阅读说明：本技术 一种尾矿库内的取砂方法 (Sand fetching method in tailing pond ) 是由 牌洪坤 亓传铎 牌珏嘉 杨威 牌康龙 刘凯 王海青 金呈浩 张营 于 2021-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种尾矿库内的取砂方法,属于尾矿库回采的技术领域。本发明对山谷型尾矿库的山体下部进行钻孔安装管路,利用管路的向下坡度,从尾矿库的底部进行取砂作业。相比于现有的尾矿库回采技术,本发明更加环保,整个回采过程不需机械设备参与,避免了铲、装、运等环节的产生的扬尘,杜绝了环保风险。相较传统的回采方法,本发明投资小、成本低,利用自流坡度使尾砂自流至加工车间,使整个过程更加高效。(The invention relates to a sand taking method in a tailing pond, belonging to the technical field of tailing pond recovery. According to the invention, the pipeline is installed by drilling the lower part of the mountain body of the valley type tailing pond, and the sand taking operation is carried out from the bottom of the tailing pond by utilizing the downward slope of the pipeline. Compared with the existing tailing pond extraction technology, the method is more environment-friendly, mechanical equipment is not needed in the whole extraction process, dust generated in links of shoveling, loading, transporting and the like is avoided, and the environmental protection risk is avoided. Compared with the traditional stoping method, the method has the advantages of small investment and low cost, and the tailings automatically flow to a processing workshop by utilizing the automatic flow gradient, so that the whole process is more efficient.)

1. A sand extraction method in a tailing pond is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

(1) selecting a closed or in-use valley type tailing pond as a tailing extraction tailing pond;

(2) constructing a square guide groove at a safe and convenient-to-transport position on one side of a mountain of a tailing pond;

(3) drilling holes in the guide groove into the tailing pond until the holes penetrate through a mountain body, wherein the drilled holes are upward along the horizontal direction;

(4) after drilling is finished, a pipeline with a slightly small diameter is put into the drilled hole, so that the drilled hole is prevented from collapsing and blocking; the tail end of the pipeline extends out of the mountain body by 200 mm;

(5) and installing a water supply pipe, inserting the water pipe into the tailing pond along the drilled hole, starting the high-pressure water pipe at the bottom pipe orifice of the tailing pond to make slurry in a small range, enabling the tailings to enter the pipeline from the tail end of the pipeline and flow to a tailings storage device, and finishing sand taking in the pond.

2. The sand extracting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the guide groove has a width of 1m, a height of 1m and a depth of 3 m.

3. A method for taking out sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step (3), the upward gradient is controlled to be 5%.

4. A sand extraction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), the end position of the pipeline is in accordance with the elevation of the reservoir bottom.

5. The sand extracting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the step (4) is completed, the pipe is anchored to the mountain by steel wires, round steel bars 150mm long are welded to the outside diameter of the pipe, and the guide grooves are poured by concrete to fix the pipe firmly.

6. The sand sampling method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pipeline is provided with two valves, a protection valve is arranged on one side close to the mountain body, and a sand sampling valve is arranged on the side far away from the mountain body.

7. A method for taking out sand as claimed in claim 6, wherein a chute is provided between said sand taking valve and said tailings storage means.

8. A method for extracting sand from a body of sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein a vertical port is provided vertically adjacent the end of the pipe.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tailing pond recovery, and particularly relates to a sand extraction method in a tailing pond.

Background

With the continuous development and utilization of mineral resources, the stock of tailings in China is huge. Recent data in a national mineral resource saving and comprehensive utilization report (2019) shows that, by the end of 2018, the emission of gold tailings in China is about 2.16 hundred million tons, which accounts for 17.84% of the total production of the national tailings, the utilization rate of the national gold tailings in 2018 is 36.9%, and the tailings stockpiling brings about a plurality of problems of resources, environment, safety, land and the like, so that the comprehensive utilization of the tailings is carried out, and the requirements of fully utilizing mineral resources and protecting ecological environment are met. Particularly, at present, resources are increasingly tense, land is gradually reduced, and environmental problems are increasingly prominent, a large amount of stockpiles of tailings can be effectively reduced only through comprehensive utilization of the tailings, and the method is one of important ways for saving resources, improving environment and building green mines.

