阅读说明：本技术 一种水处理加氯控制方法和装置 (Water treatment chlorination control method and device ) 是由 刘惠光 赵芳 李洋 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种水处理加氯控制方法和装置,用于对水处理管路上进行加氯控制,水处理管路上设置有至少三个加氯点和至少两个余氯测试点,每相邻两个加氯点之间包括一个余氯测试点,该方法包括：获取每一个余氯测试点分别对应的测试余氯量；针对位于水处理管路末端的余氯测试点,判断该余氯测试点对应的目标余氯量与对应的测试余氯量的余氯量差值是否大于第一预设阈值；若是,针对至少三个加氯点中除位于水处理管路末端的第一加氯点之外的每一个第二加氯点,对该第二加氯点的加氯投加值进行调节；若否,则对该第一加氯点的加氯投加值进行调节。本方案能够提高水处理过程中的加氯控制精度。(The invention provides a water treatment chlorination control method and a device, which are used for performing chlorination control on a water treatment pipeline, wherein the water treatment pipeline is provided with at least three chlorination points and at least two residual chlorine test points, and a residual chlorine test point is arranged between every two adjacent chlorination points, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine test point; aiming at a residual chlorine test point at the tail end of a water treatment pipeline, judging whether a residual chlorine quantity difference value between a target residual chlorine quantity corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and a corresponding test residual chlorine quantity is larger than a first preset threshold value or not; if so, adjusting the chlorination adding value of each second chlorination point except for the first chlorination point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline in the at least three chlorination points; if not, adjusting the chlorination adding value of the first chlorination point. The scheme can improve the chlorination control precision in the water treatment process.)

1. A water treatment chlorination control method is used for performing chlorination control on a water treatment pipeline, at least three chlorination points and at least two residual chlorine test points are arranged on the water treatment pipeline, and one residual chlorine test point is arranged between every two adjacent chlorination points, and the method comprises the following steps:

obtaining the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine test point;

collecting water flow at the position of a water treatment pipeline where each chlorination point is located;

aiming at a residual chlorine test point at the tail end of a water treatment pipeline, judging whether a residual chlorine quantity difference value between a target residual chlorine quantity corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and a corresponding test residual chlorine quantity is larger than a first preset threshold value or not;

if so, aiming at each second chlorination point except for a first chlorination point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline in the at least three chlorination points, adjusting the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point, a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and water flow corresponding to the second chlorination point;

and if not, adjusting the chlorine adding value of the first chlorine adding point according to the residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline and the water flow of the first chlorine adding point.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein after collecting the flow of water at the location of the water treatment line at each of the chlorination sites, and prior to adjusting the chlorination addition at the second chlorination site, comprises:

judging whether the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point is the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amount or not;

if not, the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site adjacent to the front end of the second chlorination site is adjusted.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the addition value of the second chlorination point comprises:

re-determining the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a preset algorithm;

wherein the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site is determined by the following formula:

wherein, the delta Q is used for representing the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point; k is a radical of_pUsed for characterizing the proportionality coefficient; h (t) is used for representing the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point; t is_aFor characterizing the integration time coefficient; t is_bFor characterizing the differential time coefficient; q₀₂The device is used for representing the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; q'₀₂The device is used for representing the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; l is₀₂For characterizing the water flow corresponding to the second chlorination site.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the proportional coefficient, the integral time coefficient and the differential time coefficient in the preset algorithm are determined by:

inputting the residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point into a pre-trained target parameter prediction model;

a combined parameter is obtained that includes a proportionality coefficient, an integral time coefficient, and a derivative time coefficient.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the target parameter prediction model is obtained by:

acquiring a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and corresponding to each group of combination parameters of the water treatment pipeline in historical time;

generating a training set and a test set according to the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point corresponding to the rear end of the second chlorination point and corresponding combination parameters of each group of combination parameters; the training set and the test set respectively comprise residual chlorine quantity difference values corresponding to residual chlorine test points positioned at the rear ends of the second chlorination points and combined parameters serving as outputs, wherein the residual chlorine quantity difference values serve as inputs;

training a neural network by using the training set to obtain an initial parameter prediction model;

inputting the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point in the training set into the initial parameter prediction model to obtain a prediction combination parameter;

and if the difference value between the prediction combination parameter and the combination parameter corresponding to the residual chlorine amount difference value in the training set is smaller than a preset parameter threshold value, determining the initial parameter prediction model as a target parameter prediction model.

6. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising, after re-determining the chlorine addition value of the second chlorine addition point:

determining delay time by using a pre-trained time prediction model;

determining the time when the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination point is redetermined and adjusted as a first time;

determining a second time according to the delay time and the first time; wherein the second time is a sum of the delay time and the first time;

monitoring a second residual chlorine amount of the residual chlorine test point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline at the second time;

and when the second residual chlorine amount is the same as the first target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline, determining that the chlorination control of the water treatment pipeline is finished.

