to rotate, so as to provide power for the movement of the device, and finally the pumping pump 21 injects the materials into the filling port 2 through the grouting pipe 19 under the condition that the accumulator provides power.

Through the experiments of examples 1-5, the strength of the geopolymer filled in the goaf is detected and analyzed, and the preparation composition of the geopolymer in example 3 is obtained, and the stone material filled by the method in example 5 has the highest strength and the shortest filling time.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.