阅读说明：本技术 一种生态治理侵蚀沟的填埋秸秆/谷坊复合式结构及其建造方法 (Ecological erosion gully treatment buried straw/check dam composite structure and construction method thereof ) 是由 杨庆楠 崔润利 高士军 徐金忠 孙雪文 张健 王鹏 魏琳 李志飞 吴昱 严尔梅 于 2021-09-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种生态治理侵蚀沟的填埋秸秆/谷坊复合式结构及其建造方法,涉及一种治理侵蚀沟的复合式结构及其建造方法。本发明是要解决现有利用秸秆填埋整条侵蚀沟的治理方法仅适用于沟深小于2米、汇水面积小、下游排水通畅的侵蚀沟,适用范围有限的技术问题。本发明在生态袋谷坊的上游填埋秸秆,可以直接将侵蚀基准面提高2m左右,还可以保护生态袋谷坊不被冲散；本发明在填埋秸秆后,再按照1:1.5的坡比削坡,每侧在垂直水流方向可减少约3m占地；本发明施工期相对自由；由于秸秆具有很好的保水性能,灌木柳的成活率和长势高于实土；本发明利用砼杆拦挡和锚固,加大了生态袋谷坊和填沟秸秆捆的稳定性。(A composite structure of buried straw/check dam for ecologically treating erosion gully and a construction method thereof relate to a composite structure for treating erosion gully and a construction method thereof. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing treatment method for burying the whole erosion gully by using straws is only suitable for the erosion gully with the gully depth of less than 2 meters, small catchment area, smooth downstream drainage and limited application range. According to the invention, the straws are buried at the upstream of the ecological bag check dam, so that the erosion datum plane can be directly increased by about 2m, and the ecological bag check dam can be protected from being scattered; after the straw is buried, the slope is cut according to the slope ratio of 1:1.5, and the land occupation of each side in the direction vertical to the water flow can be reduced by about 3 m; the construction period of the invention is relatively free; because the straws have good water retention performance, the survival rate and the growth vigor of the shrub willows are higher than those of solid soil; the invention uses the concrete poles to block and anchor, which increases the stability of the ecological bag check dam and the ditch filling straw bundle.)

1. A composite structure of buried straw/check dam for ecological management erosion gully is characterized in that the composite structure of buried straw/check dam for ecological management erosion gully is composed of ecological bag check dam (1), straw bundle (3), anchoring concrete column (6), retaining concrete column (7), soil (11), wicker and vegetation;

the ecological bag check dam (1) is arranged in the original ditch bottom (5), the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam (1) is of a vertical structure, the slope ratio of the back surface is 1:0.8, and the center of the upper end of the ecological bag check dam (1) is provided with an overflow port (1-1); the ecological bag check dam is characterized in that a plurality of rows of straw bundles (3) are vertically arranged at the upstream of the ecological bag check dam (1), each straw bundle (3) is of a cylindrical structure, the straw bundles (3) are closely adjacent to each other and are closely adjacent to the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam (1), the straw bundles (3) are all arranged on a horizontal first ditch bottom (9), and ditch slopes (8) on two sides of the straw bundles (3) are of vertical structures; a stilling pool (4) is arranged at the downstream of the ecological bag check dam (1), a stilling ridge (2) is arranged at the downstream of the stilling pool (4), the stilling pool (4) and the stilling ridge (2) are both arranged on a second horizontal groove bottom (10), the upper surface of the stilling ridge (2) is of a horizontal structure, and soil (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the straw bundle (3); the second trench bottom (10) is higher than the first trench bottom (9); the backwater surface of the absorption sill (2) is closely adjacent to the downstream straw bundle (3); a plurality of wickers are uniformly arranged on the soil (11);

two anchoring concrete columns (6) are vertically and uniformly arranged on the back water side of the ecological bag check dam (1), and the bottoms of the anchoring concrete columns (6) are inserted into the original ditch bottom (5); a blocking concrete column (7) is horizontally arranged between the backwater side of the ecological bag check dam (1) and the two anchoring concrete columns (6), and two ends of the blocking concrete column (7) are respectively arranged in the slope surfaces (8) at two sides; the slope ratio of the slope surfaces (8) on the two sides is 1:1.5, ecological bag revetments are arranged on the slope surfaces (8) on the two sides, and vegetation is arranged on the slope surfaces above the ecological bag revetments on the slope surfaces (8) on the two sides.