7. The utility model provides a water treatment chlorination controlling means for carry out chlorination control on the water treatment pipeline, be provided with at least three chlorination point and two at least chlorine residue test points on the water treatment pipeline, include a chlorine residue test point between every two adjacent chlorination points, the device includes: the device comprises an acquisition module, a judgment module and an adjustment module;

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine test point;

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the water flow at the position of the water treatment pipeline where each chlorination point is located;

the judgment module is used for judging whether a residual chlorine amount difference value of a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point acquired by the acquisition module and a corresponding test residual chlorine amount is larger than a first preset threshold value or not aiming at the residual chlorine test point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline;

the adjusting module is used for adjusting the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point, a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and a water flow corresponding to the second chlorination point aiming at each second chlorination point except for a first chlorination point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline when the judgment result of the judging module is yes;

and the adjusting module is also used for adjusting the chlorine adding value of the first chlorine adding point according to the residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline and the water flow of the first chlorine adding point when the judging result of the judging module is negative.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the adjustment module is further configured to:

re-determining the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a preset algorithm;

wherein the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site is determined by the following formula:

wherein, the delta Q is used for representing the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point; k is a radical of_pUsed for characterizing the proportionality coefficient; h (t) is used for representing the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point; t is_aFor characterizing the integration time coefficient; t is_bFor characterizing the differential time coefficient; q₀₂The device is used for representing the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; q'₀₂The device is used for representing the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; l is₀₂For characterizing the water flow corresponding to the second chlorination site.

9. A computing device comprising a memory having stored therein a computer program and a processor that, when executing the computer program, implements the method of any of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to carry out the method of any one of claims 1-6.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a water treatment chlorination control method and device.

Background

In the treatment process of a water plant, disinfection is a guarantee step for biological safety of drinking water. At present, most of domestic drinking water disinfection processes are chlorine disinfection processes, the free residual chlorine amount of factory water specified by domestic drinking water standards in China is not less than 0.3mg/L after being contacted for 30min, the tail end of a pipe network is not less than 0.05mg/L, and the residual chlorine amount of the pipe network still has disinfection capacity, but is still insufficient for secondary pollution disinfection. In chlorination disinfection, the chlorine dosage is generally required to meet the requirements of killing bacteria to achieve specified disinfection indexes, the required chlorine dosage for oxidizing organic matters and the like and the required residual chlorine dosage for inhibiting the reproduction of residual pathogenic bacteria in water. Meanwhile, carcinogens such as trichloromethane and tetrachloromethane are easily generated when the adding amount is too high. Therefore, it is important to control the chlorine addition amount correctly in the water treatment process.

At present, a chlorination process in a water treatment process is usually controlled by a manual control system or a PLC system, but as a chlorination system has the characteristics of large inertia and large lag, the transition process and the pure lag time are both longer, and the interference factors of the system are more, so that the adjustment is more frequent, the control precision is poorer, and the chlorination disinfection effect in the water treatment process is poorer.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a water treatment chlorination control method and device, which can improve chlorination control precision in a water treatment process.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a water treatment chlorination control method for performing chlorination control on a water treatment pipeline, wherein the water treatment pipeline is provided with at least three chlorination points and at least two residual chlorine test points, and a residual chlorine test point is included between every two adjacent chlorination points, the method comprises:

obtaining the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine test point;

collecting water flow at the position of a water treatment pipeline where each chlorination point is located;

aiming at a residual chlorine test point at the tail end of a water treatment pipeline, judging whether a residual chlorine quantity difference value between a target residual chlorine quantity corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and a corresponding test residual chlorine quantity is larger than a first preset threshold value or not;

if so, aiming at each second chlorination point except for a first chlorination point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline in the at least three chlorination points, adjusting the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point, a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and water flow corresponding to the second chlorination point;

and if not, adjusting the chlorine adding value of the first chlorine adding point according to the residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline and the water flow of the first chlorine adding point.

Optionally, after collecting the water flow rate at the position of the water treatment pipeline where each chlorination point is located, before adjusting the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination point, the method includes:

judging whether the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point is the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amount or not;

if not, the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site adjacent to the front end of the second chlorination site is adjusted.

Optionally, adjusting the chlorine addition value of the second chlorine addition point comprises:

re-determining the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a preset algorithm;

wherein the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site is determined by the following formula:

wherein, the delta Q is used for representing the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point; k is a radical of_pUsed for characterizing the proportionality coefficient; h (t) is used for representing the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point; t is_aFor characterizing the integration time coefficient; t is_bFor characterizing the differential time coefficient; q₀₂The device is used for representing the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; q'₀₂The device is used for representing the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; l is₀₂For characterizing the water flow corresponding to the second chlorination site.

Optionally, the proportional coefficient, the integral time coefficient and the differential time coefficient in the preset algorithm are determined by the following method:

inputting the residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point into a pre-trained target parameter prediction model;

a combined parameter is obtained that includes a proportionality coefficient, an integral time coefficient, and a derivative time coefficient.

