阅读说明：本技术 接口保护电路、保护系统、车辆及保护方法 (Interface protection circuit, protection system, vehicle and protection method ) 是由 罗石 于 2020-04-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请实施例提供了一种接口保护电路、保护系统、车辆及保护方法。该接口保护电路,包括：接口模块,用于与接口电连接；电压保护模块,包括开关单元、分压电阻和第一控制开关；开关单元的第一端和分压电阻的第一端均与接口模块的输出端电连接；电压输出模块,包括第一电压输出端和第二电压输出端,第一电压输出端和第二电压输出端以择一的方式与第一控制开关的第二端电连接；第一电压输出端用于输出第一电压,第二电压输出端用于输出第二电压,第一电压高于第二电压；电压比较模块,包括比较器。本申请实施例能够解决由于接口的低压或者过压而带来的接口的安全性或稳定性差的技术问题。(The embodiment of the application provides an interface protection circuit, a protection system, a vehicle and a protection method. The interface protection circuit includes: the interface module is used for being electrically connected with the interface; the voltage protection module comprises a switch unit, a divider resistor and a first control switch; the first end of the switch unit and the first end of the divider resistor are electrically connected with the output end of the interface module; the voltage output module comprises a first voltage output end and a second voltage output end, and the first voltage output end and the second voltage output end are electrically connected with the second end of the first control switch in an alternative mode; the first voltage output end is used for outputting a first voltage, the second voltage output end is used for outputting a second voltage, and the first voltage is higher than the second voltage; and the voltage comparison module comprises a comparator. The technical problem of poor safety or stability of the interface caused by low pressure or overvoltage of the interface can be solved.)

1. An interface protection circuit, comprising:

the interface module is electrically connected with the interface;

the voltage protection module comprises a switch unit, a divider resistor and a first control switch; the first end of the switch unit and the first end of the voltage dividing resistor are both electrically connected with the output end of the interface module, the second end of the switch unit and the second end of the voltage dividing resistor are both electrically connected with a first node, and the first node is electrically connected with the first end of the first control switch;

the voltage output module comprises a first voltage output end and a second voltage output end, and the first voltage output end and the second voltage output end are electrically connected with the second end of the first control switch in an alternative mode; the first voltage output end is used for outputting a first voltage, the second voltage output end is used for outputting a second voltage, and the first voltage is higher than the second voltage;

and the voltage comparison module comprises a comparator, wherein a first input end of the comparator is electrically connected with the reference voltage end, a second input end of the comparator is electrically connected with a second node, the second node is positioned between the first end and the second end of the divider resistor, and an output end of the comparator is used for outputting a comparison level representing a comparison result.

2. The interface protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the output of the interface module comprises a first interface output, a second interface output, and a third interface output;

the switch unit comprises a first switch unit, a second switch unit and a third switch unit;

the first end of the first switch unit, the first end of the second switch unit and the first end of the third switch unit are respectively and electrically connected with the first interface output end, the second interface output end and the third interface output end;

a second terminal of the first switch unit, a second terminal of the second switch unit, and a second terminal of the third switch unit, which collectively serve as a second terminal of the switch unit;

and the output end of the third interface is electrically connected with the first end of the divider resistor.

3. The interface protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the interface module further comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor;

the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor are electrically connected with the interface;

and the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the third resistor are respectively used as the first interface output end, the second interface output end and the third interface output end.

4. The interface protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the first switching unit comprises a first switching component and a first charge storage device;

a first terminal of the first switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of the first charge storage device;

a first end of the first charge storage device and a second end of the first switch component are respectively used as a first end of the first switch unit and a second end of the first switch unit;

the second switching unit includes a second switching assembly and a second charge storage device;

a first terminal of the second switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of the second charge storage device;

the first end of the second charge storage device and the second end of the second switch component are respectively used as the first end of the second switch unit and the second end of the second switch unit;

the third switching unit includes a third switching component and a third charge storage device;

a first terminal of the third switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of the third charge storage device;

a first terminal of the third charge storage device and a second terminal of the third switching component are respectively used as a first terminal of the third switching unit and a second terminal of the third switching unit.

5. The interface protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage dividing resistor comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor;

a first end of the first voltage-dividing resistor and a second end of the second voltage-dividing resistor are respectively used as a first end of the voltage-dividing resistor and a second end of the voltage-dividing resistor;

the second end of the first voltage-dividing resistor and the first end of the second voltage-dividing resistor are both electrically connected to the second node.

6. The interface protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage output module comprises a first interference prevention unit and a second interference prevention unit;

the first interference preventing unit comprises a first voltage output end and a first voltage end, and is used for receiving the first pulse width modulation signal and outputting a first voltage through the first voltage output end;

the second interference preventing unit comprises a second voltage output end and a second voltage end, and is used for receiving the second pulse width modulation signal and outputting a second voltage through the second voltage output end; the second voltage terminal is grounded.

7. The interface protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage comparison module further comprises a reference voltage adjustment unit;

the reference voltage adjusting unit comprises a first voltage adjusting resistor, a second voltage adjusting resistor and a fourth charge storage device;

the first end of the first voltage regulating resistor is electrically connected with the third voltage end;

the first end of the second voltage regulating resistor and the first end of the fourth charge storage device are both electrically connected with a fourth voltage end;

and the second end of the first voltage regulating resistor, the second end of the second voltage regulating resistor and the second end of the fourth charge storage device are electrically connected with a third node, and the third node is used as a reference voltage end.

