阅读说明：本技术 一种永磁体与弹簧双向保持机构 (Permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism ) 是由 姜文涛 于 2021-09-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种永磁体和弹簧双向保持机构,属于断路器操动机构领域,包括永磁保持单元、弹簧保持单元、连接杆、电磁斥力推动单元四部分。连接杆在电磁斥力推动单元驱动下实现上下运动,连接杆向上运动到合闸位置时,永磁保持单元与弹簧保持单元共同提供合闸保持力,连接杆向下运动到分闸位置时,弹簧保持单元提供分闸保持力,本发明专利可以实现断路器操动机构的小型化和集约化,可以有效提高开关分闸速度,缩短燃弧时间,减轻触头烧蚀,提高断路器开断能力；另外在永磁体保持部分的基础上增加了弹簧保持的应用设计,在合闸过程中减少了合闸弹跳,使整体机构在合闸过程中可靠性得到提高,成为实现断路器免维护的关键一步。(The invention relates to a permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism, which belongs to the field of circuit breaker operating mechanisms and comprises a permanent magnet retaining unit, a spring retaining unit, a connecting rod and an electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit. The connecting rod is driven by the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit to move up and down, when the connecting rod moves upwards to a switching-on position, the permanent magnet retaining unit and the spring retaining unit provide switching-on retaining force together, and when the connecting rod moves downwards to a switching-off position, the spring retaining unit provides switching-off retaining force; in addition, the application design of spring holding is added on the basis of the permanent magnet holding part, and the closing bounce is reduced in the closing process, so that the reliability of the whole mechanism is improved in the closing process, and the maintenance-free application of the circuit breaker is realized.)

1. A permanent magnet and spring bidirectional holding mechanism is characterized by comprising four parts, namely an electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit, a permanent magnet holding unit, a spring holding unit and a connecting rod; the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit and the permanent magnet holding unit are connected with the spring holding unit through connecting rods, wherein the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit is arranged at the upper position, the permanent magnet holding unit is arranged at the middle position, and the spring holding unit is arranged at the lower position; the connecting rod is driven by the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit to move up and down; when the connecting rod moves downwards to a certain position, the spring holding unit applies downward holding force to the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves upwards to a certain position, the permanent magnet retaining unit and the spring retaining unit jointly exert an upward retaining force on the connecting rod.

2. The bidirectional permanent magnet and spring holding mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit comprises a brake opening coil disc, a metal repulsion disc, a support member and a brake closing coil disc; the opening coil panel is connected with the closing coil panel through the supporting piece, and a first distance is reserved between the opening coil panel and the closing coil panel; the metal repulsion plate is fixed on the connecting rod; the opening coil panel, the closing coil panel and the metal repulsion panel are coaxial.

3. The bidirectional permanent magnet and spring holding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet holding unit comprises a movable iron core, a holding unit casing, a permanent magnet, a magnetic conduction ring and a base; the movable iron core is fixed on the connecting rod; the base is arranged above the inner bottom surface of the holding unit shell; the permanent magnet is placed in the holding unit shell and adsorbed on the inner side surface of the holding unit shell; the magnetic conductive ring is adsorbed on the inner side surface of the permanent magnet; the holding unit shell, the permanent magnet and the magnetic conduction ring are coaxial.

4. The bidirectional permanent magnet and spring holding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the spring holding unit comprises a spring, a fixed base and a fixed member; the fixing piece and the connecting rod are concentric; the upper end of the spring is fixed with the connecting rod through the fixing piece; the lower end of the spring is fixed with the fixed base together.

5. A permanent magnet and spring bi-directional retention mechanism according to claim 3 wherein said base is made of a non-metallic material.