Optionally, the target parameter prediction model is obtained by the following method:

acquiring a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and corresponding to each group of combination parameters of the water treatment pipeline in historical time;

generating a training set and a test set according to the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point corresponding to the rear end of the second chlorination point and corresponding combination parameters of each group of combination parameters; the training set and the test set respectively comprise residual chlorine quantity difference values corresponding to residual chlorine test points positioned at the rear ends of the second chlorination points and combined parameters serving as outputs, wherein the residual chlorine quantity difference values serve as inputs;

training a neural network by using the training set to obtain an initial parameter prediction model;

inputting the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point in the training set into the initial parameter prediction model to obtain a prediction combination parameter;

and if the difference value between the prediction combination parameter and the combination parameter corresponding to the residual chlorine amount difference value in the training set is smaller than a preset parameter threshold value, determining the initial parameter prediction model as a target parameter prediction model.

Optionally, after re-determining the chlorine addition value of the second chlorine addition point, the method comprises:

determining delay time by using a pre-trained time prediction model;

determining the time when the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination point is redetermined and adjusted as a first time;

determining a second time according to the delay time and the first time; wherein the second time is a sum of the delay time and the first time;

monitoring a second residual chlorine amount of the residual chlorine test point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline at the second time;

and when the second residual chlorine amount is the same as the first target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline, determining that the chlorination control of the water treatment pipeline is finished.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a water treatment chlorination control device for performing chlorination control on a water treatment pipeline, wherein the water treatment pipeline is provided with at least three chlorination points and at least two residual chlorine test points, and a residual chlorine test point is included between every two adjacent chlorination points, the device comprises: the device comprises an acquisition module, a judgment module and an adjustment module;

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine test point;

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the water flow at the position of the water treatment pipeline where each chlorination point is located;

the judgment module is used for judging whether a residual chlorine amount difference value of a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point acquired by the acquisition module and a corresponding test residual chlorine amount is larger than a first preset threshold value or not aiming at the residual chlorine test point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline;

the adjusting module is used for adjusting the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point, a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and a water flow corresponding to the second chlorination point aiming at each second chlorination point except for a first chlorination point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline when the judgment result of the judging module is yes;

and the adjusting module is also used for adjusting the chlorine adding value of the first chlorine adding point according to the residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline and the water flow of the first chlorine adding point when the judging result of the judging module is negative.

Optionally, the adjusting module is further configured to:

re-determining the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a preset algorithm;

wherein the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site is determined by the following formula:

wherein, the delta Q is used for representing the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point; k is a radical of_pUsed for characterizing the proportionality coefficient; h (t) is used for representing the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point; t is_aFor characterizing the integration time coefficient; t is_bFor characterizing the differential time coefficient; q₀₂The device is used for representing the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; q'₀₂The device is used for representing the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; l is₀₂For characterizing the water flow corresponding to the second chlorination site.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computing device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method according to any of the first aspects of this specification.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of the first aspects of the present specification.

The embodiment of the invention provides a water treatment chlorination control method and device, which are applied to chlorination control on a water treatment pipeline provided with at least three chlorination points and at least two residual chlorine test points. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a test residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine test point in a water treatment pipeline, and aiming at the residual chlorine test point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline, judging whether a residual chlorine amount difference value between a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and the corresponding test residual chlorine amount is larger than a first preset threshold value, if so, adjusting a chlorination adding value of each second chlorination point except for a first chlorination point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline; if not, only the chlorination adding value of the first chlorination point needs to be adjusted. Therefore, because one residual chlorine test point is arranged between every two adjacent chlorination points, the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline can be influenced by each second chlorination point arranged in front of the residual chlorine test point, and when the residual chlorine amount difference value between the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and the corresponding target residual chlorine amount is overlarge, the chlorination adding value of each second chlorination point needs to be adjusted; however, when the residual chlorine amount difference between the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and the corresponding target residual chlorine amount is too small, only the chlorine adding value of the first chlorine adding point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline needs to be adjusted. In conclusion, by means of multi-point chlorine adding, on the premise of ensuring the safety of the microorganisms in the water leaving the factory, chlorine is dispersedly added at multiple points, so that the chlorine adding amount of pre-chlorination and post-chlorination can be reduced, and the treatment process for synergistically reducing algae and disinfection byproducts in the water is realized; and the chlorination control precision in the water treatment process can be further improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a chlorination control method for water treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hardware architecture of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a chlorination control apparatus for water treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a chlorination control apparatus for water treatment according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a chlorination control system for water treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, and based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of the present invention.

Specific implementations of the above concepts are described below.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water treatment chlorination control method for performing chlorination control on a water treatment pipeline, where the water treatment pipeline is provided with at least three chlorination points and at least two residual chlorine test points, and each two adjacent chlorination points include one residual chlorine test point therebetween, the method including:

step 100, obtaining the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine testing point;

step 102, collecting water flow at the position of a water treatment pipeline where each chlorination point is located;

104, judging whether a residual chlorine quantity difference value of a target residual chlorine quantity corresponding to a residual chlorine test point and a corresponding test residual chlorine quantity is larger than a first preset threshold value or not aiming at the residual chlorine test point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline;

step 106, if yes, aiming at each second chlorination point except for a first chlorination point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline in the at least three chlorination points, adjusting the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point, a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to a residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and water flow corresponding to the second chlorination point;

and 108, if not, adjusting the chlorine adding value of the first chlorine adding point according to the residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline and the water flow of the first chlorine adding point.

