阅读说明：本技术 一种用于对比观察超声作用的微成形装置及成形方法 (Micro-forming device and forming method for contrasting and observing ultrasonic effect ) 是由 罗烽 刘长桃 王蓓 王振鹏 杨瑞祥 马将 徐斌 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及微成形技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于对比观察超声作用的微成形装置及成形方法。用于对比观察超声作用的微成形装置包括：成形模具、导热座、加热环以及压头。成形模具开设有模压腔,模压腔具有腔口,金属坯料放置于成形模具并遮盖腔口,导热座位于金属坯料的上方,导热座开设有料仓,导热座还开设有加热槽,加热环放置于加热槽并用于熔融柔性介质；压头的下端位于料仓,且向柔性介质施加向下的压力。本申请可以对更薄的金属坯料进行微成形,且成形后柔性介质和微制件易于分离,并将本装置的成形结果与加有超声装置的成形结果进行对比以观察超声在成形过程中所产生的影响。(The application relates to the technical field of micro-forming, in particular to a micro-forming device and a forming method for contrasting and observing ultrasonic action. A micro-forming device for comparative visualization of ultrasound effects comprising: the device comprises a forming die, a heat conducting seat, a heating ring and a pressure head. The forming die is provided with a die pressing cavity, the die pressing cavity is provided with a cavity opening, the metal blank is placed in the forming die and covers the cavity opening, the heat conducting seat is positioned above the metal blank, the heat conducting seat is provided with a material bin and a heating groove, and the heating ring is placed in the heating groove and used for melting the flexible medium; the lower end of the pressure head is located in the bin and applies downward pressure to the flexible media. The application can carry out the micro-forming to thinner metal blank, and flexible medium and micro-finished piece are easily separated after the formation to compare the formation result of this device with the formation result that adds ultrasonic device in order to observe the influence that the supersound produced in the forming process.)

1. A micro-forming device for contrasting the effect of ultrasound for forming a metal blank in sheet form into a micro-article, characterized in that it comprises: the device comprises a forming die, a heat conducting seat, a heating ring and a pressure head; the forming die is provided with a die pressing cavity, the die pressing cavity is provided with a cavity opening, the cavity opening is arranged upwards, the metal blank is placed in the forming die and covers the cavity opening, the heat conducting seat is positioned above the metal blank and tightly presses the metal blank towards the forming die, the surface of the heat conducting seat, which is far away from the metal blank, is provided with a bin, the bin is communicated with the metal blank and contains a flexible medium, the heat conducting seat is also provided with a heating groove, the extending path of the heating groove is annularly arranged and is arranged around the circumferential direction of the bin, and the heating ring is placed in the heating groove and is used for melting the flexible medium; the lower end of the pressure head is positioned in the storage bin, and downward pressure is applied to the flexible medium and the flexible medium in a molten state is pushed, so that the flexible medium presses the metal blank into the die pressing cavity to be expanded into the micro-finished piece.

2. A microforming device for comparative visualization of ultrasound effects as in claim 1, wherein: the opening of the bin completely covers the orifice of the die pressing cavity.

3. A microforming device for comparative visualization of ultrasound effects as in claim 1, wherein: the heat conduction seat is including compressing tightly the heat-conducting plate and the one end of metal blank are connected the guide post of heat-conducting plate, and the other end of guide post extends the setting up, the feed bin is seted up in the heat-conducting plate, the guiding hole has been seted up in the middle of the guide post, the feed bin intercommunication the guiding hole, the heating tank is seted up in the heat-conducting plate duplex winding the circumference of guide post is arranged, the one end warp of pressure head guiding hole and butt are located in the feed bin flexible medium.

4. A microforming device for comparative visualization of ultrasound effects as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a little forming device for contrasting observe ultrasonic action still including connecting the heat-conducting plate and with the gland that the heat-conducting plate range upon range of setting, the gland corresponds the hole of dodging has been seted up to the position of guide post, the one end of guide post is passed the hole of dodging, just the gland is located the top of heating ring and with the heating ring is the setting of predetermined distance.