The traditional tailing pond extraction method adopts dry extraction, adopts an excavator or a bulldozer to extract the tailings in the dry beach area layer by layer from top to bottom in different areas, and unloads the tailing stacking area by a truck. The dry-method extraction requires mechanical equipment, and dust can be generated in the links of shoveling, loading, transporting and the like. And due to the instability of the tailing pond, safety accidents such as collapse and the like are easy to happen in the process of stoping.

Under the background, the invention provides a new method for the recovery of the tailings in the tailing pond, so that the recovery of the tailing pond is more efficient, low in consumption, safe and environment-friendly.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a sand extraction method in a tailing pond, aiming at the problems of high cost, low efficiency and the like in dry-method extraction, and aims to solve the problems.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a sand extraction method in a tailing pond comprises the following specific steps:

(1) and selecting the closed or in-use valley type tailing pond as a tailing extraction tailing pond.

(2) A square guide groove is constructed at a safe and convenient-to-transport position on one side of a mountain of the tailing pond.

(3) And drilling holes in the guide groove into the tailing pond until the holes penetrate through the mountain, wherein the drilled holes are upward along the horizontal direction.

(4) After drilling is finished, a pipeline with a slightly small diameter is put into the drilled hole, so that the drilled hole is prevented from collapsing and blocking; the tail end of the pipeline extends out of the mountain body by 200 mm.

(5) And installing a water supply pipe, inserting the water pipe into the tailing pond along the drilled hole, starting the high-pressure water pipe at the bottom pipe orifice of the tailing pond to make slurry in a small range, enabling the tailings to enter the pipeline from the tail end of the pipeline, and flowing to a tailings storage device under the action of gravity to finish sand taking in the pond.

Preferably, in the step (4), the end position of the pipeline is consistent with the elevation of the reservoir bottom.

Preferably, in the step (2), the size of the guide groove is 1 meter wide, 1 meter high and 3 meters deep.

Preferably, in the step (3), the upward gradient is controlled to be 5%.

Preferably, after the step (4) is completed, the pipeline is anchored on a mountain body by using a steel wire, round steel with the length of 150mm is welded on the outer diameter of the pipeline in the radial direction, and the guide groove is poured by using concrete to fix the pipeline firmly.

Preferably, the pipeline is provided with two valves, one side close to the mountain is provided with a protection valve, and the other side far away from the mountain is provided with a sand taking valve; the protection valve is in an opening state to be closed when the sand taking valve fails, so that risks are prevented; the pipeline extends to the tail sand storage device at the far end.

Preferably, the vertical hole channel is vertically arranged at the tail end position close to the pipeline, and when the pipeline fails and cannot control the tailings, the vertical hole channel is directly filled with sand and stone for plugging, so that a safe and environment-friendly defense line is provided.

Preferably, a chute is arranged between the tailing storage device and the sand taking valve.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention is suitable for tailing mining of valley type closed reservoir tailings reservoirs, depends on mountain bodies and less manual operation, and is safer.

(2) The invention is more environment-friendly, and the whole extraction process does not need mechanical equipment, thereby avoiding the dust generated in the links of shoveling, loading, transporting and the like and avoiding the environmental protection risk.

(3) Compared with the traditional stoping method, the method has the advantages of small investment and low cost, and the tailings automatically flow to a processing workshop by utilizing the automatic flow gradient, so that the whole process is more efficient.

(4) The invention achieves the purpose of intrinsic safety in the using process and has very wide application prospect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a tailings pond.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of sand extraction from a tailings pond.