The embodiment of the invention is applied to chlorine adding control on the water treatment pipeline provided with at least three chlorine adding points and at least two residual chlorine test points. Because a residual chlorine test point is arranged between every two adjacent chlorination points, the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline can be influenced by each second chlorination point arranged in front of the residual chlorine test point, and when the residual chlorine amount difference value between the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and the corresponding target residual chlorine amount is too large, the chlorination adding value of each second chlorination point needs to be adjusted; however, when the residual chlorine amount difference between the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and the corresponding target residual chlorine amount is too small, only the chlorine adding value of the first chlorine adding point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline needs to be adjusted. In conclusion, by means of multi-point chlorine adding, on the premise of ensuring the safety of the microorganisms in the factory water, the chlorine adding amount of pre-chlorination and post-chlorination can be reduced, and the treatment process for synergistically reducing algae and disinfection byproducts in the water is realized; and the chlorination control precision in the water treatment process can be further improved.

The manner in which the various steps shown in fig. 1 are performed is described below.

Firstly, aiming at the step 100, the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine testing point can be measured in real time through a residual chlorine meter; for step 102, the water flow at the water treatment pipeline position where each chlorination point is located can be measured in real time by a flow meter.

Secondly, in some embodiments, after step 102, before step 106, the following steps are specifically included:

judging whether the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point is the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amount or not;

if not, the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site adjacent to the front end of the second chlorination site is adjusted.

Specifically, when the measured residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine measuring point located at the front end of the second chlorination site is the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amount, it is not necessary to adjust the chlorination addition value of the adjacent second chlorination site at the front end of the second chlorination site, and the specific adjustment method refers to step 106. It should be noted that, because each residual chlorine test point is sequentially connected in series to the water treatment pipeline, when any residual chlorine test point located at the front end of the residual chlorine test point meets the condition that the corresponding test residual chlorine amount is the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amount, the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point located at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline can reach the same target residual chlorine amount. Therefore, in order to ensure that the residual chlorine test point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline reaches the target residual chlorine amount, the chlorination adding value of each second chlorination point needs to be adjusted, so that the precision of chlorination control is ensured through gradual adjustment.

It should be noted that the chlorine adding control on the water treatment pipeline is determined to be completed, the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline may be the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amount, or the residual chlorine amount difference value may be smaller than a second preset threshold value, and the second preset threshold value is smaller than the first preset threshold value.

For example, four chlorination points and three residual chlorine test points are arranged on a water treatment pipeline of a plant A, and a No. 1 chlorination point, a No. 1 residual chlorine test point, a No. 2 chlorination point, a No. 2 residual chlorine test point, a No. 3 chlorination point, a No. 3 residual chlorine test point and a No. 4 chlorination point are sequentially arranged according to the water flow direction. Wherein, the No. 4 chlorination point is the first chlorination point; 1. the No. 2 and No. 3 chlorination points are the second chlorination points. In step 104, when the residual chlorine amount difference between the target residual chlorine amount (0.7mg/L) corresponding to the residual chlorine test point No. 3 and the corresponding test residual chlorine amount (0.5mg/L) is greater than the first preset threshold value (0.10mg/L), it is first determined whether the test residual chlorine amounts corresponding to the residual chlorine test points No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 at the front end of the chlorine adding point No. 1, No. 2 are the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amounts, and if so, the test residual chlorine amount of the residual chlorine test point No. 3 can be adjusted to 0.7mg/L only by adjusting the chlorine adding value of the chlorine adding point No. 3.

In some embodiments, in step 106, the chlorine addition value of the second chlorine addition point is re-determined according to a preset algorithm;

wherein the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site is determined by the following formula:

wherein, the delta Q is used for representing the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point; k is a radical of_pUsed for characterizing the proportionality coefficient; h (t) is used for representing the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point; t is_aFor characterizing the integration time coefficient; t is_bFor characterizing the differential time coefficient; q₀₂The device is used for representing the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; q'₀₂The device is used for representing the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; l is₀₂For characterizing the water flow corresponding to the second chlorination site.

In the present invention, in order to make any residual chlorine test point located at the front end of the residual chlorine test point satisfy that the corresponding test residual chlorine amount is the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amount, the adding amount of each second chlorine adding point influencing the test residual chlorine amount of the residual chlorine test point needs to be adjusted. In the water treatment pipeline, according to the setting relationship of the residual chlorine test points and the chlorine adding points, the influence of the chlorine adding amount of the second chlorine adding point, the test residual chlorine amount of the residual chlorine test point at the front end of the second chlorine adding point and the current water flow of the water treatment pipeline on the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point at the rear end of the second chlorine adding point can be determined.

