阅读说明：本技术 一种转向机齿条淬火装置及方法 (Steering engine rack quenching device and method ) 是由 汤晹 于 2021-08-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种转向机齿条淬火装置及方法,装置包括感应线圈(1)和喷淋机构(2),齿条(3)设置在感应线圈(1)内侧,所述的喷淋机构(2)上设有多个喷淋孔(21),喷淋孔呈螺旋状排布,具有与齿条(3)齿部相同的螺旋角。与现有技术相比,本发明降低了因材料热变形对齿条螺旋角的影响,提高了转向机的装配一次合格率。(The invention relates to a steering gear rack quenching device and a method, the device comprises an induction coil (1) and a spraying mechanism (2), a rack (3) is arranged on the inner side of the induction coil (1), the spraying mechanism (2) is provided with a plurality of spraying holes (21), the spraying holes are spirally arranged and have the same spiral angle with the tooth part of the rack (3). Compared with the prior art, the method reduces the influence of thermal deformation of the material on the helical angle of the rack, and improves the one-time qualification rate of the steering engine.)

1. The utility model provides a steering engine rack guenching unit, characterized in that, includes induction coil (1) and sprays mechanism (2), rack (3) set up in induction coil (1) inboard, spray mechanism (2) on be equipped with a plurality of holes (21) that spray, spray the hole and be the heliciform and arrange, and have the helical angle the same with rack (3) tooth portion.

2. The quenching device for the rack of the steering engine according to claim 1, wherein the spraying mechanism (2) is annular, and the rack (3) is arranged on the inner side of the spraying mechanism (2).

3. The steering gear rack quenching device according to claim 1, wherein the spray holes (21) are evenly distributed inside the spray mechanism (2).

4. The quenching device for the rack of the steering engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying holes (21) are round holes with the diameter of 1.5-1.8 mm.

5. The quenching device for the rack of the steering engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the centers of two adjacent spraying holes (21) along the axial direction of the rack (3) is designed according to the tooth pitch and the angle of the rack (3).

6. The steering rack quenching device according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the centers of two adjacent spray holes (21) in the spiral direction is designed according to the tooth pitch and angle of the rack (3).

7. The quenching device for the rack of the steering engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the end part of the induction coil (1) is provided with an induction head (4), and a magnetizer (5) is fixed on the induction head (4).

8. The quenching device for the rack of the steering gear according to claim 7, characterized in that the induction coil (1) is D-shaped and comprises a straight section and an arc section, and the straight section corresponds to the tooth part of the rack (3).

9. The quenching device for the rack of the steering engine according to claim 8, wherein the induction head (4) and the magnetizer (5) are arranged on a straight section, and the arc-shaped section is connected with the transmission assembly (6).

10. A method for quenching a rack of a steering gear, which is carried out by using the quenching apparatus for a rack of a steering gear according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

s1: placing the rack (3) at the inner side of the induction coil (1);

s2: after medium-frequency or high-frequency alternating current is passed through the surface of the rack, induced current with the same frequency is formed on the surface of the rack, so that the surface of the rack is heated;

s3: and cooling liquid is sprayed to the rack (3) through the spraying mechanism (2).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rack processing, in particular to a steering gear rack quenching device and method.

Background

In the gear rack steering engine, a steering engine rack in an oil cylinder is matched with a gear to meet the requirement of steering motion. In order to ensure the working reliability of the steering engine, the surface strength of the rack of the steering engine needs to meet the requirement of long-term use, and the surface strength of the rack of the steering engine is generally increased by adopting a mode of quenching the surface of the rack of the steering engine so as to ensure the working reliability of the steering engine. The common surface quenching method is that a rack of the steering gear is placed in a coil, and the induction current generated by the coil heats the surface of the rack through a heating coil to reach the quenching temperature, so that the surface quenching of the rack is realized.

With the market development of steering machines, the steering machine enterprises have ever-increasing requirements on the product quality and the one-time qualification rate index with high assembly requirements, and the accuracy requirements of the helical angle of the rack are higher and higher during the assembly of the steering machine (the moving force, the fit clearance and the like are directly influenced), but the deformation of the helical angle cannot be effectively controlled due to the fact that the helical angle of the toothed part of the rack is influenced by heat treatment deformation (induction quenching).

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a steering machine rack quenching device and method, which can reduce the influence on the helical angle of a rack caused by thermal deformation of materials and improve the one-time qualification rate of the steering machine during assembly.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a steering gear rack guenching unit, includes induction coil and sprays the mechanism, the rack setting is inboard at induction coil, the mechanism that sprays on be equipped with a plurality of holes that spray, spray the hole and be the heliciform and arrange, and have the helix angle the same with rack tooth portion. The spiral angle of the spiral line formed by the spiral distribution of the spraying holes is the same as that of the tooth part of the rack, and the arrangement design of the spraying holes enables the angle of the spraying holes to be consistent with that of a beta angle of a workpiece, so that tooth surfaces and tooth roots of helical teeth can be effectively cooled simultaneously and timely, and deformation caused by induction quenching of the rack is reduced.

Preferably, the spraying mechanism is annular, and the rack is arranged on the inner side of the spraying mechanism.

Preferably, the spraying holes are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the spraying mechanism.

Preferably, the spraying holes are round holes with the aperture of 1.5-1.8 mm.

Preferably, along the axial direction of the rack, the distance between the centers of two adjacent spraying holes is designed according to the tooth pitch and the angle of the rack.

Preferably, along the spiral line direction, the distance between the centers of two adjacent spraying holes is designed according to the tooth pitch and the angle of the rack.

Preferably, the end of the induction coil is provided with an induction head, and a magnetizer is fixed on the induction head.