5. A microforming device for comparative visualization of ultrasound effects as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the gland includes that lid and one end are connected the spacing boss of lid, dodge the hole set up in the lid and link up spacing boss, the holding chamber has still been seted up to the heat-conducting plate, set up in the heating groove the tank bottom in holding chamber, the lid is located the holding chamber, and the other end of spacing boss extends to in the heating groove and with the heating ring is the setting of predetermined distance.

6. A microforming device for comparative observation of the effect of ultrasound according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the micro-forming device for contrasting and observing the ultrasonic effect further comprises a temperature controller and a temperature sensor connected with the heat conducting seat, wherein the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the heat conducting seat, and the temperature controller controls the heating ring according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

7. A microforming device for comparative observation of the effect of ultrasound according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the micro-forming device for contrasting and observing the ultrasonic effect further comprises a bottom plate, and the bottom plate, the forming die, the metal blank and the heat conducting seat are sequentially stacked.

8. A microforming device for comparative visualization of ultrasound effects as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the micro-forming device for contrasting and observing the ultrasonic effect further comprises a locking bolt for connecting the bottom plate and the heat conducting seat, the heat conducting seat is provided with a through hole, the position of the bottom plate corresponding to the through hole is provided with a first threaded hole, and one end of the locking bolt penetrates through the through hole and is screwed in the first threaded hole.

9. A microforming device for comparative visualization of ultrasound effects as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the micro-forming device for contrasting and observing the ultrasonic effect further comprises a fastening bolt, a connecting through hole is formed in the cover body, a second threaded hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the connecting through hole, of the cavity bottom of the accommodating cavity, and one end of the fastening bolt penetrates through the connecting through hole and is screwed in the second threaded hole.

10. A forming method using the micro-forming device for comparative observation of ultrasonic action and forming the metal blank into a micro-article, characterized in that the forming method comprises the steps of:

s1: preparing a forming die with a die pressing cavity, a heat conducting seat, a heating ring and a pressure head;

s2: the surface of the heat conduction seat, which is far away from the metal blank, is provided with a bin, the bin penetrates through the metal blank, the flexible medium is placed in the bin, the heat conduction seat is provided with a heating groove, the extending path of the heating groove is annularly arranged and is arranged around the circumferential direction of the bin, and the heating ring is placed in the heating groove and is used for melting the flexible medium;

s3: the die pressing cavity is provided with a cavity opening which is arranged upwards, the metal blank is placed on the forming die and covers the cavity opening, the heat conducting seat is arranged above the metal blank, and the metal blank is pressed towards the forming die;

s4: and accommodating the lower end of the pressure head in the storage bin, applying external force on the pressure head, and pushing the flexible medium in a molten state by the pressure head so that the flexible medium presses the metal blank into the die pressing cavity to form the micro-finished piece.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of micro-forming, in particular to a micro-forming device and a forming method for contrasting and observing ultrasonic action.

Background

The manufacture of micro-parts is an important direction for the development of the manufacturing industry at present and is also the basis for realizing the miniaturization and miniaturization of products. Micro-forming is an important branch of micro-fabrication. Micro-forming refers to a metal working process that forces a metal blank (including sheet and bulk materials) to deform with pressure to produce a micro-article or microstructure having a characteristic dimension of less than 1mm in two dimensions.

There are currently many methods for sheet metal microforming, including: conventional mechanical forming (cooperation of a rigid punch and a rigid die), conventional viscous medium forming, ultrasonic vibration and melting of plastic powder for flexible punch forming, laser shock forming, electromagnetic shock forming, hydraulic forming, high-pressure gas forming, high-pressure water jet forming and the like.

The use of a viscous medium as a flexible punch for forming sheet metal has many advantages, such as: the stress distribution on the plate material can be more uniform, so that the thickness change of each part of the plate material is more uniform, the local severe thinning of the thickness of the plate material is avoided, the necking of the blank is delayed, and the deformability of the material is improved; the viscous medium has good fluidity and filling performance, can transmit high pressure, and can enable the plate to be well adhered to the cavity wall of the die pressing cavity for forming; the material with high strength and low plasticity and difficult deformation can be formed, the complex shape can be formed, and the micro-product with high dimensional precision and high surface quality can be obtained; only a single-side die is needed, the manufacturing cost of the die is saved, and the problem that the rigid punch and the rigid female die are difficult to align in the micro-forming process is also solved, and the like.