6. The bidirectional permanent magnet and spring holding mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the number of the springs in the spring holding unit is 2 or more, and the springs are arranged in a circumferential array around the connecting rod.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism, and belongs to the field of circuit breaker quick operating mechanisms.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of smart power grids and the development of power systems, particularly large ship power supply systems, photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid systems, urban rail transit power supply systems and other direct-current systems are developed greatly, and direct-current power distribution is paid more and more attention. With the continuous increase of the capacity of the direct current system and the continuous improvement of the voltage level, the on-off index is also continuously improved. Although the traditional mechanical switch has the advantages of strong load carrying capacity and stable conduction, the response speed is slow, generally about tens of ms, and the requirement of occasions needing quick on-off actions cannot be met; the power electronic switch has high response speed, but has overlarge on-state loss and low voltage endurance capability. The hybrid direct-current circuit breaker requires a quick mechanical switch to realize high-speed separation of contacts, and simultaneously requires the quick mechanical switch to obtain the initial speed as large as possible to form an insulation gap as soon as possible so as to resist a very high transient recovery voltage appearing between fractures of the mechanical circuit breaker later. In the current stage, a permanent magnet mechanism is mostly used for the quick mechanical switch, the mechanism and a driving loop have large volume and high cost, and the miniaturization and intensification of the circuit breaker are not facilitated. At present, electromagnetic repulsion force fast mechanical switches at the present stage are mostly in theoretical research and principle prototype stages, no reliable engineering application case exists, and the development and the use of a hybrid direct current circuit breaker are seriously influenced.

For example, chinese patent with application number CN201620362749.5 discloses a fast switch based on permanent magnet holding mechanism, which comprises a repulsion mechanism and a permanent magnet mechanism, and comprises an upper guide rod, a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, a middle guide rod, an insulator, a lower guide rod and a movable iron core for holding, which are connected in sequence, and is characterized in that: a repulsion plate is sleeved on the lower guide rod, an opening coil is arranged above the repulsion plate, and a closing coil is arranged below the repulsion plate; an upper holding stationary core is attached to the upper holding movable core, a closing holding permanent magnet is attached to the middle of the upper holding stationary core, a lower holding stationary core is attached to the lower holding movable core, and a switching-off holding permanent magnet is attached to the middle of the lower holding stationary core. The permanent magnet holding part is used for providing switching-off holding force and switching-on holding force for an arc extinguish chamber contact in the circuit breaker, so that the circuit breaker is in a stable switching-off state or a stable switching-on state; the electromagnetic repulsion operating part provides electromagnetic force in the opening and closing operation process, so that the breaker is changed from opening to closing or from closing to opening. But above-mentioned fast switch uses the permanent magnet of upper and lower structure to provide the holding power, and this structure has the potential safety hazard because can produce very big impact force at the iron core fast movement in-process that moves, leads to the permanent magnet breakage very easily, is unfavorable for circuit breaker non-maintaining nature and reliability.

Disclosure of Invention

Object of the Invention

The invention aims to provide a mechanism for bidirectionally retaining a permanent magnet and a spring, namely, the permanent magnet and the spring jointly provide upward closing retaining force in the closing process, and the spring only provides the retaining force in the opening process.

Technical scheme

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism, including four portions, namely an electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit, a permanent magnet retaining unit, a spring retaining unit, and a connecting rod;

the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit and the permanent magnet holding unit are connected with the spring holding unit through connecting rods, the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit is arranged at the upper position, the permanent magnet holding unit is arranged at the middle position, and the spring holding unit is arranged at the lower position; the connecting rod is driven by the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit to move up and down; when the connecting rod moves downwards to a certain position, the spring holding unit applies downward holding force to the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves upwards to a certain position, the permanent magnet retaining unit and the spring retaining unit jointly exert an upward retaining force on the connecting rod.

Further, the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit comprises a brake separating coil panel, a metal repulsion panel, a support member and a brake closing coil panel;

the opening coil panel and the closing coil panel are connected through the supporting piece, and a first distance is reserved between the opening coil panel and the closing coil panel; the metal repulsion plate is fixed on the insulating pull rod; the opening coil panel, the closing coil panel and the metal repulsion panel are coaxial.

Further, the permanent magnet holding unit comprises a movable iron core, a holding unit shell, a permanent magnet, a magnetic conduction ring and a base;

the movable iron core is fixed on the connecting rod; the base is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the holding unit shell; the permanent magnet is placed in the holding unit shell and adsorbed on the inner side surface of the holding unit shell; the magnetic conductive ring is adsorbed on the inner side surface of the permanent magnet; the holding unit shell, the permanent magnet and the magnetic conduction ring are coaxial.

