Integrated test platform for magnetic characteristics of laminated cores with different sizes
阅读说明：本技术 不同尺寸叠片铁心磁特性的综合测试平台 (Integrated test platform for magnetic characteristics of laminated cores with different sizes ) 是由 李永建 孟文斌 孙鹤 万振宇 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明为一种不同尺寸叠片铁心磁特性的综合测试平台。该平台包括基座、横向固定装置、移动结构、纵向固定装置、散热装置、加速度计、封装线圈、热电偶；所述的横向固定装置安装在基座的前后两侧；所述的移动结构安装在基座的左右两侧；所述的纵向固定装置安装在移动结构的滑轨上；所述的被测铁心横向放置在基座的纵向中轴线上；所述的散热装置安装在基座的横向中轴线上；所述的加速度计和热电偶贴在被测铁心表面；所述的两个封装线圈别安装在铁心的两个长边上。本发明具有实现功能丰富和准确度高的优点,可以实现室温下铁心磁特性和不同磁密下铁心磁滞伸缩的准确测量。(The invention relates to a comprehensive test platform for magnetic characteristics of laminated cores with different sizes. The platform comprises a base, a transverse fixing device, a moving structure, a longitudinal fixing device, a heat dissipation device, an accelerometer, a packaging coil and a thermocouple; the transverse fixing devices are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base; the moving structures are arranged on the left side and the right side of the base; the longitudinal fixing device is arranged on a sliding rail of the mobile structure; the tested iron core is transversely placed on the longitudinal central axis of the base; the heat dissipation device is arranged on the transverse central axis of the base; the accelerometer and the thermocouple are attached to the surface of the measured iron core; the two packaging coils are respectively arranged on the two long sides of the iron core. The invention has the advantages of rich realization function and high accuracy, and can realize accurate measurement of the magnetic characteristics of the iron core at room temperature and the hysteresis of the iron core under different magnetic densities.)
1. A comprehensive test platform for magnetic characteristics of laminated cores with different sizes is characterized by comprising a base, a transverse fixing device, a moving structure, a longitudinal fixing device, a heat dissipation device, an accelerometer, a packaging coil and a thermocouple;
the transverse fixing devices are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base; the moving structures are arranged on the left side and the right side of the base; the longitudinal fixing device is arranged on a sliding rail of the mobile structure; the tested iron core is transversely placed on the longitudinal central axis of the base; the heat dissipation device is arranged on the transverse central axis of the base; the accelerometer and the thermocouple are attached to the surface of the measured iron core; the two packaging coils are respectively arranged on the two long sides of the iron core;
the base is a rectangular plate, and the left side and the right side of the upper surface of the base are respectively provided with a strip-shaped through groove, namely a second movable hole; the two second movable holes are parallel to the vertical edge; the front side and the rear side of the base are respectively provided with 2 through grooves, namely first movable holes; the 2 first movable holes are in a group, have the same axis and are all parallel to the transverse edge of the base; 2 first grooves are distributed in the middle of a longitudinal central axis of the base, and two second grooves are distributed in the middle of a transverse central axis of the base;
two strip-shaped grooves with the same length are distributed on two sides of each first movable hole or each second movable hole in parallel;
the transverse fixing device comprises four transverse fixing units, and each transverse fixing unit comprises a base, a clamping groove, a handle and a threaded rod; the first base is provided with a vertical plate, the vertical plate is provided with a through hole with threads, the threaded rod is installed on the through hole in a threaded fit mode, one end of the threaded rod is provided with a handle, and the other end of the threaded rod is provided with a clamping groove;
screw holes are distributed on the central line of the lower part of the first base, and screws penetrate through the first movable holes from the bottom of the base to fix the first base on the base; the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the first base are respectively provided with a bulge which is embedded into the strip-shaped grooves at the two sides of the first movable hole; the clamping groove is an L-shaped folded plate, a plurality of heat dissipation holes and a countersunk hole are distributed on the inner wall of the folded plate, and the non-threaded end of the threaded rod penetrates through the countersunk hole of the folded plate and is fixed on the outer wall of the folded plate by a screw;
the four transverse fixing units of the transverse fixing device are opposite in pairs, each transverse fixing unit is installed on the first movable hole through the first base, the threaded rod is parallel to the longitudinal central axis, and the handle is located at the edge close to the base; the clamping grooves of the four transverse fixing units form a rectangular space in a surrounding mode, and the first groove and the second groove are located in the rectangular space;
the moving structure III comprises two second bases, 2 supporting frames and four sliding rails; screw holes are distributed on the central line of the bottom of the second base, and screws penetrate through the second movable holes from the bottom of the base to fix the second base 10 on the base; the left side and the right side of the second base are respectively provided with a bulge which is embedded into the strip-shaped grooves at the two sides of the second movable hole; a support frame of a rectangular columnar body is arranged on the second base; the four sliding rails are bridged on the inner sides of the upper ends of the supporting frames of the two second bases to form sliding frames;
the longitudinal fixing device comprises a motor, a motor shell, an upper threaded rod, a first cushion block, a pressure sensor, a second cushion block and a longitudinal fixing plate; the motor shell is arranged on a sliding rail of the mobile structure, and a motor is arranged in the motor shell; the upper end of the upper threaded rod is installed in the motor, and the upper threaded rod, the first cushion block, the pressure sensor and the second cushion block are connected in sequence through screws from top to bottom; the second cushion block is screwed into a screw hole in the center of the longitudinal fixing plate through a screw;
the longitudinal fixing plate consists of a transverse plate and two vertical plates, and two rails are arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate; a row of rectangular through holes are uniformly distributed on two sides of the upper central screw hole at intervals; two vertical plates are arranged on the bottom slide rail;
a rectangular iron core to be tested is arranged on a base in a rectangular space enclosed by the clamping grooves of the four transverse fixing units, and a packaging coil is respectively arranged in the middle of the long side of the iron core to be tested and is positioned on the first groove; a heat dissipation device is respectively arranged on the left and the right in two second grooves in the measured iron core;
the inner side and the outer side of the iron core corner of the measured iron core, the inner side and the outer side of the middle of the long side of the iron core, and the inner side and the outer side of the middle of the short side of the iron core are respectively stuck with a thermocouple; an accelerometer is also adhered on the outer surface of the measured iron core.
