阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于基层医疗机构的医疗废物处置方法 (Medical waste disposal method suitable for basic medical institution ) 是由 林文琪 张俊林 郭子成 贾云鹏 林剑文 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于基层医疗机构的医疗废物处置方法,包括以下步骤：步骤一：医疗废物称重；步骤二：医疗废物中医疗垃圾和生活垃圾判别；步骤三：若步骤二中判别出医疗废物为医疗垃圾则采用压力蒸汽灭菌处理法进行消毒,若步骤二中判别出医疗废物为生活垃圾则采用化学消毒法进行消毒；步骤四：消毒后的医疗废物压缩打包。(The invention discloses a medical waste disposal method suitable for a primary medical institution, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: weighing the medical waste; step two: distinguishing medical waste from medical waste and domestic waste; step three: if the medical waste is judged to be medical waste in the step two, a pressure steam sterilization treatment method is adopted for sterilization, and if the medical waste is judged to be domestic waste in the step two, a chemical sterilization method is adopted for sterilization; step four: and (5) compressing and packaging the sterilized medical waste.)

1. A method of medical waste disposal for use in a primary care facility, comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the medical waste;

step two: distinguishing medical waste from medical waste and domestic waste;

step three: if the medical waste is judged to be medical waste in the step two, a pressure steam sterilization treatment method is adopted for sterilization, and if the medical waste is judged to be domestic waste in the step two, a chemical sterilization method is adopted for sterilization;

step four: and (5) compressing and packaging the sterilized medical waste.

2. A method of medical waste disposal suitable for use in a primary care facility, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the medical waste weighing in the step one is realized by arranging a weighing sensing system in the garbage collection device, and weighing and recording the weight of the medical waste by using the weighing sensing system.

3. A method of medical waste disposal suitable for use in a primary care facility, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step two, judging the medical waste and the domestic waste by arranging a camera shooting device capable of shooting the medical waste through the waste collection device, carrying out image recognition judgment by using an image shot by the camera shooting device, and judging the medical waste as the domestic waste when the area ratio of the medical waste in the medical waste is less than 30%.

4. A method of medical waste disposal suitable for use in a primary care facility, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressure steam sterilization treatment method is carried out under the conditions of pressure of 100kPa and temperature of 121 ℃, and the running time is more than 30-60 min.

5. A method of medical waste disposal suitable for use in a primary care facility, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step four, packaging the sterilized medical wastes into blocks by a hydraulic packaging system when the sterilized medical wastes are compressed and packaged.

6. A method of medical waste disposal according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein: a step (I) is also arranged between the step (II) and the step (III): the medical waste is crushed.

7. A method of medical waste disposal suitable for use in a primary care facility, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the disinfectant adopted by the chemical disinfection method is any one of sodium hypochlorite, peroxyacetic acid, glutaraldehyde or ozone.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical waste treatment, in particular to a medical waste treatment method suitable for a primary medical institution.

Background

Medical waste refers to waste products generated by medical and health institutions in medical, preventive, health care and other related activities that are directly or indirectly infectious, toxic and otherwise hazardous, including infectious waste, traumatic waste, pathological waste, pharmaceutical waste and chemical waste. In addition, the domestic garbage generated by the infectious disease patients or suspected infectious disease patients collected by the medical and health institutions needs to be managed and disposed according to the medical waste.

Medical waste is a component of dangerous waste, and according to the requirements of the seventeenth article of medical waste management regulation (revised 2011), "medical health institutions should establish temporary storage facilities and equipment for medical waste so that the medical waste can not be stored in the open air, and the temporary storage time of the medical waste can not exceed 2 days". At present, medical wastes existing in public institutions in cities in China have a relatively perfect system in the aspects of collection, transportation and treatment, but basic medical institutions, particularly medical institutions in remote villages and with the total number of beds below 19 (including 19), have more defects in the aspects of medical waste supervision, management and disposal, and comprise:

(1) the organization and management system are similar to the nominal. Although some hospitals establish medical waste management organizations and management systems, there are many problems in the implementation aspect, which are shown in obvious defects of personnel preparation, capital investment and the like, and the established systems and measures cannot fall to the real places, so that the management organizations do not really play a role.

(2) The classification collection management is not perfect, and the recovery handover system is not strict. The classified collection of the medical wastes is a key link for implementing harmless management of the medical wastes, and the medical wastes are mixed with household garbage without strictly classifying the medical wastes according to the regulations; when the waste is delivered, the waste is registered according to the requirement, and the department, name, weight or quantity, delivery time, disposal method, final destination, manager and the like are recorded, and the condition that the individual hospital department is not registered completely or is not registered is recorded.

(3) Medical care providers are not aware of the importance of medical waste management disposal. The propaganda and education of medical waste disposal in hospitals are insufficient, and medical staff lack knowledge of classification, safety protection, emergency treatment and the like; a few medical personnel do not recognize the importance of medical waste management and the harmfulness of poor medical waste disposal.

(4) Hidden troubles exist in packaging, transporting and storing. The state has clear regulations on medical waste packing materials, container standards and warning marks, some hospitals have insufficient attention on the harm of the injurious waste, and the medical waste packing materials, the container standards and the warning marks are provided with sharps boxes but are not used for one time, so that the problem of repeated use exists, and sharps injury is easily caused; the transport tool is not cleaned and disinfected in time after being used, medical waste and the like are not transported according to the specified time and route, the temporary storage point setting and the building do not accord with the national regulations, and the potential safety hazard of waste loss is caused.

