阅读说明：本技术 运用摩擦板的抗滑坡道的施工方法 (Construction method of anti-slide ramp using friction plate ) 是由 万丕新 关晓尧 莫建明 罗涛 张思祺 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及摩擦板施工的技术领域,公开了运用摩擦板的抗滑坡道的施工方法,具体步骤如下：1)、在坡道上浇筑混凝土层并制作摩擦位；2)、在摩擦位上安装摩擦板；施工时,在坡道上浇筑混凝土,形成混凝土层,这样有利于在坡道上制作摩擦位,利用与摩擦板相对应的模板体在混凝土层制作摩擦位；摩擦位制作完成后,进行摩擦板的安装,摩擦位中的螺栓将摩擦板固定在摩擦位上,钢板上的多个摩擦钢筋为摩擦板提供良好的摩擦效果,且横向焊接条将摩擦钢筋两侧空腔区域填充,防止泥土或杂物滞留在摩擦板上,从而影响摩擦效果；固定好摩擦板后,通过螺母将摩擦板锁定在摩擦位上,而摩擦钢筋及横向焊接条显露在混凝土层的上方,增强摩擦板的摩擦效果。(The invention relates to the technical field of friction plate construction, and discloses a construction method of an anti-slide ramp by using a friction plate, which comprises the following specific steps: 1) pouring a concrete layer on the ramp and manufacturing a friction position; 2) a friction plate is arranged on the friction position; during construction, concrete is poured on the ramp to form a concrete layer, so that a friction position can be manufactured on the ramp, and the template body corresponding to the friction plate is used for manufacturing the friction position on the concrete layer; after the friction position is manufactured, the friction plate is installed, the friction plate is fixed on the friction position through bolts in the friction position, a plurality of friction steel bars on the steel plate provide good friction effect for the friction plate, and cavity areas on two sides of each friction steel bar are filled with the transverse welding strips, so that mud or sundries are prevented from being retained on the friction plate, and the friction effect is influenced; after the friction plate is fixed, the friction plate is locked on a friction position through a nut, and the friction steel bars and the transverse welding strips are exposed above the concrete layer, so that the friction effect of the friction plate is enhanced.)

1. The construction method of the anti-slide ramp applying the friction plate is characterized by comprising the following construction steps of:

1) the ramp is provided with a friction position needing to be provided with a friction plate, and concrete is poured on the ramp to form a concrete layer; in the process of pouring concrete, a bolt is pre-implanted in the friction position, the lower end of the bolt is fixed in a concrete layer, and the upper end of the bolt extends to the concrete layer to form a connecting section;

2) installing a friction plate on the concrete layer, wherein the friction plate comprises a steel plate, the steel plate is provided with an upper end face which is arranged upwards, a plurality of friction steel bars are welded on the upper end face of the steel plate, two sides of each friction steel bar are respectively provided with a transverse outer side face which extends along the width direction of the concrete layer, a transverse cavity area is formed between each transverse outer side face and the upper end face of the steel plate, a transverse welding strip is welded on each transverse outer side face of each friction steel bar, each transverse welding strip is welded with the upper end face of the steel plate, and the whole transverse cavity area is filled;

the steel plate is abutted against the concrete layer, the connecting section of the bolt penetrates through the steel plate and is connected with the connecting end through the nut, the nut downwards abuts against the upper end face of the steel plate, the steel plate is fixed on the concrete layer, and the friction steel bars and the transverse welding strips are exposed above the concrete layer.