2. A comprehensive test platform for the magnetic properties of laminated cores of different sizes according to claim 1, wherein said accelerometer comprises an accelerometer housing, an accelerometer sensor, six springs, two legs, two fixed threaded rods;
the center of the accelerometer shell is a cylindrical cavity, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a round hole, the accelerometer sensor is positioned in the cavity, and the probe is exposed out through the round hole at the bottom; the two sides of the accelerometer shell are respectively provided with a cuboid hollow shell, the top of each hollow shell is sequentially and uniformly provided with three springs, and the springs are connected with the support legs.
3. A comprehensive test platform for the magnetic properties of laminated cores of different sizes as recited in claim 1, wherein said heat sink means comprises a fan cover, fan blades, a fan frame; the fan framework is positioned at the bottom, the fan blades are arranged in the center, and the fan cover is additionally arranged at the upper part; the two heat dissipation devices are respectively arranged in the two second grooves of the base.
4. A platform for integrated testing of magnetic properties of laminated cores of differing sizes according to claim 1 wherein each of said first or second apertures is provided with graduations on both sides of the slot adjacent the base edge.
5. A comprehensive test platform for the magnetic characteristics of laminated cores with different sizes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the encapsulated coils vii, each encapsulated coil is composed of 2 openable U-shaped half coils, and the two parts are arranged oppositely; the lead is sequentially wound on the coil frameworks of the 2U-shaped half coils; each wire in the coil framework of each U-shaped half coil is provided with a magnetic cushion block at the upper and lower turning positions.
6. The integrated test platform for the magnetic characteristics of the laminated cores with different sizes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated test platform for the magnetic characteristics of the laminated cores with different sizes further comprises a signal generating device, a power amplifier, a water-cooled resistor, a capacitor box, an integrated test platform and a data processing and collecting unit;
the data processing and collecting unit comprises a voltage probe, a current probe, a digital oscilloscope and a computer; the voltage probe and the current probe are respectively connected with the digital oscilloscope, and the digital filter is also connected with the computer;
the signal generating device, the power amplifier, the water-cooling resistor, the capacitor box and the primary winding (the first packaging coil) are connected in sequence;
the current probe is connected with the primary winding, and the voltage probe is connected with the secondary winding (the second packaging coil).
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of iron core magnetic characteristic measurement, in particular to a comprehensive test platform for magnetic characteristics of laminated iron cores with different sizes.
Background
The switching power converter can realize the conversion of different forms of electric energy, and as an efficient electric energy conversion device, the application field of the switching power converter is increasingly wide and popular, so that the development of a power converter with high reliability, high efficiency and high power density has important practical significance for improving the electric energy conversion efficiency and reducing the energy consumption. Magnetic components, such as transformers and inductors, are relatively slow to advance due to the magnetic and conductive materials, and require an objective design due to the complex manufacturing process. Therefore, magnetic component technology has become a focus of attention in both academic and industrial circles at home and abroad.
As power converters move toward high frequencies and high power densities, magnetic component losses become one of the major factors that limit their development. The loss of the magnetic element mainly comprises winding loss and core loss, the current research on the winding loss is relatively mature from mechanism, model, simulation, design to application, and a precise impedance analyzer and an electromagnetic field simulation technology provide effective means for the evaluation and analysis of the winding loss. However, for the research on the high-frequency loss characteristics of the magnetic material, the research on various aspects of measurement technology, mechanism analysis and model establishment is relatively extensive, and the research cannot meet the development of the current power converter technology. Therefore, deep analysis of the loss characteristics of the high-frequency magnetic elements and accurate estimation of the core loss are important for optimizing the performance of the magnetic elements and ensuring reliable operation of the power converter.
In summary, the iron core has a very wide application in electrical equipment, and the testing of the magnetic properties of iron cores of different materials and different sizes is a precondition for understanding and applying the iron core. We need to test both the magnetic properties of the core and the hysteresis of the core. When the magnetic characteristics of the iron core are tested, the coil needs to be wound by hands, the operation is very complicated, and after the iron core is excited externally, the temperature of the iron core is increased due to the eddy current effect, and the temperature rise has certain influence on the magnetic characteristics of the iron core.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a comprehensive platform capable of testing the magnetic characteristics of iron cores with different sizes. The test platform integrates the heat dissipation device and the platform for fixing the iron core into a whole through the design of a transverse fixing device, a moving structure, a longitudinal fixing device and the like; the packaged coil is directly arranged on the iron core and is used as a primary side or a secondary side, so that a complex manual winding procedure is avoided; in addition, a packaging shell of the acceleration sensor is designed, and two support legs of the shell part are coated with glue and adhered to the iron core, so that the effect of shielding an external magnetic field is achieved. The invention has the advantages of rich realization function and high accuracy, and can realize the accurate measurement of the magnetic characteristics of the laminated iron cores with different sizes and the hysteresis expansion of the iron cores with different magnetic densities at room temperature.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive test platform for magnetic characteristics of laminated cores with different sizes comprises a base, a transverse fixing device, a moving structure, a longitudinal fixing device, a heat dissipation device, an accelerometer, a packaging coil and a thermocouple;
the transverse fixing devices are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base; the moving structures are arranged on the left side and the right side of the base; the longitudinal fixing device is arranged on a sliding rail of the mobile structure; the tested iron core is transversely placed on the longitudinal central axis of the base; the heat dissipation device is arranged on the transverse central axis of the base; the accelerometer and the thermocouple are attached to the surface of the measured iron core; the two packaging coils are respectively arranged on the two long sides of the iron core.
