阅读说明：本技术 纳米纤维医用保温防护服面料及其制备方法 (Nano-fiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric and preparation method thereof ) 是由 于文杰 辛斌杰 罗健 沈冬冬 孔方圆 余淼 刘毅 袁秀文 范明珠 朱润虎 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种纳米纤维医用保温防护服面料及其制备方法,制备方法以非织造布纺织纤维作为基布,进行单面磁控溅射纳米粒子涂层,得到处理的无纺布；将聚合物和氧化锌纳米粒子溶解、分散在纺丝溶剂中,得到聚合物纺丝液；进行同轴静电纺丝得到聚合物粒子复合纳米膜作为中间层,将处理的无纺布分别作为表层和底层,通过超声波粘合即可,得到集静电纺丝透气、中空纤维保温、阴离子抗菌和抗静电等功能于一体,具有舒适性与防护安全性兼备的医用保温防护服面料；本发明利用静电纺丝技术能够得到直径为几十或几百纳米的纳米级纤维,形成兼具纳米材料与纤维材料的双重优点,具有重量轻,中空结构有着优良的储存空气等特点,尤其适合用作保温材料。(The invention provides a medical thermal-insulation protective clothing fabric of nano-fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of taking non-woven fabric textile fiber as base cloth, and carrying out single-side magnetron sputtering of a nano-particle coating to obtain treated non-woven fabric; dissolving and dispersing a polymer and zinc oxide nanoparticles in a spinning solvent to obtain a polymer spinning solution; carrying out coaxial electrostatic spinning to obtain a polymer particle composite nano-film as a middle layer, respectively using the treated non-woven fabric as a surface layer and a bottom layer, and carrying out ultrasonic bonding to obtain the medical heat-insulating protective clothing fabric which integrates the functions of electrostatic spinning ventilation, hollow fiber heat insulation, anion antibiosis, static resistance and the like and has both comfort and protection safety; the invention can obtain nanometer fiber with diameter of dozens or hundreds of nanometers by utilizing the electrostatic spinning technology, has the double advantages of nanometer material and fiber material, has the characteristics of light weight, excellent air storage property of a hollow structure and the like, and is particularly suitable for being used as a heat insulation material.)

1. A preparation method of a nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps: which comprises the following steps:

(1) performing single-side magnetron sputtering of the nanoparticle coating on the non-woven fabric to obtain a treated non-woven fabric;

(2) dissolving the polymer and the zinc oxide nanoparticles, and dispersing the polymer and the zinc oxide nanoparticles in a spinning solvent to obtain a polymer spinning solution;

(3) taking the treated non-woven fabric as a base fabric, and carrying out coaxial electrostatic spinning on the base fabric by using the polymer spinning solution to obtain a polymer particle composite nano-film;

(4) and respectively using the treated non-woven fabric as a surface layer and a bottom layer, using the polymer particle composite nano film as a middle layer, and obtaining the nano fiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric through an ultrasonic bonding process.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the non-woven fabric is selected from more than one of spunlace non-woven fabric, polypropylene spunbonded non-woven fabric, polyester spunbonded non-woven fabric, melt-blown non-woven fabric, terylene, acrylic or chinlon.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the nano particles subjected to magnetron sputtering are selected from more than one of silver, copper and zinc.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the magnetron sputtering process parameters are as follows: the time is 5-20min, and the power is 45-100W.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the polymer is selected from more than one of polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene and polylactic acid.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the spinning solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the addition amount of the zinc oxide nano particles is 0.5-5 wt% of the polymer.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the polymer spinning solution contains 8-15 wt% of polymer.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the electrostatic spinning process parameters are as follows: spinning voltage is 10-25kV, receiving distance is 5-30cm, injection speed is 0.5-1.5mL/h, temperature is 15-35 ℃, and relative humidity is 25-75%.

10. A medical heat preservation protective clothing surface fabric of nanofiber which characterized in that: obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical protection, and particularly relates to a nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the development of new coronary epidemic situation, the use amount and the demand of medical products are greatly increased due to the outbreak of the new coronary epidemic situation. The medical protective material is a disposable material product for avoiding the generation of cross infection. The medical protective clothing can effectively prevent the blocking effect of liquid, microorganisms and particles, and is an important guarantee for nursing medical care personnel. Many organizations and researchers have been working on improving the protective properties of fabrics, while neglecting the wearing comfort, breathability and warmth of protective garments during the winter period.