8. The interface protection circuit of claim 7, wherein the voltage comparison module further comprises a second control switch;

the first end of the second control switch is electrically connected with the output end of the comparator, the second end of the second control switch is electrically connected with a fourth node or a fifth voltage end, the fourth node is electrically connected with the comparison signal output end, and the fifth voltage end is grounded.

9. The interface protection circuit of claim 8, wherein the voltage comparison module further comprises a third voltage dividing resistor, a first pull-up resistor, and a second pull-up resistor;

a first end of the third voltage-dividing resistor is electrically connected with the second node;

a second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is electrically connected with a first end of the first pull-up resistor;

a first end of the second pull-up resistor is electrically connected to the fourth node,

and the second end of the first pull-up resistor and the second end of the second pull-up resistor are both electrically connected with a sixth voltage end.

10. An interface protection system comprising a voltage sensor, a control module and an interface protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;

the voltage sensor is electrically connected with the interface and the control module and is used for acquiring interface voltage of the interface and outputting the interface voltage to the control module;

the control module is configured to control the second end of the first control switch to be electrically connected to the first voltage output end when the interface voltage is a third voltage, control the first voltage output end to output a first voltage, and turn on the switch unit; when the interface voltage is a fourth voltage, controlling the second end of the first control switch to be electrically connected with the second voltage output end, controlling the first voltage output end to output a second voltage, and stopping the switch unit; obtaining the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module, and controlling the first control switch to disconnect until the comparison level meets a preset condition; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage, and the fourth voltage is higher than the second voltage.

11. A vehicle comprising an interface protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or an interface protection system according to claim 10.

12. An interface protection method applied to the interface protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

acquiring an interface voltage of the interface;

when the interface voltage is a third voltage, controlling the second end of the first control switch to be electrically connected with the first voltage output end, and controlling the first voltage output end to output a first voltage, so that the switch unit is switched on; when the interface voltage is a fourth voltage, controlling the second end of the first control switch to be electrically connected with the second voltage output end, and controlling the first voltage output end to output a second voltage, so that the switch unit is switched off; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage, and the fourth voltage is higher than the second voltage;

and acquiring the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module until the comparison level meets a preset condition, and controlling the first control switch to be disconnected.

13. The interface protection method of claim 12, wherein the controlling the first voltage output terminal to output the first voltage comprises:

generating a first pulse width modulation signal, and outputting the first pulse width modulation signal to a first interference prevention unit of a voltage output module, so that the first interference prevention unit outputs a first voltage through a first voltage output end; and the number of the first and second groups,

the controlling the first voltage output terminal to output the second voltage includes:

and generating a second pulse width modulation signal, and outputting the second pulse width modulation signal to a second interference prevention unit of the voltage output module, so that the second interference prevention unit outputs a second voltage through a second voltage output end.

14. The interface protection method of claim 12, wherein the obtaining the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module comprises:

controlling a second end of a second control switch of the voltage comparison module to be electrically connected with a fourth node so as to obtain a comparison signal output end and output the comparison level;

the obtaining of the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module until the comparison level meets a preset condition further includes:

and the second end of the second control switch for controlling the voltage comparison module is electrically connected with the fifth voltage end of the voltage comparison module.

15. The interface protection method of claim 12, further comprising:

and when the interface voltage is higher than the preset voltage, controlling the interface to be disconnected.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of protection circuits, in particular to an interface protection circuit, a protection system, a vehicle and a protection method.

Background

At present, in the working process of a high-voltage interface of a motor of a new energy automobile, the voltage of the high-voltage interface is often unstable, so that the problems of low voltage and overvoltage are caused, the working voltage of the motor is unbalanced, and certain influence is caused on the dynamic property of the new energy automobile.

When the motor is started earlier, other equipment in the automobile generates electromagnetic and current interference and other equipment is started, and due to the existence of the current overload protection device, a high-voltage interface of the motor of a high-voltage line in the automobile generates a low-voltage or overvoltage phenomenon, so that the safety and the stability of the high-voltage interface are poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an interface protection circuit, a protection system, a vehicle and a protection method aiming at the defects of the existing mode, and aims to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, the safety or stability of an interface is poor due to low voltage or overvoltage of the interface.

An embodiment of the present application provides an interface protection circuit, including:

the interface module is used for being electrically connected with the interface;

the voltage protection module comprises a switch unit, a divider resistor and a first control switch; the first end of the switch unit and the first end of the divider resistor are electrically connected with the output end of the interface module, the second end of the switch unit and the second end of the divider resistor are electrically connected with a first node, and the first node is electrically connected with the first end of the first control switch;

the voltage output module comprises a first voltage output end and a second voltage output end, and the first voltage output end and the second voltage output end are electrically connected with the second end of the first control switch in an alternative mode; the first voltage output end is used for outputting a first voltage, the second voltage output end is used for outputting a second voltage, and the first voltage is higher than the second voltage;

and the voltage comparison module comprises a comparator, wherein a first input end of the comparator is electrically connected with the reference voltage end, a second input end of the comparator is electrically connected with a second node, the second node is positioned between the first end and the second end of the divider resistor, and an output end of the comparator is used for outputting a comparison level representing a comparison result.

