Display device based on dynamic dimming and dimming method
阅读说明：本技术 一种基于动态调光的显示装置及调光方法 (Display device based on dynamic dimming and dimming method ) 是由 吕国强 诸黎明 盛杰超 冯奇斌 王梓 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于动态调光的显示装置及调光方法,属于液晶显示技术领域。显示装置包括分区背光板和液晶层阵列；分区背光板由若干发光强度独立控制的发光子单元组成；液晶层阵列包括两层液晶层和三层偏振片,相邻偏振片的偏振方向正交；分区背光板和液晶层阵列均电连接控制模块。通过控制模块的调光方法是将输入图像迭代分解得到三幅图像,其中一幅图像代表背光单元的发光强度,另外两幅图像代表液晶层上像素的透过率值,将三幅图像分别传送至背光板和液晶层阵列,通过协同工作再现原输入图像；由于背光单元的发光强度是由输入图像决定的,因此根据输入图像的特征减小背光单元的发光强度,达到降低功耗、增加对比度和提高显示图像质量的目的。(The invention relates to a display device based on dynamic dimming and a dimming method, and belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal display. The display device comprises a subarea backlight plate and a liquid crystal layer array; the partitioned backlight plate consists of a plurality of luminous subunits with independently controlled luminous intensity; the liquid crystal layer array comprises two liquid crystal layers and three polarizing plates, and the polarization directions of the adjacent polarizing plates are orthogonal; the subarea backlight plate and the liquid crystal layer array are electrically connected with the control module. The dimming method through the control module is that an input image is subjected to iterative decomposition to obtain three images, wherein one image represents the luminous intensity of the backlight unit, the other two images represent the transmittance value of pixels on the liquid crystal layer, the three images are respectively transmitted to the backlight plate and the liquid crystal layer array, and the original input image is reproduced through cooperative work; since the luminous intensity of the backlight unit is determined by the input image, the luminous intensity of the backlight unit is reduced according to the characteristics of the input image, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing power consumption, increasing contrast and improving the quality of the displayed image.)
1. A display device based on dynamic dimming is characterized in that: comprises a subarea backlight plate (1) and a liquid crystal layer array (2); the partitioned backlight plate (1) consists of a plurality of luminous subunits, and the luminous intensity of each luminous subunit is independently controlled; the liquid crystal layer array (2) comprises a first liquid crystal layer (4), a second liquid crystal layer (5), a first polaroid (6), a second polaroid (7) and a third polaroid (8); the first liquid crystal layer (4) is adjacent to the subarea backlight plate (1); the partitioned backlight plate (1), the first polaroid (6), the first liquid crystal layer (4), the second polaroid (7), the second liquid crystal layer (5) and the third polaroid (8) are sequentially arranged at equal intervals;
the polarization directions of the adjacent polaroids are orthogonal;
a color filter is arranged on the second liquid crystal layer (5);
when the first liquid crystal layer (4), the first polaroid (6) and the second polaroid (7) work cooperatively, the intensity of light is modulated by changing the transmittance of each pixel point on the first liquid crystal layer (4);
when the second liquid crystal layer (5) works with the second polaroid (7) and the third polaroid (8), the color of light is changed; the color of image light on the display device is changed by changing the transmittance of the three sub-pixels;
the subarea backlight plate (1) and the liquid crystal layer array (2) are electrically connected with the control module (3);
the control module (3) realizes a dimming algorithm, the dimming algorithm iteratively decomposes an input image to obtain three images, one image represents the luminous intensity of the backlight unit, the other two images represent the transmittance value of pixels on the liquid crystal layer, the three images are respectively transmitted to the backlight plate (1) and the liquid crystal layer array (2), and the original input image is reproduced through cooperative work; because the luminous intensity of the backlight unit is determined by the input image, the luminous intensity of the backlight unit can be reduced according to the characteristics of the input image, and the purposes of reducing power consumption, increasing contrast and improving the quality of a display image are achieved.
2. A display device based on dynamic dimming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the luminous subunit is one of an LED, a micro-LED or a mini-LED.
