阅读说明：本技术 一种作物生长信息智能传感器 (Crop growth information intelligent sensor ) 是由 张文宇 刘乃森 曹宏鑫 刘福霞 葛道阔 张伟欣 曹静 张美娜 张玲玲 吴茜 孙传 于 2021-08-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种作物生长信息智能传感器,包括壳体以及安装在所述壳体内的入射光信号检测电路板、反射光信号检测电路板、数据处理电路板、电池以及上下设置的入射光检测机构和反射光检测机构,所述入射光检测机构中的接收器与所述入射光信号检测电路板的信号接收端口电性连接,所述反射光检测机构中的接收器与所述反射光信号检测电路板的信号接收端口电性连接,所述入射光信号检测电路板和所述反射光信号检测电路板的信号输出端口分别与所述数据处理电路板的信号接收端口电性连接；所述电池的正负极分别与所述数据接收处理电路板的正负极端口电性连接形成回路。本发明通过将反射光数据与入射光数据进行比值得到待测地物的反射率,工作效率高。(The invention relates to a crop growth information intelligent sensor, which comprises a shell, an incident light signal detection circuit board, a reflected light signal detection circuit board, a data processing circuit board, a battery, an incident light detection mechanism and a reflected light detection mechanism, wherein the incident light signal detection circuit board, the reflected light signal detection circuit board, the data processing circuit board and the battery are arranged in the shell; and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode port and the negative electrode port of the data receiving and processing circuit board to form a loop. The reflectivity of the ground object to be detected is obtained by comparing the reflected light data with the incident light data, and the working efficiency is high.)

1. A crop growth information intelligent sensor is characterized in that: comprises a shell (1), an incident light signal detection circuit board (18), a reflected light information detection circuit board (19), a data processing circuit board (17), a battery (13) and at least one set of incident light detection mechanism (2) and at least one set of reflected light detection mechanism (3) which are arranged up and down in the shell (1), the receiver in the incident light detection mechanism (2) is electrically connected with the signal receiving port of the incident light signal detection circuit board (18), a receiver in the reflected light detection mechanism (3) is electrically connected with a signal receiving port of the reflected light signal detection circuit board (19), the signal output ports of the incident light signal detection circuit board (18) and the reflected light signal detection circuit board (19) are respectively electrically connected with the signal receiving port of the data processing circuit board (17); and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery (13) are respectively and electrically connected with the positive electrode port and the negative electrode port of the data receiving and processing circuit board to form a loop.

2. The intelligent sensor of crop growth information of claim 1, wherein: incident light detection mechanism (2) with the major structure of reflected light detection mechanism (3) is the same, including establishing respectively at two detection mechanism's end cover (7), running through surface light filter installation through-hole (4) and installing about end cover (7) one side with upper and lower open-ended light transmission hole seat (6) of light filter installation through-hole (4) coaxial setting, install light filter (5) and fix on light transmission hole seat (6) through light filter end cover (8) in light filter installation through-hole (4), install the receiver on light filter end cover (8).

3. The intelligent sensor of crop growth information of claim 2, wherein: the incident light detection mechanisms (2) are two sets, namely a first waveband incident light detection mechanism (201) and a second waveband incident light detection mechanism (202), and the reflected light detection mechanisms (3) are two sets, namely a first waveband reflected light detection mechanism (31) and a second waveband reflected light detection mechanism (32).

4. The intelligent sensor of crop growth information of claim 2, wherein: the inner diameter of the light-transmitting hole seat (6) is the same as that of the optical filter mounting through hole (4).

5. The intelligent sensor of crop growth information of claim 4, wherein: the inner wall of the optical filter mounting through hole (4) is provided with a placing step (41), when the optical filter (5) is placed on the placing step (41), the height of the optical filter (5) is higher than the upper edge of the light-transmitting hole seat (6), the optical filter (5) is fixed through an optical filter end cover (8) which can be in threaded connection, the optical filter end cover (8) is further provided with a light-transmitting hole (20) and a mounting seat (9) used for mounting the receiver, and the light-transmitting hole (20) and the mounting seat (9) are coaxially arranged with the light-transmitting hole seat (6).

6. The intelligent sensor for crop growth information according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the radius R to the depth h of the light-transmitting hole (20) of the reflected light detection mechanism is in the range of tan12.5 ° to tan15 ° and R/h ≦ R/(h1+ h); wherein R is the radius of the light inlet hole (21) of the filter, and h1 is the thickness of the filter;

the depth h of the light transmission hole (20) of the incident light detection mechanism is 0.

7. The intelligent sensor of crop growth information of claim 5, wherein: the periphery cover of printing opacity hole seat (6) is equipped with first sealing washer (10), light filter end cover (8) twist soon to printing opacity hole seat (6) on when with first sealing washer (10) conflict cooperation.

8. The intelligent sensor of crop growth information of claim 6, wherein: a second sealing ring (11) is installed between the optical filter end cover (8) and the optical filter (5), the second sealing ring (11) is placed on the optical filter, and the first sealing ring (10) and the second sealing ring (11) are pressed when the optical filter end cover (8) is screwed on the light-transmitting hole seat (6).