2. The buried straw/check dam composite structure for ecologically treating erosion gullies according to claim 1, wherein the absorption sill (2) and the absorption basin (4) are both composed of ecological bags.

3. The buried straw/check dam composite structure for ecological management erosion gully as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anchoring concrete column (6) and the retaining concrete column (7) are made of concrete.

4. The method for building the composite structure of the buried straw/check dam of the ecological management erosion gully as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for building the composite structure of the buried straw/check dam of the ecological management erosion gully comprises the following steps:

firstly, channel shaping: pre-designing the positions where the check dam is to be placed, vertically and downwards excavating and shaping two side slopes to the bottom of the ditch by utilizing an excavator at the upstream of each check dam and 1.4-1.5 m above the bottom of the ditch, wherein the slope of the two side slopes after excavation is 90 degrees, and the slope of the two side slopes above the excavation position is kept unchanged; then, digging the ditch bottom between two adjacent check dam downwards to form a structure of two layers of steps, wherein each layer of step is a plane;

secondly, filling straws: vertically and tightly placing a plurality of cylindrical straw bundles with the diameter and height of 1.4-1.5 m at the upstream of each check dam and on the plane ditch bottom dug in the step I, wherein the plane ditch bottom is the lower plane ditch bottom in the step structure;

thirdly, constructing an ecological bag check dam: placing an ecological bag check dam at a pre-designed position, wherein the length of the top of the ecological bag check dam along the water flow direction is 0.8-1 m, the height of the ecological bag check dam is 2-2.1 m, the back water slope ratio of the ecological bag check dam is 1:0.8, the upstream surface is vertically arranged, and the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam is tightly connected with the straws arranged in the second step; the depth of the top of the ecological bag check dam entering the groove slope surfaces at the two sides is 2 m-2.5 m; an overflow port is arranged at the center of the top of the ecological bag check dam; a stilling pool and a stilling ridge are sequentially arranged at the downstream of each ecological bag check dam, the length of the stilling pool in the direction parallel to the water flow is 2-3 m, the height of the stilling ridge is 0.5-0.6 m, and the length of the stilling ridge in the direction parallel to the water flow is 0.5-0.6 m; the two sides of the downstream of each ecological bag check dam are revetments, and the vertical height is 2 m-2.5 m; the force-absorbing ridge is arranged on the plane groove bottom dug in the step I, the plane groove bottom is the higher plane groove bottom in the step structure, and the force-absorbing ridge is closely adjacent to the downstream straw bundle; the stilling ridge and the stilling pool are both composed of ecological bags;

fourthly, blocking and anchoring by concrete columns: horizontally arranging 1 blocking concrete column with the diameter of 0.25m at a position 1m below the lowest position of the backwater side of the overflow port, wherein the length direction of the blocking concrete column is vertical to the water flow direction, and two sides of the blocking concrete column are respectively inserted into slope surfaces at two sides; two anchoring concrete columns with the diameter of 0.25m are arranged on one side, far away from the check concrete house, of each blocking concrete column, the two anchoring concrete columns are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the anchoring concrete columns are inserted into soil at the bottom of the ditch by the depth of 1m, and the height of each anchoring concrete column is 4-5 m; the anchoring concrete column and the blocking concrete column are bound by an iron wire; the anchoring concrete column 6 and the blocking concrete column 7 are both made of concrete;

fifthly, covering soil: covering soil with the thickness of 0.3-0.5 m on the straw bundles filled in the step two, and using machinery to level and cover the soil, wherein the soil comes from earthwork left after shaping in the step one; the upper edge of the absorption ridge is flush with the soil on the downstream straw bundle;

sixthly, slope cutting and leveling: taking the straw landfill soil covered in the step five as an erosion reference surface, cutting slopes on two slope surfaces above the erosion reference surface according to a slope ratio of 1:1.5, covering soil again and flattening the surface of the straw bundle;

seventhly, inserting willow: willow is inserted on the straw soil; if the construction is carried out in spring, willows are planted on the soil covering in spring in the same year; if the construction is carried out in other three seasons, willows are planted on the soil covering in the spring of the next year;

eighthly, recovering vegetation on the side slope: and (4) carrying out vegetation restoration on the slope surfaces on two sides of the trench according to the local dominant grass seeds and shrub tree seeds.