Further, the spring holding unit comprises a spring, a fixed base and a fixed piece;

wherein the fixing piece and the connecting rod are concentric; the upper end of the spring is fixed with the connecting rod through the fixing piece; the lower end of the spring is fixed with the fixed base together.

Further, the base is made of a non-metallic material.

Further, the number of the springs in the spring holding unit is two or more; the springs are arranged in a circumferential array around the connecting rod.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides the permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism for the circuit breaker, which has high reliability, can effectively shorten the arcing time, reduce the ablation of contacts and improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker. In addition, the application design of the spring holding structure is added on the basis of the permanent magnet holding part, the independent adjustment of the opening and closing holding force of the circuit breaker can be realized, the closing bounce is reduced in the closing process, the reliability of the whole mechanism is improved in the closing process, and the maintenance-free permanent magnet holding structure becomes a key step for realizing the circuit breaker.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet and spring bidirectional holding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

the specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism in a first embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism includes a connecting rod 100, an electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit 200, a permanent magnet retaining unit 300, and a spring retaining unit 400; wherein, a round hole is arranged between the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit 200 and the permanent magnet holding unit 300, the two are connected through the connecting rod 100, and the spring holding unit 400 is connected with the connecting rod 100 through the fixing piece 403; the positions of the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit 200 and the permanent magnet holding unit 300 are arranged up and down, the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit 200 is arranged above, the permanent magnet holding unit 300 is arranged below, and the spring holding unit 400 is arranged below the permanent magnet holding unit 300; the connecting rod 100 is driven by the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit 200 to move up and down, wherein when the connecting rod 100 moves down to a certain position, the spring holding unit 400 applies a downward holding force to the connecting rod 100; when the connecting rod 100 moves upward to a certain position, the permanent magnet holding unit 300 and the spring holding unit 400 together apply an upward holding force to the connecting rod 100.

The technical scheme has the advantages that the whole weight of the operating mechanism is light, the permanent magnet retaining unit and the spring retaining unit can provide enough retaining force at the opening and closing positions of the circuit breaker, in addition, the independent adjustment of the opening and closing retaining force of the circuit breaker can be realized, the contact separation can not be caused by the action of vibration or short-circuit current electric force, and the ablation of the contact when the circuit breaker tolerates the short-circuit current is avoided.

Further, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a permanent magnet and spring bidirectional retaining mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit 200 includes a switching-off coil panel 201, a metal repulsion panel 202, a support member 203, and a switching-on coil panel 204; the opening coil panel 201 is connected with the closing coil panel 204 through a support member 203; the opening coil disc 201 and the closing coil disc 204 are separated by a first distance, the first distance needs to be determined according to the opening distance requirement of an arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker, for example, the circuit breaker is 10kV, the distance is 9mm, and the size of the first distance is not limited by the application; the metal repulsion plate 202 is fixed on the connection rod 100; the opening coil panel 201, the closing coil panel 204 and the metal repulsion panel 202 are coaxial and are arranged in an upper-middle-lower structure; when the breaker connected with the mechanism is opened, the opening coil disc 201 is electrified, an eddy current effect is generated between the opening coil disc 201 and the metal repulsion disc 202, a downward repulsion force is generated between the opening coil disc 201 and the metal repulsion disc 202, the connecting rod 100 and the metal repulsion disc 202 are subjected to a downward acting force, and the connecting rod drives the repulsion disc to move downwards until the opening position of the breaker is reached, so that the breaker is ensured to be successfully opened; when a breaker connected with the mechanism is switched on, the switching-on coil disc 204 is electrified, an eddy current effect is generated between the switching-on coil disc 204 and the metal repulsion disc 202, an upward repulsion force is generated between the switching-on coil disc 204 and the metal repulsion disc 202, the connecting rod 100 and the metal repulsion disc 202 are subjected to an upward acting force, and the connecting rod drives the metal repulsion disc to move upwards until the switching-on position of the breaker is reached, so that the breaker is ensured to be switched on successfully.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 2, the permanent magnet holding unit 300 includes a movable iron core 301, a holding unit housing 302, a permanent magnet 303, a magnetic conductive ring 304, and a base 305; wherein, the movable iron core 301 is fixed on the connecting rod 100; the base 305 is placed above the inner bottom surface of the holding unit case 302; the permanent magnet 303 is placed inside the holding unit case 302 and is attracted to the inner side surface of the holding unit case 302; the magnetic conductive ring 304 is adsorbed on the inner side surface of the permanent magnet 303; the unit shell 302, the permanent magnet 303 and the magnetic conduction ring 304 are kept coaxial; base 305 is made of a non-metallic material; when the breaker connected with the mechanism is in a switching-on position, the holding unit shell 302, the permanent magnet 303 and the magnetic conductive ring 304 form a magnetic circuit to provide switching-on holding force for the breaker; when the circuit breaker connected with the mechanism is in the opening position, the base 305 is made of a material which cannot conduct magnetism, so that a magnetic circuit formed by the shell 302 of the holding unit, the permanent magnet 303 and the magnetic conduction ring 304 is isolated by the base 305, and therefore the permanent magnet holding unit 300 at the position cannot provide opening holding force for the circuit breaker.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 2, the spring holding unit 400 includes a spring 401, a fixing base 402, and a fixing piece 403; the fixing member 403 is concentric with the connecting rod 100; the upper end of the spring 401 is fixed with the connecting rod 100 through a fixing member 403; the lower end of the spring 401 is fixed with the fixed base 402; wherein the number of the springs 401 is 2 or more, and the springs are arranged in a circumferential array around the connecting rod 100.