Further preferably, the induction coil is D-shaped and comprises a straight section and an arc-shaped section, and the straight section corresponds to the rack tooth part.

Still further preferably, the inductive head and the magnetizer are arranged at a straight section, and the arc-shaped section is connected with the transmission component. The tooth top plane of the rack tooth part is parallel to the induction head.

A steering gear rack quenching method is carried out by using the steering gear rack quenching device, and specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: placing the rack inside the induction coil;

s2: after medium-frequency or high-frequency alternating current is passed through the surface of the rack, induced current with the same frequency is formed on the surface of the rack, so that the surface of the rack is heated;

s3: and spraying cooling liquid to the rack through a spraying mechanism.

More specifically, this guenching unit sets up on vertical numerical control quenching machine tool, and during operation, puts the rack in induction coil inboard, and the rack both ends are fixed, and transmission assembly drives induction coil and moves along rack axis direction, carries out scanning formula induction heating, sprays the mechanism and sets up at the induction coil rear, follows induction coil and moves along rack axis direction, sprays the coolant liquid to the rack through spraying the hole. The spraying angle of the spraying holes is consistent with the angle of the spiral angle of the tooth part of the rack, so that the tooth root of the rack is fully and rapidly cooled at the same time, the problem that stress variation is generated by successive cooling of the tooth root generated by the angle of the spiral angle during cooling is solved, and the thermal deformation of the spiral angle is reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, through the arrangement design of the spray holes on the spray mechanism, the tooth root part of the tooth is fully cooled during induction quenching, the influence on the helical angle of the tooth part of the rack due to thermal deformation of materials is reduced, and the first-time qualification rate of the assembly of the steering engine is improved;

2. according to the invention, the angle of the spray hole is consistent with the angle of the beta angle of the workpiece, and the tooth surface and the tooth root can be fully cooled simultaneously during induction quenching, so that the jumping caused by thermal deformation is effectively reduced, and the processing beat of subsequent straightening is reduced;

3. the quenching device is provided with the induction head, the rack to be quenched is heated and quenched after being scanned by the induction head, the universality is strong, and the same inductor can be used for induction heating quenching as long as the rod diameter and the tooth part of the rack are same in rotation direction;

4. the rack tooth part obtained by the quenching method has a stable structure and can meet various meshing high-precision requirements;

5. the invention can realize the induction heating quenching of the tooth part, the back part of the rack and the rod part of the rack on the same numerical control quenching machine tool under the condition of no shutdown, greatly improves the working efficiency and is suitable for mass production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a quenching apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the spray mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the spray mechanism of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-induction coil, 2-spraying mechanism, 21-spraying hole, 3-rack, 4-induction head, 5-magnetizer and 6-transmission component.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation processes are given, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

A steering gear rack quenching device is shown in figures 1-3 and comprises an induction coil 1 formed by winding a hollow copper pipe, a spraying mechanism 2, an induction head 4, a magnetizer 5 and a transmission assembly 6, wherein the induction head 4 and the magnetizer 5 are arranged at one end of the induction coil 1, the transmission assembly 6 is connected at the other end of the induction coil, and a rack 3 is placed on the inner side of the induction coil 1. The spraying mechanism 2 is annular and is arranged on the outer side of the rack 3 in an annular mode, a plurality of spraying holes 21 are spirally distributed on the inner side of the spraying mechanism 2, and the distribution spiral angles of the spraying holes 21 are consistent with the angle of the spiral angle of the tooth part of the rack 3. The spray holes 21 are circular holes with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm.

A steering gear rack quenching method is carried out by using the device, and specifically comprises the following steps:

place rack 3 at induction coil 1 and spray 2 inboards of mechanism, and both ends are fixed, and drive assembly 6 drives induction coil 1 and moves at the uniform velocity along 3 axis directions of rack, and induction coil 1 is formed by hollow copper pipe coiling, and induction coil 1 lets in high frequency alternating current, makes rack 3 surface temperature rise, sprays mechanism 2 and sets up in induction coil 1 rear, and the functioning speed is the same with induction coil 1, sprays the inboard hole 21 that sprays of mechanism 2 and sprays the coolant liquid to the tooth portion of rack 3.

Example 2

A steering gear rack quenching device comprises an induction coil 1 formed by winding a hollow copper pipe, a spraying mechanism 2, an induction head 4, a magnetizer 5 and a transmission assembly 6, wherein the induction head 4 and the magnetizer 5 are arranged at one end of the induction coil 1, the transmission assembly 6 is connected with the other end of the induction coil, a rack 3 is placed on the inner side of the induction coil 1, and the tooth crest plane of a tooth part of the rack 3 is parallel to the induction head 4. The spraying mechanism 2 is annular and is arranged on the outer side of the rack 3 in an annular mode, a plurality of spraying holes 21 are spirally distributed on the inner side of the spraying mechanism 2, and the distribution spiral angles of the spraying holes 21 are consistent with the angle of the spiral angle of the tooth part of the rack 3. The spray holes 21 are circular holes with an inner diameter of 1.8 mm.

A steering gear rack quenching method is carried out by using the device, and specifically comprises the following steps:

place rack 3 at induction coil 1 and spray 2 inboards of mechanism, and both ends are fixed, and drive assembly 6 drives induction coil 1 and moves at the uniform velocity along 3 axis directions of rack, and induction coil 1 is formed by hollow copper pipe coiling, and induction coil 1 lets in medium frequency alternating current, makes rack 3 surface temperature rise, sprays mechanism 2 and sets up in induction coil 1 rear, and the functioning speed is the same with induction coil 1, sprays 2 inboard hole 21 that spray of mechanism and sprays the coolant liquid to the tooth portion of rack 3.

The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.