5. The construction method of the buried straw/check dam composite structure for ecological management erosion gully as claimed in claim 4, wherein the vertical height of the slope protection at the two downstream sides of each ecological bag check dam in the third step is 2 m.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a composite structure for treating erosion gully and a construction method thereof.

Background

Water and soil loss in the northeast black soil area is a long-term soil problem and is an important factor for restricting black soil protection. The channel erosion is the most serious expression form of water and soil loss and is one of the main water and soil loss types in the northeast black soil area. The channel erosion speed is extremely high, the channel head is eroded by tracing the source, the length of the channel is continuously extended, the bottom of the channel is cut downwards, and the depth and the width of the channel are rapidly developed along with collapse of a channel bank. The channel erosion not only generates silt and deposits downstream reservoirs and rivers to continuously phagocytize cultivated lands, reduce the land utilization rate and limit agricultural mechanized production, but also threatens the safety of villages, roads and the like.

At present, the erosion gully treatment mainly adopts gully head protection engineering, different material types such as grouted stones, gabions, wicker and the like, and combines forest and grass measures to achieve the treatment effects of consolidating and lifting a gully bed, preventing the bottom of the gully from being cut and the gully bank from being expanded, and recovering the vegetation ecology. The disadvantages of land occupation for slope cutting, expensive raw materials, large engineering quantity, high working hour cost, season influence during construction period and the like exist. The northeast black soil region is the main food production region in China, the main food crops comprise corn, soybean, rice and the like, and the straw content is sufficient. The existing treatment method for achieving the reclamation effect by burying the whole erosion gully by using straws is only suitable for the erosion gully with the characteristics of less than 2 meters of gully depth, small catchment area, smooth downstream drainage and the like, and has a limited application range.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a buried straw/check dam composite structure for ecologically treating erosion ditches and a construction method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the existing treatment method for burying the whole erosion ditch by using straws is only suitable for the erosion ditch with the ditch depth of less than 2 meters, small catchment area, smooth downstream drainage and limited application range.

The invention relates to a composite structure of a buried straw/check dam for ecologically treating erosion ditches, which consists of an ecological bag check dam 1, a straw bundle 3, an anchoring concrete column 6, a blocking concrete column 7, soil 11, wickers and vegetation;

the ecological bag check dam 1 is arranged in an original ditch bottom 5, the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam 1 is of a vertical structure, the slope ratio of the upstream surface to the downstream surface is 1:0.8, and the center of the upper end of the ecological bag check dam 1 is provided with an overflow port 1-1; a plurality of rows of straw bundles 3 are vertically arranged at the upstream of the ecological bag check dam 1, each straw bundle 3 is of a cylindrical structure, the straw bundles 3 are closely adjacent to each other and closely adjacent to the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam 1, the straw bundles 3 are all arranged on a horizontal first ditch bottom 9, and ditch slopes 8 at two sides of the straw bundles 3 are of vertical structures; a stilling pool 4 is arranged at the downstream of the ecological bag check dam 1, a stilling ridge 2 is arranged at the downstream of the stilling pool 4, the stilling pool 4 and the stilling ridge 2 are both arranged on a horizontal second ditch bottom 10, the upper surface of the stilling ridge 2 is of a horizontal structure, and soil 11 is arranged on the upper surface of the straw bundle 3; the second trench bottom 10 is higher than the first trench bottom 9; the backwater surface of the absorption sill 2 is closely adjacent to the downstream straw bundle 3; a plurality of wickers are uniformly arranged on the soil 11;

two anchoring concrete columns 6 are vertically and uniformly arranged on the back water side of the ecological bag check dam 1, and the bottoms of the anchoring concrete columns 6 are inserted into the original ditch bottom 5; a blocking concrete column 7 is horizontally arranged between the backwater side of the ecological bag check dam 1 and the two anchoring concrete columns 6, and two ends of the blocking concrete column 7 are respectively arranged in the slope surfaces 8 at two sides; the slope ratio of the slope 8 on the two sides is 1:1.5, ecological bag revetments are arranged on the slope 8 on the two sides, and vegetation is arranged on the slope above the ecological bag revetments on the slope 8 on the two sides.