The base is a rectangular plate, and the left side and the right side of the upper surface of the base are respectively provided with a strip-shaped through groove, namely a second movable hole; the two second movable holes are parallel to the vertical edge; the front side and the rear side of the base are respectively provided with 2 through grooves, namely first movable holes; the 2 first movable holes are in a group, have the same axis and are all parallel to the transverse edge of the base; the middle part of base, in the middle part of vertical axis, still distribute 2 first recesses, in the middle part of horizontal line axis, still distribute two second recesses.
Two strip-shaped grooves with the same length are distributed on two sides of each first movable hole or each second movable hole in parallel; wherein, the side of the strip-shaped groove close to the edge of the base is provided with scales;
the transverse fixing device comprises four transverse fixing units, and each transverse fixing unit comprises a base, a clamping groove, a handle and a threaded rod; the first base is provided with a vertical plate, the vertical plate is provided with a through hole with threads, the threaded rod is installed on the through hole in a threaded fit mode, one end of the threaded rod is provided with a handle, and the other end of the threaded rod is provided with a clamping groove;
screw holes are distributed on the central line of the lower part of the first base, and screws penetrate through the first movable holes from the bottom of the base to fix the first base on the base; the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the first base are respectively provided with a bulge which is embedded into the strip-shaped grooves at the two sides of the first movable hole; the clamping groove is an L-shaped folded plate, a plurality of heat dissipation holes and a countersunk hole are distributed on the inner wall of the folded plate, and the unthreaded end of the threaded rod penetrates through the countersunk hole of the folded plate and is fixed on the outer wall of the folded plate by screws.
The four transverse fixing units of the transverse fixing device are opposite in pairs, each transverse fixing unit is installed on the first movable hole through the first base, the threaded rod is parallel to the longitudinal central axis, and the handle is located at the edge close to the base; the clamping grooves of the four transverse fixing units form a rectangular space in a surrounding mode, and the first groove and the second groove are located in the rectangular space;
the moving structure comprises two second bases, 2 supporting frames and four sliding rails; screw holes are distributed on the central line of the bottom of the second base, and screws penetrate through the second movable holes from the bottom of the base to fix the second base 10 on the base; the left side and the right side of the second base are respectively provided with a bulge which is embedded into the strip-shaped grooves at the two sides of the second movable hole; a support frame of a rectangular columnar body is arranged on the second base; the four sliding rails are bridged on the inner sides of the upper ends of the supporting frames of the two second bases to form sliding frames;
the longitudinal fixing device comprises a motor, a motor shell, an upper threaded rod, a first cushion block, a pressure sensor, a second cushion block and a longitudinal fixing plate; the motor shell is arranged on a sliding rail of the mobile structure, and a motor is arranged in the motor shell; the upper end of the upper threaded rod is installed in the motor, and the upper threaded rod, the first cushion block, the pressure sensor and the second cushion block are connected in sequence through screws from top to bottom; the second cushion block is screwed into a screw hole in the center of the longitudinal fixing plate through a screw;
the longitudinal fixing plate consists of a transverse plate and two vertical plates, and two rails are arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate; a row of rectangular through holes are uniformly distributed on two sides of the upper central screw hole at intervals; two vertical plates are arranged on the bottom slide rail;
a rectangular iron core to be tested is arranged on a base in a rectangular space enclosed by the clamping grooves of the four transverse fixing units, and a packaging coil is respectively arranged in the middle of the long side of the iron core to be tested and is positioned on the first groove; a heat dissipation device is respectively arranged on the left and the right in two second grooves in the measured iron core;
the inner side and the outer side of the iron core corner of the measured iron core, the inner side and the outer side of the middle of the long side of the iron core, and the inner side and the outer side of the middle of the short side of the iron core are respectively stuck with a thermocouple; an accelerometer is also adhered on the outer surface of the measured iron core.
The accelerometer comprises an accelerometer shell, an accelerometer sensor, six springs, two support legs and two fixed threaded rods;
the center of the accelerometer shell is a cylindrical cavity, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a round hole, the accelerometer sensor is positioned in the cavity, and the probe is exposed out through the round hole at the bottom; the two sides of the accelerometer shell are respectively provided with a cuboid hollow shell, the top of each hollow shell is sequentially and uniformly provided with three springs, and the springs are connected with the support legs;
the heat dissipation device comprises a fan cover, fan blades and a fan framework; the fan framework is positioned at the bottom, the fan blades are arranged in the center, and the fan cover is additionally arranged at the upper part; the two heat dissipation devices are respectively arranged in the two second grooves of the base.
In the packaging coils VII, each packaging coil is composed of 2 openable U-shaped half coils, and the two parts are arranged oppositely; the lead is sequentially wound on the coil frameworks of the 2U-shaped half coils; each wire in the coil framework of each U-shaped half coil is provided with a magnetic cushion block at the upper and lower turning positions.