2. The method for constructing a sliding ramp using a friction plate according to claim 1, wherein, in the step 1), a formwork body is disposed at a friction position during the concrete casting process, the formwork body is embedded in the concrete, and after the concrete layer is initially set and the formwork body is removed from the concrete layer, a groove with an open top is formed in the concrete layer; the lower end of the bolt is embedded in the bottom of the groove, and the connecting section of the bolt is exposed at the bottom of the groove; and in the step 2), the steel plate is abutted against the bottom of the groove.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the form body includes a bottom plate and a peripheral plate disposed at a periphery of the bottom plate, the peripheral plate being circumferentially disposed along the periphery of the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the peripheral plate enclosing a top-opening enclosure cavity; the bolt is arranged in the bottom plate in a penetrating mode, the lower end of the bolt is arranged below the bottom plate, and the connecting section of the bolt is exposed in the enclosing cavity;

in the construction step 1), the formwork body is placed on the precast layer after the precast layer is formed by precast on a ramp, the bottom of the formwork body is abutted against the precast layer, the lower end of the bolt is embedded into the precast layer, concrete is poured on the precast layer to form a post-cast layer, and the precast layer and the post-cast layer form the concrete layer.

4. The method of constructing a friction plate operated anti-skid ramp according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the top of the post-cast layer is lower than the top of the outer peripheral plate, and the outer peripheral plate has an extension section extending above the concrete layer.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the outer circumferential plate comprises a plurality of plate bodies, the plurality of plate bodies are sequentially arranged around the outer circumference of the bottom plate, and the plate bodies are movably inserted into the bottom plate from top to bottom; in the construction step 1), when the template body needs to be removed from the concrete layer, the plurality of plate bodies are firstly pulled out of the concrete layer in sequence, and then the bottom plate is taken out of the concrete layer.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein a gap is formed between adjacent plates, a clip is inserted into the gap, an inner end of the clip is disposed in the gap, and an outer end of the clip extends outward from the enclosed cavity and out of the gap; outer spacers extend towards two sides of the outer end of the clamping piece, and the two outer spacers are respectively abutted against the outer side surfaces of the adjacent plate bodies;

in the construction step 1), when the formwork body needs to be removed from the concrete layer, the clamping pieces in the gaps are firstly pulled out of the concrete layer upwards, and then the bottom plate is taken out of the concrete layer after the plurality of plate bodies are sequentially pulled out of the concrete layer.

7. The method of constructing a sliding ramp using a friction plate according to claim 6, wherein the outer spacer has an abutting surface facing the outer surface of the plate body, the abutting surface having a plurality of protrusions projected thereon, the protrusions of the abutting surface abutting against the outer surface of the plate body when the clip is inserted into the gap.

8. A method of constructing an anti-skid ramp using a friction plate as defined in any one of claims 5 to 6, wherein a plurality of upwardly extending insertion posts are provided on said bottom plate, a plurality of said insertion posts are circumferentially arranged around said bottom plate, and an insertion hole with an open bottom is provided at the bottom of said plate body, and said plate body is movably connected to said bottom plate by inserting said insertion posts of said bottom plate into said insertion holes;

in the construction step 1), when the bottom plate needs to be taken out of the concrete layer, the two clamping heads are used for correspondingly clamping the two oppositely arranged inserting columns respectively, and the bottom plate is taken out of the concrete layer.

9. The method of constructing a sliding ramp using friction plates according to claim 1, wherein the plate body has an outer side wall facing away from the enclosed cavity, the outer side wall of the plate body is offset from the outer periphery of the plate body after the bottom of the plate body is abutted against the bottom plate, and the grooves are arranged in a vertical size after the formwork body is removed from the concrete layer in the construction step 1).

10. The method of constructing a slip ramp using a friction plate according to claim 2, wherein in the constructing step 2), after the steel plate is installed in the groove, a space is formed between the steel plate and an inner side wall of the groove, and the space is filled with an elastic strip.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of friction plate construction, in particular to a construction method of an anti-slide ramp by using a friction plate.

Background

In recent years, foundation pits in house construction engineering projects are deeper and larger, so trestles and ramps are widely applied to foundation pit earth and stone excavation engineering. Limited by engineering construction conditions, the trestle and the ramp used for foundation pit excavation are generally long in design length and large in slope rate, so that a large potential safety hazard exists when a mud head vehicle is transported on the trestle by earthwork, the excavation time span of the earthwork of the foundation pit is large, rainwater weather can be met in excavation engineering, the mud head vehicle is easy to slip on the trestle and the ramp, and the serious potential safety hazard exists.