The invention relates to a method for building a landfill straw/check dam composite structure for ecologically treating erosion ditches, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, channel shaping: pre-designing the positions where the check dam is to be placed, vertically and downwards excavating and shaping two side slopes to the bottom of the ditch by utilizing an excavator at the upstream of each check dam and 1.4-1.5 m above the bottom of the ditch, wherein the slope of the two side slopes after excavation is 90 degrees, and the slope of the two side slopes above the excavation position is kept unchanged; then, digging the ditch bottom between two adjacent check dam downwards to form a structure of two layers of steps, wherein each layer of step is a plane;

secondly, filling straws: vertically and tightly placing a plurality of cylindrical straw bundles with the diameter and height of 1.4-1.5 m at the upstream of each check dam and on the plane ditch bottom dug in the step I, wherein the plane ditch bottom is the lower plane ditch bottom in the step structure;

thirdly, constructing an ecological bag check dam: placing an ecological bag check dam at a pre-designed position, wherein the length of the top of the ecological bag check dam along the water flow direction is 0.8-1 m, the height of the ecological bag check dam is 2-2.1 m, the back water slope ratio of the ecological bag check dam is 1:0.8, the upstream surface is vertically arranged, and the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam is tightly connected with the straws arranged in the second step; the depth of the top of the ecological bag check dam entering the groove slope surfaces at the two sides is 2 m-2.5 m; an overflow port is arranged at the center of the top of the ecological bag check dam; a stilling pool and a stilling ridge are sequentially arranged at the downstream of each ecological bag check dam, the length of the stilling pool in the direction parallel to the water flow is 3-4 m, the height of the stilling ridge is 0.5-0.6 m, and the length of the stilling ridge in the direction parallel to the water flow is 0.5-0.6 m; the two sides of the downstream of each ecological bag check dam are revetments, and the vertical height is 2 m-2.5 m; the force-absorbing ridge is arranged on the plane groove bottom dug in the step I, the plane groove bottom is the higher plane groove bottom in the step structure, and the force-absorbing ridge is closely adjacent to the downstream straw bundle;

fourthly, blocking and anchoring by concrete columns: horizontally arranging 1 blocking concrete column with the diameter of 0.25m at a position 1m below the lowest position of the backwater side of the overflow port, wherein the length direction of the blocking concrete column is vertical to the water flow direction, and two sides of the blocking concrete column are respectively inserted into slope surfaces at two sides; two anchoring concrete columns with the diameter of 0.25m are arranged on one side, far away from the check concrete house, of each blocking concrete column, the two anchoring concrete columns are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the anchoring concrete columns are inserted into soil at the bottom of the ditch by the depth of 1m, and the height of each anchoring concrete column is 4-5 m; the anchoring concrete column and the blocking concrete column are bound by an iron wire;

fifthly, covering soil: covering soil with the thickness of 0.3-0.5 m on the straw bundles filled in the step two, and using machinery to level and cover the soil, wherein the soil comes from earthwork left after shaping in the step one; the upper edge of the absorption ridge is flush with the soil on the downstream straw bundle;

sixthly, slope cutting and leveling: taking the straw landfill soil covered in the step five as an erosion reference surface, cutting slopes on two slope surfaces above the erosion reference surface according to a slope ratio of 1:1.5, covering soil again and flattening the surface of the straw bundle;

seventhly, inserting willow: willow is inserted on the straw soil; if the construction is carried out in spring, willows are planted on the soil covering in spring in the same year; if the construction is carried out in other three seasons, willows are planted on the soil covering in the spring of the next year;

eighthly, recovering vegetation on the side slope: and (4) carrying out vegetation restoration on the slope surfaces on two sides of the trench according to the local dominant grass seeds and shrub tree seeds.