In the figure, 1-mountain, 2-tailing pond, 3-guide way, 4-drilling, 5-pipeline, 6-protective valve, 7-sand taking valve, 8-tailing storage device, 9-vertical pore channel and 10-dam body.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A sand extraction method in a tailing pond comprises the following specific steps:

(1) a certain tailing pond is selected, and the south, the north and the east are leaned against the mountain to form a dustpan shape with an opening facing the west, which belongs to a valley type tailing pond, and the overall terrain is high in the east and low in the west. The initial dam is designed to be a waste rock earth dam, the top elevation of the dam is 160m, the bottom elevation of the dam is 151m, and the height of the dam is 9 m. The width of the dam crest is 4m, and the length of the dam crest is 126.86 m. The ratio of the slope in the dam body is 1:1.75, the ratio of the slope of the outer slope is 1:2.0 above the elevation of 155m, and the ratio of the slope of the outer slope is 1:1.75 below the elevation of 155 m. And the later-stage accumulation dam is constructed by grinding coarse tailings, the accumulation elevation is designed to be 175m, and the total accumulation height is 15 m. The height of each stacking sub dam is 2m, and the top width is 4 m. The outer slope of the sub-dam is 1:3.0, and the average total slope ratio of the accumulation dam is 1: 4.0. The total dam height is 24m, and the total storage capacity is 97.44 ten thousand meters³Five pools.

(2) A square guide groove 3 is constructed at a safe and convenient-to-transport position on one side of a mountain 1 of the tailing pond, and the guide groove 3 is one meter wide, one meter high and three meters deep.

(3) And drilling a hole into the tailing pond 2 in the guide groove 3 until the hole penetrates through the mountain 1, and controlling the slope of the drilled hole 4 to be 5% upwards along the horizontal direction.

(4) After the drilling is finished, a pipeline 5 with a slightly smaller diameter is arranged in the drilling hole 4, so that the drilling hole 4 is prevented from collapsing and blocking; the tail end of the pipeline 5 extends 200mm out of the mountain. The pipeline 5 is anchored on the mountain body 1 by steel wires, and the guide groove 3 is poured by concrete to fix the pipeline 5 firmly; the pipeline 5 is provided with a protection valve 6 and a sand taking valve 7. While a vertical tunnel 9 is provided vertically upwards near the end of the pipe 5.

(5) Installing a water supply pipe, inserting the water pipe into the tailing pond 2 along the drilled hole, opening the high-pressure water pipe to make slurry in a small range at the bottom pipe orifice of the tailing pond 2, enabling the tailing to enter the pipeline 5 from the tail end of the pipeline 5, flowing to the tailing storage device 8 under the action of gravity, and finishing sand taking in the pond.

The investment using the method of example 1 is as follows: the method comprises the early investment and the manual sand discharging cost, wherein the drilling investment is 300 ten thousand yuan according to the drilling cost of 2000 yuan/m and the total length of 1500m, the pipeline and installation cost is 50 ten thousand yuan, the manual sand discharging cost is 20 ten thousand yuan at the later stage, and the total cost is 370 ten thousand yuan.

Comparative example

Carrying out traditional dry-method stoping on the tailings pond selected in the embodiment 1, wherein the pond is firstly carried out, and then the dam is carried out, and the layered stoping is carried out: firstly, the tailings are dug from one side in a warehouse by a hook machine, the digging depth is generally not more than 3 m, and the tailings are loaded to a truck and transported to a tailing processing place by the truck. The cost of the tailings of the method is about 20 yuan/ton (within 30km of transport distance), and the total cost of the tailings pond after the tailings are completely mined is about 97.44 multiplied by 1.4 multiplied by 20 which is 2728 ten thousand yuan.

Therefore, compared with the traditional tailing extraction method, the tailing pond extraction method can save 2358 ten thousand yuan, reduce the cost by 86 percent and has obvious effect of reducing the cost; meanwhile, in the tailing recovery process, mechanical equipment is not used, operating personnel are reduced, and the purposes of reducing risks and being intrinsically safe are achieved. Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the drawings in connection with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.