In one possible embodiment, the output of the interface module comprises a first interface output, a second interface output, and a third interface output;

the switch unit comprises a first switch unit, a second switch unit and a third switch unit;

the first end of the first switch unit, the first end of the second switch unit and the first end of the third switch unit are respectively and electrically connected with the first interface output end, the second interface output end and the third interface output end;

the second end of the first switch unit, the second end of the second switch unit and the second end of the third switch unit are used as the second ends of the switch units together;

the output end of the third interface is electrically connected with the first end of the divider resistor.

In one possible embodiment, the interface module further comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor;

the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor are electrically connected with the interface;

and the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the third resistor are respectively used as a first interface output end, a second interface output end and a third interface output end.

In one possible embodiment, the first switching unit includes a first switching assembly and a first charge storage device;

a first terminal of the first switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of the first charge storage device;

the first end of the first charge storage device and the second end of the first switch component are respectively used as the first end of the first switch unit and the second end of the first switch unit;

the second switching unit includes a second switching component and a second charge storage device;

a first terminal of the second switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of the second charge storage device;

a first end of the second charge storage device and a second end of the second switch component are respectively used as a first end of the second switch unit and a second end of the second switch unit;

the third switching unit includes a third switching component and a third charge storage device;

a first terminal of the third switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of the third charge storage device;

the first terminal of the third charge storage device and the second terminal of the third switching component are respectively used as the first terminal of the third switching unit and the second terminal of the third switching unit.

In one possible embodiment, the voltage dividing resistor includes a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor;

the first end of the first divider resistor and the second end of the second divider resistor are respectively used as the first end of the divider resistor and the second end of the divider resistor;

the second end of the first voltage-dividing resistor and the first end of the second voltage-dividing resistor are both electrically connected with the second node.

In one possible embodiment, the voltage output module includes a first interference preventing unit and a second interference preventing unit;

the first interference preventing unit comprises a first voltage output end and a first voltage end, and is used for receiving the first pulse width modulation signal and outputting a first voltage through the first voltage output end;

the second interference preventing unit comprises a second voltage output end and a second voltage end, and is used for receiving the second pulse width modulation signal and outputting a second voltage through the second voltage output end; the second voltage terminal is grounded.

In one possible embodiment, the voltage comparison module further comprises a reference voltage adjustment unit;

the reference voltage regulating unit comprises a first voltage regulating resistor, a second voltage regulating resistor and a fourth charge storage device;

the first end of the first voltage regulating resistor is electrically connected with the third voltage end;

the first end of the second voltage regulating resistor and the first end of the fourth charge storage device are both electrically connected with a fourth voltage end;

the second end of the first voltage regulating resistor, the second end of the second voltage regulating resistor and the second end of the fourth charge storage device are electrically connected with a third node, and the third node is used as a reference voltage end.

In one possible embodiment, the voltage comparison module further comprises a second control switch;

the first end of the second control switch is electrically connected with the output end of the comparator, the second end of the second control switch is used for being electrically connected with a fourth node or a fifth voltage end, the fourth node is electrically connected with the comparison signal output end, and the fifth voltage end is grounded.

In one possible embodiment, the voltage comparison module further includes a third voltage dividing resistor, a first pull-up resistor, and a second pull-up resistor;

the first end of the third voltage-dividing resistor is electrically connected with the second node;

the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the first pull-up resistor;

the first end of the second pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the fourth node,

the second end of the first pull-up resistor and the second end of the second pull-up resistor are both electrically connected with the sixth voltage end.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an interface protection system, which includes a voltage sensor, a control module, and the interface protection circuit of the first aspect;

the voltage sensor is electrically connected with the interface and the control module and is used for acquiring interface voltage of the interface and outputting the interface voltage to the control module;

the control module is used for controlling the second end of the first control switch to be electrically connected with the first voltage output end and controlling the first voltage output end to output the first voltage when the interface voltage is the third voltage, so that the switch unit is switched on; when the interface voltage is a fourth voltage, controlling the second end of the first control switch to be electrically connected with the second voltage output end, and controlling the first voltage output end to output a second voltage so as to cut off the switch unit; obtaining a comparison level output by the voltage comparison module, and controlling the first control switch to disconnect until the comparison level meets a preset condition; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage and the fourth voltage is higher than the second voltage.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, including the interface protection circuit of the first aspect or the interface protection system of the second aspect.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an interface protection method, which is applied to the interface protection circuit of the first aspect, and includes the following steps:

acquiring interface voltage of an interface;

when the interface voltage is a third voltage, controlling the second end of the first control switch to be electrically connected with the first voltage output end, and controlling the first voltage output end to output a first voltage so as to enable the switch unit to be conducted; when the interface voltage is a fourth voltage, controlling the second end of the first control switch to be electrically connected with the second voltage output end, and controlling the first voltage output end to output a second voltage so as to cut off the switch unit; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage, and the fourth voltage is higher than the second voltage;

and obtaining the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module until the comparison level meets the preset condition, and controlling the first control switch to disconnect.

In one possible embodiment, controlling the first voltage output terminal to output the first voltage includes:

generating a first pulse width modulation signal, and outputting the first pulse width modulation signal to a first interference prevention unit of a voltage output module, so that the first interference prevention unit outputs a first voltage through a first voltage output end; and the number of the first and second groups,

controlling the first voltage output terminal to output the second voltage, comprising:

and generating a second pulse width modulation signal, and outputting the second pulse width modulation signal to a second interference prevention unit of the voltage output module, so that the second interference prevention unit outputs a second voltage through a second voltage output end.