The invention has the advantages that:

firstly, the method can directly improve the erosion datum plane by about 2m (straw burying and soil covering) in straw burying at the upstream of the ecological bag check dam 1, and can protect the ecological bag check dam 1 from being dispersed;

the invention can solve the outstanding problem of land occupation of the erosion gully for treating the slope cutting, after the straws are buried, the slope cutting is carried out according to the slope ratio of 1:1.5, and the land occupation of each side in the direction vertical to the water flow can be reduced by about 3 m;

thirdly, the willow inserting needs to be carried out in spring, straw burying and ecological bag check dam construction do not need to be carried out before freezing after autumn harvest, the construction period is relatively free, and the problem of short construction period is solved; because the straws have good water retention performance, the survival rate and the growth vigor of the shrub willows are higher than those of solid soil;

fourthly, the stability of the ecological bag check dam 1 and the ditch-filling straw bundle 3 is improved by utilizing blocking and anchoring of the concrete rods;

and fifthly, most of the large amount of straws generated every year are comprehensively utilized and returned to the field, and partial straws are still burnt to pollute the environment. The invention uses the straws for erosion gully treatment, on one hand, the raw materials are low in price, the straw quantity is sufficient, the requirement of erosion gully landfill treatment is met, on the other hand, partial straws are consumed, the burning quantity can be reduced, and the straw utilization rate is increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite structure of a landfill straw/check dam of an ecological treatment erosion gully in a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a composite structure of buried straws/check dam for ecological management erosion gully, as shown in fig. 1-3, and specifically comprises an ecological bag check dam 1, a straw bundle 3, an anchoring concrete column 6, a blocking concrete column 7, soil 11, wickers and vegetation;

the ecological bag check dam 1 is arranged in an original ditch bottom 5, the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam 1 is of a vertical structure, the slope ratio of the upstream surface to the downstream surface is 1:0.8, and the center of the upper end of the ecological bag check dam 1 is provided with an overflow port 1-1; a plurality of rows of straw bundles 3 are vertically arranged at the upstream of the ecological bag check dam 1, each straw bundle 3 is of a cylindrical structure, the straw bundles 3 are closely adjacent to each other and closely adjacent to the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam 1, the straw bundles 3 are all arranged on a horizontal first ditch bottom 9, and ditch slopes 8 at two sides of the straw bundles 3 are of vertical structures; a stilling pool 4 is arranged at the downstream of the ecological bag check dam 1, a stilling ridge 2 is arranged at the downstream of the stilling pool 4, the stilling pool 4 and the stilling ridge 2 are both arranged on a horizontal second ditch bottom 10, the upper surface of the stilling ridge 2 is of a horizontal structure, and soil 11 is arranged on the upper surface of the straw bundle 3; the second trench bottom 10 is higher than the first trench bottom 9; the backwater surface of the absorption sill 2 is closely adjacent to the downstream straw bundle 3; a plurality of wickers are uniformly arranged on the soil 11;

two anchoring concrete columns 6 are vertically and uniformly arranged on the back water side of the ecological bag check dam 1, and the bottoms of the anchoring concrete columns 6 are inserted into the original ditch bottom 5; a blocking concrete column 7 is horizontally arranged between the backwater side of the ecological bag check dam 1 and the two anchoring concrete columns 6, and two ends of the blocking concrete column 7 are respectively arranged in the slope surfaces 8 at two sides; the slope ratio of the slope 8 on the two sides is 1:1.5, ecological bag revetments are arranged on the slope 8 on the two sides, and vegetation is arranged on the slope above the ecological bag revetments on the slope 8 on the two sides.

The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the stilling ridge 2 and the stilling pool 4 are both composed of ecological bags. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the anchoring concrete column 6 and the blocking concrete column 7 are both made of concrete. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is a construction method of a landfill straw/check dam composite structure for ecologically treating erosion ditches, which comprises the following specific steps:

firstly, channel shaping: pre-designing the positions where the check dam is to be placed, vertically and downwards excavating and shaping two side slopes to the bottom of the ditch by utilizing an excavator at the upstream of each check dam and 1.4-1.5 m above the bottom of the ditch, wherein the slope of the two side slopes after excavation is 90 degrees, and the slope of the two side slopes above the excavation position is kept unchanged; then, digging the ditch bottom between two adjacent check dam downwards to form a structure of two layers of steps, wherein each layer of step is a plane;

secondly, filling straws: vertically and tightly placing a plurality of cylindrical straw bundles with the diameter and height of 1.4-1.5 m at the upstream of each check dam and on the plane ditch bottom dug in the step I, wherein the plane ditch bottom is the lower plane ditch bottom in the step structure;