Specifically, when Q₀₂-Q'₀₂When the value of (a) is 0, namely, the chlorine adding addition value of the adjacent second chlorine adding point at the front end of the second chlorine adding point does not need to be adjusted, and the chlorine adding addition value of the second chlorine adding point needing to be adjusted can be determined only through the residual chlorine amount difference value h (t) fed back by the residual chlorine test point at the rear end of the second chlorine adding point. When Q is₀₂-Q'₀₂When the value of (A) is not 0, it is also necessary to first add chlorine to a second chlorination site adjacent to the tip of the second chlorination siteThe added value is adjusted, so the chlorine adding amount when the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the second chlorine adding point is adjusted to the corresponding target residual chlorine amount needs to be considered, namely the influence when the residual chlorine amount in the original water treatment pipeline changes needs to be considered. Therefore, in the water treatment pipeline comprising at least three chlorination points, the determination of the chlorination addition value of each chlorination point can be automatically realized by the method, so that the problem of low control precision caused by manual control is avoided; in addition, by the multi-point chlorine adding mode, residual chlorine test points and chlorine adding points can be arranged at each stage of water treatment management, so that the distance between any two chlorine adding points can be shortened, and the problem of low control precision caused by hysteresis is solved.

For example, as described in the previous example, when the tested residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point No. 2 is different from the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the tested residual chlorine test point, that is, when Q is equal to Q₀₂-Q'₀₂Is not 0, the addition value of the number 2 chlorination site is adjusted based on step 106. At this time, since the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine No. 1 test point is the same as the target residual chlorine amount corresponding thereto, the calculation using the formula in step 106 is such that when Q is calculated₀₂-Q'₀₂Is 0, then this time

Wherein, is Δ Q₂The chlorine adding value is used for representing the chlorine adding point No. 2; k is a radical of_p1Used for characterizing the proportionality coefficient; h (t) is used for representing the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point No. 2; t is_a1For characterizing the integration time coefficient; t is_b1For characterizing the differential time coefficient.

In some embodiments, the proportional coefficient, the integral time coefficient, and the differential time coefficient in the preset algorithm are determined by:

inputting the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point into a pre-trained target parameter prediction model;

a combined parameter is obtained that includes a proportionality coefficient, an integral time coefficient, and a derivative time coefficient.

In order to accurately determine the chlorine adding value of each second chlorine adding point, a proportionality coefficient, an integral time coefficient and a differential time coefficient influencing the chlorine adding value need to be determined according to the actual condition of the water treatment pipeline.

In some embodiments, the target parameter prediction model is obtained by:

obtaining a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to a residual chlorine test point which is positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and corresponds to each group of combination parameters of the water treatment pipeline in the historical time;

generating a training set and a test set according to the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point corresponding to the rear end of the second chlorination point and corresponding combination parameters of each group of combination parameters; the training set and the test set respectively comprise residual chlorine quantity difference values corresponding to residual chlorine test points positioned at the rear ends of the second chlorination points and combined parameters serving as outputs, wherein the residual chlorine quantity difference values serve as inputs;

training the neural network by using a training set to obtain an initial parameter prediction model;

inputting the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point in the training set into an initial parameter prediction model to obtain a prediction combination parameter;

and if the difference value between the prediction combination parameter and the combination parameter corresponding to the residual chlorine amount difference value in the training set is smaller than a preset parameter threshold value, determining the initial parameter prediction model as a target parameter prediction model.

In the invention, the proportional coefficient, the integral time coefficient and the differential time coefficient with the optimal combination can be obtained by obtaining the parameter prediction model based on the neural network training, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined chlorine adding amount and further improving the chlorine adding control precision.

In some embodiments, after step 106, comprising:

determining delay time by using a pre-trained time prediction model;

determining the time when the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination point is redetermined and adjusted as a first time;

determining a second time according to the delay time and the first time; wherein the second time is the sum of the delay time and the first time;

monitoring a second residual chlorine amount of a residual chlorine test point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline at a second time;

and when the second residual chlorine amount is the same as the first target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline, determining to finish the chlorine adding control of the water treatment pipeline.

It should be noted that the training method of the temporal prediction model includes:

collecting parameter data of a water treatment pipeline in historical time; the parameter data comprises the pipeline layout, the pipeline size and the water flow of the water treatment pipeline at different positions and the pipeline length between the second chlorination point and a residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point;

monitoring the chlorine adding addition value of the water treatment pipeline at a second chlorine adding point in the historical time and the testing residual chlorine amount of a residual chlorine testing point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorine adding point;

determining delay time by using a delay identification algorithm according to the parameter data, the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point and the tested residual chlorine amount of the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point;

determining parameter data and delay time obtained at the same time as sample data;

generating a training set according to the sample data, and training the XGboost model by using the training set to obtain a time prediction model; the parameter data in the training set is used as the input of the time prediction model, and the delay time is used as the output of the time prediction model.