3. The dimming method of a display device based on dynamic dimming as claimed in claim 1, wherein the operation steps are as follows:
1) inputting the image into a control module (3), and extracting the luminous intensity I (x) of the red, green and blue sub-pixels of each pixel point on the image0,y0I) wherein (x)0,y0) Coordinates representing pixel points, i is 1,2 and 3 respectively represent red, green and blue;
2) determining coordinates (x) of light emitting sub-units on a partitioned backlight panel (1) corresponding to each pixel point of an input imageb,yb) And pixel coordinates (x) of the first liquid crystal layer (4)m,ym) Pixel coordinates (x) of the second liquid crystal layer (5)n,yn)；
3) By the coordinate (x) on the subarea backlight plate (1)b,yb) Of the first liquid crystal layer (4), a coordinate (x) on the first liquid crystal layer (4)m,ym) Pixel of (2), coordinate (x) on the second liquid crystal layer (5)n,ynAnd the sub-pixel of i) is used for cooperatively reconstructing the ray, and is determined by the following formula:
wherein, I' (x)0,y0I) represents the coordinates (x) on the reconstructed original image0,y0) The luminous intensity of the ith component of the pixel point, i is 1 to represent a red component, 2 to represent a green component and 3 to represent a blue component; g (x)b,yb) Representing the coordinate (x) on the subarea backlight plate (1)b,yb) Luminous intensity of the subunit, f (x)m,ym) Represents the pixel coordinate (x) on the first liquid crystal layer (4)m,ym) Transmittance of (b), k (x)n,ynI) represents the pixel coordinate on the second liquid crystal layer (5) as (x)n,yn) The transmittance of the ith component of (a); in order to reconstruct the luminous intensity I' (x) of the light0,y0I) the luminous intensity I (x) of the corresponding pixel on the input image0,y0I) equal as much as possible; solving for g (x) in an iterative mannerb,yb)，f(xm,ym) And k (x)n,ynThe value of i);
let a random value g' (x)b,yb)，f’(xm,ym)，k’(xn,ynI) the specific iteration mode is as follows;
3.1) white light is generated due to the backlight, and comprises three components of red, green and blue, and the partitioned backlight plate (1) emits lightPhoton unit coordinate (x)b,yb) Luminous intensity g (x) ofb,yb) This is obtained from the following equation:
3.2) since the first liquid crystal layer (4) can only modulate the intensity of the light, it is not possible to change the color of the light, the first liquid crystal layer (4) pixels (x)m,ym) Transmittance f (x) ofm,ym) This can be obtained from the following equation:
3.3) because the pixel point of the second liquid crystal layer (5) is composed of red, green and blue sub-pixel points, the transmittance of each component of the liquid crystal pixel point is determined by each component corresponding to the input image, and the pixel coordinate (x) of the second liquid crystal layer (5)n,yn) Transmittance k (x) of the ith component of (1)n,ynI) is given by the following formula:
3.4) let g (x)b,yb)＝g’(xb,yb)，f(xm,ym)＝f’(xm,ym)，k(xn,yn，i)＝k’(xn,ynI), repeating steps (3.1) - (3.3) until the formula argmin | I (x)0,y0,i)-I’(x0,y0,i)|2The value is minimum;
4) the obtained g (x)b,yb)、f(xm,ym)、k(xn,ynI) the values are respectively transmitted to the light emitting units corresponding to the subarea backlight plate (1), the pixel points corresponding to the first liquid crystal layer (4) and the second liquid crystal layer (5), and when the subarea backlight plate (1) and the liquid crystal layer array (2) cooperateThe image after dimming can be seen when the LED lamp works; the image quality after dimming is improved by more than 3dB, and the contrast is improved by 120%.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal display, and particularly relates to a dynamic dimming technology.
Background
Currently, liquid crystal display devices dominate the display field. A conventional liquid crystal display is composed of a backlight module, a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal layer. Since the backlight is often operated at a constant power, the luminance is changed by adjusting the transmittance of the liquid crystal, which results in a high power of the liquid crystal display. Meanwhile, the liquid crystal has a light leakage phenomenon, so that the contrast is low, and the image quality is reduced. Therefore, a double-layer liquid crystal display device has been proposed, which is composed of a conventional backlight plate, a double-layer liquid crystal and a polarizer, and the device employs the double-layer liquid crystal to effectively alleviate the light leakage phenomenon and improve the contrast. However, the light control mode of the device is realized only by changing the transmittance of the liquid crystal layer, and because the liquid crystal cannot be completely closed, the light leakage phenomenon still exists when a darker image is displayed, and the improved contrast ratio is limited; meanwhile, the traditional backlight cannot be independently regulated and controlled, so that the backlight plate is always at the maximum brightness, which causes higher power consumption; meanwhile, the device generally adopts a fuzzy algorithm to decompose the image, the method can cause the loss of image details and the PSNR value is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the contrast of a display picture, solve the light leakage phenomenon of the traditional liquid crystal display and reduce the energy consumption of the display, the invention provides a display device based on dynamic dimming and a dimming method.
