阅读说明：本技术 滤波器、天线装置和电子设备 (Filter, antenna device, and electronic apparatus ) 是由 张帅 黄楠 雍征东 于 2020-05-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提供一种滤波器、天线装置和电子设备。该滤波器包括：第一和第二去耦网络,均具有输入端口、输出端口、第一连接端口和第二连接端口；第一去耦传输线,连接第一去耦网络的第一连接端口与第二去耦网络的第一连接端口；第二去耦传输线,连接第一去耦网络的第二连接端口与第二去耦网络的第二连接端口。第一去耦网络的自输入端口到输出端口的传输系数由第一去耦传输线的第一长度、第二去耦传输线的第二长度以及第一去耦网络的散射参数限定。本申请可实现滤波器中去耦网络的传输系数的可调化,进而可实现滤波器的多频带滤波。(The application provides a filter, an antenna device and an electronic apparatus. The filter includes: first and second decoupling networks each having an input port, an output port, a first connection port and a second connection port; a first decoupling transmission line connecting a first connection port of the first decoupling network and a first connection port of the second decoupling network; a second decoupling transmission line connecting a second connection port of the first decoupling network with a second connection port of the second decoupling network. The transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network from the input port to the output port is defined by a first length of the first decoupling transmission line, a second length of the second decoupling transmission line, and a scattering parameter of the first decoupling network. The method and the device can realize the adjustability of the transmission coefficient of the decoupling network in the filter, and further realize the multiband filtering of the filter.)

1. A filter, comprising:

a first decoupling network having an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; the output port is used for connecting a first antenna unit, and the input port is used for connecting a first feed source;

a second decoupling network having an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; an output port of the second decoupling network is used for connecting a second antenna unit, and an input port of the second decoupling network is used for connecting a second feed source;

a first decoupling transmission line connecting a first connection port of the first decoupling network with a first connection port of the second decoupling network; and

a second decoupling transmission line connecting a second connection port of the first decoupling network with a second connection port of the second decoupling network;

wherein a transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network from the input port to the output port is defined by a first length of the first decoupling transmission line, a second length of the second decoupling transmission line, and a scattering parameter of the first decoupling network.

2. The filter of claim 1, wherein:

the first decoupling network and the second decoupling network are both directional couplers; and is

The first connection port is one of a coupling port and an isolation port, and the second connection port is the other of the isolation port and the coupling port.

3. The filter of claim 1, wherein:

the first and second decoupling networks have the same scattering parameters.

4. The filter of claim 1, wherein:

the transmission coefficient is 0 so that transmission zeros appear in the first decoupling network.

5. The filter of claim 1, wherein:

defining said transmission coefficient as T and defining a first length of said first decoupled transmission line as d₃Defining a second length of said second decoupled transmission line as d₄And defining a scattering parameter of said first decoupling network as S₁₂And S₁₃The following relationship is satisfied between these parameters:

wherein e is a natural constant, j is a symbol representing an imaginary number, k is a wave number, and S₁₃Is the mutual coupling coefficient of the first decoupling network.

6. The filter of claim 5, wherein:

the following relationship is satisfied between these parameters so that the transmission coefficient T is 0:

wherein phi is₁₂As scattering parameter S₁₂The phase of (c).

7. The filter of claim 1, wherein:

the first decoupling network comprises a fifth transmission line, a sixth transmission line, a seventh transmission line and an eighth transmission line which are sequentially connected end to form a polygon, and the characteristic impedance of the fifth transmission line and the characteristic impedance of the seventh transmission line are Z₁A characteristic impedance of the sixth transmission line and the eighth transmission line is Z₂Said first and second decoupled transmission lines having a characteristic impedance Z₀(ii) a The following relationship is satisfied between these parameters:

wherein D is the coupling degree of the first decoupling network.

8. The filter of claim 7, wherein:

at least one of the fifth transmission line, the sixth transmission line, the seventh transmission line and the eighth transmission line is connected with two open-circuit branches.

9. The filter of claim 1, wherein:

at least one of the first decoupling network and the second decoupling network comprises an open stub.

10. The filter of claim 9, wherein:

the open-circuit branch knot comprises a connecting wire and a square block connected to the tail end of the connecting wire; or

The branch nodes are linear and have consistent width.

11. The filter of claim 9, wherein:

the open stub is located inside the first decoupling network.

12. The filter of claim 1, wherein:

the first decoupling transmission line is located on the same side of the first decoupling network and the second decoupling network; and/or

The second decoupling transmission line is located between the first decoupling network and the second decoupling network.

13. The filter of claim 1, wherein:

the first decoupling transmission line is located on a first side of the first and second decoupling networks and the second decoupling transmission line is located on a second side of the first and second decoupling networks remote from the first side.

14. An antenna device, comprising:

the antenna comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit which are adjacently arranged; and

a filter, the filter comprising:

a first decoupling network having an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; the output port is connected with the first antenna unit, and the input port is used for connecting a first feed source;

a second decoupling network having an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; an output port of the second decoupling network is connected with the second antenna unit, and an input port of the second decoupling network is used for connecting a second feed source;

a first decoupling transmission line connecting a first connection port of the first decoupling network with a first connection port of the second decoupling network; and

a second decoupling transmission line connecting a second connection port of the first decoupling network with a second connection port of the second decoupling network;

wherein a transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network from the input port to the output port is defined by a first length of the first decoupling transmission line, a second length of the second decoupling transmission line, and a scattering parameter of the first decoupling network.

15. The antenna device of claim 14, wherein:

the antenna device comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a third substrate which are sequentially stacked;

the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are formed on the first substrate;

a feeder line is arranged in the third substrate and the second substrate and connected with the first antenna unit;

another feeder line is arranged in the third substrate and the second substrate, and the another feeder line is connected with the second antenna unit;

an output port of the first decoupling network is connected to the feeder;

an output port of the second decoupling network is connected to the further feeder; and is

The first decoupling network, the second decoupling network, the first decoupling transmission line, and the second decoupling transmission line are disposed on the third substrate.

16. The antenna device of claim 15, wherein:

the third substrate is a multilayer structure, and the first and second decoupling transmission lines are disposed on a layer of the third substrate.

17. The antenna device of claim 16, wherein:

at least one of the first and second decoupling transmission lines forms a meandering or curved pattern.

18. The antenna device of claim 15, wherein:

each of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit comprises a surface layer radiation piece and an inner layer radiation piece which are mutually isolated and correspondingly arranged, the surface layer radiation piece is arranged on the surface, far away from the second substrate, of the first substrate, and the inner layer radiation piece is arranged on the surface, close to the second substrate, of the first substrate.

19. An electronic device, comprising:

a housing;

the display screen assembly is connected with the shell and forms an accommodating space with the shell;

the radio frequency chip is arranged in the accommodating space; and

an antenna device at least partially disposed in the accommodating space, the antenna device comprising:

a plurality of spaced apart antenna elements; and

a filter, the filter comprising:

a plurality of decoupling networks in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of antenna units, wherein each decoupling network has an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; a first feeder is connected between the output port and the corresponding antenna unit, and a second feeder is connected between the input port and the radio frequency chip;

a first decoupling transmission line connected between first connection ports of adjacent decoupling networks; and

a second decoupling transmission line connected between second connection ports of adjacent decoupling networks;

wherein a transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network from the input port to the output port is defined by a first length of the first decoupling transmission line, a second length of the second decoupling transmission line, and a scattering parameter of the first decoupling network.

20. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein the antenna device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a third substrate which are sequentially stacked; the plurality of antenna units are arranged on the first substrate; the first and second decoupling transmission lines are disposed within the third substrate; the radio frequency chip is arranged on one side of the third substrate far away from the second substrate.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of filters, in particular to a filter, an antenna device and electronic equipment.

Background

With the development of the communication industry, the coexistence of multi-standard communication systems is the current situation of the current communication industry. Therefore, to better support multi-standard, different frequency communication systems, multiband filters have been extensively studied as key devices in communication systems.

Disclosure of Invention

One aspect of the present application provides a filter, comprising: a first decoupling network having an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; the output port is used for connecting a first antenna unit, and the input port is used for connecting a first feed source; a second decoupling network having an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; the output port of the second decoupling network is used for connecting a second antenna unit, and the input port of the second decoupling network is used for connecting a second feed source; a first decoupling transmission line connecting a first connection port of the first decoupling network with a first connection port of the second decoupling network; a second decoupling transmission line connecting a second connection port of the first decoupling network with a second connection port of the second decoupling network. The transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network from the input port to the output port is defined by a first length of the first decoupling transmission line, a second length of the second decoupling transmission line, and a scattering parameter of the first decoupling network.

In another aspect, the present application also provides an antenna apparatus, including: the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are adjacently arranged; and a filter. The filter includes: a first decoupling network having an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; the output port is connected with the first antenna unit, and the input port is used for connecting a first feed source; a second decoupling network having an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; an output port of the second decoupling network is connected with the second antenna unit, and an input port of the second decoupling network is used for connecting a second feed source; a first decoupling transmission line connecting a first connection port of the first decoupling network with a first connection port of the second decoupling network; a second decoupling transmission line connecting a second connection port of the first decoupling network with a second connection port of the second decoupling network. The transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network from the input port to the output port is defined by a first length of the first decoupling transmission line, a second length of the second decoupling transmission line, and a scattering parameter of the first decoupling network.

In yet another aspect, the present application also provides an electronic device, comprising: a housing; the display screen assembly is connected with the shell and forms an accommodating space with the shell; the radio frequency chip is arranged in the accommodating space; and the antenna device is at least partially arranged in the accommodating space. The antenna device includes: a plurality of spaced apart antenna elements; and a filter. The filter includes: a plurality of decoupling networks in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of antenna units, wherein each decoupling network has an input port, an output port, a first connection port, and a second connection port; a first feeder is connected between the output port and the corresponding antenna unit, and a second feeder is connected between the input port and the radio frequency chip; a first decoupling transmission line connected between first connection ports of adjacent decoupling networks; a second decoupling transmission line connected between second connection ports of adjacent decoupling networks. The transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network from the input port to the output port is defined by a first length of the first decoupling transmission line, a second length of the second decoupling transmission line, and a scattering parameter of the first decoupling network.

According to the method, a first decoupling transmission line and a second decoupling transmission line are used for connecting a first decoupling network and a second decoupling network, so that the transmission coefficient of the decoupling network from an input port to an output port can be limited by designing the first length of the first decoupling transmission line, the second length of the second decoupling transmission line and scattering parameters of the decoupling network, and the adjustability of the transmission coefficient of the decoupling network in a filter is realized. In particular, the transmission coefficient can be designed to be 0, so that a plurality of transmission zeros can appear in the decoupling network of the present application, and then the multiband filtering of the filter can be realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort, wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a filtering principle for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first decoupling network of an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second decoupling network of an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a perspective view of an antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a top view of the antenna arrangement of fig. 7;

fig. 9 is a bottom view of the antenna device of fig. 7;

fig. 10 is a partial schematic view of the antenna arrangement of fig. 9 showing the arrangement of the first and second decoupling networks of the antenna arrangement and the first and second decoupling transmission lines connected therebetween;

fig. 11 is a bottom view of an antenna device according to a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a partial schematic view of the antenna arrangement of fig. 11 showing the branches of the first and second decoupling networks of the antenna arrangement and the arrangement of the first and second decoupling transmission lines connected therebetween;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a straight transmission line equivalent to a pi-type transmission line;

fig. 14 is a bottom view of the antenna device of the third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of a layered structure of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application, in which two antenna elements are shown;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of an antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is an analysis of transmission zero theory for a four port network of an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a graph of simulation results of transmission zeros of the four port network of the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

The application provides a filter and adopt its antenna device and electronic equipment, and this filter can carry out accurate self-defining to the transmission coefficient from input port to output port of four-port network, and then can be limited to 0 with the transmission coefficient of four-port network to produce a plurality of transmission zeros, realize multiband filtering. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

The electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a POS (Point of Sales), a vehicle-mounted computer, a CPE (Customer Premise Equipment), and other terminal devices. The present application is described below with a cell phone as an example.

As shown in fig. 1, the handset 100 may include: RF (Radio Frequency) circuitry 101, memory 102, a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 103, peripheral interfaces 104, audio circuitry 105, speakers 106, a power management chip 107, an input/output (I/O) subsystem 108, a touch screen 109, other input/control devices 110, and an external port 111, which communicate via one or more communication buses or signal lines 112.

It should be understood that the illustrated handset is merely one example of an electronic device and that the handset 100 may have more or fewer components than shown in the figures, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration of components. The various components shown in the figures may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits.

The components of the handset 100 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.

The Radio Frequency (RF) circuit 101 is mainly used to establish communication between the mobile phone and the wireless network (i.e., network side), and implement data reception and transmission between the mobile phone and the wireless network. Such as sending and receiving short messages, e-mails, etc. Specifically, the RF circuit 101 receives and transmits RF signals, which are also referred to as electromagnetic signals, and the RF circuit 101 converts electrical signals into electromagnetic signals or vice versa and communicates with a communication network and other devices through the electromagnetic signals. The RF circuitry 101 may include known circuitry for performing these functions including, but not limited to, an antenna system with an antenna array, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC (CODEC) chipset, a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), and so forth.

The memory 102 may be accessed by the CPU 103, the peripheral interface 104, and the like, and the memory 102 may include high speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other volatile solid state storage devices.

The central processing unit 103 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device by executing software programs and modules stored in the memory 102.

Peripheral interface 104 may connect input and output peripherals of the device to CPU 103 and memory 102.

The I/O subsystem 108 may connect input and output peripherals on the device, such as a touch screen 109 and other input/control devices 110, to the peripheral interface 104. I/O subsystem 108 may include a display controller 1081 and one or more input controllers 1082 for controlling other input/control devices 110. Where one or more input controllers 1082 receive electrical signals from or transmit electrical signals to other input/control devices 110, the other input/control devices 110 may include physical buttons (push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slide switches, joysticks, click wheels. It is worth noting that the input controller 1082 may be connected with any one of the following: a keyboard, an infrared port, a USB port, and a pointing device such as a mouse.

The touch screen 109 is an input interface and an output interface between the user terminal and the user, and displays visual output to the user, which may include graphics, text, icons, video, and the like.