In one possible embodiment, obtaining the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module includes:

a second end of a second control switch of the control voltage comparison module is electrically connected with the fourth node so as to obtain a comparison signal output end and output a comparison level;

obtaining the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module until the comparison level meets the preset condition, further comprising:

and the second end of the second control switch of the control voltage comparison module is electrically connected with the fifth voltage end of the voltage comparison module.

In one possible embodiment, the interface is controlled to be disconnected when the interface voltage is higher than a preset voltage.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial technical effects:

the voltage protection module of the interface protection circuit of the embodiment of the application can be according to the voltage of the high-voltage interface of the motor, when the first control switch is controlled to be connected with the first voltage output end or the second voltage output end, a low-voltage or high-voltage protection circuit is correspondingly formed, the voltage of the interface is adjusted, the voltage of the motor interface is effectively controlled, the stability of the motor interface is improved, the phenomenon of unbalance of the work of the motor is avoided, the structural layout of the circuit is simple, and the voltage protection module can be used as a low-voltage protection circuit and can also be used as a high-voltage protection circuit. Meanwhile, the interface protection circuit of the embodiment of the application further comprises a voltage comparison module, the voltage comparison module can compare the voltages of the two input ends and feed back a comparison level, so that the voltage of the motor interface can be monitored in real time, corresponding control can be conveniently carried out according to the voltage regulation condition of the motor interface, and the voltage of the motor interface can be conveniently and timely adjusted.

The voltage protection system of this application embodiment adopts the voltage of voltage sensor monitoring interface, adopts control module control first control switch and first voltage output or second voltage output electricity to be connected and forms different functional circuit. Meanwhile, the voltage of the interface can be judged according to the received comparison level of the comparator, when the voltage of the interface reaches the threshold voltage, the comparison level output by the comparator meets the preset condition, the control module controls the first control switch to be disconnected from the electric connection, and the control module can stop working at the moment. The voltage protection system of this application embodiment carries out system management with low pressure and overvoltage protection circuit, can eliminate new energy automobile and go the in-process, and low pressure or excessive pressure problem appear in the motor interface, has improved the security and the stability of high-pressure interface.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an interface protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a block diagram of an interface protection system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a flowchart of an interface protection method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of another interface protection method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-an interface module;

2-voltage protection module, 201-switch unit, 202-voltage dividing resistor, K1-first control switch, R1-first resistor, R2-second resistor, R3-third resistor, R4-first voltage dividing resistor, R5-second voltage dividing resistor, C1-first charge storage device, C2-second charge storage device, C3-third charge storage device, D1-first diode, D2-second diode, D3-third diode, D4-fourth diode, D5-fifth diode, and D6-sixth diode;

3-voltage output module, S1-first voltage output terminal, S2-second voltage output terminal, 301-first anti-interference unit, 302-second anti-interference unit, VCC 1-first voltage terminal, GND 1-second voltage terminal;

the circuit comprises a 4-voltage comparison module, an A1-comparator, a 401-reference voltage regulation unit, R6-first voltage regulation resistors, R7-second voltage regulation resistors, C4-fourth charge storage devices, VCC 2-third voltage ends, VCC 3-fourth voltage ends, K2-second control switches, GND 2-fifth voltage ends, K3-third control switches, R8-third voltage division resistors, R9-first pull-up resistors, R10-second pull-up resistors, VCC 4-sixth voltage ends and an S3-comparison signal output end;

a-a first node, B-a second node, C-a third node, D-a fourth node;

5-a voltage sensor;

6-a control module;

7-motor interface.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts or parts having the same or similar functions throughout. In addition, if a detailed description of the known art is not necessary for illustrating the features of the present application, it is omitted. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

It will be understood by those within the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The following describes the technical solutions of the present application and how to solve the above technical problems with specific embodiments.

An embodiment of the present application provides an interface protection circuit, as shown in fig. 1, the interface protection circuit includes: the device comprises an interface module 1, a voltage protection module 2, a voltage output module 3 and a voltage comparison module 4.

The interface module 1 is used for electrically connecting with an interface.

The voltage protection module 2 comprises a switch unit 201, a voltage division resistor 202 and a first control switch K1; the first end of the switch unit 201 and the first end of the voltage dividing resistor 202 are both electrically connected to the output end of the interface module 1, the second end of the switch unit 201 and the second end of the voltage dividing resistor 202 are both electrically connected to a first node a, and the first node a is electrically connected to the first end of the first control switch K1.

The voltage output module 3 comprises a first voltage output terminal S1 and a second voltage output terminal S2, wherein the first voltage output terminal S1 and the second voltage output terminal S2 are electrically connected with a second terminal of the first control switch K1 in an alternative mode; the first voltage output terminal S1 is used for outputting a first voltage, and the second voltage output terminal S2 is used for outputting a second voltage, where the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.

The voltage comparing module 4 includes a comparator a1, a first input terminal of the comparator a1 is electrically connected to the reference voltage terminal, a second input terminal of the comparator a1 is electrically connected to a second node B, the second node B is located between the first terminal and the second terminal of the voltage dividing resistor 202, and an output terminal of the comparator a1 is used for outputting a comparison level representing a comparison result.

Optionally, as an example, the interface of the embodiment of the present application is a motor interface, which is a high voltage interface, and M in the drawing denotes a motor.