The antiskid effect of traditional antislip strip reinforcing bar is not ideal, and the used reinforcing bar of this technique is disposable, unable cyclic utilization. The project is cost saving, the diameter of the adopted steel bar is generally not more than 20mm, half of the steel bar is embedded into the concrete, and the height of the steel bar exposed outside is generally not more than 10mm, so that the anti-skid effect is extremely undesirable.

In the actual construction process, the antiskid bar reinforcing steel bars can be buried too deeply or too shallowly, the antiskid effect is almost zero when the antiskid bar reinforcing steel bars are buried too deeply, and the reinforcing steel bars are easy to fall off when the antiskid bar reinforcing steel bars are buried too shallowly. In daily use, contained angle is pressed from both sides mud easily between reinforcing bar and concrete, can seriously reduce the antiskid effect of antislip strip, consequently needs real-time maintenance and clearance, and the friction steel bar that uses moreover can only disposable, can not recycle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction method of an anti-slide ramp related to a friction plate, and aims to solve the problem that friction steel bars cannot be recycled in the prior art.

The invention is realized in this way, and the construction method of the anti-slide ramp using the friction plate is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:

1) the ramp is provided with a friction position needing to be provided with a friction plate, and concrete is poured on the ramp to form a concrete layer; in the process of pouring concrete, a bolt is pre-implanted in the friction position, the lower end of the bolt is fixed in a concrete layer, and the upper end of the bolt extends to the concrete layer to form a connecting section;

2) installing a friction plate on the concrete layer, wherein the friction plate comprises a steel plate, the steel plate is provided with an upper end face which is arranged upwards, a plurality of friction steel bars are welded on the upper end face of the steel plate, two sides of each friction steel bar are respectively provided with a transverse outer side face which extends along the width direction of the concrete layer, a transverse cavity area is formed between each transverse outer side face and the upper end face of the steel plate, a transverse welding strip is welded on each transverse outer side face of each friction steel bar, each transverse welding strip is welded with the upper end face of the steel plate, and the whole transverse cavity area is filled;

the steel plate is abutted against the concrete layer, the connecting section of the bolt penetrates through the steel plate and is connected with the connecting end through the nut, the nut downwards abuts against the upper end face of the steel plate, the steel plate is fixed on the concrete layer, and the friction steel bars and the transverse welding strips are exposed above the concrete layer.

Further, as in the step 1), in the process of pouring concrete, a template body is arranged at a friction position, the template body is embedded in the concrete, after the concrete layer is initially set, the template body is removed from the concrete layer, and a groove with an open top is formed in the concrete layer; the lower end of the bolt is embedded in the bottom of the groove, and the connecting section of the bolt is exposed at the bottom of the groove; and in the step 2), the steel plate is abutted against the bottom of the groove.

Further, the template body comprises a bottom plate and a peripheral plate arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate, the peripheral plate is arranged around the periphery of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate and the peripheral plate enclose to form an enclosing cavity with an open top; the bolt is arranged in the bottom plate in a penetrating mode, the lower end of the bolt is arranged below the bottom plate, and the connecting section of the bolt is exposed in the enclosing cavity;

in the construction step 1), the formwork body is placed on the precast layer after the precast layer is formed by precast on a ramp, the bottom of the formwork body is abutted against the precast layer, the lower end of the bolt is embedded into the precast layer, concrete is poured on the precast layer to form a post-cast layer, and the precast layer and the post-cast layer form the concrete layer.

Further, in the construction step 1), the top of the post-cast layer is lower than the top of the outer peripheral plate, and the outer peripheral plate is provided with an extension section extending above the concrete layer.