The comprehensive test platform for the magnetic characteristics of the laminated cores with different sizes further comprises a signal generating device, a power amplifier, a water-cooling resistor, a capacitance box, a comprehensive test platform and a data processing and collecting unit;
the data processing and collecting unit comprises a voltage probe, a current probe, a digital oscilloscope and a computer; the voltage probe and the current probe are respectively connected with the digital oscilloscope, and the digital filter is also connected with the computer;
the signal generating device, the power amplifier, the water-cooling resistor, the capacitor box and the primary winding (the first packaging coil) are connected in sequence;
the current probe is connected with the primary winding, and the voltage probe is connected with the secondary winding (the second packaging coil).
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention designs a novel comprehensive test platform for testing the magnetic characteristics of iron cores with different sizes, including B-H curves when no stress is applied and magnetostriction of the iron cores after external excitation;
2. the invention designs the shell of the accelerometer, the accelerometer can be encapsulated in the shell of the accelerometer, and the electromagnetic interference of smearing glue on the probe of the accelerometer and the outside is effectively avoided, so that the magnetostrictive measurement precision of the accelerometer is greatly improved
3. The heat dissipation device designed by the invention is arranged in the base, and dissipates heat from the inner side of the iron core, so that the influence of temperature rise on the magnetic property of the iron core can be effectively reduced;
4. the invention designs a novel excitation coil, which is divided into a left part and a right part and packaged, so that the excitation coil is released from the complicated work of winding the coil, and the excitation coil can be prevented from being burnt out due to overhigh temperature of an iron core.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a comprehensive test platform for testing magnetic characteristics of iron cores of different sizes according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base for holding a core and other components of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lateral securing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lateral securing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the moving structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a longitudinal fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the distribution of the test core and coil and heat sink of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an accelerometer of the present invention in general;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a heat dissipation device of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a left side sectional view and a right side sectional view of the encapsulated coil of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of a comprehensive test platform for testing magnetic characteristics of iron cores with different sizes according to the present invention.
Wherein, I, a base; II, a transverse fixing device; III, moving the structure; IV, a longitudinal fixing device; v, a measured iron core; VI, an accelerometer; VII, packaging the coil;
1. a first loose hole; 2. a second movable hole; 3. a first groove; 4. a second groove; 5. a first base; 6. a card slot; 7. a handle; 8. a threaded rod; 9. a lateral fixing unit; 10. a second base; 11. a slide rail; 12. a motor housing; 13. an upper threaded rod; 14. a first cushion block; 15. a pressure sensor; 16. a second cushion block; 17. a longitudinal fixing plate; 18. a thermocouple; 19. an accelerometer housing; 20. an accelerometer sensor; 21. a spring; 22. a support leg; 23. fixing a threaded rod; 24. a fan cover; 25. a fan blade; 26. a fan frame; 27. a magnetic cushion block; 28. a left winding frame; 29. a wire; 30. a right winding frame; 31. a signal generating device; 32 a power amplifier; 33 water-cooling resistance; 34. a capacitor box; 35, a comprehensive test platform; 36 signal processing and acquisition unit.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention are given below. The specific examples are only intended to illustrate the invention in further detail and do not limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.
The invention relates to a comprehensive test platform for magnetic characteristics of laminated cores with different sizes, which comprises a base I, a transverse fixing device II, a moving structure III, a longitudinal fixing device IV, a heat dissipation device, an accelerometer VI, a packaging coil VII and a thermocouple 18, wherein the base I is fixed on the base I;
as shown in fig. 1, the transverse fixing devices ii are installed at the front and rear sides of the base; the moving structures III are arranged on the left side and the right side of the base; the longitudinal fixing device IV is arranged on a sliding rail of the moving structure; the tested iron core V is transversely placed on the longitudinal central axis of the base I; the heat dissipation device is arranged on the transverse central axis of the base I; the accelerometer VI and the thermocouple are attached to the surface of the measured iron core; the two packaging coils VII are respectively arranged on the two long sides of the iron core.
As shown in fig. 2, the base i is a rectangular plate, and the left side and the right side of the upper surface of the base i are respectively provided with a strip-shaped through groove, namely a second movable hole 2; the two second movable holes 2 are parallel to the vertical edge; the front side and the rear side of the base I are respectively provided with 2 through grooves, namely first movable holes 1; the 2 first movable holes 1 are in a group, have the same axis and are all parallel to the transverse edge of the base I; the middle part of base I, in the middle part of vertical axis, still distributes and has 2 first recesses 3, and in the middle part of horizontal line axis, still distributes and has two second recesses 4.
Two strip-shaped grooves with the same length are distributed on two sides of each first movable hole 1 or each second movable hole 2 in parallel; scales are arranged beside the strip-shaped groove close to the edge of the base and used for accurately moving the first base 5 and the second base 10, so that the transverse fixing device and the longitudinal fixing device can accurately fix the iron core V to be measured;
the transverse fixing device II comprises four transverse fixing units, and each transverse fixing unit comprises a base 5, a clamping groove 6, a handle 7 and a threaded rod 8 as shown in figure 3; the first base 5 is provided with a vertical plate, the vertical plate is provided with a through hole with threads, the threaded rod 8 is installed on the through hole in a threaded fit mode, one end of the threaded rod is provided with the handle 7, and the other end of the threaded rod is provided with the clamping groove 6;
two screw holes are distributed on the central line of the lower part of the first base 5, the screw holes are positioned on the first movable holes 1, and the screws penetrate through the first movable holes 1 from the bottom of the base, so that the first base 5 is fixed on the base I; the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the first base 5 are respectively provided with a bulge which is embedded into the strip-shaped grooves at the two sides of the first movable hole 1; the strip-shaped grooves on two sides of the first movable hole 1 have a limiting effect, so that the first base 5 can only move left and right but not move front and back. The clamping groove 6 is an L-shaped folded plate, a plurality of heat dissipation holes and a counter bore are distributed on the inner wall of the folded plate, one end of a threaded rod 8 with an iron sheet without threads is connected with the counter bore of the clamping groove 6, the thickness of the iron sheet is just the sinking depth of the counter bore, and the threaded rod 8 is fixed by a nut at the position contacting with the outer side of the counter bore.