When the circuit breaker connected with the mechanism executes the opening operation, at the moment, the metal repulsion plate 202 and the opening coil plate 201 are close together, the spring 401 is in an upward triangular state, the spring 401 and the permanent magnet holding unit 300 jointly provide upward holding force to close the contact of the circuit breaker, the opening coil plate 201 and the metal repulsion plate 202 generate an eddy current effect by electrifying the opening coil plate 201, a downward repulsion force is generated between the opening coil plate 201 and the metal repulsion plate 202, when the downward repulsion force applied to the connecting rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 is greater than the upward resultant force of the spring 401 and the permanent magnet holding unit 300, the connecting rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 move downward to drive the moving contact of the circuit breaker to move downward, when the force direction of the spring 401 is changed to be downward when the connecting rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 move downward, until the opening position of the circuit breaker is reached to stop moving, at the moment, the spring 401 is in a downward triangular state, and applying a downward acting force to the connecting rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 to keep the connecting rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 at the opening position, so as to realize the opening operation of the circuit breaker.

When a circuit breaker connected with the mechanism performs a closing operation, at the moment, the metal repulsion plate 202 and the closing coil plate 204 are close together, the spring 401 is in a downward triangular state and provides downward holding force to disconnect a contact of the circuit breaker, the closing coil plate 204 is electrified, an eddy current effect is generated between the closing coil plate 204 and the metal repulsion plate 202, an upward repulsion force is generated between the connection rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202, when the upward repulsion force applied to the connection rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 is greater than the downward force of the spring 401, the connection rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 move upwards to drive a moving contact of the circuit breaker to move upwards, when the connection rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 move to a middle position, the connection rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 continue to move upwards until the closing position of the circuit breaker is reached to stop moving, at the moment, the spring 401 is in an upward triangular state, and exerts an upward acting force on the connection rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 together with the permanent magnet holding unit 300 to keep the connection rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 to keep the connection rod 100 and the metal repulsion plate 202 to keep the connection rod 100 and keep the metal repulsion plate 202 to keep the connection rod 100 in an upward acting force And at the switching-on position, the switching-on operation of the circuit breaker is realized.

In the embodiment of the invention, the connecting rod, the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit, the permanent magnet holding unit and the spring holding unit are effectively combined, so that the opening and closing speed of the switch can be improved, the arcing time is shortened, the ablation of a contact is reduced, and the opening and closing capacity of the circuit breaker is improved. In addition, the spring holding unit can generate enough opening and closing holding force and buffering force through the plurality of springs to ensure the reliability of the operating mechanism, and becomes a key step for realizing the maintenance-free of the circuit breaker.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.