Among them, viscous media have long been put to practical use in the formation of macroscopically large-sized articles. However, the conventional viscous medium (which is in a viscous fluid state at normal temperature, such as high-viscosity methyl silicone oil) is difficult to clean the viscous medium adhered to the surface of the formed part, and the wide application of the method is also hindered. In the micro-forming, because the product is extremely tiny and the cleaning of the viscous medium is more difficult, related research reports rarely occur, and the advantages of the viscous medium forming are not fully exerted in the micro-forming.

The forming of the flexible punch from the ultrasonically melted plastic powder is effected by applying ultrasonic vibrations to the metal blank, and the important meaning of the method is to introduce ultrasonic vibrations into the microforming, which makes the method an ultrasonic microforming method. Ultrasonic micro-forming can greatly reduce forming force, can obtain a product with larger deformation, and can also improve the quality of the micro-product, which is an advantage brought by the application of the ultrasonic waves. However, since ultrasonic vibration is applied, a thin metal plate (for example, a metal plate having a thickness of 5 μm or less) is likely to be cracked by repeated collision between the metal material and the die due to the ultrasonic vibration.

More importantly, in the method of using the ultrasonic molten plastic powder as the flexible punch, the molten plastic powder utilizes the ultrasonic to enable the plastic powder particles to rub and collide with each other, so that the temperature of the plastic powder is increased to form a molten plastic viscous medium, and the viscous medium is solidified immediately after the ultrasonic stops, so that the influence of the ultrasonic on the metal plate in the forming process cannot be observed, and the forming quality of the micro-manufactured part cannot be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application aims to provide a micro-forming device for comparing and observing ultrasonic effects, and aims to provide a feasible solution for forming thinner metal sheets so as to make up the defect that the forming method of a flexible punch head made of ultrasonic molten plastic powder cannot form thinner metal sheets; and the problem that the conventional viscous medium is attached to the surface of a workpiece and is not easy to clean after the workpiece is formed is solved.

In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, there is provided a micro-forming device for comparative observation of ultrasonic effects for forming a metal blank in sheet form into a micro-article, the micro-forming device for comparative observation of ultrasonic effects comprising: the device comprises a forming die, a heat conducting seat, a heating ring and a pressure head; the forming die is provided with a die pressing cavity, the die pressing cavity is provided with a cavity opening, the cavity opening is arranged upwards, the metal blank is placed in the forming die and covers the cavity opening, the heat conducting seat is positioned above the metal blank and tightly presses the metal blank towards the forming die, the surface of the heat conducting seat, which is far away from the metal blank, is provided with a bin, the bin is communicated with the metal blank and contains a flexible medium, the heat conducting seat is also provided with a heating groove, the extending path of the heating groove is annularly arranged and is arranged around the circumferential direction of the bin, and the heating ring is placed in the heating groove and is used for melting the flexible medium; the lower end of the ram is located in the bin and applies downward pressure to the flexible medium and pushes the flexible medium in a molten state so that the flexible medium forces the metal blank into the die pressing cavity to be formed into the micro-object.

In one embodiment, the opening of the cartridge completely covers the orifice of the molding chamber.

In one embodiment, the heat conducting seat comprises a heat conducting plate for compressing the metal blank and a material guiding column with one end connected with the heat conducting plate, the other end of the material guiding column extends upwards, the bin is arranged on the heat conducting plate, a guide hole is formed in the middle of the material guiding column, the bin is communicated with the guide hole, the heating groove is arranged on the heat conducting plate and wound around the circumferential direction of the material guiding column, and one end of the pressure head abuts against the flexible medium in the bin through the guide hole.

In one embodiment, the micro-forming device for contrasting and observing the ultrasonic effect further comprises a gland connected with the heat conducting plate and stacked with the heat conducting plate, an avoiding hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the material guiding column, of the gland, one end of the material guiding column penetrates through the avoiding hole, and the gland is located above the heating ring and arranged at a preset distance from the heating ring.