The four transverse fixing units of the transverse fixing device II are distributed as shown in figure 4 in a pairwise opposite mode, each transverse fixing unit is installed on the first movable hole 1 through the first base 5, the threaded rod 8 is parallel to the longitudinal central axis, and the handle 7 is located on the edge close to the base. Can make draw-in groove 6 back-and-forth movement through hand handle 7, can make draw-in groove 6 remove about removing through removing first base 5, just can transversely fix measured iron core V through mutually supporting between the two. The clamping grooves 6 of the four transverse fixing units form a rectangular space in an enclosing mode, and the first grooves 3 and the second grooves 4 are located in the rectangular space;
as shown in fig. 5, the moving structure iii includes two second bases 10, 2 supporting frames, and four sliding rails 11; two screw holes are distributed on the central line of the bottom of the second base 10, and screws penetrate through the second movable holes 2 from the bottom of the base, so that the second base 10 is fixed on the base I; the left side and the right side of the second base 10 are respectively provided with a bulge which is embedded into the strip-shaped grooves at the two sides of the second movable hole 2; a support frame (for fixing the slide rail 11) of a rectangular column body (four pillars are arranged at the lower part) is arranged on the second base 10; four sliding rails 11 are bridged on the inner sides of the upper ends of the supporting frames of the two second bases 10 to form a sliding frame, and the cross section of the sliding frame is in rectangular distribution;
the projections and screw holes in the second base 10 are arranged and function as the first base.
As shown in fig. 6, the longitudinal fixing device includes a motor, a motor housing 12, an upper threaded rod 13, a first cushion block 14, a pressure sensor 15, a second cushion block 16, and a longitudinal fixing plate 17; the motor shell 12 is arranged on a sliding rail of the moving structure III, and a motor is arranged in the motor shell; the upper end of the upper threaded rod 13 is installed in the motor, and the upper threaded rod 13 (the lower end without threads), the first cushion block 14, the pressure sensor 15 and the second cushion block 16 are sequentially connected through screws from top to bottom; the second spacer 16 is screwed into a screw hole in the center of the longitudinal fixing plate 17. The motor is used for controlling the upper threaded rod 13 to stretch, so that the vertical fixing plate 17 can be controlled to lift, and two vertical plates on the vertical fixing plate 17 can be in contact with two narrow sides of the iron core V to be tested; the longitudinal fixing plate 17 can be moved to the position right above the iron core V to be detected through the front and back movement of the moving structure III and the left and right movement of the motor shell 12 on the slide rail.
The first cushion block 14, the pressure sensor 15 and the second cushion block 16 are all cylindrical and are the same as the axes of the upper threaded rod 13;
the lower end of the upper threaded rod 13 is unthreaded and is connected with a circular iron sheet, and the thickness of the iron sheet is the same as the sinking depth of the counter sink on the first cushion block 14; the first cushion block 14 is provided with a counter bore (the counter bore is arranged at the bottom of the cushion block) without threads, one end of the threaded rod connected with the counter bore is also provided with no threads (the length of the non-threaded hole is just the length of the hole), one end of the threaded rod is provided with a circular iron sheet with certain thickness which just can be matched with the sinking part of the counter bore, a nut is added on the upper part of the first cushion block 14, the connection between the first cushion block 14 and the upper threaded rod 13 can be fixed, so that when the threaded rod rotates, the end connected with the first cushion block 14 only can grind the inner wall of the cushion block to rotate, and the cushion block cannot be rotated.
Two screws are arranged at the bottom end of the first cushion block 14 along the diameter, and a counter bore penetrating through the first cushion block 14 is arranged at the center of the circle of the bottom end; the top end of the pressure sensor 15 is respectively provided with two screw holes along the diameter, and the center of the bottom end is provided with a screw; the center of the top end of the second cushion block 16 is provided with a screw hole, and the center of the bottom end is provided with a screw; vertical plates are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the longitudinal fixing plate 17, and a screw hole is formed in the middle of the upper surface. Installing a motor shell 12 on a sliding rail of a mobile structure III; the upper end of the upper threaded rod 13 is arranged in the motor, and the lower end of the upper threaded rod is connected with the first cushion block 14; a screw at the lower end of the first cushion block 14 is screwed into a screw hole on the pressure sensor 15; a screw at the lower end of the pressure sensor 15 is screwed into a screw hole on the second cushion block 16; the screw at the bottom of the second cushion block 16 is screwed into the screw hole at the center of the longitudinal fixing plate 17.