Furthermore, the peripheral plate comprises a plurality of plate bodies, the plate bodies are sequentially arranged along the periphery of the bottom plate in a surrounding manner, and the plate bodies are movably inserted on the bottom plate from top to bottom; in the construction step 1), when the template body needs to be removed from the concrete layer, the plurality of plate bodies are firstly pulled out of the concrete layer in sequence, and then the bottom plate is taken out of the concrete layer.

Furthermore, a gap is formed between the adjacent plate bodies, a clamping piece is inserted into the gap, the inner end of the clamping piece is arranged in the gap, and the outer end of the clamping piece deviates from the enclosing cavity and extends outwards out of the gap; outer spacers extend towards two sides of the outer end of the clamping piece, and the two outer spacers are respectively abutted against the outer side surfaces of the adjacent plate bodies;

in the construction step 1), when the formwork body needs to be removed from the concrete layer, the clamping pieces in the gaps are firstly pulled out of the concrete layer upwards, and then the bottom plate is taken out of the concrete layer after the plurality of plate bodies are sequentially pulled out of the concrete layer.

Furthermore, outer spacer has the orientation the butt face of the lateral surface of plate body, the butt face epirelief is equipped with a plurality of archs, works as the clamping piece is inserted and is established back in the clearance, the protruding butt of butt face is in on the lateral surface of plate body.

Furthermore, a plurality of inserting columns extending upwards are arranged on the bottom plate, the inserting columns are arranged in a surrounding mode along the circumferential direction of the bottom plate, inserting holes with openings at the bottom are formed in the bottom of the plate body, and the plate body is movably connected to the bottom plate by inserting the inserting columns of the bottom plate into the inserting holes;

in the construction step 1), when the bottom plate needs to be taken out of the concrete layer, the two clamping heads are used for correspondingly clamping the two oppositely arranged inserting columns respectively, and the bottom plate is taken out of the concrete layer.

Furthermore, the plate body is provided with an outer side wall deviating from the enclosing cavity, the bottom of the plate body is abutted against the bottom plate, the outer side wall of the plate body deviates from the periphery of the plate body, and in the construction step 1), after the template body is detached from the concrete layer, the groove is arranged in a shape of a big end up.

Further, in the construction step 2), after the steel plate is installed in the groove, a gap is formed between the steel plate and the inner side wall of the groove, and the gap is filled with an elastic strip.

Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the anti-sliding ramp of the friction plate provided by the invention has the advantages that during construction, concrete is poured on the ramp to form a concrete layer, so that the friction position can be conveniently manufactured on the ramp, and the template body corresponding to the friction plate is utilized to manufacture the friction position on the concrete layer; after the friction position is manufactured, the friction plate is installed, the friction plate is fixed on the friction position through bolts in the friction position, a plurality of friction steel bars on the steel plate provide good friction effect for the friction plate, and cavity areas on two sides of each friction steel bar are filled with the transverse welding strips, so that mud or sundries are prevented from being retained on the friction plate, and the friction effect is influenced; after the friction plate is fixed, the friction plate is locked on a friction position through a nut, and the friction steel bars and the transverse welding strips are exposed above the concrete layer, so that the friction effect of the friction plate is enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction steps of the construction method of the anti-skid ramp using the friction plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a friction plate of the construction method of the anti-skid ramp using the friction plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a friction plate according to the method of the present invention for constructing a slide-resistant ramp using the friction plate;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the friction plate after installation in the method of constructing a slide-resistant ramp using the friction plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cut-away view of the form body and the plate body of the method for constructing a slide-resistant ramp using a friction plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a clip of the construction method of the anti-skid ramp using the friction plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the plate body clamped by the clips in the method of constructing a slide-resistant ramp using a friction plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the elastic strip of the construction method of the anti-skid ramp using the friction plate according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.

Referring to fig. 1-8, preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown.