A display device based on dynamic dimming comprises a subarea backlight plate 1 and a liquid crystal layer array 2;
the partitioned backlight plate 1 consists of a plurality of luminous subunits, and the luminous intensity of each luminous subunit is independently controlled;
the liquid crystal layer array 2 includes a first liquid crystal layer 4, a second liquid crystal layer 5, a first polarizing plate 6, a second polarizing plate 7, and a third polarizing plate 8; the first liquid crystal layer 4 is adjacent to the subarea backlight plate 1; the partitioned backlight plate 1, the first polaroid 6, the first liquid crystal layer 4, the second polaroid 7, the second liquid crystal layer 5 and the third polaroid 8 are sequentially arranged at equal intervals;
the polarization directions of the adjacent polaroids are orthogonal;
a color filter is arranged on the second liquid crystal layer 5;
when the first liquid crystal layer 4 cooperates with the first polarizing film 6 and the second polarizing film 7, the intensity of light is modulated by changing the transmittance of each pixel point on the first liquid crystal layer 4;
when the second liquid crystal layer 5 cooperates with the second polarizer 7 and the third polarizer 8, the color of light rays is changed; this is because each pixel on the second liquid crystal layer 5 is divided into three sub-pixels of red, green, and blue, and the color of the image light on the display device is changed by changing the transmittance of the three sub-pixels;
the subarea backlight plate 1 and the liquid crystal layer array 2 are both electrically connected with the control module 3;
the control module 3 realizes a dimming algorithm, the dimming algorithm iteratively decomposes the input image to obtain three images, one of the three images represents the luminous intensity of the backlight unit, the other two images represent the transmittance value of pixels on the liquid crystal layer, the three images are respectively transmitted to the backlight plate 1 and the liquid crystal layer array 2, and the original input image is reproduced through cooperative work; because the luminous intensity of the backlight unit is determined by the input image, the luminous intensity of the backlight unit can be reduced according to the characteristics of the input image, and the purposes of reducing power consumption, increasing contrast and improving the quality of a display image are achieved.
The luminous subunit is one of an LED, a micro-LED or a mini-LED.
The dimming operation steps of the display device based on dynamic dimming are as follows:
1) inputting the image into a control module (3), and extracting the luminous intensity I (x) of the red, green and blue sub-pixels of each pixel point on the image0,y0,i)，Wherein (x)0,y0) Coordinates representing pixel points, i is 1,2 and 3 respectively represent red, green and blue;
2) determining coordinates (x) of light emitting sub-units on a partitioned backlight panel (1) corresponding to each pixel point of an input imageb,yb) And pixel coordinates (x) of the first liquid crystal layer (4)m,ym) Pixel coordinates (x) of the second liquid crystal layer (5)n,yn)；
3) By the coordinate (x) on the subarea backlight plate (1)b,yb) Of the first liquid crystal layer (4), a coordinate (x) on the first liquid crystal layer (4)m,ym) Pixel of (2), coordinate (x) on the second liquid crystal layer (5)n,ynAnd the sub-pixel of i) is used for cooperatively reconstructing the ray, and is determined by the following formula:
wherein, I' (x)0,y0I) represents the coordinates (x) on the reconstructed original image0,y0) The luminous intensity of the ith component of the pixel point, i is 1 to represent a red component, 2 to represent a green component and 3 to represent a blue component; g (x)b,yb) Representing the coordinate (x) on the subarea backlight plate (1)b,yb) Luminous intensity of the subunit, f (x)m,ym) Represents the pixel coordinate (x) on the first liquid crystal layer (4)m,ym) Transmittance of (b), k (x)n,ynI) represents the pixel coordinate on the second liquid crystal layer (5) as (x)n,yn) The transmittance of the ith component of (a); in order to reconstruct the luminous intensity I' (x) of the light0,y0I) the luminous intensity I (x) of the corresponding pixel on the input image0,y0I) equal as much as possible; solving for g (x) in an iterative mannerb,yb)，f(xm,ym) And k (x)n,ynThe value of i);
let a random value g' (x)b,yb)，f’(xm,ym)，k’(xn,ynI) the specific iteration mode is as follows;
3.1) white light is generated due to the backlight, and comprises three components of red, green and blue, and the coordinates (x) of the luminous subunits on the partitioned backlight plate (1)b,yb) Luminous intensity g (x) ofb,yb) This is obtained from the following equation:
3.2) since the first liquid crystal layer (4) can only modulate the intensity of the light, it is not possible to change the color of the light, the first liquid crystal layer (4) pixels (x)m,ym) Transmittance f (x) ofm,ym) This can be obtained from the following equation:
3.3) because the pixel point of the second liquid crystal layer (5) is composed of red, green and blue sub-pixel points, the transmittance of each component of the liquid crystal pixel point is determined by each component corresponding to the input image, and the pixel coordinate (x) of the second liquid crystal layer (5)n,yn) Transmittance k (x) of the ith component of (1)n,ynI) is given by the following formula:
3.4) let g (x)b,yb)＝g’(xb,yb)，f(xm,ym)＝f’(xm,ym)，k(xn,yn，i)＝k’(xn,ynI), repeating steps (3.1) - (3.3) until the formula argmin | I (x)0,y0,i)-I’(x0,y0，i)|2The value is the smallest.