The display controller 1081 in the I/O subsystem 108 receives electrical signals from the touch screen 109 or sends electrical signals to the touch screen 109. The touch screen 109 detects a contact on the touch screen, and the display controller 1081 converts the detected contact into an interaction with a user interface object displayed on the touch screen 109, that is, implements a human-computer interaction, where the user interface object displayed on the touch screen 109 may be an icon for running a game, an icon networked to a corresponding network, or the like. It is worth mentioning that the device may also comprise a light mouse, which is a touch sensitive surface that does not show visual output, or an extension of the touch sensitive surface formed by the touch screen.

The audio circuit 105 is primarily used to receive audio data from the peripheral interface 104, convert the audio data into electrical signals, and send the electrical signals to the speaker 106.

The speaker 106 is used to convert voice signals received by the handset 100 from the wireless network through the RF circuit 101 into sound and play the sound to the user.

The power management chip 107 is used for supplying power and managing power to the hardware connected to the CPU 103, the I/O subsystem 108, and the peripheral interface 104.

The following is directed to an array antenna in an antenna system of the RF circuitry 101 of the electronic device. The array antenna typically includes a plurality of closely arranged antenna elements. In at least two adjacent antenna units, each antenna unit is connected with the feed source through a decoupling network. In the description of the present application, "plurality" includes at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

The present embodiment describes the present application by taking two adjacent antenna elements 10 and 20 as an example. As shown in fig. 2, it is a schematic diagram of the filtering principle for the array antenna according to the embodiment of the present application, and the array antenna includes adjacent antenna elements 10 and 20. The radiation characteristics of the antenna elements 10 and 20 may be the same or different. The antenna unit 10 may receive an excitation current from a feed source (radio frequency transceiver) of the electronic device, and after amplification and filtering, the antenna unit 10 is excited to resonate at a corresponding frequency, so as to generate an electromagnetic wave signal at the corresponding frequency, and the electromagnetic wave signal at the same frequency as the free space is coupled to realize signal transmission. The antenna unit 10 may also couple electromagnetic wave signals from the same frequency in free space under the excitation of the excitation signal, so as to form an induced current on the antenna unit 10, and the induced current is filtered and amplified and then enters the rf transceiver.

The decoupling networks corresponding to the two adjacent antenna units 10 and 20 are connected to each other, wherein the antenna unit 10 corresponds to the first decoupling network 31, and the antenna unit 20 corresponds to the second decoupling network 31'. The first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' are each four-port networks. The first decoupling network 31 has an input port (a) to which a feed is connected₁,b₁) An output port (a) connected to the antenna unit 10₂,b₂) And a first connection port (a) for connecting a second decoupling network 31₃,b₃) And a second connection port (a)₄,b₄). The second decoupling network 31 ' has an input port (a ') connected to the feed '₁,b’₁) And an output port (a ') to which the antenna unit 20 is connected'₂,b’₂) And a first connection port (a ') for connection to a first decoupling network 31'₃,b’₃) And a second connection port (a'₄,b’₄). Length d₁May form the output port (a)₂,b₂) And has a characteristic impedance Z₀(ii) a Length d₂May form the output port (a'₂,b’₂) And has a characteristic impedance Z₀. Length d₃Is connected to a first connection port (a) of a first decoupling network 31₃,b₃) First connection port (a ') to a second decoupling network 31'₃,b’₃) And has a characteristic impedance Z₃(ii) a Length d₄Is connected to a second connection port (a) of the first decoupling network 31₄,b₄) Second connection port (a ') to a second decoupling network 31'₄,b’₄) And has a specific propertySexual impedance Z₄. In addition, a₁， a₂，a’₁，a’₂，a₃，a₄，a’₃，a’₄Is the amplitude of the incident voltage wave, b₁，b₂，b’₁，b’₂，b₃，b₄， b’₃，b’₄Is the reflected voltage wave amplitude. It should be noted that the "input port" and the "output port" in the embodiment of the present application are named only from the perspective of the antenna unit 10 transmitting signals. It is understood that the antenna unit 10 can also receive signals, and in this case, the "output port" can be used as an input port, and the "input port" can be used as an output port, that is, the names of the "input port" and the "output port" in this application are not limited to the attributes of the ports. It should also be noted that the length d in fig. 2 is₁Also shows a characteristic impedance Z₀The two transmission lines correspond to the same wire in real object; likewise, length d₂Transmission line of length d₃And a first decoupled transmission line of length d₄Should also be understood as such. Characteristic impedance Z₃Characteristic impedance Z₄Can be set to the characteristic impedance Z₀Are equal. In addition, the characteristic impedance Z₀Usually predetermined, for example, to 50 Ω.

As shown in fig. 3, it is a schematic structural diagram of a filter for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein at least a first decoupling network 31, a second decoupling network 31', and a first decoupling transmission line 33 and a second decoupling transmission line 34 connected therebetween may constitute the filter for an array antenna according to the present application. The first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34 are used to transmit signals to cancel the mutual coupling between the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31'. In addition, the filter and the array antenna connected thereto may also form the antenna device of the present application.

Examples of the first decoupling network 31 corresponding to the antenna element 10 in fig. 3 and 4 are described in detail below. It will be appreciated that the second decoupling network 31' corresponding to the antenna element 20 may be identical to the first decoupling network 31 corresponding to the antenna element 10, e.g. having the same structural and/or scattering parameters (i.e. S-parameters). It is readily apparent that when the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' adopt the same structure, their S parameters are also the same; conversely, when the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' have the same S-parameters, their structures (e.g., dimensions) may not be the same.

In particular, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first decoupling network 31 is a four-port network. In one embodiment, the four port network is a directional coupler, which may include a directional coupler body 310 and four transmission lines extending from the directional coupler body 310. The four transmission lines include a first transmission line 311, a second transmission line 312, a third transmission line 313, and a fourth transmission line 314. In addition, the first connection port (a) of the directional coupler₃,b₃) Can be a coupled port or an isolated port; correspondingly, the second connection port (a) of the directional coupler₄,b₄) May be an isolated port or a coupled port.

The directional coupler body 310 may include a fifth transmission line 315, a sixth transmission line 316, a seventh transmission line 317, and an eighth transmission line 318. The fifth transmission line 315, the sixth transmission line 316, the seventh transmission line 317 and the eighth transmission line 318 are sequentially connected end to form a loop.

Wherein a first end of the first transmission line 311 is connected with a first end of the fifth transmission line 315, and a second end of the first transmission line 311 forms an input port connected with the feed 40. A first end of the second transmission line 312 is connected to a second end of the fifth transmission line 315, the second end of the second transmission line 312 forming an output port for connection to the antenna unit 10. A first end of the third transmission line 313 is connected to a first end of the seventh transmission line 317 and a second end of the third transmission line 313 forms a first connection port connected to a first end of the first decoupling transmission line 33. A first end of the fourth transmission line 314 is connected to a second end of the seventh transmission line 317 and the second end of the fourth transmission line 314 forms a second connection port connected to a first end of the second decoupling transmission line 34. It is noted that the first and second ends of a transmission line as referred to herein refer to the opposite ends of the transmission line.