The construction method of the anti-slide ramp applying the friction plate comprises the following construction steps:

1) firstly, pouring concrete on the ramp to form a concrete layer 300 for installing the friction plate; in the process of pouring concrete on the ramp, bolts 200 are required to be implanted in advance at the friction positions, the lower ends of the bolts 200 are fixed in the concrete layer 300, and the upper ends of the bolts 200 extend above the concrete layer 300, so that a connecting section is formed and preparation is made for installing friction plates;

2) after the concrete is solidified, installing a friction plate on the concrete layer 300, wherein the friction plate comprises a steel plate 100, the steel plate 100 is provided with an upper end face which is arranged upwards, a plurality of friction steel bars 101 are welded on the upper end face of the steel plate 100, and the friction steel bars 101 provide friction effect for the friction plate; the two sides of the friction steel bar 101 are respectively provided with a transverse outer side surface extending along the width direction of the concrete layer 300, a transverse cavity area is formed between the transverse outer side surface of the friction steel bar and the upper end surface of the steel plate 100, in order to fill the transverse cavity area, the transverse outer side surface of the friction steel bar 101 is welded with a transverse welding strip 102, the transverse welding strip 102 is welded with the upper end surface of the steel plate 100, and the whole transverse cavity area is filled;

then, the lower end surface of the steel plate 100 is abutted against the concrete layer 300, and the connecting section of the bolt 200 fixed to the concrete layer 300 penetrates through the steel plate 100 to fix the steel plate 100; finally, the nut 103 is connected with the connecting end, the nut 103 is pressed against the upper end face of the steel plate 100 downwards, the steel plate 100 is fixed on the concrete layer 300, and the friction steel bars 101 and the transverse welding strips 102 are exposed above the concrete layer 300, so that the friction effect of the friction plate is enhanced.

Through the construction steps, when the construction method of the anti-slip ramp of the friction plate is applied, concrete is poured on the ramp to form the concrete layer 300, so that the friction position can be conveniently manufactured on the ramp, and the template body 400 corresponding to the friction plate is used for manufacturing the friction position on the concrete layer 300; after the friction position is manufactured, the friction plate is installed, the friction plate is fixed on the friction position through bolts 200 in the friction position, a plurality of friction steel bars 101 on the steel plate 100 provide good friction effect for the friction plate, and cavity areas on two sides of the friction steel bars 101 are filled with the transverse welding strips 102, so that mud or sundries are prevented from being retained on the friction plate, and the friction effect is influenced; after the friction plate is fixed, the friction plate is locked at the friction position through the nut 103, and the friction steel bar 101 and the transverse welding strip 102 are exposed above the concrete layer 300, so that the friction effect of the friction plate is enhanced.

In the step 1), in the process of pouring concrete on the ramp, the friction position is correspondingly provided with the template body 400, and after the concrete is poured, the template body 400 is embedded in the concrete to manufacture the friction position; after the concrete layer 300 is initially set, the template body 400 is removed from the concrete layer 300, and a groove with an open top is formed in the concrete layer 300 and is used for installing a friction plate; the lower end of the bolt 200 is embedded in the bottom of the groove, and the connecting section of the bolt 200 is exposed at the bottom of the groove and used for inserting the steel plate 100 for fixing; in said step 2), the steel plate 100 abuts against the bottom of the groove, and the bolt 200 fixes the steel plate 100 in the groove.

Specifically, the template body 400 comprises a bottom plate 401 and a peripheral plate disposed at the periphery of the bottom plate 401, wherein the peripheral plate is circumferentially arranged along the periphery of the bottom plate 401, and the bottom plate 401 and the peripheral plate enclose to form an enclosed cavity with an open top, which facilitates the installation of the friction plate and facilitates the removal of the template body 400 from the groove; the bolt 200 is arranged in a bottom plate 401 in a penetrating mode, the lower end of the bolt 200 is arranged below the bottom plate 401, and the connecting section of the bolt 200 is exposed in the enclosed cavity, so that the bolt 200 is implanted in the arrangement position of concrete;

in the construction step 1), concrete is firstly precast on a slope, after a precast layer is formed, the template body 400 is placed on the precast layer, the bottom of the template body 400 abuts against the precast layer, then the lower end of the bolt 200 is embedded into the precast layer, the position of a friction position is preliminarily fixed, and then the concrete is poured on the precast layer, so that a post-cast layer is formed, and thus, the precast layer and the post-cast layer form a concrete layer 300, and a groove is formed at the position of the template body 400.