In one embodiment, the gland includes a cover body and a limit boss with one end connected with the cover body, the avoidance hole is opened on the cover body and penetrates through the limit boss, the heat conducting plate is also opened with an accommodating cavity, the heating groove is opened at the bottom of the accommodating cavity, the cover body is located in the accommodating cavity, and the other end of the limit boss extends into the heating groove and is arranged at a predetermined distance from the heating ring.

In one embodiment, the micro-forming device for comparative observation of ultrasonic effects further comprises a temperature controller and a temperature sensor coupled to the thermally conductive base, the temperature sensor being configured to detect a temperature of the thermally conductive base, the temperature controller controlling the heating ring based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

In one embodiment, the micro-forming device for contrasting and observing the ultrasonic effect further comprises a bottom plate, and the bottom plate, the forming die, the metal blank and the heat conducting seat are sequentially stacked.

In one embodiment, the micro-forming device for contrasting and observing the ultrasonic effect further comprises a locking bolt for connecting the bottom plate and the heat conducting seat, the heat conducting seat is provided with a through hole, the bottom plate is provided with a first threaded hole corresponding to the through hole, and one end of the locking bolt penetrates through the through hole and is screwed in the first threaded hole.

In one embodiment, the micro-forming device for contrasting and observing the ultrasonic effect further comprises a fastening bolt, a connecting through hole is formed in the cover body, a second threaded hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the connecting through hole, of the cavity bottom of the accommodating cavity, and one end of the fastening bolt penetrates through the connecting through hole and is screwed in the second threaded hole.

In a second aspect, there is provided a forming method using the micro-forming device for comparative observation of ultrasonic action and forming the metal blank into a micro-article, the forming method comprising the steps of:

s1: preparing a forming die with a die pressing cavity, a heat conducting seat, a heating ring and a pressure head;

s2: the surface of the heat conduction seat, which is far away from the metal blank, is provided with a bin, the bin penetrates through the metal blank, the flexible medium is placed in the bin, the heat conduction seat is provided with a heating groove, the extending path of the heating groove is annularly arranged and is arranged around the circumferential direction of the bin, and the heating ring is placed in the heating groove and is used for melting the flexible medium;

s3: the die pressing cavity is provided with a cavity opening which is arranged upwards, the metal blank is placed on the forming die and covers the cavity opening, the heat conducting seat is arranged above the metal blank, and the metal blank is pressed towards the forming die;

s4: and accommodating the lower end of the pressure head in the storage bin, applying external force on the pressure head, and pushing the flexible medium in a molten state by the pressure head so that the flexible medium presses the metal blank into the die pressing cavity to form the micro-finished piece.