In the invention, because the response time delay exists due to the transmission distance and the transmission working condition of the chlorination system in the water treatment chlorination control process, when the chlorination adding amount of the chlorination point is readjusted, the difference value between the time when the residual chlorine amount in the water treatment pipeline reaches the new stable point and the time when the chlorination adding amount of the chlorination point is readjusted is the temperature delay time. Therefore, in order to ensure the precision and accuracy of chlorination, a time prediction model needs to be trained according to the method for determining the delay time for each chlorination point and the adjacent residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the chlorination point, so that the problem of over-chlorination caused by readjustment due to misjudgment of poor adjustment precision is avoided.

It should be noted that, in step 104, for the residual chlorine test point located at the end of the water treatment pipeline, the residual chlorine amount difference between the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point and the corresponding test residual chlorine amount is greater than the first preset threshold, and a chlorine adding value needs to be added on the basis of the original chlorine adding amount of the second chlorine adding point; when the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point is larger than the residual chlorine amount corresponding to the target residual chlorine amount, step 106 needs to be executed, and one chlorine adding value is reduced on the basis of the original chlorine adding amount of the second chlorine adding point.

In step 108, as described in the previous example, when the residual chlorine amount difference between the target residual chlorine amount (0.7mg/L) and the corresponding test residual chlorine amount (0.62mg/L) corresponding to the residual chlorine test point No. 3 is not greater than the first preset threshold value (0.10mg/L), only the chlorine adding value of the chlorine adding point No. 4 needs to be adjusted, that is, the residual chlorine amount in the water at the outlet of the water treatment pipeline is adjusted to 0.7mg/L by fine adjustment. Specifically, the chlorination addition value of the chlorination spot No. 4 is calculated by the following formula:

ΔQ₀₁＝(Q₀₁-Q'₀₁)×L₀₁

wherein, is Δ Q₀₁Chlorination addition value, Q, for characterizing the chlorination point No. 4₀₁The method is used for representing the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the No. 3 residual chlorine test point; q'₀₁The device is used for representing the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point No. 3; l is₀₂For characterizing the water flow corresponding to the chloride point No. 4.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the embodiment of the invention provides a water treatment chlorination control device. The device embodiments may be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of hardware and software. From a hardware aspect, as shown in fig. 2, for a hardware architecture diagram of a computing device in which a water treatment chlorination control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is located, in addition to the processor, the memory, the network interface, and the nonvolatile memory shown in fig. 2, the computing device in which the apparatus is located may also include other hardware, such as a forwarding chip responsible for processing a message. Taking a software implementation as an example, as shown in fig. 3, as a logical apparatus, a CPU of a computing device in which the apparatus is located reads a corresponding computer program in a non-volatile memory into a memory to run. The water treatment chlorination controlling means that this embodiment provides for carry out chlorination control on the water treatment pipeline, be provided with at least three chlorination point and two at least chlorine residue test points on the water treatment pipeline, include a chlorine residue test point between every two adjacent chlorination points, include: the device comprises an acquisition module 301, an acquisition module 302, a judgment module 303 and an adjustment module 304;

the obtaining module 301 is configured to obtain a test residual chlorine amount corresponding to each residual chlorine test point;

the acquisition module 302 is used for acquiring the water flow at the position of the water treatment pipeline where each chlorination point is located;

the judging module 303 is configured to judge, for the residual chlorine test point located at the end of the water treatment pipeline, whether a residual chlorine amount difference between the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point acquired by the acquiring module 301 and the corresponding test residual chlorine amount is greater than a first preset threshold;

an adjusting module 304, configured to, when the determination result of the determining module 303 is yes, adjust, for each second chlorination point of the at least three chlorination points, except for the first chlorination point located at the end of the water treatment pipeline, a chlorination addition value of the second chlorination point according to a target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point located at the front end of the second chlorination point, a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point located at the rear end of the second chlorination point, and a water flow rate corresponding to the second chlorination point, which is acquired by the acquiring module 302;

the adjusting module 304 is further configured to, when the determination result of the determining module 304 is negative, adjust the chlorine adding value of the first chlorine adding point according to the residual chlorine amount difference corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point located at the end of the water treatment pipeline and the water flow rate of the first chlorine adding point acquired by the acquiring module 302.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the determining module 303 is further configured to perform the following operations:

judging whether the test residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point is the same as the corresponding target residual chlorine amount or not;

if not, adjusting the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination point.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting module 304 is further configured to:

re-determining the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point according to a preset algorithm;

wherein the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination site is determined by the following formula:

wherein, the delta Q is used for representing the chlorination adding value of the second chlorination point; k is a radical of_pUsed for characterizing the proportionality coefficient; h (t) is used for representing the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point; t is_aFor characterizing the integration time coefficient; t is_bFor characterizing the differential time coefficient; q₀₂The device is used for representing the target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; q'₀₂The device is used for representing the testing residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine testing point positioned at the front end of the second chlorination point; l is₀₂For characterizing the water flow corresponding to the second chlorination site.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting module 304 is further configured to:

inputting the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point into a pre-trained target parameter prediction model;

a combined parameter is obtained that includes a proportionality coefficient, an integral time coefficient, and a derivative time coefficient.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a model training module, the model training module is configured to perform the following operations:

