阅读说明：本技术 一种马齿苋提取物的提取方法及所得产物 (Extraction method of purslane extract and obtained product ) 是由 徐能锋 罗建锟 于 2021-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种马齿苋提取物的制备方法及所得的提取物。本发明方法包括如下的步骤：(1)取洁净的马齿苋原料,粉碎至10-100目；(2)在步骤(1)所得的马齿苋粉末中,加入5-15倍量的提取溶剂,于30-80℃的温度下进行浸提,其中,所采用的提取溶剂为氨水和/或碳酸钠溶液；(3)将步骤(2)所得的混合物进行冷却,然后过滤；(4)将步骤(3)所得的滤液进行减压浓缩,得到干态的马齿苋提取物。本发明的新型提取溶剂对马齿苋多糖、黄酮类、生物碱类溶解兼容性好、成本低廉、安全高效。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a purslane extract and the obtained extract. The method comprises the following steps: (1) taking clean purslane raw material, and crushing the purslane raw material to 10-100 meshes; (2) adding 5-15 times of extraction solvent into the purslane powder obtained in the step (1), and leaching at the temperature of 30-80 ℃, wherein the adopted extraction solvent is ammonia water and/or sodium carbonate solution; (3) cooling the mixture obtained in the step (2), and then filtering; (4) and (4) carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the filtrate obtained in the step (3) to obtain the dry purslane extract. The novel extraction solvent disclosed by the invention has good compatibility for dissolving purslane polysaccharide, flavonoid and alkaloid, is low in cost, and is safe and efficient.)

1. A method for preparing a purslane extract, comprising the steps of:

(2) taking clean purslane raw material, and crushing the purslane raw material to 10-100 meshes;

(2) adding 5-15 times of extraction solvent into the purslane powder obtained in the step (1), and leaching at the temperature of 30-80 ℃, wherein the extraction solvent is ammonia water and/or sodium carbonate solution;

(3) cooling the mixture obtained in the step (2), and then filtering;

(4) and (4) carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the filtrate obtained in the step (3) to obtain the dry purslane extract.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the extraction solvent is an aqueous ammonia solution containing 0.5-10% ammonia.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the extraction solvent is NaCO-containing₃0.5-10% sodium carbonate aqueous solution.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the extraction solvent is NH₃With NaCO₃And the sum of the contents of the ammonia water and the sodium carbonate is 0.5-5%, wherein in the ammonia water-sodium carbonate aqueous solution, the mass ratio of ammonia to sodium carbonate is 1: 1 to 10: 1.

5. the method of claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of ammonia to sodium carbonate in the aqueous ammonia-sodium carbonate solution is 1: 1 to 5: 1.

6. the method of claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of ammonia to sodium carbonate in the aqueous ammonia-sodium carbonate solution is 1: 1 to 3: 1.

7. the process according to claim 1, wherein the leaching temperature in step (2) is 40-60 ℃.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the purslane raw material is pulverized to 15-60 mesh in step (1).

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of the extraction solvent added in step (2) is 8-12 times the amount of the purslane powder.

10. A purslane extract prepared using the method of any one of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an extraction method of purslane extract and an obtained product, in particular to an extraction method of purslane extract without using organic solvent and an obtained product.

Background

The purslane is quite complex in component, and contains a large amount of polysaccharide, bioflavonoid, alkaloid, various fatty acids (mainly unsaturated fatty acids such as W-3 fatty acid, SL3 fatty acid and the like), norepinephrine, dihydroxyphenethylamine, potassium element, VE, VC, beta-carotene, glutathione and other substances which have nutrition, health care and medical treatment effects on human bodies.