The longitudinal fixing plate 17 consists of a transverse plate with heat dissipation holes and two vertical plates, and two rails are arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate; a row of rectangular through holes are uniformly distributed on two sides of the upper central screw hole at intervals; two vertical plates are arranged on the bottom slide rail; the rectangular holes on the two sides are used for accelerating and diffusing the hot air blown out upwards by the bottom radiating fan; two vertical plates at the bottom are arranged on the track and can move left and right, so that the vertical plates are pressed on the upper surfaces of two narrow sides of the rectangular iron core, and the iron core to be tested is ensured not to move. The longitudinal fixing plate 17 is moved to the position right above the iron core to be tested through the movement of the moving structure III and the motor; and two vertical plates on the bottom slide rail respectively move to the position right above the narrow side of the iron core V to be tested.
The fixed plate 17 is arranged right above the iron core, the fan blows air upwards, and the air can be blown out through the heat dissipation holes;
a rectangular iron core V to be tested is arranged on a base I in a rectangular space enclosed by the clamping grooves 6 of the four transverse fixing units, and a packaging coil VII is wound at the middle part of the long side of the iron core V to be tested and is positioned on the first groove 3; a heat dissipation device is respectively arranged on the left and the right in two second grooves 4 in the iron core V to be tested;
as shown in fig. 7, thermocouples 18 are respectively attached to the inner and outer sides of the core corner, the inner and outer sides of the center of the long side of the core, and the inner and outer sides of the center of the short side of the core v to be tested; an accelerometer VI is also stuck on the outer surface of the measured iron core V;
as shown in fig. 8, the accelerometer vi includes an accelerometer housing 19, an accelerometer sensor 20, six springs 21, two support legs 22, and two fixed threaded rods 23;
the center of the accelerometer shell 19 is a cylindrical cavity, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a round hole, the accelerometer sensor 19 is placed in the cavity, and the probe is exposed through the round hole at the bottom; the two sides of the accelerometer shell 19 are respectively provided with a cuboid hollow shell, the top of each hollow shell is sequentially and uniformly provided with three springs 21, and the springs 21 are connected with supporting legs 22; a screw hole is formed in each of the left and right sides of the housing, and a fixing screw rod 23 is used to fix the position of the leg 22 through the screw hole.
The accelerometer sensor 20 is placed in the accelerometer shell 19, the two support legs 22 can be adhered to the measured position of the iron core by coating glue, the accelerometer shell 19 is pressed to enable the spring 21 to contract, the accelerometer probe is attached to the surface of the iron core, and the position of the shell legs 21 is fixed through the fixed threaded rod 22.
As shown in fig. 9, the heat dissipation device includes a fan cover 24, fan blades 25, and a fan frame 26; the fan framework 26 is positioned at the bottom, the center of the fan framework is provided with fan blades 25, and the upper part of the fan framework is additionally provided with a fan cover 24; two heat abstractor install respectively in two second recesses 4 of base I.
The packaging coils VII are shown in figure 10, each packaging coil is composed of 2 openable U-shaped half coils, and the two parts are arranged oppositely; the lead 29 is wound on the coil frameworks of the 2U-shaped half coils in sequence; each lead in a coil framework (a left winding framework 28 and a right winding framework 30) of each U-shaped half coil is respectively provided with a magnetic cushion block 27 at the upper and lower turning positions; the leads on the two U-shaped half coils are attracted together two by two from left to right through the magnetic cushion blocks 27 at the upper and lower turning positions of the leads to form a complete packaging coil. According to the invention, the packaged coil is disassembled into the two U-shaped half coils, and the magnetic cushion block 27 is arranged at the connecting position of the inner sides of the two U-shaped half coils, so that the two coils surround the iron core to be measured when being closed and are convenient to take down when being opened.
Generally, when testing the magnetic characteristics and the hysteresis expansion and contraction of the iron core, the primary side coil and the secondary side coil are respectively wound on two long sides of the iron core manually, which wastes time and labor. The invention provides a packaging coil, which can save the process of manually winding the coil in the experiment only by customizing the packaging coil according to the size of an iron core, and is time-saving and labor-saving. And each packaging coil VII is a left half part and a right half part of the packaging coil VII from left to right. The left half part of the packaged coil consists of a magnetic cushion block 27, a left side winding framework 28 and a lead 29; the right half part of the encapsulated coil consists of a magnetic cushion block 27, a lead 29 and a right side winding framework 30. The lead 29 is respectively packaged in the left winding frame 28 and the right winding frame 30, and the magnetic cushion blocks 27 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the lead. The left half part of the packaging coil is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the long side of the tested iron core V, the right half part of the packaging coil is arranged on the inner side of the middle part of the long side of the tested iron core V, the two parts of the coils are connected together through the magnetic cushion block 27 to form the whole packaging coil VII, and then a packaging coil is arranged on the other long side of the tested iron core V according to the same operation. The two packaging coils are respectively used as a primary winding and a secondary winding of the tested iron core V, wherein the primary winding is connected with a power supply to play a role in excitation; the digital oscilloscope is connected with the secondary winding through the voltage probe, and records the open-circuit voltage of the secondary winding.
Due to the fact that the relative positions of the transverse fixing device and the longitudinal fixing device are adjustable, the iron cores to be measured in different sizes can be fixed, and the device is suitable for measuring laminated iron cores in different sizes.
In the platform, the front group of movable holes and the rear group of movable holes are used for fixing the first base for supporting the threaded rod, and the groove is combined with the convex part at the bottom of the first base to enable the first base to horizontally and transversely move. The left movable hole and the right movable hole are used for fixedly supporting the second base of the motor slide rail, and the grooves enable the second base to vertically move in the same way. In the center of the base, two rectangular grooves are used for placing the packaging winding, and square deep grooves on two sides of each rectangular groove are used for placing the heat dissipation device.