In view of the above problems of the basic medical institution, which causes medical wastes to be not only medical wastes but also domestic wastes, and makes the medical wastes difficult to dispose of, and the long storage period and the difficult collection of the medical wastes generated by the basic medical institution, the inventor of the present invention has made an intensive conception to solve the above problems, and has actively researched and developed the present invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a medical waste disposal method suitable for a basic medical institution, which can facilitate the disposal of medical waste and solve the problems of long storage period and difficult collection of medical waste generated by the basic medical institution.

In order to achieve the purpose, the solution of the invention is as follows:

a method of medical waste disposal for use in a primary care facility, comprising the steps of: the method comprises the following steps: weighing the medical waste; step two: distinguishing medical waste from medical waste and domestic waste; step three: if the medical waste is judged to be medical waste in the step two, a pressure steam sterilization treatment method is adopted for sterilization, and if the medical waste is judged to be domestic waste in the step two, a chemical sterilization method is adopted for sterilization; step four: and (5) compressing and packaging the sterilized medical waste.

The medical waste weighing in the step one is realized by arranging a weighing sensing system in the garbage collection device, and weighing and recording the weight of the medical waste by using the weighing sensing system.

And step two, judging the medical waste and the domestic waste by arranging a camera shooting device capable of shooting the medical waste through the waste collection device, carrying out image recognition judgment by using an image shot by the camera shooting device, and judging the medical waste as the domestic waste when the area ratio of the medical waste in the medical waste is less than 30%. The pressure steam sterilization treatment method is carried out under the conditions of pressure of 100kPa and temperature of 121 ℃, and the running time is more than 30-60 min.

And step four, packaging the sterilized medical wastes into blocks by a hydraulic packaging system when the sterilized medical wastes are compressed and packaged.

A step (I) is also arranged between the step (II) and the step (III): the medical waste is crushed.

The disinfectant adopted by the chemical disinfection method is any one of sodium hypochlorite, peroxyacetic acid, glutaraldehyde or ozone.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the medical waste collected by the waste collection equipment can be timely distinguished through distinguishing the medical waste from the household waste, when the medical waste accounts for a large amount, the medical waste is distinguished as the medical waste, the medical waste is disinfected by adopting a pressure steam sterilization treatment method, when the medical waste accounts for a small amount, the medical waste is distinguished as the household waste, and the medical waste is disinfected by adopting a chemical disinfection method; therefore, the invention carries out early-stage timely treatment before the medical waste is transported to a medical waste treatment plant, reduces the toxicity and the infectivity of the medical waste, reduces the difficulty of collecting the medical waste, prolongs the storage period of the medical waste and facilitates the treatment of the medical waste.

Detailed Description

To achieve the above objects and advantages, the present invention provides a novel and improved technical means and structure, which will be described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

The invention discloses a medical waste disposal method suitable for a primary medical institution, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: weighing the medical waste; step two: distinguishing medical waste from medical waste and domestic waste; step three: if the medical waste is judged to be medical waste in the step two, a pressure steam sterilization treatment method is adopted for sterilization, and if the medical waste is judged to be domestic waste in the step two, a chemical sterilization method is adopted for sterilization; step four: and (5) compressing and packaging the sterilized medical waste.

Furthermore, in order to weigh the medical waste, the medical waste weighing in the step one can be realized by arranging a weighing sensing system inside the garbage collection device, and weighing and recording the weight of the medical waste by using the weighing sensing system, so that the weight of the medical waste can be quickly known.

Secondly, in order to distinguish medical waste and household waste simply and quickly, in the second step, the medical waste and the household waste are distinguished by arranging a camera shooting device capable of shooting the medical waste through a waste collecting device, and image recognition and judgment are carried out by using an image shot by the camera shooting device, when the area ratio of the medical waste in the medical waste is less than 30%, the medical waste is distinguished as the household waste; the existing convolution neural network technology can realize image recognition and judgment to obtain the area ratio of medical waste in the image.

Wherein the pressure steam sterilization treatment method is carried out under the conditions of pressure of 100kPa and temperature of 121 ℃ and the running time is more than 30-60 min.

In addition, for the convenience of transportation, the medical waste sterilized in the fourth step is compressed and packaged into blocks through a hydraulic packaging system.

A step (I) is also arranged between the step (II) and the step (III): crushing medical waste; so as to facilitate the adequate disposal of medical waste.

Wherein, the disinfectant adopted by the chemical disinfection method is any one of sodium hypochlorite, peroxyacetic acid, glutaraldehyde or ozone, but the above is not limited.

In summary, the medical waste collected by the waste collection equipment can be timely distinguished by distinguishing the medical waste from the domestic waste in the medical waste, when the medical waste accounts for a large amount, the medical waste is distinguished as the medical waste, the medical waste is disinfected by adopting a pressure steam sterilization treatment method, and when the medical waste accounts for a small amount, the medical waste is distinguished as the domestic waste, and the medical waste is disinfected by adopting a chemical disinfection method; therefore, the invention carries out early-stage timely treatment before the medical waste is transported to a medical waste treatment plant, reduces the toxicity and the infectivity of the medical waste, reduces the difficulty of collecting the medical waste, prolongs the storage period of the medical waste and facilitates the treatment of the medical waste.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments disclosed, but includes various alternatives and modifications without departing from the present invention, which are encompassed by the claims.