The micro-forming device for contrasting and observing ultrasonic action provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that: the heating ring heats the heat conducting seat to convert the flexible medium in the bin into molten state, and the molten flexible medium is pushed toward the metal blank by one end of the pressure head to make the metal blank move toward the mold pressing cavity under the compression of the flexible medium, so as to form the metal micro-product. The heating ring can provide continuous and stable heat for the flexible medium, and the metal blank does not repeatedly collide with the forming die due to no ultrasonic vibration, so that a thinner metal blank can be formed. The flexible medium is only pressed by the pressure head in the whole micro-forming process of the metal blank, and ultrasonic vibration is not applied on the pressure head, and by analyzing the forming parameters and the forming process of the metal blank in the embodiment and comparing the forming process with the ultrasonic forming, the reference and the comparison can be provided for the micro-forming applied with ultrasonic melting. After the micro-forming is finished, the flexible medium is recovered to a solid state from a molten state along with the reduction of the temperature, and the flexible medium shrinks and is automatically separated from the micro-workpiece, so that the convenience of cleaning the flexible medium is improved. The plastic powder is melted by adopting a heating method to form a viscous medium, and ultrasonic waves are not required to be applied, so that the method for using the ultrasonic melted plastic powder with the ultrasonic waves as the flexible punch can be compared, the difference between the application of the ultrasonic waves and the non-application of the ultrasonic waves under the condition that the same melted plastic is used as the flexible punch can be clearly understood and analyzed, the influence of the application of the ultrasonic waves on the forming of the metal plate can be known, corresponding improvement measures can be provided according to the influence, and the purpose of fully and effectively utilizing the ultrasonic forming advantage to improve the quality of the micro-manufactured parts can be finally achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a micro-forming device for comparative observation of ultrasonic action provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the micro-forming device of FIG. 1 for comparative observation of ultrasonic action;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat conduction seat of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and the specific meanings of the above terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In order to explain the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions are made with reference to specific drawings and examples.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the embodiment of the present application provides a micro-forming device 100 for comparative observation of ultrasonic effect, which is used for forming a metal blank 20 in a plate shape into a micro-product. Optionally, the metal blank 20 is in a thin plate shape and made of red copper, and optionally, the thickness of the metal blank 20 is in a range of 1-100 μm. The micro-forming device 100 for comparative observation of the effect of ultrasound comprises: a forming die 12, a heat conducting seat 22, a heating ring 40, and a ram 32. Optionally, the forming mold 12 is shaped like a plate and is flatly laid on the workbench, the molding cavity 10 is opened on the upper surface of the forming mold 12, and the molding cavity 10 has a cavity opening and the cavity opening is upward arranged. Alternatively, the shape of the molding cavity 10 is determined by the shape of the metal micro-object to be processed, and the molding cavity 10 may be a micro-circular hole or a micro-groove, and the molding cavity 10 is a micro-groove in this embodiment. The metal blank 20 is placed on the forming die 12 and covers the cavity opening, and the heat conducting seat 22 is positioned above the metal blank 20 and presses the metal blank 20 towards the forming die 12, so that the plate edge of the metal blank 20 is kept stable during the forming process. The heat conducting seat 22 has a bin 224 formed on a surface thereof facing away from the metal blank 20, and the bin 224 penetrates through the metal blank 20 and accommodates the flexible medium 30. Alternatively, the flexible medium 30 may be various plastic powders. In this embodiment, the flexible medium 30 is plastic powder (EVA ethyl Acetate Copolymer), the EVA melting temperature is 90 ℃, the plastic powder is melted into a fluid viscous medium at a predetermined heating temperature, and the flexible medium 30 is returned to a solid state when the temperature is lower than the melting temperature after the heating is stopped. The heat conducting seat 22 is further provided with a heating groove 116, an extending path of the heating groove 116 is annularly arranged and arranged around the circumferential direction of the storage bin 224, and the heating ring 40 is placed in the heating groove 116 and melts the flexible medium 30 in the electrified state. Alternatively, the heating ring 40 is a ceramic heating ring 40 that generates heat when energized and transfers the heat through the thermally conductive seat 22 to the flexible medium 30 within the cartridge 224 to melt the flexible medium 30. The force applying mechanism applies a downward pressure on the upper end of the ram 32, as indicated by the arrow in fig. 1, while the lower end of the ram 32 is located in the bin 224 and transmits the downward pressure to the flexible medium 30 and pushes the flexible medium 30 in a molten state, so that the flexible medium 30 drives the metal blank 20 to stretch in the die chamber 10 and cut into micro-pieces. Alternatively, the force applying mechanism is a pressurizing device that applies a static pressure to the ram 32, such as an oil press, or a sonotrode of a sonotrode connected to the ram 32, and the sonotrode applies the static pressure only to the ram 32 without applying vibration.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the heat conducting seat 22 is heated by the heating ring 40 to transform the flexible medium 30 in the bin 224 into a molten state, and one end of the ram 32 pushes the molten flexible medium 30 toward the metal blank 20, so that the metal blank 20 moves toward the molding chamber 10 under the pressure of the flexible medium 30, thereby forming the metal micro-object. The heating ring 40 can provide continuous and stable heat to the flexible medium 30, and the metal blank 20 does not collide with the forming die 12 repeatedly to be broken because of no ultrasonic vibration, so that a thinner metal blank 20, for example, 1 to 5 μm in thickness, can be formed. The metal blank 20 is subjected to the pressure of the pressure head 32 only and no ultrasonic vibration is applied to the pressure head 32 during the whole micro-forming process, so that the micro-forming applied with ultrasonic melting can be provided with reference and contrast by analyzing the forming parameters and the forming process of the metal blank 20 in the embodiment. After the micro-forming is completed, the flexible medium 30 is restored to a solid state from a molten state along with the reduction of the temperature, and the flexible medium 30 contracts and is automatically separated from the micro-workpiece, so that the convenience of cleaning the flexible medium 30 is improved. Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the plastic powder is melted by a heating method to form a viscous medium, and no ultrasonic wave is applied, so that a method of using ultrasonic melted plastic powder with ultrasonic wave applied as a flexible punch can be compared, and the difference between the application of ultrasonic wave and the non-application of ultrasonic wave can be clearly understood and analyzed under the same molten plastic flexible punch material, so as to understand the influence of the application of ultrasonic wave on the forming of the metal blank 20, and accordingly, corresponding improvement measures are provided according to the influence, and finally, the purpose of fully and effectively utilizing the advantage of ultrasonic forming to improve the quality of the micro-manufactured part is achieved.