thirdly, constructing an ecological bag check dam: placing an ecological bag check dam at a pre-designed position, wherein the length of the top of the ecological bag check dam along the water flow direction is 0.8-1 m, the height of the ecological bag check dam is 2-2.1 m, the back water slope ratio of the ecological bag check dam is 1:0.8, the upstream surface is vertically arranged, and the upstream surface of the ecological bag check dam is tightly connected with the straws arranged in the second step; the depth of the top of the ecological bag check dam entering the groove slope surfaces at the two sides is 2 m-2.5 m; an overflow port is arranged at the center of the top of the ecological bag check dam; a stilling pool and a stilling ridge are sequentially arranged at the downstream of each ecological bag check dam, the length of the stilling pool in the direction parallel to the water flow is 3-4 m, the height of the stilling ridge is 0.5-0.6 m, and the length of the stilling ridge in the direction parallel to the water flow is 0.5-0.6 m; the two sides of the downstream of each ecological bag check dam are revetments, and the vertical height is 2 m-2.5 m; the force-absorbing ridge is arranged on the plane groove bottom dug in the step I, the plane groove bottom is the higher plane groove bottom in the step structure, and the force-absorbing ridge is closely adjacent to the downstream straw bundle; the stilling ridge and the stilling pool are both composed of ecological bags;

fourthly, blocking and anchoring by concrete columns: horizontally arranging 1 blocking concrete column with the diameter of 0.25m at a position 1m below the lowest position of the backwater side of the overflow port, wherein the length direction of the blocking concrete column is vertical to the water flow direction, and two sides of the blocking concrete column are respectively inserted into slope surfaces at two sides; two anchoring concrete columns with the diameter of 0.25m are arranged on one side, far away from the check concrete house, of each blocking concrete column, the two anchoring concrete columns are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the anchoring concrete columns are inserted into soil at the bottom of the ditch by the depth of 1m, and the height of each anchoring concrete column is 4-5 m; the anchoring concrete column and the blocking concrete column are bound by an iron wire; the anchoring concrete column 6 and the blocking concrete column 7 are both made of concrete;

fifthly, covering soil: covering soil with the thickness of 0.3-0.5 m on the straw bundles filled in the step two, and using machinery to level and cover the soil, wherein the soil comes from earthwork left after shaping in the step one; the upper edge of the absorption ridge is flush with the soil on the downstream straw bundle;

sixthly, slope cutting and leveling: taking the straw landfill soil covered in the step five as an erosion reference surface, cutting slopes on two slope surfaces above the erosion reference surface according to a slope ratio of 1:1.5, covering soil again and flattening the surface of the straw bundle;

seventhly, inserting willow: willow is inserted on the straw soil; if the construction is carried out in spring, willows are planted on the soil covering in spring in the same year; if the construction is carried out in other three seasons, willows are planted on the soil covering in the spring of the next year;

eighthly, recovering vegetation on the side slope: and (4) carrying out vegetation restoration on the slope surfaces on two sides of the trench according to the local dominant grass seeds and shrub tree seeds.

The fifth concrete implementation mode: the fourth difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: and in the third step, the slope protection is arranged on the two sides of the downstream of each ecological bag check dam, and the vertical height of the slope protection is 2 m. The rest is the same as the fourth embodiment.

The invention was verified with the following tests:

test one: the test is a construction method of a landfill straw/check dam composite structure for ecologically treating erosion ditches, and is shown in the figures 1-3, and the concrete process is as follows:

firstly, channel shaping: the method comprises the steps that positions where check houses are to be placed are designed in advance, an excavator is used for vertically and downwards excavating and shaping slope surfaces on two sides to the bottom of a ditch at the upstream of each check house and 1.4m above the bottom of the ditch, so that the slope of the slope surfaces on the two sides after excavation is 90 degrees, and the slope surfaces on the two sides above the excavation are kept unchanged; then, digging the ditch bottom between two adjacent check dam downwards to form a structure of two layers of steps, wherein each layer of step is a plane;

secondly, filling straws: vertically and tightly placing a plurality of cylindrical straw bundles with the diameter and height of 1.4m at the upstream of each check dam and on the plane ditch bottom dug in the step one, wherein the plane ditch bottom is the lower plane ditch bottom in the step structure;