The extraction solvent used in the existing preparation method of the purslane extract comprises two main types, the first type is alcohol water as an extracting agent, the dissolution of effective components is accelerated by heating, and the extraction with ultrasonic wave assistance mainly by heating is also reported. The second type is organic solvent as extractant, acetone, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether are common. The literature reports and the existing patents mostly use ethanol with different concentrations as an extracting agent, and the extraction is carried out at normal temperature, and the extraction is also carried out under the assistance of heating or ultrasonic waves. For example:

chinese patent application 201910812429.3 discloses a purslane polysaccharide extraction process and its application in skin care products, comprising the following steps: d1 freeze drying and pulverizing; d2 decolorization and impurity removal: extracting herba Portulacae powder with ethanol under reflux in water bath, and filtering to obtain herba Portulacae residue; d3 low-temperature leaching: adding the purslane residue into deionized water for low-temperature leaching to obtain a purslane polysaccharide leaching liquor and insoluble purslane residue; d4 deproteinization: microfiltering the purslane polysaccharide leaching solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, adding sevage reagent into the concentrated solution, and collecting the upper polysaccharide solution; d5 purification and refining: concentrating the upper polysaccharide solution, precipitating with ethanol, standing for layering, centrifuging, and washing to obtain herba Portulacae polysaccharide.

Chinese patent application CN201910665803.1 discloses a low-temperature extraction method of purslane, comprising the following steps: s1, a crushing step: cleaning herba Portulacae, air drying, and pulverizing; s2, preparation of an extraction solvent: mixing one or two of methanol/water mixed solution, ethanol/water mixed solution and 1, 3-butanediol/water mixed solution to prepare an extraction solvent; s3, dispersing: placing the crushed purslane into an extraction tank, and adding a prepared extraction solvent into the extraction tank, wherein the weight of the extraction solvent is 3-16 times that of the purslane; s4, nitrogen sealing step: replacing the air in the extraction tank with nitrogen gas by a vacuum pump and a nitrogen gas generator; s5, constant-temperature extraction: controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 0-25 ℃ for extraction; s6, a filtering step: and removing the purslane herb residues through a filter membrane to obtain a filtrate which is wine red, wherein the pH value of the filtrate is 4-6.

Chinese patent 201910665804.6 discloses a method for preparing a purslane extract, comprising the steps of: s1, low-temperature extraction step: extracting herba Portulacae raw material with alcohol/water mixed solution at low temperature to obtain crude extractive solution; s2, a filtering step: filtering the crude extract obtained in the low-temperature extraction step by using a filter membrane to obtain clear wine red filtrate; s3, flocculation step: adding a flocculating agent into the wine red filtrate obtained in the filtering step to remove tannin and protein substances in the wine red filtrate; s4, decoloring step: adding a decoloring agent into the wine red filtrate subjected to the flocculation step for decoloring, and removing pigment impurities in the wine red filtrate; s5, low-temperature drying: filtering the decolored wine red filtrate to remove the decolorant to obtain clear transparent solution, and drying the clear transparent solution at low temperature to obtain the white powdery purslane extract.

Chinese patent 201910448763.5 discloses a method for extracting purslane polysaccharide and total flavonoids in combination, which comprises a step of extraction treatment with a micelle medium in the polysaccharide extraction operation, wherein the micelle medium extraction solution is obtained by a mixed solvent of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide dissolved in heptane and a butanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 50%. The method comprises the following steps: step (1): carrying out degreasing treatment on the purslane; step (2): degreasing the degreasing treatment solution, performing gradient elution by using a macroporous adsorption resin column to extract total flavonoids from the purslane, and respectively collecting the flavonoid-containing eluate and the flavonoid-free eluate; and (3): extracting crude polysaccharide from defatted purslane; and (4): preparing micelle medium extraction liquid, and performing salinization and extraction double-removal treatment on the crude polysaccharide solution after enzymolysis; and (5): dialyzing the extract to remove impurities and removing small molecular impurities; and (6): evaporating, concentrating, crystallizing, cooling to 0-5 deg.C, crystallizing, and washing with anhydrous ethanol to obtain purified herba Portulacae polysaccharide.

Chinese patent 201810700186.X discloses a method for extracting purslane polysaccharide, which comprises the following steps: (1) crushing a purslane raw medicinal material, performing reflux extraction twice by using ethanol or petroleum ether for 2 hours each time, performing suction filtration, and drying to obtain purslane medicinal material powder for later use; (2) extracting the purslane medicinal material powder in an autoclave at the set temperature range of 105 ℃ and 121 ℃ for 1 h; (3) extracting the extracted crude polysaccharide solution with equal volume of phenol, chloroform and isoamylol (25:24:1) to remove protein, collecting supernatant water phase solution, performing rotary evaporation on the solution, precipitating with absolute ethanol overnight, and centrifuging to obtain polysaccharide.