For example, by analyzing the change of the forming force without applying the ultrasonic wave in this embodiment and comparing the change of the forming force with applying the ultrasonic wave, the influence of the ultrasonic wave generated in the micro-forming process of the metal blank 20 can be quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed, which is beneficial to improving the micro-forming process of the ultrasonic melting method and improving the forming quality of the metal micro-product.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in one embodiment, the opening of the bin 224 completely covers the opening of the molding cavity 10. I.e. the inner diameter of the magazine 224 is larger than the inner diameter of the molding chamber 10, optionally the area defined by the cross-section of the magazine 224 completely covers the area defined by the mouth of the molding chamber 10, so that the flexible medium 30 can completely cover the mouth of the molding chamber 10 during the micro-forming process, thereby allowing the metal blank 20 to substantially fill the molding chamber 10.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in one embodiment, the heat conducting seat 22 includes a heat conducting plate 222 for pressing the metal blank 20 and a material guiding pillar 221 having one end connected to the heat conducting plate 222, the other end of the material guiding pillar 221 extends upward, a bin 224 is disposed on the heat conducting plate 222, the material guiding pillar 221 is provided with a guiding hole 117 axially disposed along the material guiding pillar, the bin 224 is communicated with the guiding hole 117 and the molding chamber 10, the heating groove 116 is disposed on the heat conducting plate 222 and circumferentially disposed around the material guiding pillar 221, and one end of the pressing head 32 abuts against the flexible medium 30 disposed in the bin 224 through the guiding hole 117. The metal blank 20 is pressed by the heat conductive plate 222, so that the metal blank 20 is stabilized during the micro-forming process. Alternatively, the depth of the guide hole 117 is much greater than the depth of the bin 224, and the engagement between the ram 32 and the guide hole 117 effectively seals the molten plastic powder within the bin 224 from escaping.

In one embodiment, the micro-forming device 100 for comparing and observing the ultrasonic effect further includes a pressing cover 50 connected to the heat conducting plate 222 and stacked with the heat conducting plate 222, the pressing cover 50 is opened with an avoiding hole 113 at a position corresponding to the material guiding column 221, one end of the material guiding column 221 passes through the avoiding hole 113, and the pressing cover 50 is disposed above the heating ring 40 with a small predetermined distance from the heating ring 40 to prevent the pressing cover 50 from damaging the heating ring 40.

In one embodiment, the pressing cover 50 includes a cover body 51 and a limit boss 52 having one end connected to the cover body 51, the avoiding hole 113 is formed in the cover body 51 and penetrates through the limit boss 52, the heat conducting plate 222 further has a receiving cavity 115, the heating groove 116 is formed at the bottom of the receiving cavity 115, the cover body 51 is located in the receiving cavity 115, and the other end of the limit boss 52 extends into the heating groove 116 and is located above the heating ring 40. Optionally, a spring washer may be disposed between the limiting boss 52 and the heating ring 40, so as to stabilize the heating ring 40 and prevent the heating ring 40 from being crushed by the limiting boss 52.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in one embodiment, the micro-forming device 100 for comparing and observing ultrasonic effects further includes a temperature controller 31 and a temperature sensor 13 connected to the heat-conducting base 22, wherein the temperature sensor 13 is used for detecting the temperature of the heat-conducting base 22. Alternatively, the temperature sensor 13 detects the temperature in the vicinity of the bin 224 in the heat conduction seat 22, and the temperature controller 31 controls the amount of heat generation of the heating ring 40 according to the detected temperature. Optionally, in the embodiment, the melting temperature of the EVA is 90 ° C, the heating temperature is controlled to be 2-5 ℃ higher than the melting temperature of the plastic powder, that is, the heating temperature range of the heating ring 40 may be controlled to be 92-95 ℃ by the temperature controller 31, and when the temperature sensor 13 detects that the temperature of the heat conduction seat 22 is lower than 92 ℃, the temperature controller 31 controls the heating ring 40 to start heating; when the temperature sensor 13 detects that the temperature of the heat conduction seat 22 is higher than 95 ℃, the temperature controller 31 controls the heating ring 40 to stop heating, and accordingly, the dynamic control is circulated.