In the construction step 1), the top of the post-cast layer is lower than the top of the outer peripheral plate, which is advantageous for taking out the formwork body 400 after the friction site is manufactured, and the outer peripheral plate has an extension section extending above the concrete layer 300, and the extension section is used for taking out the formwork body 400.

The outer peripheral plate comprises a plurality of plate bodies 402, and the plate bodies 402 are sequentially arranged along the periphery of the bottom plate 401 in a surrounding manner, so that the outer peripheral plate is convenient to disassemble, and the plate bodies 402 are movably inserted on the bottom plate 401 from top to bottom, thereby forming a protective wall of the template body 400; in the construction step 1), when the formwork body 400 needs to be removed from the concrete layer 300, the plurality of plate bodies 402 are firstly pulled out from the concrete layer 300 in sequence, and then the bottom plate 401 is taken out from the concrete layer 300.

A gap is formed between adjacent plate bodies 402, a clamping piece 500 is inserted into the gap, the inner end of the clamping piece 500 is arranged in the gap, the outer end of the clamping piece 500 deviates from the enclosing cavity, and the outer end of the clamping piece extends outwards to form the gap, so that when the plate bodies 402 need to be taken out, the clamping piece 500 can be clamped to take out the plate bodies 402; outer spacers 501 extend towards two sides of the outer end of the clip 500, and the two outer spacers 501 are respectively abutted against the outer side surfaces of the adjacent plate bodies 402;

in the construction step 1), when the formwork body 400 needs to be removed from the concrete layer 300, the middle clamping pieces 500 in the gap are firstly pulled out of the concrete layer 300, then the plurality of plate bodies 402 are sequentially pulled out of the concrete layer 300, and then the bottom plate 401 is taken out of the concrete layer 300.

The outer spacer 501 further has an abutting surface facing the outer side surface of the plate 402, and the abutting surface is provided with a plurality of protrusions in a protruding manner, and the protrusions have an abutting effect; when the clip 500 is inserted into the gap, the protrusions of the abutment surfaces abut against the outer side surface of the plate body 402.

A plurality of inserting columns 403 which extend upwards are arranged on a bottom plate 401 of the template body 400, the inserting columns 403 are arranged around the circumference of the bottom plate 401, inserting holes 404 with an opening at the bottom are arranged at the bottom of the plate body 402, and the inserting holes 404 are used for inserting the inserting columns 403 on the bottom plate 401; the plate body 402 is movably connected to the base plate 401 by inserting the insertion posts 403 of the base plate 401 into the insertion holes 404 of the plate body 402;

in the construction step 1), when the bottom plate 401 needs to be taken out of the concrete layer 300, the two clamping heads are used for correspondingly clamping two oppositely arranged inserting columns 403 respectively, and the bottom plate 401 is taken out of the concrete layer 300.

The plate body 402 has an outer side wall deviating from the enclosing cavity, and after the bottom of the plate body 402 abuts against the bottom plate 401, the outer side wall of the plate body 402 deviates from the periphery of the plate body 402, and in the construction step 1), after the formwork body 400 is detached from the concrete layer 300, the groove is arranged in a shape of big end up and small end down. In the construction step 2), after the steel plate 100 is installed in the groove, a gap is formed between the steel plate 100 and the inner side wall of the groove, and the gap is filled with the elastic strip 600, so that the gap is beneficial to installation and removal of the steel plate 100 in the groove, and the elastic strip 600 can fix the steel plate 100 in the gap and can move in a small range.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.