obtaining a residual chlorine amount difference value corresponding to a residual chlorine test point which is positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point and corresponds to each group of combination parameters of the water treatment pipeline in the historical time;

generating a training set and a test set according to the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point corresponding to the rear end of the second chlorination point and corresponding combination parameters of each group of combination parameters; the training set and the test set respectively comprise residual chlorine quantity difference values corresponding to residual chlorine test points positioned at the rear ends of the second chlorination points and combined parameters serving as outputs, wherein the residual chlorine quantity difference values serve as inputs;

training the neural network by using a training set to obtain an initial parameter prediction model;

inputting the residual chlorine quantity difference value corresponding to the residual chlorine test point positioned at the rear end of the second chlorination point in the training set into an initial parameter prediction model to obtain a prediction combination parameter;

and if the difference value between the prediction combination parameter and the combination parameter corresponding to the residual chlorine amount difference value in the training set is smaller than a preset parameter threshold value, determining the initial parameter prediction model as a target parameter prediction model.

In one embodiment of the invention, the apparatus further comprises a verification module for performing the following operations:

determining delay time by using a pre-trained time prediction model;

determining the time when the chlorination addition value of the second chlorination point is redetermined and adjusted as a first time;

determining a second time according to the delay time and the first time; wherein the second time is the sum of the delay time and the first time;

monitoring a second residual chlorine amount of a residual chlorine test point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline at a second time;

and when the second residual chlorine amount is the same as the first target residual chlorine amount corresponding to the residual chlorine test point at the tail end of the water treatment pipeline, determining to finish the chlorine adding control of the water treatment pipeline.

In the present invention, the water treatment chlorination control apparatus may further include: the device comprises an ARM9 processor, a power supply, a reset circuit, a memory chip, a synchronous dynamic random access memory, an interface chip, an Ethernet physical layer PHY interface chip, a network protocol unit and a conversion circuit; the ARM9 processor is used for executing the water treatment chlorination control method, and the ARM9 processor comprises an acquisition module, a judgment module and an adjustment module;

the ARM9 processor is respectively connected with a power supply, a reset circuit, a memory chip, a synchronous dynamic random access memory, an interface chip, an Ethernet physical layer PHY interface chip, a network protocol unit and a conversion circuit.

It should be noted that the conversion circuit includes a four-way V/I conversion circuit, an eight-way I/V conversion circuit, a four-channel D/a conversion circuit, and an eight-channel a/D conversion circuit; the four-channel D/A conversion circuit is connected with the four-way V/I conversion circuit; the eight-channel A/D conversion circuit is connected with the eight paths of I/V conversion circuits.

It should be noted that the network protocol unit includes a 5G module, a 4G module, a 3G module, and a WiFi module.

Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a structure diagram of a chlorination control device for water treatment is shown. In FIG. 4, the ARM9(1) processor chip selects the ST 32-bit high performance processor STM32H 75; the switching power supply module (power supply, 2) realizes the power supply function of converting DC24V input power into DC5V and DC DC3.3V and supplies power for an ARM9 processor and a peripheral circuit system; the reset circuit 3 provides two reset modes of power-on reset and key reset for the system; an extended FLASH (memory chip, 4) and an extended SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory, 5) provide an extended program memory and a data memory for an ARM9 processor; the RS232 interface circuit (interface chip, 6) provides an RS232 interface for the device, and can realize the functions of parameter configuration, firmware update and the like of the device; the Ethernet PHY interface chip (7) provides an Ethernet interface for the device, and the Ethernet interface is connected with the control center through the Ethernet interface to realize the monitoring function of a local system, and can be accessed to the network to further realize the functions of remote monitoring, remote firmware maintenance and upgrade and the like; the 4G interface module (network protocol unit, 8) realizes the wireless 4G network access function; the RS485 interface chip (interface chip, 9) realizes the conversion between the system level and the RS485 level and is connected with the touch screen (10) through the RS485 interface; the touch screen 10 is used as a man-machine interface device of the device to realize the functions of parameter setting, display, control operation and the like; the eight paths of I/V conversion circuits (11) realize the functions of converting 4-20 mA current signals of the four paths of flow meters and 4-20 mA current signals of the three paths of residual chlorine meters into 0-5V voltage signals and conditioning the signals, and the I/V conversion circuits are realized through a resistance network; the eight-channel A/D conversion circuit (12) is used for converting eight paths of 0-5V voltage signals and digital signals, and the eight-channel A/D conversion circuit (12) adopts an ADS8688 model of ADI company; the four-channel D/A conversion circuit (13) realizes conversion output from four paths of digital signals to 0-5V analog signals, the four-channel V/I conversion circuit (14) realizes conversion of four paths of 0-5V voltage signals and 4-20 mA current signals to respectively control the opening degree of the electromagnetic valves of the chlorination points 1-4, wherein the four-channel D/A conversion circuit (13) adopts an LTC2664 model of an ADI company, and the four-channel V/I conversion circuit (14) adopts a V/I conversion chip XTR111 model with high cost performance of a TI company.