Optionally, the temperature sensor 13 is a thermistor. The heat conducting plate 222 is provided with a temperature measuring hole 223, and the temperature measuring hole 223 extends to the cover 51 and is as close as possible to the storage bin 224. The temperature sensor 13 is disposed in the temperature measuring hole 223 to detect the temperature of the heat conducting plate 222, and indirectly monitor the temperature of the flexible medium 30 according to the detected temperature of the heat conducting plate 222, i.e. the temperature of the heat conducting plate 222 is controlled to be 2-5 ℃ higher than the melting temperature of the plastic, but not higher than the decomposition temperature of the plastic.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in one embodiment, the micro-forming device 100 for comparing and observing ultrasonic effects further includes a bottom plate 11, and the bottom plate 11, the forming mold 12, the metal blank 20, and the heat conducting base 22 are sequentially stacked. The bottom plate 11 is used to support the forming die 12, so that the forming die 12 is kept stable. Alternatively, the forming mold 12, the metal blank 20, and the heat conducting seat 22 may be fixed to a whole by the bottom plate 11, the bottom plate 11 and the heat conducting seat 22 are locked after the metal blank 20 is placed before each forming, and the bottom plate 11 and the heat conducting seat 22 are opened after the forming is completed, and the micro-object is taken out.

In one embodiment, the micro-forming device 100 for observing the ultrasonic effect further includes a locking bolt 23 for connecting the bottom plate 11 and the heat conducting base 22, the heat conducting base 22 is provided with a through hole 24, the bottom plate 11 is provided with a first threaded hole 111 at a position corresponding to the through hole 24, and one end of the locking bolt 23 is inserted into the through hole 24 and is screwed into the first threaded hole 111. Alternatively, the through-hole 24 is opened in the heat conductive plate 222, the bottom plate 11 and the heat conductive plate 222 are disposed oppositely, and the forming die 12 is located between the bottom plate 11 and the heat conductive plate 222. Optionally, four through holes 24 are formed, the four through holes 24 are arranged around the guide column 221 at intervals in the circumferential direction, the number of the first threaded holes 111 is matched with the number of the through holes 24, the first threaded holes 111 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the locking bolts 23 are screwed in the first threaded holes 111. Alternatively, the metal blank 20 is placed between the forming die and the heat conduction seat before the press forming, then the locking bolt 23 is tightened to fasten the base plate 11 and the heat conduction seat 22, and after the press forming is completed, the locking bolt 23 is loosened to open the base plate 11 and the heat conduction seat 22, and the micro-article is taken out.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, optionally, the micro-forming device 100 for comparing and observing the ultrasonic effect further includes a fastening bolt 28, the cover 51 is provided with a connecting through hole 29, a second threaded hole 112 is formed at a position of the bottom of the accommodating cavity 115 corresponding to the connecting through hole 29, and one end of the fastening bolt 28 penetrates through the connecting through hole 29 and is screwed into the second threaded hole 112 to detachably connect the cover 51 and the heat conducting plate 222. Alternatively, the engagement of the fastening bolt 28 with the second screw hole 112 integrates the lid 51, the heat conductive plate 222, and the like. After the ceramic heating ring 40 is damaged, the heating ring 40 is repaired or replaced by loosening the fastening bolts 28.