4) The obtained g (x)b,yb)、f(xm,ym)、k(xn,ynI) the values are transmitted to the corresponding light-emitting units of the partitioned backlight plate (1), the first liquid crystal layer (4) and the second liquid crystal layer (5) respectivelyWhen the subarea backlight plate (1) and the liquid crystal layer array (2) work cooperatively, the corresponding pixel point can see the image after dimming, the image quality after dimming is improved by more than 3dB, and the contrast is improved by 120%.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects:
1. the luminous intensity of the backlight of the device can be independently controlled, so that the luminous intensity of the subarea backlight unit can be regulated and controlled according to the image characteristics, the power consumption is reduced by reducing the luminous intensity of the backlight unit corresponding to a darker area of an image, and the power consumption can be reduced by more than 30%.
2. The proposed dimming algorithm can enable the backlight unit and the liquid crystal array to work cooperatively, image details are reserved in an iterative optimization mode, the backlight brightness is reduced, meanwhile, the pixel values of the first liquid crystal layer 4 and the second liquid crystal layer 5 are improved, the image quality is guaranteed, and simulation results show that the method can be improved by more than 3 dB.
3. When an image black area is displayed, the luminous intensity of the subarea backlight unit corresponding to the black area, the pixel value of the first liquid crystal layer 4 and the pixel value of the second liquid crystal layer 5 are regulated and controlled to be zero according to image characteristics, the light leakage phenomenon caused by the fact that liquid crystals cannot be completely closed is solved, the static contrast is improved, and the contrast is from 150000: 1 increased to 330000: 1, and the promotion is 120 percent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device based on dynamic dimming.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a dimming algorithm according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a corresponding exploded view of the dimming algorithm of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a nine-grid image used when testing static contrast.
Number in fig. 1: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a subarea backlight panel 1, a liquid crystal layer array 2, a driving control module 3, a first liquid crystal layer 4, a second liquid crystal layer 5, a first polaroid 6, a second polaroid 7 and a third polaroid 8.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a display device based on dynamic dimming includes a partitioned backlight panel 1 and a liquid crystal layer array 2.
The partitioned backlight plate 1 is composed of a plurality of light-emitting subunits, each light-emitting subunit is a mini-LED, and the light-emitting intensity of each light-emitting subunit is independently controlled.
The liquid crystal layer array 2 includes a first liquid crystal layer 4, a second liquid crystal layer 5, a first polarizing plate 6, a second polarizing plate 7, and a third polarizing plate 8; the first liquid crystal layer 4 is adjacent to the subarea backlight plate 1; the partitioned backlight plate 1, the first polaroid 6, the first liquid crystal layer 4, the second polaroid 7, the second liquid crystal layer 5 and the third polaroid 8 are sequentially arranged at equal intervals.
The polarization directions of the first polarizer 6 and the second polarizer 7 are orthogonal, and the polarization directions of the second polarizer 7 and the third polarizer 8 are orthogonal.
A color filter is arranged on the second liquid crystal layer 5.
When the first liquid crystal layer 4 cooperates with the first polarizing film 6 and the second polarizing film 7, the intensity of light is modulated by changing the transmittance of each pixel point on the first liquid crystal layer 4;
when the second liquid crystal layer 5 cooperates with the second polarizer 7 and the third polarizer 8, the color of light rays is changed; this is because each pixel on the second liquid crystal layer 5 is divided into three sub-pixels of red, green, and blue, and the color of the image light on the display device is changed by changing the transmittance of the three sub-pixels;
the subarea backlight plate 1 and the liquid crystal layer array 2 are both electrically connected with the control module 3.
The control module 3 realizes a dimming algorithm, the dimming algorithm iteratively decomposes the input image to obtain three images, one of the three images represents the luminous intensity of the backlight unit, the other two images represent the transmittance value of pixels on the liquid crystal layer, the three images are respectively transmitted to the backlight plate 1 and the liquid crystal layer array 2, and the original input image is reproduced through cooperative work; because the luminous intensity of the backlight unit is determined by the input image, the luminous intensity of the backlight unit can be reduced according to the characteristics of the input image, and the purposes of reducing power consumption, increasing contrast and improving the quality of a display image are achieved.