The fabrics of the medical protective clothing in China are mostly compounded by a plurality of materials, such as compact textiles, coatings and composite microporous films, and the fabrics of the protective clothing prepared by the methods have a common problem, namely, the fabrics have poor comfort, poor air permeability and poor heat preservation performance, and can bring physical discomfort to medical care personnel when being worn for a long time. The electrostatic spinning technology is a method for forming jet flow by using high-voltage electrostatic action on polymer solution or melt and further stretching and solidifying the jet flow in an electric field so as to obtain continuous micro-nano fibers, and the electrostatic spinning is one of main ways for preparing nano fiber materials.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric. The principle is that a spunbonded fabric textile fiber material is used as a base fabric, an electrostatic spinning technology is utilized, a long-acting electret technology is combined, a polymer spinning solution is sprayed on a non-woven fabric coated with nano ions in a nano fiber form through high-voltage static electricity, and the non-woven fabric is compounded through an ultrasonic bonding technology.

The invention also aims to provide the nanofiber medical heat-insulation protective clothing fabric which has excellent comfort and heat insulation and has important practical significance for current epidemic situation protection and daily life health.

In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the solution of the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of a nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out single-side magnetron sputtering of the nano particle protective coating on the non-woven fabric to obtain a treated non-woven fabric;

(2) dissolving the polymer and the zinc oxide nanoparticles, and dispersing the polymer and the zinc oxide nanoparticles in a spinning solvent to obtain a polymer spinning solution;

(3) the treated non-woven fabric is used as a base fabric, and the polymer spinning solution is coaxially and electrostatically spun on the base fabric to obtain a polymer particle composite nano-film, namely a layer of hollow nano-zinc oxide composite film is spun on the non-woven fabric which is magnetically sputtered with nano-particles by utilizing coaxial electrostatic spinning;

(4) and respectively using the treated non-woven fabric as a surface layer and a bottom layer, using the polymer particle composite nano film as a middle layer, and obtaining the nano fiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric through an ultrasonic bonding process.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the nonwoven fabric is selected from at least one of spunlace nonwoven fabric, polypropylene spunbond nonwoven fabric, polyester spunbond nonwoven fabric, meltblown nonwoven fabric, polyester, acrylic or nylon.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the magnetron sputtered nanoparticles are selected from one or more of silver, copper and zinc.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the process parameters of the magnetron sputtering are as follows: the time is 5-20min, and the power is 45-100W.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the polymer is at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene, and polylactic acid.

In step (2), the spinning solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and acetone.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the zinc oxide nanoparticles are added in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt% based on the polymer.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the polymer dope contains 8 to 15 wt% of the polymer.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the electrostatic spinning process parameters are as follows: spinning voltage is 10-25kV, receiving distance is 5-30cm, the speeds of the core layer air and the polymer spinning solution of the shell layer are the same or different, the injection speed is 0.5-1.5mL/h, the temperature is 15-35 ℃, and the relative humidity is 25-75%.

In order to achieve the second purpose, the solution of the invention is as follows:

the nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric is obtained by the preparation method.

Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the coaxial electrostatic spinning technology is utilized, the magnetron sputtering technology is combined to sputter a nanoparticle film on the surface of base cloth, the ultrasonic bonding technology is combined to integrate multiple layers of micro-nano fiber materials, and based on the characteristics that the nanofiber has small diameter, small aperture, high porosity, heat preservation, antibiosis and static prevention, the problems of poor air permeability, comfort, heat preservation and conductivity of the traditional protective clothing are solved.

Secondly, the invention can obtain the nanometer fiber with the diameter of dozens or hundreds of nanometers by utilizing the electrostatic spinning technology, the formed nanometer fiber has the double advantages of nanometer material and fiber material, has the characteristics of light weight, hollow structure, excellent air storage and the like, and is particularly suitable for being used as a heat insulation material.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a nanofiber medical heat-insulating protective clothing fabric of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the non-woven fabric treated by magnetron sputtering (the shade of color refers to the degree of dispersion of single-sided magnetron sputtering nanoparticles).

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a preparation process of the nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric of the invention.

Reference numerals: 1-non-woven fabric subjected to magnetron sputtering treatment, 2-polymer particle composite nano-film, 3-non-woven fabric surface subjected to magnetron sputtering treatment, 4-non-woven fabric surface subjected to magnetron sputtering treatment, 5-single nanofiber subjected to magnetron sputtering, 6-magnetron sputtering, 7-polymer, 8-spinning solvent and 9-zinc oxide nano-particles.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric based on a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology and a preparation method thereof.

