阅读说明：本技术 一种液氦温区过滤节流蒸发一体化装置 (Liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device ) 是由 刘少帅 吴亦农 陈志超 蒋珍华 丁磊 潘小珊 曲晓萍 杨宝玉 黄政 陆志 于 2021-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种液氦温区过滤节流蒸发一体化装置。装置包括过滤单元,节流单元和蒸发单元。过滤单元用于过滤节流前的固体杂质颗粒,防止固体颗粒堵塞节流孔板上的节流小孔。节流单元中,节流法兰用于将节流孔板固定在节流基座上,节流孔板一侧布置密封银环,在紧固螺丝的作用下密封银环发生形变,起到密封的作用。蒸发单元内部的蒸发器内芯为多层丝网或多孔介质,可以有效地提高蒸发单元的换热效率,蒸发器外壳可加工成多种外形结构,利于与探测器和冷链等接口耦合。本发明的优点在于将过滤单元,节流单元和蒸发单元集成于一体,结构紧凑,有效地解决了液氦温区节流制冷机节流孔板堵塞的问题,提高液氦温区节流制冷机运行稳定性。(The invention discloses a liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device. The device comprises a filtering unit, a throttling unit and an evaporation unit. The filtering unit is used for filtering solid impurity particles before throttling and preventing the solid particles from blocking the small throttling hole on the throttling orifice plate. In the throttling unit, a throttling flange is used for fixing a throttling orifice plate on a throttling base, a sealing silver ring is arranged on one side of the throttling orifice plate, and the sealing silver ring deforms under the action of a fastening screw to play a role in sealing. The inner core of the evaporator in the evaporation unit is a multi-layer wire mesh or a porous medium, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporation unit can be effectively improved, and the outer shell of the evaporator can be processed into various shapes and structures, so that the evaporator is favorably coupled with interfaces such as a detector and a cold chain. The invention has the advantages that the filtering unit, the throttling unit and the evaporation unit are integrated into a whole, the structure is compact, the problem of blockage of the throttling orifice plate of the throttling refrigerator in the liquid helium temperature region is effectively solved, and the operation stability of the throttling refrigerator in the liquid helium temperature region is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a liquid helium warm area filters throttle evaporation integrated device, includes filter unit (1), throttle unit (2) and evaporation unit (3), its characterized in that:

the filtering unit (1), the throttling unit (2) and the evaporation unit (3) are sequentially welded with the interface into a whole through the pipeline, high-pressure helium gas enters the throttling unit (2) after being filtered by the filtering unit (1), the high-pressure helium gas in the throttling unit (2) is throttled to become a low-pressure two-phase helium working medium, and then the two-phase helium working medium enters the evaporation unit (3) for heat exchange, so that the evaporation unit (3) reaches a liquid helium temperature region and can provide certain cold.

2. The liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filter unit (1) comprises a filter shell (1.1) and a filter inner core (1.2), wherein the filter shell (1.1) comprises a filter inlet interface (1.1.1) and a filter outlet interface (1.1.2). The filtering inlet interface (1.1.1) is connected with an incoming flow high-pressure helium pipeline in a welding mode, the filter inner core (1.2) is arranged in the filter shell (1.1), and the high-pressure helium enters the throttling unit (2) through the filtering outlet interface (1.1.2) after solid particles are filtered by the filter inner core (1.2).

3. The liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the throttling unit (2) comprises a throttling flange (2.1), a throttling orifice plate (2.2), a sealing silver ring (2.3) and a throttling base (2.4), the throttling flange (2.1) comprises a throttling flange boss (2.1.1) and a throttling inlet interface (2.1.2), and the throttling base (2.4) comprises a throttling base concave hole (2.4.1) and a throttling outlet interface (2.4.2); after being filtered by the filtering unit (1), the high-pressure helium enters the throttling unit (2) through a throttling inlet interface (2.1.2). One side of the throttling orifice plate (2.2) is provided with a sealing silver ring (2.3) and is placed in a throttling base concave hole (2.4.1), the throttling flange (2.1) is connected with the throttling base (2.4) through welding, the connection tightness is ensured, and the throttling flange boss (2.1.1) extrudes the sealing silver ring (2.3) under the action of fastening force to deform the sealing silver ring (2.3) to play a role in sealing. The high-pressure helium is throttled to a two-phase helium working medium by a throttling orifice plate (2.2) and then enters an evaporation unit (3) for heat exchange through a throttling outlet port (2.4.2).