The transverse fixing device can control the clamping groove to move back and forth. The handle is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded rod is screwed on the handle and is supported by the threaded hole on the base. The clamping groove is provided with a countersunk hole connected with the threaded rod, and the back of the clamping groove is fixed by a screw. Such structure can be so that draw-in groove longitudinal movement through hand handle, and the slot of cutting is used for the heat dissipation on the draw-in groove.
The longitudinal fixing device has the following functions: because the protruding end of the motor shell and the groove of the track have certain friction resistance, the motor shell can not easily slide under slight force, and a fixing device is not required to be intentionally additionally arranged on the track. The motor is placed in the motor casing and is sealed by a cover with a hole in the middle. Go up the threaded rod and connect motor and first cushion, first cushion links to each other with pressure sensor, and the second cushion links to each other with pressure sensor and the big flat board of taking louvre and track respectively, has just so constituted vertical fixing device. Considering that the iron cores with different sizes are longitudinally fixed, two iron core fixing pressure plates are arranged on the longitudinal fixing plate rail, and the two iron core fixing pressure plates can horizontally move so as to fix the iron cores with different sizes. The threaded rod is controlled to stretch by the motor, so that the longitudinal fixing plate can be controlled to lift. Considering that the stress has certain influence on the magnetic characteristics of the iron core, a pressure sensor is added in the longitudinal fixing device, and when two vertical plates of the longitudinal fixing plate are contacted with two short sides of the measured iron core, the indication of the pressure sensor is monitored in real time to prevent the longitudinal fixing device from applying pressure to the iron core. Considering that the wind of the heat dissipation device is blown from bottom to top, a plurality of rectangular holes are formed in the large flat plate for heat dissipation.
In usual experiments, the accelerometer is usually directly adhered to the iron core by glue, and then the accelerometer is shoveled after the experiments are finished, because the glue is not easy to clean, the thin layer of residual glue is usually arranged on the surface of the accelerometer, which is in contact with the iron core, and along with the increase of the use times, the layer of residual glue is thicker and seriously influences the measurement precision. And the accuracy of experimental data can be influenced by external electromagnetic interference, so that the invention designs an accelerometer shell to solve the two problems. Firstly, the accelerometer shell is made of aluminum, and the accelerometer is packaged in the shell to shield external electromagnetic interference; the supporting legs on the two sides of the accelerometer shell can stretch out and draw back through the springs, the fixing threaded rods on the side faces can fix the stretching amount of the legs, glue can be coated on the two supporting legs and then adhered to the iron core, the accelerometer shell is pressed to enable the springs to shrink, the accelerometer probe is attached to the surface of the iron core, and the positions of the legs of the accelerometer shell are fixed through the fixing threaded rods. Therefore, the step of coating glue on the probe of the acceleration sensor is avoided, and the precision of the acceleration sensor for measuring the magnetostriction of the iron core is greatly improved.
The packaging coil is composed of an openable U-shaped half coil, and the two parts are arranged oppositely. The two U-shaped half coils are packaged and wrapped by the lead through the framework, the upper end and the lower end of the lead are connected with the magnetic cushion blocks, and the two U-shaped half coils are attracted together through the magnetic cushion blocks to form the whole coil. And respectively installing the two encapsulated coils on two long sides of the tested iron core to be respectively used as a primary winding and a secondary winding of the tested iron core. The coil can effectively avoid the complex work of winding the coil, and also avoid the risk that the exciting coil is burnt out due to the overhigh temperature of the iron core after the iron core is excited.
In the actual experiment, the coil is mostly even coiling on unshakable in one's determination, and the inboard corner temperature of unshakable in one's determination all is higher than other parts a lot, if not add heat abstractor extremely probably burn out the coil, the temperature rise also has certain influence to unshakable in one's determination magnetic characteristic simultaneously. After the coil is packaged, the coil cannot be burnt out due to temperature rise, and the key point is to reduce the influence of the temperature rise on the magnetic characteristics of the iron core as much as possible, so that two fans are additionally arranged on a base for placing the tested iron core to dissipate heat from the inside of the iron core.
The thermocouple is used for monitoring the temperature of each part of the iron core in real time and preventing the iron core from being locally overheated.
The method for measuring hysteresis expansion of the iron core comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of turns N of the primary winding of the iron core to be tested1And the number of turns N2 of the secondary winding, determining the size of the packaged coil, and installing the two packaged coils on two long sides of the tested iron core;
step two: attaching the packaged accelerometer to a measured point of the iron core, and observing hysteresis expansion of the iron core after excitation;
step three: respectively attaching thermocouples to the inner side and the outer side of the corner of the tested iron core, the inner side and the outer side of the middle of the long side of the tested iron core and the inner side and the outer side of the middle of the short side of the tested iron core, and monitoring the temperature of each part of the iron core in real time;
step four: at a known core effective area S and saturation magnetic fieldIn the case of B, from U-4.44 fNBS, it can be found that B is 0.1T higher per liter from 0T, and the voltage value is U1、U2、U3.. until the measured iron core magnetic flux density is saturated;
step five: connecting the primary winding with an impedance analyzer to measure an inductance value, and then performing impedance matching with a capacitor box;
step six: placing a measured iron core provided with a coil, an accelerometer sensor and a thermocouple on a base, fixing the iron core at the center of a platform through a transverse fixing device and a longitudinal fixing device, and simultaneously paying attention to the reading of a pressure sensor in the longitudinal fixing device to prevent the longitudinal fixing plate from applying pressure to the iron core;
step seven: completing the connection of the experimental circuit according to the graph 11, opening the heat dissipation device built in the platform, and applying excitation to the primary winding according to the voltage calculated in the step four until the voltage is saturated in magnetic density;
step eight: sensing U at secondary winding voltage1、U2、U3.., acquiring data transmitted by the accelerometer sensor through a data acquisition card;
step nine: after the voltage of the magnetic density saturation voltage is added and the last group of data is recorded, the voltage drop on the tested iron core is slowly reduced to zero and the power amplifier is turned off.