The third and fourth transmission lines 313 and 314 may be designed to have a short length, for example, the length of the third and fourth transmission lines 313 and 314 can be connected only to the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 without having a redundant length. This can reduce the impact on the length design of the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34.

The characteristic impedance of fifth transmission line 315 and seventh transmission line 317 may be designed to be Z₁The characteristic impedance of the sixth transmission line 316 and the eighth transmission line 318 can be designed to be Z₂. Additionally, the lengths of fifth transmission line 315, sixth transmission line 316, seventh transmission line 317, and eighth transmission line 318 may each be set to (1/4) λ, where λ is the wavelength.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the second decoupling network 31' corresponding to the antenna unit 20 may be the same as the first decoupling network 31 described above. In particular, the second decoupling network 31' is a four-port network. In one embodiment, the four port network is a directional coupler, which may include a directional coupler body 310 'and four transmission lines extending from the directional coupler body 310'. The four transmission lines include a first transmission line 311 ', a second transmission line 312', a third transmission line 313 'and a fourth transmission line 314'. Additionally, a first connection port (a ') of the directional coupler'₃,b’₃) Can be a coupled port or an isolated port; accordingly, the second connection port (a ') of the directional coupler'₄,b’₄) May be an isolated port or a coupled port.

The directional coupler body 310 ' may include a fifth transmission line 315 ', a sixth transmission line 316 ', a seventh transmission line 317 ', and an eighth transmission line 318 '. The fifth transmission line 315 ', the sixth transmission line 316', the seventh transmission line 317 'and the eighth transmission line 318' are connected end to end in sequence to form a loop.

Wherein a first end of the first transmission line 311 'is connected with a first end of the fifth transmission line 315', and a second end of the first transmission line 311 'forms an input port connected with the feed 40'. A first end of the second transmission line 312 ' is connected to a second end of the fifth transmission line 315 ', the second end of the second transmission line 312 ' forming an output port connected to the antenna unit 20. A first end of the third transmission line 313 ' is connected to a first end of the seventh transmission line 317 ', and a second end of the third transmission line 313 ' forms a first connection port connected to a second end of the first decoupling transmission line 33. A first end of the fourth transmission line 314 ' is connected to a second end of the seventh transmission line 317 ', and a second end of the fourth transmission line 314 ' forms a second connection port connected to a second end of the second decoupling transmission line 34. Feed 40 and feed 40' may be the same feed.

The third 313 'and fourth 314' transmission lines can be designed to have a short length, for example, the length of the third 313 'and fourth 314' transmission lines can only be connected to the first 33 and second 34 decoupling transmission lines, and no longer have a redundant length. This can reduce the influence on the length design of the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34.

The characteristic impedance of fifth transmission line 315 'and seventh transmission line 317' may be designed to be Z₁The characteristic impedance of the sixth transmission line 316 'and the eighth transmission line 318' can be designed to be Z₂. In addition, the lengths of the fifth transmission line 315 ', the sixth transmission line 316', the seventh transmission line 317 ', and the eighth transmission line 318' may be set to (1/4) λ.

As further shown in connection with fig. 3, a first decoupling transmission line 33 and a second decoupling transmission line 34 are both connected between the first decoupling network 31 and the second decoupling network 31'. In particular, a first end of the first decoupling transmission line 33 is connected to a first connection port of the first decoupling network 31, i.e. to a second end of the third transmission line 313; the second end of the first decoupling transmission line 33 is connected to the first connection port of the second decoupling network 31 ', i.e. to the second end of the third transmission line 313'. Similarly, a first end of the second decoupling transmission line 34 is connected to a second connection port of the first decoupling network 31, i.e. to a second end of the fourth transmission line 314; a second end of the second decoupling transmission line 34 is connected to a second connection port of the second decoupling network 31 ', i.e. to a second end of the fourth transmission line 314'.

In fig. 3 to 5, the characteristic impedance of the first transmission line 311, the second transmission line 312, the third transmission line 313, the fourth transmission line 314, the first transmission line 311 ', the second transmission line 312', the third transmission line 313 ', the fourth transmission line 314', the first decoupling transmission line 33, and the second decoupling transmission line 34 may be designed to be Z₀. In addition, the length of the first decoupling transmission line 33 can be set to d₃The length of the second decoupled transmission line 34 can be set to d₄。

It is pointed out here that the terms "first", "second" and "third" in the present application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature.

It is readily apparent that when the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' adopt the same structure, their S parameters are also the same. Thus, the relation between the transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network 31 from the input port to the output port and the first length of the first decoupling transmission line 33, the second length of the second decoupling transmission line 34 and the S-parameter of the first decoupling network 31 can be obtained in the following manner.

Referring to fig. 2, the matrix S of S-parameters when the first decoupling network 31 is a directional coupler₀Comprises the following steps:

wherein S is₁₂、S₁₃、S₃₁Are three of the S-parameters of the directional coupler, and in particular, the three S-parameters are all mutual coupling coefficients, which may be referred to as coupling coefficients.

Let the mutual coupling coefficient S₁₃D, and D is the degree of coupling of the directional coupler, the characteristic impedance Z of the directional coupler₁And Z₂Comprises the following steps:

wherein the characteristic impedance Z of the first 311, second 312, third 313, fourth 314, first 33 and second 34 decoupling transmission lines₀Usually predetermined, for example, to 50 Ω. Therefore, the degree of coupling D of the directional coupler is calculated, and then the characteristic impedance of each branch of the directional coupler shown in fig. 2 can be determined according to the equations (2) and (3), that is: characteristic impedance Z of fifth transmission line 315 and seventh transmission line 317₁And the characteristic impedance Z of the sixth transmission line 316 and the eighth transmission line 318₂. Further, the line width of the transmission line corresponding to the characteristic impedance can be calculated to manufacture the directional coupler.

In addition, for the filter shown in fig. 3, since the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' are connected by the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34, the filter can be seen as a new four-port network, the matrix S of S-parameters of which is a new four-port network_Four-portComprises the following steps:

wherein e is a natural constant, j is a symbol representing an imaginary number, k is a wave number, and S in the formula (1)₃₁Is equal to S in the formula (4)₁₃。

As can be seen from equation (4) and fig. 1, the transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network 31 from the input port to the output port is defined by the first length of the first decoupling transmission line 33, the second length of the second decoupling transmission line 34, and the S-parameter of the first decoupling network 31.

In one implementationIn an example, the transmission coefficient is defined as T and the first length of the first decoupled transmission line 33 is defined as d₃Defining a second length d of said second decoupled transmission line 34₄And defining the S parameter of said first decoupling network 31 as S₁₂And S₁₃The following relationship is satisfied between these parameters:

further, when the input port to output port transmission coefficient of the first decoupling network 31 is 0, a transmission zero occurs in the first decoupling network 31, that is:

further mathematical operations can result in:

substituting the amplitude and phase of the S parameter, the numerator is 0 in the above formula (6):

wherein phi is₁₂Is the S parameter S₁₂Phase, | S₁₂I and I S₁₃I represents S parameter S₁₂And S₁₃Of the amplitude of (c).