The invention also provides a water treatment chlorination control system. The system comprises: the water treatment chlorination control device provided by any one of the embodiments, at least two residual chlorine meters, at least three flow meters and at least three electromagnetic valves;

the flowmeter, the residual chlorine meter and the electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with a water treatment chlorination control device;

the flowmeter is used for acquiring the flow rate of the water treatment pipeline where the chlorination point is located;

the electromagnetic valve realizes the adjustment of the chlorine adding amount by adjusting the opening degree; wherein, each chlorination point corresponds to one electromagnetic valve;

and the residual chlorine meter is used for acquiring the residual chlorine amount of the residual chlorine test point.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the system comprises: a water treatment chlorination control device, a first flowmeter 111, a second flowmeter 121, a third flowmeter 131, a fourth flowmeter 141, a first chlorine residual instrument 113, a second chlorine residual instrument 123, a third chlorine residual instrument 133, a first electromagnetic valve 112, a second electromagnetic valve 122, a third electromagnetic valve 132 and a fourth electromagnetic valve 142;

the first flowmeter 111 and the first electromagnetic valve 112 are positioned behind a water inlet pump chamber of the water treatment pipeline;

the first residual chlorine meter 113, the second flowmeter 121 and the second electromagnetic valve 122 are positioned behind a sedimentation tank of the water treatment pipeline; wherein, the first chlorine residual meter 113 is positioned in front of the second flow meter 121 and the second electromagnetic valve 122;

the second chlorine residual instrument 123, the third flow meter 131 and the third electromagnetic valve 132 are positioned behind the V-shaped filter of the water treatment pipeline; wherein, the second chlorine residual meter 123 is positioned before the third flow meter 131 and the third electromagnetic valve 132;

the third chlorine residual instrument 133, the fourth flowmeter 141 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 142 are positioned behind a clean water tank of the water treatment pipeline; wherein, the third chlorine residual meter 133 is positioned before the fourth flowmeter 141 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 142; wherein, the water treatment pipeline comprises a water inlet pump room, a sedimentation tank, a V-shaped filter tank and a clean water tank in sequence.

In the present invention, the water treatment chlorination control system as shown in fig. 5 is composed of three closed-loop controls and one open-loop control connected in series. The first closed loop system consists of a first flowmeter, a first electromagnetic valve and a first residual chlorine meter; the second closed loop system consists of a second flowmeter, a second electromagnetic valve and a first residual chlorine meter; the third closed-loop system consists of a third flowmeter, a third electromagnetic valve and a third residual chlorine meter; the open-loop system consists of a fourth flowmeter and a fourth electromagnetic valve. Therefore, the chlorine adding value of the chlorine adding point is adjusted through the electromagnetic valve in each closed-loop system, so that the obtained test residual chlorine amount of the residual chlorine test point is controlled to reach the target residual chlorine amount; in the open-loop system, the chlorine adding value of the chlorine adding point is adjusted through a fourth electromagnetic valve, and the residual chlorine amount at the third residual chlorine meter is controlled to ensure that the residual chlorine amount in the water finally output from the clean water tank meets the set standard.

In the invention, the original large-lag system is divided into a plurality of closed-loop control systems, and each subsystem is controlled in a grading way through a preset algorithm, so that the lag time of the system is shortened, and the flexibility, the control precision and the response speed of the control system are greatly improved.

It is understood that the illustrated structure of the embodiment of the invention does not constitute a specific limitation to a water treatment chlorination control device and system. In other embodiments of the present invention, a water treatment chlorination control apparatus and system may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or a different arrangement of components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

Because the content of information interaction, execution process, and the like among the modules in the device is based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present invention, specific content can be referred to the description in the method embodiment of the present invention, and is not described herein again.

The embodiment of the invention also provides computing equipment which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the water treatment chlorination control method in any embodiment of the invention is realized.

Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is caused to execute a water treatment chlorination control method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

Specifically, a system or an apparatus equipped with a storage medium on which software program codes that realize the functions of any of the above-described embodiments are stored may be provided, and a computer (or a CPU or MPU) of the system or the apparatus is caused to read out and execute the program codes stored in the storage medium.

In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium can realize the functions of any of the above-described embodiments, and thus the program code and the storage medium storing the program code constitute a part of the present invention.

Examples of the storage medium for supplying the program code include a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magneto-optical disk, an optical disk (e.g., CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD + RW), a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, and a ROM. Alternatively, the program code may be downloaded from a server computer via a communications network.

Further, it should be clear that the functions of any one of the above-described embodiments may be implemented not only by executing the program code read out by the computer, but also by causing an operating system or the like on the computer to perform part or all of the actual operations based on the instructions of the program code.

Further, it is to be understood that the program code read out from the storage medium is written to a memory provided in an expansion board inserted into the computer or to a memory provided in an expansion module connected to the computer, and then causes a CPU or the like mounted on the expansion board or the expansion module to perform part or all of the actual operations based on instructions of the program code, thereby realizing the functions of any of the above-described embodiments.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an …" does not exclude the presence of other similar elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for realizing the method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program executes the steps comprising the method embodiments when executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.