Alternatively, the comparison level may be a high level or a low level, and when the comparison level is set to be the high level, the comparison level meets a preset condition, that is, the interface voltage is within the threshold voltage range.

The voltage protection module 2 of the interface protection circuit of the embodiment of the application can be according to the voltage of the high voltage interface of motor, when controlling first control switch K1 and connecting first voltage output end S1 or second voltage output end S2, correspond and form low pressure or high-voltage protection circuit, adjust the voltage of interface, the voltage of the high voltage interface of motor is controlled effectively, the stability of high voltage interface is improved, the unbalance phenomenon of motor work has been avoided, the structural layout of circuit is simple, voltage protection module 2 can also can regard as high voltage protection circuit as low voltage protection circuit. Meanwhile, the interface protection circuit of the embodiment of the application further comprises a voltage comparison module 4, the voltage comparison module 4 can compare the voltages of the two input ends, feed back a comparison level, monitor the voltage of the high-voltage interface in real time according to the comparison level, perform corresponding control according to the voltage regulation condition of the high-voltage interface, and facilitate timely adjustment of the voltage of the high-voltage interface.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the output of the interface module 1 comprises a first interface output, a second interface output, and a third interface output; the switch unit comprises a first switch unit, a second switch unit and a third switch unit; the first end of the first switch unit, the first end of the second switch unit and the first end of the third switch unit are respectively and electrically connected with the first interface output end, the second interface output end and the third interface output end; a second terminal of the first switching unit, a second terminal of the second switching unit, and a second terminal of the third switching unit, which collectively serve as a second terminal of the switching unit 201; the third interface output terminal is electrically connected to the first terminal of the voltage dividing resistor 202. The first switch unit, the second switch unit and the third switch unit of the embodiment of the application are arranged in parallel, and the interface module 1 outputs three-phase voltage and the three-way switch units in the voltage protection module 2 are correspondingly connected.

In some embodiments, the interface module 1 further comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3; the first end of the first resistor R1, the first end of the second resistor R2 and the first end of the third resistor R3 are all electrically connected with the interface; the second end of the first resistor R1, the second end of the second resistor R2 and the second end of the third resistor R3 are respectively used as a first interface output end, a second interface output end and a third interface output end. The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 of the embodiment of the application protect the three-phase voltage output by the motor, and prevent the voltage protection module 2 from being damaged by voltage impact caused by overlarge high-voltage interface voltage.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the first switching unit includes a first switching assembly and a first charge storage device C1; a first terminal of the first switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of the first charge storage device C1; a first terminal of the first charge storage device C1 and a second terminal of the first switch assembly are respectively used as a first terminal of the first switch unit and a second terminal of the first switch unit; the second switching unit includes a second switching assembly and a second charge storage device C2; a first terminal of the second switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of the second charge storage device C2; a first terminal of a second charge storage device C2, a second terminal of the second switch assembly, as a first terminal of the second switch cell, a second terminal of the second switch cell, respectively; the third switching unit includes a third switching component and a third charge storage device C3; a first terminal of the third switch assembly is electrically connected to a second terminal of a third charge storage device C3; a first terminal of the third charge storage device C3 and a second terminal of the third switching component are respectively a first terminal of the third switching unit and a second terminal of the third switching unit.

Alternatively, in the embodiments of the present application, the first charge storage device C1, the second charge storage device C2, and the third charge storage device C3 may all use capacitors, the voltage output by the interface may be filtered by the first charge storage device C1, the second charge storage device C2, and the third charge storage device C3, the limit value of the lowest voltage of the interface may be defined by the first charge storage device C1, the second charge storage device C2, and the third charge storage device C3, and the first charge storage device C1, the second charge storage device C2, and the third charge storage device C3 may play an effective role in low voltage protection limitation.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1, as an example, the first switching component includes a first diode D1 and a fourth diode D4 connected in series in the same direction; the second switch assembly comprises a second diode D2 and a fifth diode D5 which are connected in series in the same direction; the third switching assembly includes a third diode D3 and a sixth diode D6 connected in series in the same direction. An anode of the fourth diode D4, an anode of the fifth diode D5, and an anode of the sixth diode D6 are electrically connected to the first node a, and a cathode of the first diode D1, a cathode of the second diode D2, and a cathode of the third diode D3 serve as a first terminal of the first switching element, a first terminal of the second switching element, and a first terminal of the third switching element, respectively. Every switch module of this application embodiment adopts two diodes, is in order to improve the functionality of low pressure, overvoltage protection power, prevents simultaneously because the electric leakage or the loss scheduling problem that the diode became invalid and cause all the way.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the voltage dividing resistor 202 includes a first voltage dividing resistor R4 and a second voltage dividing resistor R5; a first end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R4 and a second end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R5 are respectively used as a first end of the voltage-dividing resistor 202 and a second end of the voltage-dividing resistor 202; the second terminal of the first voltage-dividing resistor R4 and the first terminal of the second voltage-dividing resistor R5 are electrically connected to the second node B. The maximum voltage limit value of the embodiment of the present application can be specifically calculated by the resistance values of the first voltage-dividing resistor R4 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R5, and the first voltage-dividing resistor R4 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R5 play a role in high voltage protection.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the voltage output module 3 includes a first interference preventing unit 301 and a second interference preventing unit 302; the first anti-interference unit 301 comprises a first voltage output terminal S1 and a first voltage terminal VCC1, and is configured to receive the first pwm signal and output a first voltage through a first voltage output terminal S1; the second anti-interference unit 302 includes a second voltage output terminal S2 and a second voltage terminal GND1, and is configured to receive the second pwm signal and output a second voltage through a second voltage output terminal S2; the second voltage terminal GND1 is grounded. In the embodiment of the present application, four pins of the voltage output module 3 are respectively disposed through the first interference prevention unit 301 and the second interference prevention unit 302, and the first Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) (pulse Width modulation) signal and the second Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal interfere with each other. The voltage of the first voltage terminal VCC1 can be selected according to actual conditions.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the voltage comparison module 4 further includes a reference voltage adjustment unit 401; the reference voltage adjusting unit 401 includes a first voltage adjusting resistor R6, a second voltage adjusting resistor R7, and a fourth charge storage device C4; a first end of the first voltage regulating resistor R6 is electrically connected with a third voltage end VCC 2; a first end of the second voltage regulating resistor R7 and a first end of the fourth charge storage device C4 are both electrically connected to a fourth voltage terminal VCC 3; the second terminal of the first voltage regulating resistor R6, the second terminal of the second voltage regulating resistor R7, and the second terminal of the fourth charge storage device C4 are all electrically connected to a third node C, which serves as a reference voltage terminal. The first voltage regulating resistor R6 and the second voltage regulating resistor R7 of the embodiment of the application improve the accuracy of the voltage value of the input reference voltage of the comparator A1. The third voltage terminal VCC2 and the fourth voltage terminal VCC3 may be connected to a voltage of 15V (volts).

Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the fourth charge storage device C4 may be a capacitor, and the first voltage regulating resistor R6 and the second voltage regulating resistor R7 perform a voltage dividing function by communicating the reference voltage values of the first voltage regulating resistor R6, the second voltage regulating resistor R7, and the fourth charge storage device C4.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the voltage comparison module 4 further comprises a second control switch K2; a first terminal of the second control switch K2 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the comparator a1, a second terminal of the second control switch K2 is electrically connected to the fourth node D or the fifth voltage terminal GND2, the fourth node D is electrically connected to the comparison signal output terminal S3, and the fifth voltage terminal GND2 is grounded.

Optionally, the second terminal of the second control switch K2 is electrically connected to the fourth node D or the fifth voltage terminal GND2 in an alternative manner, a third control switch K3 is disposed on a line electrically connecting the second terminal of the second control switch K2 and the fifth voltage terminal GND2, and when the second control switch K2 needs to be electrically connected to a line of the fifth voltage terminal GND2, the third control switch K3 is simultaneously closed, so that the second control switch K2 is electrically connected to the fifth voltage terminal GND 2.

In some embodiments, the voltage comparison module 4 further includes a third voltage dividing resistor R8, a first pull-up resistor R9, and a second pull-up resistor R10; a first terminal of the third voltage dividing resistor R8 is electrically connected to the second node B; a second end of the third voltage dividing resistor R8 is electrically connected with a first end of the first pull-up resistor R9; a first terminal of the second pull-up resistor R10 is electrically connected to the fourth node D; a second terminal of the first pull-up resistor R9 and a second terminal of the second pull-up resistor R10 are both electrically connected to the sixth voltage terminal VCC 4. The sixth voltage terminal VCC4 of the embodiment of the present application may be connected to a voltage of 15V.

Referring to fig. 1, the output end of the comparator a1 of the embodiment of the present application is connected to a reference power supply through two pull-up resistors, and meanwhile, the output end of the comparator a1 is connected to the comparison signal output end S3, the comparison signal output end S3 may be connected to a single chip or a controller to check the result of the voltage comparison value, and the second control switch K2 of the output end of the comparator may also be directly grounded to ensure the safety of the interface voltage. According to the embodiment of the application, the first voltage-dividing resistor R4, the second voltage-dividing resistor R5 and the third voltage-dividing resistor R8 can divide and limit the output voltage and protect the voltage input by the comparator A1, the first pull-up resistor R9 and the second pull-up resistor R10 play a role in referencing the voltage comparison value output by the comparator A1, the three-phase power supply of the first charge storage device C1, the second charge storage device C2 and the third charge storage device C3 is subjected to filtering processing, surge energy of the switching unit during diode operation is reduced, and the switching unit diode is also protected.

Based on the same concept, an interface protection system is further provided in the embodiments of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, the interface protection system includes a voltage sensor 5, a control module 6, and an interface protection circuit in the embodiments of the present application;

the voltage sensor 5 is electrically connected with the interface and control module 6, and is used for acquiring interface voltage of the interface and outputting the interface voltage to the control module 6.

The control module 6 is configured to control the second terminal of the first control switch K1 to be electrically connected to the first voltage output terminal S1 and control the first voltage output terminal S1 to output the first voltage when the interface voltage is the third voltage, so that the switch unit 201 is turned on; when the interface voltage is the fourth voltage, controlling the second terminal of the first control switch K1 to be electrically connected to the second voltage output terminal S2, and controlling the first voltage output terminal S1 to output the second voltage, so that the switch unit 201 is turned off; obtaining a comparison level output by the voltage comparison module 4, and controlling the first control switch K1 to disconnect until the comparison level meets a preset condition; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage and the fourth voltage is higher than the second voltage.