Optionally, after the metal blank 20 is formed, the heating ring 40 stops heating, and after a certain time of cooling, the fluid molten plastic cools to below the melting temperature to shrink and solidify and separate from the formed metal blank 20, thereby facilitating the cleaning of the flexible medium 30 and the micro-workpiece; finally, the locking bolts 23 are loosened, and the formed metal micro-workpiece is taken out.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the micro-forming device 100 for comparing and observing ultrasonic effect of the present application does not apply ultrasonic waves during the forming process, so as to be suitable for forming thinner metal blanks 20, such as 1-5 μm. Moreover, after the flexible medium 30 in the present application is cooled and solidified after micro-forming, the flexible medium 30 can be automatically separated from the micro-fabricated part, thereby solving the problem that the conventional viscous medium is difficult to clean.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the present application also provides a forming method using the micro-forming device 100 for comparative observation of ultrasonic effect. The forming method is used for forming the metal blank 20 into a micro-object, and comprises the following steps:

s1: preparing a forming die 12 with a die pressing cavity 10, a heat conducting seat 22, a heating ring 40 and a pressure head 32, wherein the pressure head 32 is connected with an external force application mechanism, and the force application mechanism applies downward pressure to the pressure head 32;

s2: the surface of the heat conducting seat 22, which is away from the metal blank 20, is provided with a bin 224, the bin 224 penetrates through the metal blank 20, the flexible medium 30 is placed in the bin 224, the heat conducting seat 22 is provided with a heating groove 116, an extending path of the heating groove 116 is annularly arranged and circumferentially arranged around the bin 224, and the heating ring 40 is placed in the heating groove 116 and melts the flexible medium 30 in a conductive state;

s3: the die pressing cavity 10 is provided with a cavity opening which is arranged upwards, a metal blank 20 is placed on the forming die 12 and covers the cavity opening, the heat conducting seat 22 is arranged above the metal blank 20, and the metal blank 20 is pressed towards the forming die 12;

s4: under the action of the force applying mechanism, the upper end of the ram 32 is pressed downwards, and the lower end of the ram 32 transmits the downward pressure to the flexible medium 30 and pushes the flexible medium 30 in the molten state, so that the flexible medium 30 presses the metal blank 20 into the die pressing chamber 10 to form the micro-object.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, alternatively, the heat conducting plate 222 with the heating ring 40 and the thermistor mounted thereon, the sheet-shaped metal blank 20, the forming die 12, the bottom plate 11, etc. are mounted at predetermined positions and fastened together by the locking bolts 23. The temperature controller 31 sets a suitable temperature range, for example, when the flexible punch is made of EVA plastic powder, the EVA melting temperature is 90 ℃, and the temperature range may be set to 92-95 ℃.

The ceramic heating ring 40 is powered on by turning on the power switch again, the ceramic heating ring 40 generates heat and raises the temperature of the heat conducting plate 222, so that the temperature of the plastic powder rises together, the plastic powder starts to melt after reaching the melting temperature (for example, 90 ° C of EVA powder), and after the plastic powder is completely melted, the ram 32 transmits downward pressure to the molten flexible medium 30, so that the molten plastic pushes the metal blank 20 to deform.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, alternatively, the molding cavity 10 in this embodiment is a micro-groove, and the micro-groove performs micro-bulging on the metal blank 20, that is, the metal blank 20 is pressed into the molding cavity 10 by the flexible medium 30 and performs micro-bulging. In other embodiments, the die cavity 10 is a micro-circular hole, so that the metal blank 20 is micro-blanked, i.e. the metal blank 20 enters the micro-circular hole and is cut by the periphery of the micro-circular hole, thereby obtaining a blanked micro-part.

Alternatively, various press forming processes such as micro blanking, micro bulging, micro drawing and the like can be performed by the micro forming apparatus 100 for comparative observation of the ultrasonic action, and only a different forming die 12 needs to be replaced. After the metal blank 20 is formed, the power supply of the heating ring 40 is turned off, after cooling for a certain period of time, the plastic powder is cooled to below the melting temperature and solidified, then the press head 32 is taken out, the locking bolts 23 are loosened, and the formed metal micro-product is taken out.

The above are merely alternative embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.