Referring to fig. 2, the specific dimming operation steps of the display device based on the dynamic dimming are as follows:
1) inputting the image into the control module 3, extracting the luminous intensity I (x) of the red, green and blue sub-pixels of each pixel point on the image0,y0I) wherein (x)0,y0) Coordinates representing pixel points, i is 1,2 and 3 respectively represent red, green and blue;
2) determining the coordinates (x) of the light-emitting sub-units on the partitioned backlight panel 1 corresponding to each pixel point of the input imageb,yb) And pixel coordinates x of the first liquid crystal layer 4m,ymPixel coordinate (x) of the second liquid crystal layer 5n,yn)；
3) From the coordinate (x) on the zone backlight plate 1b,yb) Of the first liquid crystal layer 4, the coordinate (x) on the first liquid crystal layer 4m,ym) Pixel of (2), coordinate (x) on the second liquid crystal layer 5n,ynAnd the sub-pixel of i) is used for cooperatively reconstructing the ray, and is determined by the following formula:
wherein, I' (x)0,y0I) represents the coordinates (x) on the reconstructed original image0,y0) The luminous intensity of the ith component of the pixel point, i is 1 to represent a red component, 2 to represent a green component and 3 to represent a blue component; g (x)b,yb) Representing the coordinate (x) on the subarea backlight plate 1b,yb) Luminous intensity of the subunit, f (x)m,ym) Representing the pixel coordinate (x) of the first liquid crystal layer 4m,ym) Transmittance of (b), k (x)n,ynAnd i) represents the pixel coordinate on the second liquid crystal layer 5 as (x)n,yn) The transmittance of the ith component of (a); in order to reconstruct the luminous intensity I' (x) of the light0,y0I) the luminous intensity I (x) of the corresponding pixel on the input image0,y0I) equal as much as possible; solving by iterationg(xb,yb)，f(xm,ym) And k (x)n,ynThe value of i);
let a random value g' (x)b,yb)，f’(xm,ym)，k’(xn,ynI) the specific iteration mode is as follows;
3.1) since the backlight generates white light containing three components of red, green and blue, the light-emitting subunit coordinates (x) on the partitioned backlight plate 1b,yb) Luminous intensity g (x) ofb,yb) This is obtained from the following equation:
3.2) since the first liquid crystal layer 4 can only modulate the intensity of the light and cannot change the color of the light, the first liquid crystal layer 4 has pixels (x)m,ym) Transmittance f (x) ofm,ym) This can be obtained from the following equation:
3.3) because the pixel of the second liquid crystal layer 5 is composed of red, green and blue sub-pixels, the transmittance of each component of the liquid crystal pixel is determined by each component corresponding to the input image, and the pixel coordinate (x) of the second liquid crystal layer 5n,yn) Transmittance k (x) of the ith component of (1)n,ynI) is given by the following formula:
3.4) let g (x)b,yb)＝g’(xb,yb)，f(xm,ym)＝f’(xm,ym)，k(xn,yn，i)＝k’(xn,ynI), repeating steps (3.1) - (3.3) until the formula argmin | I (x)0,y0,i)-I’(x0,y0，i)|2The value is the smallest.
4) The obtained g (x)b,yb)、f(xm,ym)、k(xn,ynI) the numerical values are respectively transmitted to the light emitting units corresponding to the subarea backlight plate 1 and the pixel points corresponding to the first liquid crystal layer 4 and the second liquid crystal layer 5, and when the subarea backlight plate 1 and the liquid crystal layer array 2 work cooperatively, the image after dimming can be seen; the image quality after dimming is improved by more than 3dB, and the contrast is improved by 120%.
Referring to fig. 3, (a) shows an image input to the control module 3, (b) in fig. 3 shows an image to be displayed by the backlight panel 1 after iterative decomposition, (c) in fig. 3 shows an image to be displayed by the first liquid crystal layer 4 after iterative decomposition, and (c) in fig. 3 shows an image to be displayed by the second liquid crystal layer 5 after iterative decomposition. The simulation experiment is carried out in a matlab2018b environment, and the PSNR value of a test image is improved to 31.0dB from 27.93 dB.
Referring to fig. 4, the image in fig. 4 is a nine-grid image used in testing the static contrast, and a simulation experiment shows that the static contrast is represented by 150000: 1 increased to 330000: 1, and the promotion is 120 percent.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
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