Alternatively, as an example, the interface of the embodiment of the present application is a motor interface 7 for supplying power.

Optionally, the third voltage and the fourth voltage in the embodiment of the present application may be classified according to a preset low voltage and an overvoltage, where the third voltage corresponds to the low voltage, and may be the low voltage when being lower than the preset voltage, or may be the low voltage within a first preset voltage range; the fourth voltage corresponds to an overvoltage, and may be an overvoltage when the fourth voltage is higher than the preset voltage, or may be a high voltage within a second preset voltage range. When the voltage of the interface voltage is within the threshold voltage range, i.e. between the low voltage and the overvoltage, the control module 6 controls the first control switch K1 to be in the open state, and is not electrically connected to the first voltage output terminal S1 and the second voltage output terminal S2.

The voltage protection system of this application embodiment adopts voltage sensor 5 to monitor the voltage of interface, adopts control module 6 can control first control switch K1 and first voltage output S1 or second voltage output S2 electricity to be connected and forms low pressure or overvoltage crowbar. Meanwhile, the embodiment of the application can judge the voltage of the high-voltage interface according to the received comparison level of the comparator A1, when the voltage of the high-voltage interface reaches the threshold voltage, the comparison level output by the comparator A1 meets the preset condition, the control module 6 controls the first control switch K1 to be electrically disconnected, and at the moment, the control module 6 can stop working. The voltage protection system of this application embodiment carries out system management with low pressure and overvoltage crowbar, can eliminate new energy automobile and go the in-process, and low pressure or excessive pressure problem appear in motor interface 7, has improved the security and the stability of high-pressure interface.

Optionally, the control module 6 is electrically connected to the motor interface 7, and is configured to control the motor interface 7 to be disconnected when the interface voltage is a fourth voltage and the fourth voltage is higher than the preset voltage, so as to avoid damage to the power supply device.

Optionally, the control module 6 is further configured to generate a first pulse width modulation signal and output the first pulse width modulation signal to the first interference preventing unit 301 of the voltage output module 3, so that the first interference preventing unit 301 outputs a first voltage through the first voltage output terminal S1; and is further configured to generate a second pulse width modulation signal and output the second pulse width modulation signal to the second interference preventing unit 302 of the voltage output module 3, so that the second interference preventing unit 302 outputs a second voltage through the second voltage output terminal S2.

Optionally, the control module 6 has a pin for outputting a PWM signal, and the control module 6 analyzes the interface voltage signal of the interface to output PWM signals with different duty ratios, so as to control the overvoltage and low voltage conditions. After receiving the interface voltage, the control module 6 initializes parameters and sets the crystal oscillator frequency of the control module and the output frequency and voltage peak value of the PWM pin. The embodiment of the application adopts the low voltage and overvoltage protection circuit of the PWM signal control high-voltage interface, effectively controls the lowest voltage limit of the high-voltage interface, increases the stability of the high-voltage interface, avoids the phenomenon of unbalance of the work of a motor, manages the low voltage and overvoltage protection circuit system, makes the structural layout of the circuit simpler, can eliminate the coupling influence generated by the protection circuit through different PWM signal waveforms, and improves the safety and the stability of the high-voltage interface.

Optionally, the control module 6 is further configured to obtain the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module 4, and control the second terminal of the second control switch K2 of the voltage comparison module 4 to be electrically connected to the fifth voltage terminal GND2 of the voltage comparison module 4 until the comparison level meets the preset condition.

Optionally, the duty cycle of the PWM signal input fluctuates at ± 5%. The voltage signal acquisition time of the interface voltage is within 0.1s, the execution time of the whole voltage protection system process is within 0.3s, and the interval length of the voltage threshold range is within 15V.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, including the interface protection circuit or the interface protection system of the embodiment of the present application.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides an interface protection method, as shown in fig. 3, which is applied to the interface protection circuit of the first aspect, and includes the following steps:

s301, acquiring interface voltage of the interface.

Alternatively, the interface may be a motor interface 7.

S3021, when the interface voltage is the third voltage, controlling the second terminal of the first control switch K1 to be electrically connected to the first voltage output terminal S1, and controlling the first voltage output terminal S1 to output the first voltage, so that the switch unit 201 is turned on.

S3022, when the interface voltage is the fourth voltage, controlling the second terminal of the first control switch K1 to be electrically connected to the second voltage output terminal S2, and controlling the first voltage output terminal S1 to output the second voltage, so that the switch unit 201 is turned off; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage and the fourth voltage is higher than the second voltage.

In some embodiments, controlling the first voltage output terminal S1 in step S3021 to output the first voltage includes: the first pwm signal is generated and outputted to the first interference preventing unit 301 of the voltage output module 3, so that the first interference preventing unit 301 outputs the first voltage through the first voltage output terminal S1.

In some embodiments, controlling the first voltage output terminal S1 in step S3022 to output the second voltage includes: generates a second pwm signal and outputs the second pwm signal to the second interference preventing unit 302 of the voltage output module 3, so that the second interference preventing unit 302 outputs a second voltage through the second voltage output terminal S2.

Optionally, step S3021 and step S3022 are two cases of interface voltage, and are not executed successively.