As a result of analysis, it is found that the following two conditions are satisfied when the molecule in the above formula (6) is 0:

from equation (8), the position where the transmission zero of the four-port network appears is the coupler parameter S₁₂Two of phaseThe curve corresponding to the multiple corresponds to the length d of the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34₃、d₄Corresponding to the intersection of the phases (see fig. 17).

In some embodiments, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line can be made to meet the requirements by configuring the line width of the transmission line. For example, the characteristic impedances Z of the first transmission line 311, the second transmission line 312, the third transmission line 313, the fourth transmission line 314, the first decoupled transmission line 33, and the second decoupled transmission line 34 are obtained in accordance with the above-described relational expressions₀Then, the line widths of these transmission lines may be configured so that their characteristic impedances satisfy the above-described characteristic impedance Z₀. For example, after determining the required thickness of the first transmission line 311, the second transmission line 312, the third transmission line 313, the fourth transmission line 314, the first decoupling transmission line 33 and the second decoupling transmission line 34, the relative dielectric constant of the PCB board, and the thickness of the dielectric layer, the relationship between the characteristic impedance and the line width and the required characteristic impedance Z are determined₀The line widths of the transmission lines can be calculated. Therefore, the line widths of the first transmission line 311, the second transmission line 312, the third transmission line 313, the fourth transmission line 314, the first decoupling transmission line 33, and the second decoupling transmission line 34 are configured according to the calculation result, thereby obtaining the characteristic impedance Z having the above-described characteristic impedance₀A plurality of transmission lines.

Similarly, the line widths of the fifth transmission line 315 and the seventh transmission line 317 may be configured such that they satisfy the above-described required characteristic impedance Z₁. The line widths of the sixth transmission line 316 and the eighth transmission line 318 can be determined according to the relationship between the characteristic impedance and the line width and the required characteristic impedance Z₂To calculate. Therefore, the line widths of the fifth and seventh transmission lines 315, 317 and the sixth and eighth transmission lines 316, 318 are configured according to the calculation result, thereby obtaining the characteristic impedance Z having the above-described characteristic impedance₁And Z₂A plurality of transmission lines.

It will be appreciated that the four-port network described above may also be other forms of directional coupler, such as coupled-wire directional coupler, miniaturized directional coupler, and broadband directional coupler.

In some embodiments, the electronic device of the present application may be a mobile phone 100a as shown in fig. 6, where the mobile phone 100a includes, but is not limited to, the following structures: a housing 41 and a display screen assembly 50 coupled to the housing 41. Wherein, an accommodating space is formed between the housing 41 and the display screen assembly 50. Other electronic components of the mobile phone, such as a main board, a battery, and the antenna device 60, are disposed in the accommodating space.

Specifically, the housing 41 may be made of plastic, glass, ceramic, fiber composite, metal (e.g., stainless steel, aluminum, etc.), or other suitable material. The housing 41 shown in fig. 6 is generally rectangular with rounded corners. Of course, the housing 41 may have other shapes, such as circular, oblong, elliptical, and the like.

The display panel assembly 50 includes a display panel cover 51 and a display module 52. The display module 52 is attached to the inner surface of the display cover 51. The housing 41 is connected to a display cover 51 of the display assembly 50. Wherein, the display screen cover plate 51 may be made of glass; the display module 52 may be an OLED flexible display structure, and may specifically include a substrate, a display Panel (Panel), an auxiliary material layer, and the like, and a polarizing film may be further interposed between the display module 52 and the display Panel cover 51, and a detailed stacked structure of the display module 52 is not limited herein.

The antenna device 60 may be completely housed inside the housing 41, or may be embedded in the housing 41, and a part of the antenna device 60 may be exposed on the outer surface of the housing 41.

The antenna arrangement 60 may comprise a plurality of antenna elements, for example, the antenna die 60 of the first embodiment shown in fig. 7 to 10 is a quaternary linear array, i.e. having four linearly arranged antenna elements 10a, 20a, 10b and 20 b. Specifically, referring to fig. 15, the antenna device 60 includes a first substrate 61, a second substrate 62, a third substrate 63, and a radio frequency chip 64, which are sequentially stacked, and a plurality of antenna units (only two antenna units 10a and 20a are shown in fig. 15) formed on the first substrate 61, a plurality of metal layers 661-668 formed on the first substrate 61 and the third substrate 63 (where the metal layers 665 are ground layers 665), feed lines penetrating the third substrate 63 and the second substrate 62, and a first decoupling network 31 and a second decoupling network 31' formed on the third substrate 63, and a first decoupling transmission line 33 and a second decoupling transmission line 34 connected therebetween. The feeding lines correspond to the antenna units 10a and 20a one to one, and are respectively used for connecting the corresponding antenna units 10a and 20a with the radio frequency chip 64. The first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34 connected therebetween are used to connect the corresponding feed lines of the adjacent antenna units 10a, 20a together, so as to cancel the coupling between the antenna units 10a, 20a to some extent, and may perform a filtering function. The first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34 may both be in the same planar layer, for example disposed within a third substrate 63; in addition, the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 may be arranged in a meander shape to satisfy a length design. The antenna device 60 may also include other signal transmission lines, which may be physically grounded.

The antenna elements 10a, 20a are used for transceiving radio frequency signals. As shown in fig. 15, the two antenna elements 10a, 20a are disposed at a distance from each other. The antenna units 10a, 20a are double-layered patch antennas, and include surface radiation pieces 11a, 21a and inner radiation pieces 12a, 22a that are isolated from each other and correspond to each other one to one.

The first substrate 61 includes a first outer surface 611 and a first inner surface 612 disposed opposite to each other. The surface radiation sheets 11a and 21a are disposed on the first outer surface 611, and the inner radiation sheets 12a and 22a are disposed on the first inner surface 612. The inner radiation sheets 12a and 22a are isolated from the surface radiation sheets 11a and 21a by the first substrate 61, so that the surface radiation sheets 11a and 21a and the inner radiation sheets 12a and 22a are spaced by a certain distance, thereby meeting the performance requirement of the antenna frequency band. The surface radiation pieces 11a and 21a and the inner radiation pieces 12a and 22a are at least partially overlapped in a vertical projection on the first substrate 61.

The first substrate 61 may be made of a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, a thermoplastic resin such as a polyimide resin, an insulating material (e.g., prepreg, ABF (Ajinomoto fabric-up Film), a photo dielectric (PID), etc.) including a reinforcing material such as glass fiber (or glass cloth ) and/or an inorganic filler, and a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin. However, the material of the first substrate 61 is not limited thereto. That is, a glass plate or a ceramic plate may also be used as the material of the first substrate 61. Alternatively, a Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) having a low dielectric loss may also be used as the material of the first substrate 61 to reduce signal loss.

In some embodiments, the first substrate 61 may be a prepreg, and as shown in fig. 15, the first substrate 61 includes three layers of prepregs stacked. In the three prepregs of the first substrate 61, metal layers 662 and 663 are respectively provided between adjacent prepregs. The first substrate 61 is further provided with a metal layer 661 on the first outer surface, wherein the metal layer 661 and the surface radiation pieces 11a and 21a are located on the same layer and are insulated from each other. The first inner surface 612 of the first substrate 61 is provided with a metal layer 664, and the metal layer 664 and the inner radiation sheets 12a and 22a are located at the same layer and insulated from each other. The metal layers 661, 662, 663 and 664 may be made of conductive materials such as metallic copper, aluminum, silver, tin, gold, nickel, lead, titanium or their alloys. In this embodiment, the metal layers 661, 662, 663 and 664 are all copper layers.