< preparation method of nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric >

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the preparation method of the nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) performing single-side magnetron sputtering 6 nano particle coating on the non-woven fabric to obtain a treated non-woven fabric (namely the non-woven fabric 1 subjected to magnetron sputtering treatment);

(2) dissolving the polymer 7 and the zinc oxide nano particles 9, and dispersing in a spinning solvent 8 to obtain a polymer spinning solution;

(3) the treated non-woven fabric is used for receiving base fabric, and polymer spinning solution is coaxially and electrostatically spun on the base fabric to obtain a polymer particle composite nano-film 2;

(4) and respectively taking the treated non-woven fabric as a surface layer and a bottom layer, taking the polymer particle composite nano film 2 as a middle layer, and obtaining the nano fiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric through an ultrasonic bonding process.

In the step (1), one side of the non-woven fabric 1 subjected to magnetron sputtering treatment is a non-woven fabric surface 3 without magnetron sputtering treatment, the other side of the non-woven fabric 1 is a non-woven fabric surface 4 subjected to magnetron sputtering treatment, and the middle of the non-woven fabric surface contains a plurality of single nano fibers 5 subjected to magnetron sputtering.

In the step (1), the non-woven fabric is selected from more than one of spunlace non-woven fabric, polypropylene spunbonded non-woven fabric, polyester spunbonded non-woven fabric, melt-blown non-woven fabric, terylene, acrylic or chinlon.

In step (1), the magnetron sputtered nanoparticles include, but are not limited to, Ag, Cu, Zn, and the like.

In the step (1), the technological parameters of magnetron sputtering are as follows: the time is 5-20min, and the power is 45-100W.

In the step (2), the polymer is selected from one or more of polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene, and polylactic acid.

In the step (2), the spinning solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone.

Specifically, when the polymer is polymethyl methacrylate, the spinning solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide.

When the polymer is polyacrylonitrile, the spinning solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide.

When the polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride, the spinning solvent is a mixed solvent of N, N-dimethylformamide and acetone, and the volume ratio of the N, N-dimethylformamide to the acetone can be (2-2.5): 1, preferably 2: 1.

When the polymer is polystyrene, the spinning solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide.

When the polymer is polylactic acid, the spinning solvent is a mixed solvent of N, N-dimethylformamide and acetone, and the mass ratio of the N, N-dimethylformamide to the acetone can be (2-6): 1, preferably 4: 1.

In the step (2), the zinc oxide nano particles are added in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt% based on the polymer.

In the step (2), the polymer spinning solution contains 8 to 15 wt% of the polymer.

In the step (2), the technological parameters of electrostatic spinning are as follows: spinning voltage is 10-25kV, receiving distance is 5-30cm, the speeds of the core layer air and the polymer spinning solution of the shell layer are the same or different, the injection speed is 0.5-1.5mL/h, the temperature is 15-35 ℃, and the relative humidity is 25-75%.

< medical thermal insulation protective clothing fabric of nanofiber >

The nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric is prepared by the preparation method.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1:

the preparation method of the nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) setting the magnetron sputtering power to be 45W, sputtering for 5min, and carrying out single-side magnetron sputtering silver nanoparticle coating on the polypropylene spun-bonded non-woven fabric to obtain the polypropylene spun-bonded fabric.

(2) 2.22g of dry polylactic acid powder and 3 wt% of zinc oxide nanoparticles are dissolved and dispersed in a mixed solution of 16g of N, N-dimethylformamide and 4g of acetone solution, and the solution is magnetically stirred for 24 hours at normal temperature to obtain polylactic acid electrostatic spinning solution.

(3) The polypropylene spunbonded fabric is used for the base fabric to be accepted, the polylactic acid electrostatic spinning solution is used for carrying out coaxial electrostatic spinning on the base fabric to obtain the polylactic acid particle composite nano-film (namely the two layers of composite fabrics of the polylactic acid electrostatic spinning nano-fiber film), and the electrostatic spinning parameters are as follows: the spinning voltage was 16kV, the take-up distance was 16cm, and the injection speed was 0.5 mL/h.

(4) Respectively taking polypropylene spun-bonded cloth as a surface layer and a bottom layer, taking a polylactic acid particle composite nano film as a middle layer, and bonding the three layers of materials by an ultrasonic bonding process to form a spun-bonded-composite layer-spun-bonded structure, wherein the surfaces of the surface layer and the bottom layer, which are sputtered with silver, are adhered to the middle layer, so that the medical thermal-insulation protective clothing fabric made of the nano fibers is obtained.

Example 2:

the preparation method of the nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) setting the magnetron sputtering power to be 45W, sputtering for 5min, and carrying out single-side magnetron sputtering silver nanoparticle coating on the polypropylene spun-bonded non-woven fabric to obtain the polypropylene spun-bonded fabric.