Chinese patent application 201711471346.X discloses an egg for efficiently extracting selenium from purslane plantsA method of whitening comprising: screening qualified selenium-rich purslane plants, and cleaning; drying cleaned selenium-rich herba Portulacae by oven drying or sun drying; crushing and screening qualified selenium-rich purslane plants in a crusher, and cleaning; adding pure clear water, 95% ethanol solution, and KH into pulverized selenium-rich herba Portulacae plant₂PO₄-NaH₂PO₄Buffer solution and ultrasonic generator KH₂PO₄-NaH₂PO₄Buffer solution, controlling the ratio of the material to the liquid to be more than 1:40, and soaking for 3 hours; and spraying and drying or distilling and drying the filtered liquid under reduced pressure to obtain the pure natural purslane plant organic selenium.

Chinese patent application 201710765430.6 discloses a method for extracting purslane flavonoid, comprising: a. taking the root and stem powder raw materials of the portulaca oleracea, and filling the raw materials into a Soxhlet extractor; b. adding 60-85% edible ethanol with the amount of 3-5 times of the raw material, soaking, performing Soxhlet extraction, and distilling the filtrate under reduced pressure; c. after drying the residue, adding water with the amount of 4-7 times of the residue to dissolve the residue, and washing the residue for several times by using petroleum ether or trichloromethane with the amount of 3-6 times of the residue until the residue is colorless; d. transferring the water phase into a macroporous adsorption resin column; e. scanning in an ultraviolet spectrophotometer within the wavelength range of 450-550 nm; f. eluting with 60-85% edible ethanol, receiving the eluent, and evaporating the received eluent on a water bath at 80-90 ℃ to remove the solvent and separate out crystals to obtain the purslane flavonoid compound.

Chinese patent application 201611241864.8 discloses a method for extracting natural components of purslane, comprising the following steps: crushing in the step (1), pulse ultrasonic alcohol extraction in the step (2), secondary alcohol extraction in the step (3), concentration in the step (4), alcohol precipitation in the step (5), concentration in the step (6) and drying. In the application, the natural components of the purslane are obtained by crushing the purslane, performing pulse ultrasonic alcohol extraction, performing secondary alcohol extraction, concentrating, precipitating with alcohol and concentrating and drying, so that the natural (medicinal property) components of the purslane are reserved to the greatest extent, and the loss of the natural (medicinal property) components of the purslane is reduced.

Chinese patent application 201611209779.3 discloses a method for preparing purslane polysaccharide, which comprises the following steps: selecting dry and crushed purslane, and adding the purslane in a proportion of 1: 10-13 of distilled water with the temperature of 50-60 ℃, extracting for 2-3 times by ultrasonic waves, combining extracting solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure, adding ethanol into the concentrated solution to precipitate purslane polysaccharide, centrifuging, precipitating, washing with acetone, and freeze-drying at low temperature to obtain the purslane polysaccharide.

Chinese patent application 201610770884.8 discloses a method for extracting portulaca oleracea polysaccharide, comprising the steps of: crushing herba Portulacae into powder, adding water, mixing, ultrasonically extracting, adding activated carbon into the extractive solution for decolorizing, vacuum filtering the decolorized extractive solution, concentrating the filtrate, adding anhydrous ethanol into the concentrated solution, standing for 12 hr, filtering, washing the filtered precipitate, and dissolving. The extraction method of the purslane polysaccharide adopts ultrasonic assistance.

Chinese patent 201610100815.6 discloses a method for preparing a purslane extract, which comprises the following steps: pulverizing fresh herba Portulacae to obtain herba Portulacae slurry; adding 50-75% ethanol by volume, extracting, filtering to obtain filtrate I, distilling the filtrate I to recover ethanol, and adding water to recover the volume of the original filtrate to obtain filtrate II; adding a compound decolorizing agent of activated carbon and activated clay into the filtrate II, and filtering the activated carbon by using a ceramic membrane; intercepting the filtrate with the molecular weight of less than 150-300 by using a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a filtrate III; adding humectant into the filtrate III, and adding antiseptic to obtain herba Portulacae extractive solution.