The metal layer 661 is provided to reduce a difference between a copper plating ratio of the first outer surface 611 of the first substrate 61 and a copper plating ratio of the surface of the other prepreg of the first substrate 61, and the difference between the copper plating ratios can reduce the generation of bubbles during the manufacturing process of the first substrate 61, thereby improving the manufacturing yield of the first substrate 61. Similarly, the metal layer 664 is also disposed to reduce the difference between the copper spreading rate of the first inner surface 612 of the first substrate 61 and the copper spreading rate of the surfaces of the other prepregs of the first substrate 61, so as to reduce the generation of bubbles during the manufacturing process of the first substrate 61, thereby improving the manufacturing yield of the first substrate 61.

The first substrate 61 is also provided with ground vias 613 through the first inner surface 612 and the first outer surface 611 to connect the different metal layers 661,662, 663 and 664 to each other and further to the ground layer 665. Specifically, the ground via 613 may be completely filled with a conductive material, or the conductive material may be formed into a conductive layer along a wall of the ground via 613. The conductive material may be copper, aluminum, silver, tin, gold, nickel, lead, titanium, or an alloy thereof. The ground via 613 may have a cylindrical shape, an hourglass shape, a conical shape, or the like.

The second substrate 62 includes a first side surface 621 and a second side surface 622, wherein the first side surface 621 is overlapped on the first inner surface 612 of the first substrate 61. The second substrate 62 may be a core layer of a PCB board and is made of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, or the like. The second substrate 62 is provided with a ground via 623 and a feed line via 624 penetrating the first and second side surfaces 621 and 622.

The ground layer 665 is interposed between the second substrate 62 and the third substrate 63. The ground layer 665 is provided with a feed line via 665 a.

The third substrate 63 includes a second outer surface 631 and a second inner surface 632 oppositely disposed. Second inner surface 632 of third substrate 63 is stacked on second side surface 622 of second substrate 62, and ground layer 665 is sandwiched between second side surface 622 and second inner surface 632.

The third substrate 63 may be formed of the same material as the first substrate 61. In some embodiments, the third substrate 63 may be a prepreg, as shown in fig. 15, and the third substrate 63 includes three layers of prepregs. In the three layers of prepregs of the third substrate 63, metal layers 666 and 667 are provided between adjacent prepregs as a feeding network and a control line wiring layer, respectively. A metal layer 668 is disposed on the second outer surface 631 of the third substrate 63, and the metal layer 668 is soldered to the rf chip 64. The metal layers 666, 667, and 668 can be made of conductive material such as copper, aluminum, silver, tin, gold, nickel, lead, titanium, or their alloys. In this embodiment, metal layers 666, 667, and 668 are all copper layers.

The third substrate 63 has a wiring via hole. The routing vias include ground vias 633 to connect the different metal layers 666, 667, and 668 to each other and further to a ground layer 665. The routing vias further include a feeder via 634 through which a feeder passes, a signal via 635 through which a control line passes, and the like. Similar to the ground via 613 on the first substrate 61, the wiring via on the third substrate 63 may be completely filled with a conductive material, or a conductive layer may be formed on the wall of the via. The various wiring vias may be cylindrical, hourglass-shaped, or pyramid-shaped in shape.

A feed line has one end connected to the rf chip 64 and the other end penetrating through the feed line via 634 of the third substrate 63 and coupled to the first decoupling network 31. Another feed line has one end connected to the first decoupling network 31 and the other end connected to the inner radiation pieces 12a, 22a through the feed line via 665a of the ground layer 665 and the feed line via 624 of the second substrate 62 to transmit signals between the antenna elements 10a, 20a and the radio frequency chip 64. In particular, the feeder comprises a first feeder 31a and a second feeder 32a connected by a decoupling network. The first feed line 31a is connected to the rf chip 64, and the second feed line 32a is connected to the inner radiation fins 12a and 22 a. The feed lines are insulated from the metal layers, such as metal layers 666, 667, 668, and the ground layer of this embodiment. Note here that the first feed line 31a in fig. 15 may connect the first transmission line 311 in fig. 3, and the second feed line 32a may connect the second transmission line 312 in fig. 3. .

In addition, other signal transmission lines, such as a control line 68 and a power line 69, are provided on the third substrate 63. As shown in fig. 15, the power supply line 69 is provided on the second outer surface 631 of the third substrate 63 and soldered on the radio chip 64. The control line 68 is disposed between the prepreg of the third substrate 63 close to the rf chip 64 and the prepreg adjacent to the third substrate, and passes through the signal via 635 on the prepreg layer to be connected to the rf chip 64.

The third substrate 63 is furthermore used to carry a first and a second decoupling network 31, 31' and a first and a second decoupling transmission line 33, 34 connected between them. As shown in fig. 15, the first and second decoupling networks 31 and 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 connected therebetween are connected between the feeder lines corresponding to the adjacent antennas 10a, 20 a. The first decoupling network 31 is connected at the connection of the first feeder 31a and the second feeder 32a corresponding to one antenna unit 10 a; in particular, the first transmission line 311 (see fig. 3) of the first decoupling network 31 is connected to the first feeder 31a, and the second transmission line 312 of the first decoupling network 31 is connected to the second feeder 32 a. Similarly, the second decoupling network 31' is connected at the connection of the first feeder 31a and the second feeder 32a corresponding to the adjacent antenna unit 20 a; that is, the first transmission line 311 '(see fig. 5) of the second decoupling network 31' is connected to the first feeder 31a corresponding to the antenna element 20a, and the second transmission line 312 'of the second decoupling network 31' is connected to the second feeder 32a corresponding to the antenna element 20 a.

Since the first and second decoupling networks 31 and 31 ' are provided between two adjacent antenna units of the antenna device and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 are connected between the first and second decoupling networks 31 and 31 ', after a signal emitted from the rf chip 64 passes through the first feed line 31a, a portion thereof is transmitted to the inner-layer radiating patch 12a of the antenna unit through the first and second decoupling networks 31 and 32a, and another portion thereof is transmitted to the second decoupling network 31 ' to reach the adjacent antenna unit 20a through the first and second decoupling transmission lines 31 and 33 and 34, thereby canceling out the coupling between the two antenna units 10a and 20a to a certain extent and performing a filtering function.

As shown in fig. 10, which is a partial schematic view of the antenna arrangement of fig. 9, the arrangement of the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34 connected between them is mainly shown. In this embodiment, the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34 are in different meandering arrangements, wherein the length d of the first decoupling transmission line 33₃Comprising a plurality of bends, i.e. d₃L1 × 2+ L2 × 2+ L3. Length d of second decoupled transmission line 34₄Comprising a plurality of bent sections, i.e. d₄＝L4*2+L5*2+L6。

In addition, as shown in fig. 9 and 10 and fig. 4 and 5, the first decoupling transmission line 33 may be located on the same side of the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 ', that is, on the side of the third transmission line 313 and the third transmission line 313 ' away from the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 '; in other words, the first decoupling transmission line 33 may be located on a side of the sixth transmission line 316 remote from the eighth transmission line 318. The second decoupled transmission line 34 may be located between the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 ', that is, between the seventh transmission line 317 and the seventh transmission line 317'.