4. The liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the evaporation unit (3) comprises an evaporator shell (3.1) and an evaporator inner core (3.2), wherein the evaporator shell (3.1) comprises an evaporator inlet interface (3.1.1) and an evaporator outlet interface (3.1.2). The two-phase helium working medium throttled by the throttling unit (2) enters the evaporation unit (3) through an evaporator inlet interface (3.1.1); an evaporator inner core (3.2) in the evaporation unit (3) is of a heat exchange strengthening structure and is arranged in an evaporator shell (3.1). The low-pressure helium gas after the heat exchange of the two-phase helium working medium in the evaporator inner core (3.2) flows into the return helium pipeline through the evaporator outlet interface (3.1.2).

5. The liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the filter inner core (1.2) is of a multi-layer wire mesh structure or a porous medium structure, and the pore diameter of the inner core is smaller than that of a small throttling hole on the throttling orifice plate (2.2).

6. The liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the external structure of the evaporator shell (3.1) and the interface form on the surface can be matched with the coupled detector or the low-temperature cold chain.

7. The liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the evaporator inner core (3.2) is of a multi-layer wire mesh structure or a porous medium structure and is in interference fit with the evaporator shell (3.1).

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the field of deep low-temperature refrigeration, and particularly relates to a liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device.

Background art:

the working temperature of the quantum superconducting interference device, the space far infrared detector, the millimeter wave and sub-millimeter wave detector, the space background detection and other space detectors in the space detector is in a liquid helium temperature zone or even an mK temperature zone, wherein the refrigeration of the mK temperature zone needs a liquid helium temperature zone refrigerator for precooling. Compared with the traditional low-temperature refrigeration mode, the pre-cooling type Joule-Thomson (JT) throttling refrigeration mode eliminates mechanical moving parts at the cold end, carries out refrigeration based on JT throttling refrigeration effect and achieves a liquid helium temperature region. The pre-cooling JT refrigerating machine has the advantages of simple structure, small vibration, high reliability and the like. The throttling and evaporating device is a key part of the precooling JT refrigerating machine, and the structure and performance of the throttling and evaporating device directly influence the overall refrigerating performance of the refrigerating machine.

The throttling device plays a throttling role in a precooling JT system, and aims to throttle and reduce the pressure of high-pressure helium to a low-pressure two-phase helium working medium in a liquid helium temperature region. The throttling device most commonly used in the prior precooling type JT refrigerating machine is a throttling orifice plate, and compared with capillary throttling, the device volume of the throttling orifice plate is more compact. However, the throttling orifice has the disadvantage that particles and other solid particles formed by solidification of impurity gas in a pipeline in a liquid helium temperature zone can cause blockage of the throttling orifice, so that the throttling orifice loses the throttling capacity, and finally the failure of the precooling type JT refrigerator is caused. Therefore, it is necessary to add a filtering device before the throttling device for purifying the gas before throttling. The evaporator plays a role of providing cold energy in a refrigeration system, and the throttled two-phase helium working medium evaporates and changes phase in the evaporator to provide the cold energy. The filtering device in the existing precooling type JT refrigerating system is difficult to filter impurity gases with freezing points close to a liquid helium temperature region, such as solid hydrogen, like the filtering device usually arranged on a room temperature pipeline or a two-stage precooling cold head. Meanwhile, the scheme that the filtering device, the throttling device and the evaporator are separately arranged makes the system structure become complex, and reduces the reliability of the device. Therefore, the development of a filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device which is compact in structure, convenient to install, high in reliability and easy to couple with a detector interface is very important.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device which is simple and compact in structure, high in reliability, high in heat exchange efficiency and convenient to couple with a detector, and solves the problems that a throttling and evaporating unit device in the existing deep low-temperature refrigeration system is complex and not compact, low in reliability, low in heat exchange efficiency and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a device integrating liquid helium temperature zone filtration, throttling and evaporation, which comprises a filter shell 1.1 and a filter inner core 1.2 in a filter unit 1; a throttling flange 2.1, a throttling orifice plate 2.2, a sealing silver ring 2.3 and a throttling base 2.4 in the throttling unit 2; an evaporator outer shell 3.1 and an evaporator inner core 3.2 in the evaporation unit 3. The device is characterized in that the filtering unit 1, the throttling unit 2 and the evaporation unit 3 are integrated into a whole, the filtering unit comprises a filter shell 1.1 and a filter inner core 1.2, and the filter shell 1.1 comprises a filtering inlet interface 1.1.1 and a filtering outlet interface 1.1.2; the throttling unit 2 comprises a throttling flange 2.1, a throttling orifice plate 2.2, a sealing silver ring 2.3 and a throttling base 2.4, the throttling flange 2.1 comprises a throttling flange boss 2.1.1 and a throttling inlet interface 2.1.2, and the throttling base 2.4 comprises a throttling base concave hole 2.4.1 and a throttling outlet interface 2.4.2; the evaporator unit 3 comprises an evaporator housing 3.1 and an evaporator core 3.2, the evaporator housing 3.1 comprising an evaporator inlet interface 3.1.1 and an evaporator outlet interface 3.1.2. The filtering inlet interface 1.1.1 is connected with an incoming flow high-pressure helium pipeline, and the high-pressure helium enters the throttling unit 2 after solid particles are filtered by the filter inner core 1.2. The sealing silver ring 2.3 is arranged on one side of the throttling orifice plate 2.2 and is placed in the throttling base concave hole 2.4.1, the throttling flange 2.1 is connected with the throttling base 2.4 through welding, connection tightness is guaranteed, and the throttling flange boss 2.1.1 extrudes the sealing silver ring 2.3 under the action of fastening force to deform and play a role in sealing. The high-pressure helium gas is throttled to a two-phase state by the throttling orifice plate 2.2 and then enters the evaporation unit 3 for heat exchange, an evaporator inner core 3.2 in the evaporation unit 3 is of a reinforced heat exchange structure, and the low-pressure helium gas after heat exchange flows into a low-pressure helium pipeline through an evaporator outlet connector 3.1.2. The filtering unit 1 and the throttling unit 2 are connected with the throttling inlet interface 2.1.3 through the filtering outlet interface 1.1.2 in a welded connection mode, the throttling unit 2 and the evaporation unit 3 are connected with the evaporation inlet interface 3.1.1 through the throttling outlet interface 2.1.2 in a welded connection mode, and the sealing performance of the device can be effectively guaranteed through the welded connection.