Chinese patent 201510654130.1 discloses a purslane extract and a preparation method thereof, the method comprising: drying herba Portulacae, and extracting with 95% ethanol as entrainer and CO₂Performing supercritical extraction, adding 1, 3-butanediol into the extract, recovering the reagent from the organic layer, and drying to obtain an extract A; performing enzyme hydrolysis on the residue after supercritical extraction, adding water for extraction, filtering, adding active carbon and argil into the extract, centrifuging, concentrating and drying to obtain an extract B; mixing the extract A and the extract B uniformly. In the preparation method, the extract A is rich in alpha-linolenic acid, and the extract B is high in polysaccharide content.

Chinese patent 200710171721.9 discloses a method for preparing a purslane extract, comprising the steps of: (A) preparing an extracting solution: extracting herba Portulacae with water or ethanol or methanol water solution as extraction solvent to obtain extractive solution; (B) concentration: recovering the extractive solution under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell exists to obtain concentrated solution; (C) and (3) precipitation: cooling the concentrated solution, and separating the precipitate; (D) drying, pulverizing, drying the precipitate, and pulverizing to obtain extract.

But the defects or problems of the prior art are as follows:

the active ingredients in purslane include polysaccharides, flavonoids and alkaloids. The water extraction method reduces the cost of the solvent to a certain extent, but the defects of the water extraction method are obvious. Flavonoids are the most prominent components in purslane, but the solubility in water is low or even insoluble in water, so that the extract using water as a solvent has the problems of low flavone content and low total recovery rate of flavone (the total flavone content of the extract is about 3.5%, the recovery rate is 70%, see the detailed description section), and the product quality is seriously influenced. Besides the defect of insufficient extraction of effective substances, the water extraction method has the serious defects of long extraction time and high energy consumption of subsequent concentration. The extraction method using ethanol as solvent has high extraction rate of unsaturated fatty acid, flavonoids and alkaloid, but also limits the dissolution of polysaccharide (the recovery rate of polysaccharide in the extract is only about 47%, see the detailed description part), and the polysaccharide is a component with high activity in the purslane extract, and directly influences the quality of the extract. The alcohol extraction mode has the defects of high requirements on equipment explosion prevention, harm to operators and the like besides the defect of insufficient extraction of polysaccharide substances. In conclusion, both extraction methods have the defect of insufficient extraction of effective components. The extraction yield of the effective components of purslane by using different solvents such as distilled water, petroleum ether and ethanol as the extracting agents is discussed in the national medicine of Shizhen, 2008, (08) extraction and quantitative analysis of the effective components of purslane. It is shown that neither the water extraction nor the organic solvent extraction can sufficiently extract the active substances in purslane. The disadvantages of the prior extraction technology are also manifested in low purity of the extract, poor color and smell, and poor water solubility.

Therefore, there is a need for an extraction system and an extraction method without organic solvent, which can extract polysaccharides, bioflavonoids and alkaloids from purslane in combination, so as to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an extraction system and an extraction method which can be used for extracting polysaccharide, bioflavonoid and alkaloid from purslane in a combined manner, do not use any organic solvent and are low in cost.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a purslane extract containing polysaccharides, bioflavonoids and alkaloids, prepared by an extraction system and an extraction method without using an organic solvent

In one aspect, to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a purslane extract, comprising the steps of:

(1) taking clean purslane raw material, and crushing the purslane raw material to 10-100 meshes;

(2) adding 5-15 times of extraction solvent into the purslane powder obtained in the step (1), and leaching at the temperature of 30-80 ℃, wherein the extraction solvent is ammonia water and/or sodium carbonate solution;

(3) cooling the mixture obtained in the step (2), and then filtering;

(4) and (4) carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the filtrate obtained in the step (3) to obtain the dry purslane extract.

In the preparation method of the invention, the purslane raw material can be dry material or fresh material, and is preferably dry material, because the dry material is convenient to purchase, store and carry out large-scale continuous production from markets, particularly from the market of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the extraction solvent used in the method of the present invention is an aqueous ammonia solution containing 0.5 to 10% by mass of ammonia. The ammonia water is the most common chemical raw material, has the advantages of easy acquisition and low cost, and the low-concentration ammonia water has high use safety, low requirement on equipment and low potential harm to personnel and environment.