(2) Mixing N, N-dimethylformamide and acetone (volume ratio is 2:1) in a beaker, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 3 hours to serve as a spinning solvent; dissolving 14 wt% of polyvinylidene fluoride and 5 wt% of zinc oxide nano particles, and dispersing in a spinning solvent to obtain the polyvinylidene fluoride electrostatic spinning solution.

(3) Allowing the polyvinylidene fluoride electrostatic spinning solution obtained in the step (2) to pass through electrostatic spinning equipment and a polypropylene spunbonded fabric for receiving, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride particle composite nano-film (namely a two-layer composite fabric of a polyvinylidene fluoride electrostatic spinning nano-fiber film); the parameters of electrostatic spinning are as follows: the voltage is 35KV, the distance from the spray head to the receiving base cloth is 18cm, the distance from the spray head to the receiving base cloth is 15cm, and the injection speed is 0.5 mL/h.

(4) Respectively taking polypropylene spun-bonded cloth as a surface layer and a bottom layer, taking a polyvinylidene fluoride particle composite nano-film as a middle layer, and bonding the three layers of materials by an ultrasonic bonding process to form a spun-bonded-composite layer-spun-bonded structure, wherein the surfaces of the surface layer and the bottom layer, which are sputtered with silver, are adhered to the middle layer, so that the medical thermal-insulation protective clothing fabric made of the nano-fibers is obtained.

Example 3:

the preparation method of the nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) setting the magnetron sputtering power to be 45W, sputtering for 10min, and carrying out single-side magnetron sputtering silver nanoparticle coating on the polypropylene spun-bonded non-woven fabric to obtain the polypropylene spun-bonded fabric.

(2) Mixing N, N-dimethylformamide and acetone (volume ratio is 2:1) in a beaker, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 4 hours to serve as a spinning solvent; dissolving 14 wt% of polyvinylidene fluoride and 5 wt% of zinc oxide nano particles, and dispersing in a spinning solvent to obtain the polyvinylidene fluoride electrostatic spinning solution.

(3) Allowing the polyvinylidene fluoride electrostatic spinning solution obtained in the step (2) to pass through electrostatic spinning equipment and a polypropylene spunbonded fabric for receiving, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride particle composite nano-film (namely a two-layer composite fabric of a polyvinylidene fluoride electrostatic spinning nano-fiber film); the parameters of electrostatic spinning are as follows: the voltage is 35KV, the distance from the nozzle to the receiving base cloth is 18cm, and the spinning speed is 80 mm/min.

(4) Respectively taking polypropylene spun-bonded cloth as a surface layer and a bottom layer, taking a polyvinylidene fluoride particle composite nano-film as a middle layer, and bonding the three layers of materials by an ultrasonic bonding process to form a spun-bonded-composite layer-spun-bonded structure, wherein the surfaces of the surface layer and the bottom layer, which are sputtered with silver, are adhered to the middle layer, so that the medical thermal-insulation protective clothing fabric made of the nano-fibers is obtained.

Example 4:

the preparation method of the nanofiber medical heat-preservation protective clothing fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) setting the magnetron sputtering power to be 45W, sputtering for 10min, and carrying out single-side magnetron sputtering silver nanoparticle coating on the polypropylene spun-bonded non-woven fabric to obtain the polypropylene spun-bonded fabric.

(2) And N, N-dimethylformamide as a spinning solvent, dissolving 14 wt% of polymethyl methacrylate and 5 wt% of zinc oxide nano particles in the spinning solvent, and dispersing in the spinning solvent to obtain the polymethyl methacrylate electrostatic spinning solution.

(3) The polymethyl methacrylate electrostatic spinning solution obtained in the step (2) is received by electrostatic spinning equipment and polypropylene spun-bonded cloth, and electrostatic spinning is carried out to obtain a polymethyl methacrylate particle composite nano-film (namely a two-layer composite fabric of a polymethyl methacrylate electrostatic spinning nano-fiber film); the parameters of electrostatic spinning are as follows: the voltage is 16KV, the distance from the spray head to the receiving base cloth is 15cm, and the injection speed is 0.5 mL/h.

(4) Respectively taking polypropylene spun-bonded cloth as a surface layer and a bottom layer, taking a polymethyl methacrylate particle composite nano film as a middle layer, and bonding the three layers of materials by an ultrasonic bonding process to form a spun-bonded-composite layer-spun-bonded structure, wherein the surfaces, sputtered with silver, of the surface layer and the bottom layer are adhered to the middle layer to obtain the medical thermal-insulation nano-fiber protective clothing fabric.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the scope of the invention.