The invention has the advantages that: the filtering unit, the throttling unit and the evaporation unit are integrally connected, so that the structure is compact, the reliability is high, and the installation is easy. The filtering function of the filtering unit greatly improves the working reliability of the throttling unit, and is beneficial to the stable operation of the pre-cooling JT refrigerating machine. All parts are connected through welding and sealed by silver rings, so that the sealing performance of the device is effectively ensured. The reinforced heat exchange structure in the evaporator effectively improves the heat exchange performance of the liquid helium temperature zone evaporator, and meanwhile, the shell of the evaporator can be processed into any geometric shape, so that the device is more convenient to couple with the detector.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device of the present invention;

in the figure: 1.1, a filter housing; 1.1.1, a filtration inlet interface; 1.1.2 filtering the outlet interface; 1.2, an inner core of the filter; 2.1, a throttling flange; 2.1.1, throttling flange boss; 2.1.2, a throttling inlet interface; 2.2, a throttle orifice plate; 2.3, sealing the silver ring; 2.4, a throttling base; 2.4.1, a throttling base concave hole; 2.4.2, a throttling outlet interface; 3.1 evaporator shell; 3.2.1, an evaporation inlet interface; 3.1.2, an evaporation outlet interface; 3.2 evaporator inner core

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention is further described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid helium temperature zone filtering, throttling and evaporating integrated device of the invention comprises a filter shell 1.1 and a filter inner core 1.2 in a filter unit 1; a throttling flange 2.1, a throttling orifice plate 2.2, a sealing silver ring 2.3 and a throttling base 2.4 in the throttling unit 2; an evaporator outer shell 3.1 and an evaporator inner core 3.2 in the evaporation unit 3.

The filtering inlet interface 1.1.1 is connected with an incoming flow high-pressure helium pipeline, and the high-pressure helium enters the throttling unit 2 after solid particles are filtered by the filter inner core 1.2. The sealing silver ring 2.3 is arranged on one side of the throttling orifice plate 2.2 and is placed in the throttling base concave hole 2.4.1, the throttling flange 2.1 is connected with the throttling base 2.4 through welding, and the throttling flange boss 2.1.1 extrudes the sealing silver ring 2.3 under the action of fastening force to deform the sealing silver ring 2.3 to play a role in sealing. The high-pressure helium gas is throttled to a two-phase state through a throttling pore on the throttling orifice plate 2.2 and then enters the evaporation unit 3 for heat exchange, an evaporator inner core 3.2 in the evaporation unit 3 is of a reinforced heat exchange structure, and the low-pressure helium gas after heat exchange flows into a low-pressure helium pipeline through an evaporator outlet connector 3.1.2. The evaporator shell 3.1 is provided with a temperature sensor and a heating resistor mounting threaded hole, and the temperature of the evaporator and the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine can be respectively tested. The filtering unit 1 and the throttling unit 2 are connected with the throttling inlet interface 2.1.3 through the filtering outlet interface 1.1.2 in a welded connection mode, the throttling unit 2 and the evaporation unit 3 are connected with the evaporation inlet interface 3.1.1 through the throttling outlet interface 2.1.2 in a welded connection mode, and the sealing performance of the device can be effectively guaranteed through the welded connection.

Finally, it should be noted that: it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to illustrate the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.