The inventor of the present invention found that ammonia water has unexpected technical effects when preparing the purslane extract: the ammonia water can effectively protect the alkaloid, because the ammonia water can rapidly form hydrogen bonds with alkaloid molecules so as to prevent the alkaloid from decomposing, and in addition, the ammonia water can also increase the solubility of the bioflavonoids and other components.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the extraction solvent used in the process of the present invention is NaCO-containing₃0.5-10% sodium carbonate aqueous solution. Sodium carbonate is also the most commonly used chemical raw material, has quite low cost, extremely high safety and very low requirement on equipment, and basically has no potential harm to personnel and environment.

The inventors of the present invention have found that an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate also has unexpected technical effects when preparing a purslane extract: due to the property of purslane alkaloid, the alkaloid mostly exists in an ion form under the alkaline condition, and the alkalinity of the sodium carbonate aqueous solution is very favorable for dissolving out the contained alkaloid from the purslane medicinal material; moreover, the inventor of the invention finds that the alkaline effect is not possessed by any other alkaline substances, for example, the extraction effect of the sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution is obviously lower than that of the sodium carbonate aqueous solution, the activity of alkaloid in purslane can be obviously damaged by other strong alkaline aqueous solutions, and the like.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the extraction solvent used in the process of the invention is NH₃With NaCO₃And the sum of the contents of the ammonia water and the sodium carbonate is 0.5-10%, wherein in the used ammonia water-sodium carbonate solution, the mass ratio of ammonia to sodium carbonate is 1: 1 to 10: 1.

the inventors of the present invention have found that even with respect to the above-mentioned aqueous ammonia extraction solvent and aqueous sodium carbonate extraction solvent, the aqueous ammonia-sodium carbonate extraction solvent has significant advantages: the extraction system has good dissolving compatibility to purslane polysaccharide, bioflavonoid substances and alkaloid substances, and the obtained extract has the excellent characteristic of balanced content proportion of purslane polysaccharide, total flavone and total alkaloid.

The inventor finds that when the polysaccharide, the flavonoid and the alkaloid in the purslane are extracted by adopting a 0.5-10% ammonia water-sodium carbonate solution extraction system, the purslane extract has the advantages of the ammonia water extraction system and the sodium carbonate solution extraction system, and has the greatest advantages of high ionization degree of the solution, obviously enhanced dissolution compatibility and capability of simultaneously dissolving different components. The extraction process only needs to be heated to 40-50 ℃, the dissolution speed is high, the extraction time is short, and therefore, the production energy consumption can be greatly reduced.

Experiments of the invention show that in the extract obtained by 0.5-10% ammonia water-sodium carbonate solution extraction system, the recovery rate of total flavone is improved by about 19% compared with the extract of an alcohol-water system, the recovery rate of polysaccharide is improved by about 39%, and the total alkaloid is improved by about 5% compared with the extract of the alcohol-water system; the cost of solvent and energy consumption is obviously reduced.

Preferably, in the extraction method of the present invention, an aqueous ammonia-sodium carbonate solution extraction system is used in which NH is present in the aqueous ammonia-sodium carbonate solution extraction system₃With NaCO₃The sum of the contents of the two is 0.5-5%.

Preferably, in the extraction method of the present invention, in the aqueous ammonia-sodium carbonate solution extraction system used, the mass ratio of ammonia to sodium carbonate is 1: 1 to 5: 1.

more preferably, in the extraction method of the present invention, in the aqueous ammonia-sodium carbonate solution extraction system used, the mass ratio of ammonia to sodium carbonate is 1: 1 to 3: 1.

as the 0.5-10% ammonia water-sodium carbonate solution extraction system adopted by the invention has fast dissolution speed and short extraction time, the extraction temperature in the extraction process is preferably 40-60 ℃.

In the extraction method of the present invention, in the step of pulverizing the purslane raw material, the purslane raw material is preferably pulverized to 15-60 mesh.