In other embodiments, the positions of the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 may be arranged interchangeably. For example, the second decoupled transmission line 34 may be located on the same side of the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 ', that is, on a side of the fourth transmission line 314 and the fourth transmission line 314 ' away from the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 '; in other words, the second decoupling transmission line 34 may be located on a side of the eighth transmission line 318 remote from the sixth transmission line 316. The first decoupled transmission line 33 may be located between the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 ', that is, between the seventh transmission line 317 and the seventh transmission line 317'.

Since the second decoupling network 31 'may be identical to the first decoupling network 31, the arrangement of the transmission lines of the second decoupling network 31' may be identical to the meandering arrangement of the transmission lines in the first decoupling network 31.

In some embodiments, based on the calculated degree of coupling D of the directional coupler, the characteristic impedance of each branch of the directional coupler can be determined, that is: characteristic impedances Z of the first 311, second 312, third 313, fourth 314, first 33 and second 34 decoupling transmission lines₀Characteristic impedances Z of fifth transmission line 315 and seventh transmission line 317₁And the characteristic impedance Z of the sixth transmission line 316 and the eighth transmission line 318₂See, in particular, the foregoing equations (2) and (3). Further, the line width of the transmission line corresponding to the characteristic impedance can be calculated, so that the directional coupler can be manufactured.

As described in the above embodiments of the antenna array, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line can be made satisfactory by configuring the line width of the transmission line. For example, the line widths of the first transmission line 311, the second transmission line 312, the third transmission line 313, the fourth transmission line 314, the first decoupling transmission line 33, and the second decoupling transmission line 34 are configured such that their characteristic impedances satisfy the above-described characteristic impedance Z₀. Fifth transmission line 315 and seventh transmission line317 are arranged so that their characteristic impedances satisfy the characteristic impedance Z₁. The line widths of the sixth transmission line 316 and the eighth transmission line 318 are arranged so that their characteristic impedances satisfy the above-described characteristic impedance Z₂。

Thus, the first and second decoupling networks 31 and 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 connected therebetween can be formed on the layer on which the metal layer 666 is formed in a length satisfying the above-described desired length. It is understood that when the linear distance between the feeding lines corresponding to the adjacent antenna units 10a and 20a is small, the first decoupling transmission line 33 and the second decoupling transmission line 34 may form a zigzag pattern to meet the requirement of length (as shown in fig. 9 and 10). In other embodiments, the first decoupled transmission line 33 may also be in a curved pattern, as long as the length requirement is met.

The first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34 connected between them are located at different layers from the surface and inner radiating patches 11a, 21a, 12a, 22 a. As shown in fig. 15, the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34 connected therebetween are disposed below the antenna elements 10a, 20a, for example, in a third substrate 63. The first and second decoupling networks 31 and 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 connected therebetween shown in fig. 15 are located at the same layer as the metal layer 666, i.e., between the prepreg of the third substrate 63 closest to the ground layer 665 and its adjacent prepreg. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33, 34 connected between them may also be layered with the metal layers 667 or 668.

The above description has been made with respect to the two antenna elements 10a and 20a, the first and second decoupling networks 31 and 31', and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34. However, it is easily understood that, as shown in fig. 9, the filters of the present application may also be provided for the antenna elements 20a and 10b and the antenna elements 10b and 20b as well. For example, a third and a fourth decoupling network 35, 35 'and a third and a fourth decoupling transmission line 33', 34 'connected between the third and the fourth decoupling network 35, 35' may be provided for the antenna units 20a and 10 b; the third decoupling network 35 may be identical or similar to the first decoupling network 31 described above, and the fourth decoupling network 35 'may be identical or similar to the second decoupling network 31' described above; the third decoupling transmission line 33 'may be the same as or similar to the first decoupling transmission line 33 described above, and the fourth decoupling transmission line 34' may be the same as or similar to the second decoupling transmission line 34 described above. In addition, the second and third decoupling networks 31 ', 35 may share part of the transmission lines, for example the first, second and fifth transmission lines 311 ', 312 ', 315 ' of the second decoupling network 31 ' (see fig. 5).

When more than three antenna elements are used as shown in fig. 9, these decoupling networks and decoupling transmission lines may also be distributed in different layers. For example, the first and second decoupling networks 31 and 31 ' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 connected therebetween may be distributed at the layer where the metal layer 666 shown in fig. 15 is located, and the third and fourth decoupling networks 35 and 35 ' and the third and fourth decoupling transmission lines 33 ' and 34 ' connected between the third and fourth decoupling networks 35 and 35 ' may be distributed at the layer where the metal layer 667 shown in fig. 15 is located.

Referring to fig. 11, there is shown a bottom view of an antenna device 60 according to a second embodiment of the present application. The antenna device 60 in this embodiment is substantially the same as the antenna device 60 in the embodiment shown in fig. 7 to 10, except that: the decoupling network in the antenna device 60 of this second embodiment includes open stubs 319. For example, at least one of the first and second decoupling networks 31, 31' includes an open stub 319. It is noted that "open branch 319" described herein is distinguished from the aforementioned "directional coupler branches" (e.g., branches of first transmission line 311, second transmission line 312, third transmission line 313, fourth transmission line 314, fifth transmission line 315, sixth transmission line 316, seventh transmission line 317, eighth transmission line 318, first decoupled transmission line 33, and second decoupled transmission line 34) by: the open-circuit branch is a branch with a free end, and the free end is not connected with other transmission lines in practical application, so that current/signals are not transmitted; in practical application, two ends of each branch of the directional coupler are connected with other transmission lines to transmit current/signals.

Referring to fig. 12, in one embodiment, at least one of the fifth transmission line 315, the sixth transmission line 316, the seventh transmission line 317, and the eighth transmission line 318 of the first decoupling network 31 has two open-circuited branches 319 connected thereto. For example, two open-circuit stubs 319 may be connected on the sixth transmission line 316. Further, two open-circuit branches 319 may also be connected to the eighth transmission line 318 opposite the sixth transmission line 316.

In one embodiment, two open-circuit branches 319 are connected to the fifth transmission line 315 of the first decoupling network 31. Further, two open-circuited stub 319 may be connected to a seventh transmission line 317 opposite the fifth transmission line 315.

Referring to fig. 13, a schematic diagram of a straight transmission line equivalent to a pi-type transmission line is shown. In this equivalent method, there is a characteristic impedance Z₀And a phase shift theta₀Is equivalent to have a characteristic impedance Z_aAnd a phase shift theta_aAnd two transmission lines 71 having a characteristic impedance Z_bAnd a phase shift theta_bAnd the two transmission lines 72 are connected to both sides of the transmission line 71. The characteristic impedance Z₀Usually predetermined, for example, set to 50 Ω; phase shift theta₀，θ_a，θ_bIt may be preset.