The method for measuring the B-H curve of the iron core comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of turns N of the primary winding of the iron core to be tested1And the number of turns N of the secondary winding2Determining the size of the packaging coils, and installing the two packaging coils on two long sides of the tested iron core;
step two: respectively attaching thermocouples to the inner side and the outer side of the corner of the tested iron core, the inner side and the outer side of the middle of the long side of the tested iron core and the inner side and the outer side of the middle of the short side of the tested iron core, and monitoring the temperature of each part of the iron core in real time;
step three: when the core effective area S and the saturation magnetic flux B are known, it can be found that B is 0.1T higher by 0T per liter from U ═ 4.44fNBS, and the voltage value is U1、U2、U3.. until the measured iron core magnetic flux density is saturated;
step four: connecting the primary winding with an impedance analyzer to measure an inductance value, and then performing impedance matching with a capacitor box;
step five: placing a measured iron core provided with a coil, an accelerometer sensor and a thermocouple on a base, fixing the iron core at the center of a platform through a transverse fixing device and a longitudinal fixing device, and simultaneously paying attention to the reading of a pressure sensor in the longitudinal fixing device to prevent the longitudinal fixing plate from applying pressure to the iron core;
step six: completing the connection of the experimental circuit according to the graph 11, opening the heat dissipation device built in the platform, and applying excitation to the primary winding according to the voltage calculated in the step four until the voltage is saturated in magnetic density;
step seven: sensing U at secondary winding voltage1、U2、U3.., recording the current value of the primary winding and the voltage value of the secondary winding by a computer connected with a digital oscilloscope;
step eight: after the voltage of the magnetic density saturation voltage is added and the last group of data is recorded, the voltage drop on the tested iron core is slowly reduced to zero and the power amplifier is turned off.
The whole experimental circuit is shown in fig. 11, and includes a signal generating device 31, a power amplifier 32, a water-cooled resistor 33, a capacitance box 34, a comprehensive test platform 35, and a data processing and collecting unit 36.
The data processing and collecting unit 36 comprises a voltage probe, a current probe, a digital oscilloscope and a computer; the voltage probe and the current probe are respectively connected with a digital oscilloscope, and the digital oscilloscope is also connected with a computer; the voltage and current data displayed on the digital oscilloscope are processed on a computer.
Wherein, the signal generating device 31, the power amplifier 32, the water-cooled resistor 33, the capacitor box 34 and the primary winding are connected in sequence;
the current probe is connected with the primary winding, and the voltage probe is connected with the secondary winding;
the primary winding is connected with the signal generating device through the power amplifier, the water-cooling resistor, the capacitor box and the exciting function; the digital oscilloscope is connected with the primary winding through the current probe and is connected with the secondary winding through the voltage probe, and the current flowing through the primary winding and the open-circuit voltage of the secondary winding are recorded.
The iron core V to be tested is placed on the comprehensive testing platform, the two packaging coils VII are installed on the iron core V to be tested, and the iron core V to be tested is fixed through the transverse fixing device II and the longitudinal fixing device IV. The signal generating device 31, the power amplifier 32, the water-cooled resistor 33, the capacitor box 34 and the primary winding are connected in sequence and used for generating exciting current on the primary side; a current probe in the data processing and collecting unit 36 is connected to the primary winding, a voltage probe is connected to the secondary winding, and the current probe and the voltage probe are respectively connected with two channels of a digital oscilloscope in the data processing and collecting unit 36 to collect the current of the primary winding and the voltage of the secondary winding; processing the voltage current data by using an MATLAB program in a computer to obtain a B-H curve of the tested iron core; and the data processing and collecting unit 36 collects the data of the accelerometer VI through a data collecting card, so that the data of the hysteresis expansion and contraction of the iron core V to be tested can be obtained.
The signal generating device 31 is specifically a signal generator (model: Tektronix AFG 2021);
the specific model of the power amplifier 32 is BROCKHAUS PA 100;
in the data processing and collecting unit 36, the voltage probe can be of the following types: PINTECH DP-25, the current probe can adopt the model: agilent N2779A, digital oscilloscope available model: agilent DSO-X3034A, and PC can be adopted by a computer;
the motor and the fan are connected independently. The motor controls the stretching of the threaded rod through the controller; the fan is controlled by a switch.
The working principle and the working process of the comprehensive test platform for the magnetic characteristics of the laminated cores with different sizes are as follows: the excitation signal generating device 31 generates an excitation signal, the excitation signal is amplified by the power amplifier 32 and finally enters a primary winding through the water-cooling resistor 33 and the capacitor box 34, and a magnetic field is generated in the iron core after the primary winding passes through current. If the magnetic hysteresis expansion and contraction are measured, a deformation signal is induced through the accelerometer; if the magnetic characteristic of the iron core is measured, voltage signals are collected through the secondary winding, and the data processing and collecting unit 36 processes and stores data, so that a B-H curve of the sample is generated, and the measurement of the magnetic characteristic of the iron core is completed.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
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