thirdly, constructing an ecological bag check dam: placing an ecological bag check dam at a pre-designed position, wherein the length of the top of the ecological bag check dam along the water flow direction is 1m, the height of the ecological bag check dam is 2m, the back water slope ratio of the ecological bag check dam is 1:0.8, the upstream face is vertically arranged, and the upstream face of the ecological bag check dam is tightly connected with the straws arranged in the step two; the depth of the top of the ecological bag check dam entering the groove slope surfaces at the two sides is 2 m; an overflow port is arranged at the center of the top of the ecological bag check dam; a stilling pool and a stilling ridge are sequentially arranged at the downstream of each ecological bag check dam, the length of the stilling pool in the direction parallel to the water flow is 3m, the height of the stilling ridge is 0.5m, and the length of the stilling ridge in the direction parallel to the water flow is 0.5 m; the two sides of the downstream of each ecological bag check dam are revetments, and the vertical height is 2 m; the force-absorbing ridge is arranged on the plane groove bottom dug in the step I, the plane groove bottom is the higher plane groove bottom in the step structure, and the force-absorbing ridge is closely adjacent to the downstream straw bundle;

fourthly, blocking and anchoring by concrete columns: horizontally arranging 1 blocking concrete column with the diameter of 0.25m at a position 1m below the lowest position of the backwater side of the overflow port, wherein the length direction of the blocking concrete column is vertical to the water flow direction, and two sides of the blocking concrete column are respectively inserted into slope surfaces at two sides; two anchoring concrete columns with the diameter of 0.25m are arranged on one side, far away from the check concrete house, of each blocking concrete column, the two anchoring concrete columns are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the anchoring concrete columns are inserted into soil at the bottom of the ditch by the depth of 1m, and the height of each anchoring concrete column is 4-5 m; the anchoring concrete column and the blocking concrete column are bound by an iron wire;

fifthly, covering soil: covering soil with the thickness of 0.5m above the straw bundles filled in the step two, and leveling and covering the soil by using machinery, wherein the soil comes from earthwork left after shaping in the step one; the upper edge of the absorption ridge is flush with the soil on the downstream straw bundle;

sixthly, slope cutting and leveling: taking the straw landfill soil covered in the step five as an erosion reference surface, cutting slopes on two slope surfaces above the erosion reference surface according to a slope ratio of 1:1.5, covering soil again and flattening the surface of the straw bundle;

seventhly, inserting willow: willow is inserted on the straw soil; if the construction is carried out in spring, willows are planted on the soil covering in spring in the same year; if the construction is carried out in other three seasons, willows are planted on the soil covering in the spring of the next year;

eighthly, recovering vegetation on the side slope: and (4) carrying out vegetation restoration on the slope surfaces on two sides of the trench according to the local dominant grass seeds and shrub tree seeds.

The advantages of this test are:

firstly, the test is used for straw burying at the upstream of the ecological bag check dam 1, firstly, the erosion datum plane can be directly improved by about 2m (straw burying and soil covering), and secondly, the ecological bag check dam 1 can be protected from being scattered by water;

the test can solve the outstanding problem of land occupation of the erosion gully in treating the slope cutting, slope cutting is carried out according to the slope ratio of 1:1.5, and the land occupation of each side in the direction vertical to the water flow can be reduced by 3 m;

thirdly, the test needs to be carried out in spring except for willow insertion, straw landfill and ecological bag check dam construction do not need to be carried out before freezing after autumn harvest, the construction period is relatively free, and the problem of short construction period is solved; meanwhile, the straw has good water retention performance, so that the survival rate and the growth vigor of the shrub willow are higher than those of solid soil;

fourthly, the test utilizes the blocking and anchoring of the concrete rods, so that the stability of the ecological bag check dam 1 and the ditch filling straw bundle 3 is improved;

and fifthly, most of the large amount of straws generated every year are comprehensively utilized and returned to the field, and partial straws are still burnt to pollute the environment. The straw is used for erosion gully treatment in the experiment, on one hand, the raw material price is low, the straw amount is sufficient, the requirement of erosion gully landfill treatment is met, on the other hand, partial straw is consumed, the burning amount can be reduced, and the straw utilization rate is increased.