Wherein, the transmission matrix of the linear transmission line 70 can be represented as:

after the above equivalence, the equivalent matrix of the transmission matrix of the linear transmission line 70 can be expressed as:

further, after the parameter relationship is established by the transmission matrix and the equivalent matrix, the following results can be obtained:

thus, as can be seen from equations (11) and (12), given the characteristic impedance Z of the linear transmission line 70₀And a phase shift theta_a，θ_bThat is, the characteristic impedance Z of the transmission line 71 and the transmission line 72 in the pi-type transmission line can be obtained_a，Z_b. Further, the line width of the transmission line corresponding to the characteristic impedance can be calculated to fabricate the first decoupling network 31.

By this equivalent method, the length of the transmission line 71 in the pi-type transmission line can be smaller than that of the linear type transmission line 70, thereby reducing the design size. Referring in particular to fig. 12, in this embodiment the first decoupling transmission line 33 and the second decoupling transmission line 34 are in different meandering arrangements, wherein the length d of the first decoupling transmission line 33₃Comprising a plurality of bends, i.e. d₃L1 × 2+ L2 × 2+ L3+ L4 × 2. Length d of second decoupled transmission line 34₄Comprising a plurality of bends, i.e. d₄＝L5*2+L6*2+L7。

In addition, as shown in fig. 11 and 12 and fig. 4 and 5, the position arrangement of the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 in the antenna device 60 of the second embodiment may be similar to the antenna device 60 of the embodiments illustrated in fig. 7 to 10.

Specifically, in the antenna device 60 of the second embodiment, the first decoupling transmission line 33 may be located on the same side of the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 ', that is, on the side of the third transmission line 313 and the third transmission line 313 ' away from the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 '; in other words, the first decoupling transmission line 33 may be located on a side of the sixth transmission line 316 remote from the eighth transmission line 318. The second decoupled transmission line 34 may be located between the directional coupler body 310 and the directional coupler body 310 ', that is, between the seventh transmission line 317 and the seventh transmission line 317'. Alternatively, the positions of the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 may be arranged interchangeably.

Since the second decoupling network 31 'in the antenna device 60 of the second embodiment may be the same as the first decoupling network 31, the arrangement of the transmission lines of the second decoupling network 31' may be the same as the meandering arrangement of the transmission lines in the first decoupling network 31.

In contrast to the antenna device 60 of the first embodiment shown in fig. 10, in the antenna device 60 of the second embodiment shown in fig. 12, by loading the open branches in the decoupling network, the lengths of the fifth transmission line 315 and the seventh transmission line 317 and the sixth transmission line 316 and the eighth transmission line 318 of the first decoupling network 31 in the antenna device 60 of the second embodiment can be reduced, so that the area of the square surrounded by the fifth transmission line 315 and the seventh transmission line 317 and the sixth transmission line 316 and the eighth transmission line 318 of the first decoupling network 31 in the antenna device 60 of the second embodiment can be reduced, which can reduce the size of the entire filter, thereby being suitable for miniaturization of the filter and the antenna device.

Referring again to fig. 12, in one embodiment, the fifth transmission line 315, the sixth transmission line 316, the seventh transmission line 317, and the eighth transmission line 318 of the first decoupling network 31 are connected in a square. Each corner of the square is connected to an open stub 319.

In one embodiment, the open branch 319 may include a connection line 3191 and a square block 3192 connected at the end of the connection line 3191. In other embodiments, the shape, position, and size of the open branches 319 may be different, and may be specifically set according to the characteristics of the network actually used.

In one embodiment, the open stub 319 can be located inside the first decoupling network 31. Alternatively, the open stub 319 can also be located outside the first decoupling network 31, depending on the spatial situation. In addition, when the first decoupling network 31 has a plurality of open branches 319, one of the open branches 319 may be located outside the first decoupling network 31, and another part of the open branches 319 may be located inside the first decoupling network 31.

In an embodiment, the other decoupling networks in the antenna arrangement 60 of the second embodiment may have the same structure as the first decoupling network 31. That is, the open stub 319 may be provided in another decoupling network of the antenna device 60 according to the second embodiment.

Referring to fig. 14, there is shown a bottom view of an antenna device 60 according to a third embodiment of the present application. The antenna device 60 in this embodiment is substantially the same as the antenna device 60 of the embodiment shown in fig. 11 and 12, except that: the open stub 319 in the antenna device 60 of the third embodiment is a linear type having a uniform width; furthermore, the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 are located on opposite sides of the directional coupler body 310 and 310' (see fig. 4 and 5), respectively, i.e., the first decoupling transmission line 33 may be located on a side of the sixth transmission line 316 remote from the eighth transmission line 318, and the second decoupling transmission line 34 may be located on a side of the eighth transmission line 318 remote from the sixth transmission line 316.

In addition, in the antenna device 60 of the third embodiment, no decoupling network may be provided between the antenna units 20a and 10 b. Instead, a third and a fourth decoupling network 35, 35 'and a third and a fourth decoupling transmission line 33a, 34a connected between the third and the fourth decoupling network 35, 35' are arranged between the antenna elements 20b, 10 b; the third decoupling network 35 may be identical or similar to the first decoupling network 31 described above, and the fourth decoupling network 35 'may be identical or similar to the second decoupling network 31' described above; the third decoupling transmission line 33a may be the same as or similar to the first decoupling transmission line 33 described above and the fourth decoupling transmission line 34a may be the same as or similar to the second decoupling transmission line 34 described above.

Note that the miniaturized filter shown in fig. 11 and 14 can be applied to the antenna device 60 shown in fig. 15 as well.

Referring to fig. 16, there is shown a schematic diagram of an antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present application. In the antenna device 60 of this embodiment, for example, the top end portion of the middle frame 42 of the mobile phone may be divided into two sections by the slit 44, and the two sections may be used as the first antenna 10a and the second antenna 20a, respectively. A circuit board 43 may be provided in the middle frame 42, and the first and second decoupling networks 31 and 31' and the first and second decoupling transmission lines 33 and 34 (see fig. 3) described above in the present application may be disposed on the circuit board 43. The feed 40 and feed 40' may be connected to the circuit board 43, which circuit board 43 is in turn connected to the first antenna 10a and the second antenna 20 a. The slot 44 may be generally non-centrally located, such as near the left or right side of the center frame 42.

Fig. 18 is a simulation result of transmission characteristics of a four-port network in the antenna apparatus according to the above embodiment of the present application, and it can be seen that the position of the transmission zero is substantially consistent with the theoretical calculation result in fig. 17, which verifies the accuracy of the estimation of the transmission zero position by the present application. Therefore, the method and the device can be used for accurately designing the multi-passband filter and the coupling custom network.

As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the center operating frequency of the proposed filter is about 30 GHz. According to the 3GPP TS 38.101 protocol, frequencies between 24.25GHz and 52.6GHz are commonly referred to as millimeter waves (mm Wave); therefore, the filter proposed by the present application may be a millimeter wave multi-passband filter.

To sum up, this application uses first decoupling transmission line and second decoupling transmission line to connect first four port network and the four port network of second, and then the accessible design the first length of first decoupling transmission line, the second length of second decoupling transmission line and the S parameter of four port network limit the transmission coefficient from input port to output port of four port network realizes the tunability of the transmission coefficient of four port network in the wave filter. In particular, the transmission coefficient can be designed to be 0, so that a plurality of transmission zeros can appear in the four-port network of the present application, and then the multiband filtering of the filter can be realized.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application, or which are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.