Optionally, the frequency of the first pwm signal is 15KHZ, the duty ratio is 40%, and the peak value is 15V; the duty ratio of the second pulse width modulation signal is 20%, and the peak value is 15V; the first pulse width modulation signal and the second pulse width modulation signal are used for equivalently generating a first voltage and a second voltage.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, when the interface voltage is a third voltage, that is, in a low-voltage state of the interface, the third voltage is lower than the first voltage, and reaches a diode threshold voltage of the switch unit, the diode is turned on, the voltage of the interface voltage is raised, and low-voltage protection of the interface voltage is achieved. When the interface voltage is a fourth voltage, that is, the interface is in an overvoltage state, the fourth voltage is higher than the second voltage, the diode of the switch unit is turned off, and the high-voltage interface is stepped down through the first voltage-dividing resistor R4 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R5, so that the voltage of the high-voltage interface is within the threshold voltage range.

And S303, acquiring the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module 4 until the comparison level meets a preset condition, and controlling the first control switch K1 to disconnect.

In some embodiments, in step S303, obtaining the comparison level output by the voltage comparison module 4 includes: the second terminal of the second control switch K2 of the control voltage comparing module 4 is electrically connected to the fourth node D to obtain the comparison level outputted by the comparison signal output terminal S3.

The method comprises the steps of obtaining a comparison level output by the voltage comparison module 4 until the comparison level meets a preset condition, and further comprising: the second terminal of the second control switch K2 of the voltage comparison module 4 is electrically connected to the fifth voltage terminal GND2 of the voltage comparison module 4.

Alternatively, it may be possible that the second terminal of the second control switch K2 is electrically connected to the fifth voltage terminal GND2 of the voltage comparison module 4, and the first control switch K1 is disconnected without a priority. When the interface voltage reaches the threshold voltage, the control unit may control the first control switch K1 to disconnect, and the second control switch K2 may stop operating after being electrically connected to the fifth voltage terminal GND 2.

Alternatively, the comparison level may be a high level or a low level, and when the comparison level is set to be the high level, the comparison level meets a preset condition, that is, the interface voltage is within the threshold voltage range.

In some embodiments, when the interface voltage is higher than the preset voltage, the interface is controlled to be disconnected, so that the power supply equipment electrically connected with the interface can be protected. At this time, the interface voltage is an overvoltage.

Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application further provides an interface protection method applied to the interface protection circuit of the first aspect, including the following steps:

s401, interface voltage of the interface is obtained.

S4021, when the interface voltage is the third voltage, controlling the second terminal of the first control switch K1 to be electrically connected to the first voltage output terminal S1, and controlling the first voltage output terminal S1 to output the first voltage, so that the switch unit 201 is turned on.

S4022, when the interface voltage is the fourth voltage, controlling the second terminal of the first control switch K1 to be electrically connected to the second voltage output terminal S2, and controlling the first voltage output terminal S1 to output the second voltage, so as to turn off the switch unit 201; the third voltage is lower than the first voltage and the fourth voltage is higher than the second voltage.

S403, controlling the second terminal of the second control switch K2 of the voltage comparison module 4 to be electrically connected to the fourth node D, so as to obtain the comparison signal output terminal S3 to output the comparison level.

S404, judging whether the acquired comparison level meets a preset condition, if so, executing steps S405 and S406, and if not, continuing to execute step S403.

And S405, controlling the first control switch K1 to be disconnected.

S406, a second terminal of the second control switch K2 of the voltage comparison module 4 is controlled to be electrically connected to the fifth voltage terminal GND2 of the voltage comparison module 4.

The specific methods of step S401, step S4021, and step S4022 in the present embodiment are the same as those of step S301, step S3021, and step S3022.

By applying the embodiment of the application, at least the following beneficial effects can be realized:

(1) this application embodiment can correspond according to interface voltage and form low pressure or high-voltage protection circuit, also voltage protection module can regard as low pressure protection circuit also can regard as high-voltage protection circuit promptly, adjusts interface voltage, when the interface is the motor interface, can control the voltage of motor interface effectively, has improved motor interface stability, has avoided motor work unbalance phenomenon, and the structural layout of circuit is simple.

(2) The voltage comparison module of the interface protection circuit can compare the voltages of the two input ends and feed back the comparison level, so that the voltage of the motor interface can be monitored in real time, corresponding control can be performed according to the voltage regulation condition of the motor interface, and the voltage of the high-voltage interface can be adjusted conveniently and timely.

(3) The voltage protection system of this application embodiment adopts the voltage of voltage sensor monitoring interface, and the voltage of real time monitoring motor interface can judge the voltage of high pressure interface according to the comparative level of the comparator that receives, carries out system management with low pressure and overvoltage protection circuit, can eliminate new energy automobile and go the in-process, and low pressure or excessive pressure problem appear at the motor interface, has improved the security and the stability of motor interface.

(4) According to the embodiment of the application, the PWM signals are adopted to control the low-voltage and overvoltage protection circuit of the motor interface, the minimum voltage limit of the motor interface is effectively controlled, coupling influence generated by the protection circuit can be eliminated through different PWM signal waveforms, and the safety and the stability of the motor interface are improved.

Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps in the processes, acts, or solutions discussed in this application can be interchanged, modified, combined, or eliminated. Further, other steps, measures, or schemes in various operations, methods, or flows that have been discussed in this application can be alternated, altered, rearranged, broken down, combined, or deleted. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the prior art having various operations, methods, procedures disclosed in the present application may also be alternated, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the description herein, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and may be performed in other orders unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flow chart of the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, which are not necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.