In the extraction method of the present invention, in the step of extracting the purslane powder with the extraction solvent, the amount of the extraction solvent added is preferably 8 to 12 times the amount of the purslane powder. The addition amount of the extraction solvent is too small, which easily causes incomplete and sufficient extraction, while the addition amount is too high, and the energy consumption of the subsequent concentration step is too large.

On the other hand, in order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention also provides a purslane extract, which is prepared by the method and has the excellent characteristic of balanced content ratio of purslane polysaccharide, total flavone and total alkaloid.

The invention provides a novel extraction solvent for extracting purslane, namely ammonia water-sodium carbonate aqueous solution, and replaces the method that alcohol water or organic solvent is used as an extractant for preparing purslane extract; the novel extraction solvent has good compatibility for dissolving purslane polysaccharide, flavonoid and alkaloid, and has low cost, safety and high efficiency. The solvent system can be the best known solvent for preparing the purslane extract from the aspects of solvent cost, extraction efficiency, safety, environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction. The method can quickly extract the effective components at normal temperature or low heat state, has simple operation, does not cause harm to personnel and environment, has lower requirement on equipment performance, and is easy to carry out industrial production in an enlarged way.

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, but these embodiments are only illustrative of certain specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

In the experiments of the application, the purslane raw material is purslane decoction pieces purchased from the traditional Chinese medicine market of Anhui Bozhou.

Determination of content of each component in purslane raw material

According to a general method of spectrophotometry in 2020 edition pharmacopoeia, the content of each component in the purslane raw material is determined:

taking 200 g of dried purslane decoction pieces, crushing the purslane decoction pieces, sieving the purslane decoction pieces by a standard sieve of 20 meshes, taking 25 +/-0.01 g of the purslane decoction pieces, carrying out hot reflux extraction on the purslane decoction pieces for 4 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and carrying out rotary evaporation to recover ethyl acetate to obtain 7.9 g of extract. The content of total flavone is 4.7% by taking rutin as a standard curve, the content of polysaccharide is 5.3% by taking glucose as a standard curve, and the content of alkaloid is 2.3% by taking caffeine as a standard curve.

Example 1

Taking 25 +/-0.01 g of purslane powder, adding 10 times of 0.5% ammonia water, leaching for 4 hours at 60 ℃, cooling and filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to dryness to obtain 7.7 g of extract, and detecting by a method of spectrophotometry in pharmacopoeia (2020 edition) that the content of total flavone is 4.7%, the content of total alkaloids is 2.6% and the content of polysaccharide is 4.4%.

Example 2

Taking 25 +/-0.01 g of purslane powder, adding 10 times of 5% sodium carbonate aqueous solution, leaching for 4 hours at 60 ℃, cooling and filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure until the filtrate is dried to obtain 7.1 g of extract, and detecting by a method of the general rule of spectrophotometry in pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), wherein the content of total flavone is 3.9%, the content of total alkaloids is 2.1%, and the content of polysaccharide is 3.9%.

Example 3

Taking 25 +/-0.01 g of purslane powder, and adding 10 times of NH₃With NaCO₃The total content of the two is 0.5-10% ammonia water-sodium carbonate aqueous solution, leaching for 4 hours at 60 ℃, cooling and filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to dryness to obtain 8.2 g of extract, and detecting by the method of the general rule of spectrophotometry in pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), the total flavone content is 3.9%, the total alkaloid content is 1.8%, and the polysaccharide content is 4.4%.

Comparative example 1

Weighing 25 + -0.01 g of the purslane powder, adding 10 times of pure water, leaching for 4 hours at 80 ℃, cooling and filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to dryness to obtain 7.5 g of extract, and detecting by the method of the general rule of spectrophotometry in pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), wherein the content of total flavone is 3.5%, the content of total alkaloids is 1.6%, and the content of polysaccharide is 4.1%.

Comparative example 2

Taking 25 +/-0.01 g of purslane powder, adding 10 times of 60% ethanol, extracting for 4 hours at 80 ℃, cooling and filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to be dry to obtain 5.8 g of extract, and detecting by a method of a spectrophotometry rule in pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), wherein the content of total flavone is 4.3%, the content of total alkaloid is 2.4%, and the content of polysaccharide is 3.4%.