9. The intelligent sensor of crop growth information according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: data processing circuit board (17) is vertical to be installed in casing (1), the axis of data processing circuit board (17) and the axis collineation of casing (1), incident light signal detection circuitry board (18) with reflected light signal detection circuitry board (19) are installed through the plug groove respectively the upper and lower end of data processing circuitry board (17) rather than forming electric connection, the axis of casing (1) passes respectively incident light signal detection circuitry board (18) with the center of reflected light signal detection circuitry board (19).

10. The intelligent sensor of crop growth information according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: vertical battery installation cylinders (12) are respectively arranged at two sides of the data processing circuit board (17), the battery (13) is arranged in the battery mounting cylinder (12), the top end of the battery mounting cylinder (12) is a positive end (131), the bottom end is a negative end (132), the positive terminal (131) is electrically connected with the positive power port of the data processing circuit board (17), the negative electrode end (132) is electrically connected with the negative power supply port of the data processing circuit board (17) through a metal lead-out sheet (16), the bottom end of the battery mounting cylinder (12) is also provided with a battery cover plate (14), a metal pressing sheet (15) is fixed on the battery cover plate (14), when the battery cover plate (14) is buckled at the bottom end of the battery mounting cylinder (12), the metal pressing sheet (15) is effectively contacted with the metal lead-out sheet (16).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural information sensor monitoring, and particularly relates to an intelligent sensor for crop growth information.

Background

Wisdom agriculture is the development direction of modern agriculture, can improve output effectively, promote the quality, improve planting benefit, and accurate acquisition crop growth information is the basis of wisdom agricultural growth regulation and control. The accuracy of monitoring is affected by the efficient pick-up of optical signals inside the sensor and the degree of isolation of optical signals between channels. The intelligent sensor internally integrating the operation chip, the power supply and the signal transmission module is convenient for users to use, and is a development direction of the sensor. The crop growth information sensors which are popularized and applied in production at present mainly focus on field crops such as rice, wheat and the like, but most of vegetable crops and oil crops urgently need growth information sensors which can be applied in production, and part of the popularized crop growth information sensors are non-intelligent sensors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention improves the monitoring accuracy, and the spatial layout design of mechanical parts and other parts in the sensor improves the stability of the sensor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an intelligent sensor for crop growth information comprises a shell, an incident light signal detection circuit board, a reflected light information detection circuit board, a data processing circuit board, a battery, at least one set of incident light detection mechanism and at least one set of reflected light detection mechanism which are arranged up and down, wherein the incident light signal detection circuit board, the reflected light information detection circuit board, the data processing circuit board and the battery are arranged in the shell, the receiver in the incident light detection mechanism is electrically connected with the signal receiving port of the incident light signal detection circuit board, the receiver in the reflected light detection mechanism is electrically connected with the signal receiving port of the reflected light signal detection circuit board, the signal output ports of the incident light signal detection circuit board and the reflected light signal detection circuit board are respectively electrically connected with the signal receiving port of the data processing circuit board, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are respectively and electrically connected with the positive electrode end and the negative electrode end of the data receiving and processing circuit board to form a loop.

The two ends of the sensor are respectively provided with an incident light detection mechanism and a reflected light detection mechanism, the sensor needs to be kept in a vertical state when measuring crop growth information, the incident light detection mechanism upwards receives a sunlight signal, the reflected light detection mechanism downwards receives a crop reflected light signal, the two light signals are respectively converted and transmitted to the data processing circuit board through the incident light signal detection circuit board and the reflected light signal detection circuit board, the reflectivity of a crop to be measured is obtained through the energy data ratio of the crop reflected light signal to the energy data of the solar incident light signal, and the measuring working efficiency is very high.

The invention has the further improvement scheme that the incident light detection mechanism and the reflected light detection mechanism have the same main structure and comprise end covers respectively arranged on the two detection mechanisms, optical filter mounting through holes penetrating through the upper and lower surfaces of the end covers and light-transmitting hole seats with upper and lower openings coaxially arranged with the optical filter mounting through holes and arranged on one surface of the end covers, optical filters are arranged in the optical filter mounting through holes and fixed on the light-transmitting hole seats through the optical filter end covers, and receivers are arranged on the optical filter end covers.

The invention has the further improvement scheme that the incident light detection mechanisms are two sets, namely a first waveband incident light detection mechanism and a second waveband incident light detection mechanism, and the reflected light detection mechanisms are two sets, namely a first waveband reflected light detection mechanism and a second waveband reflected light detection mechanism.

The invention has the further improvement that the inner diameter of the light-transmitting hole seat of the reflected light detection mechanism is the same as that of the optical filter mounting through hole.

The invention has the further improvement scheme that the inner wall of the optical filter mounting through hole is provided with a placing step, when the optical filter is placed on the placing step, the height of the optical filter is higher than the upper edge of the light-transmitting hole seat, the optical filter is fixed (for example, fixed through screws) through an optical filter end cover which can be in spiral connection, the optical filter end cover is also provided with a light-transmitting hole and a mounting seat for mounting the receiver, and the light-transmitting hole and the mounting seat are coaxially arranged with the light-transmitting hole seat.

Preferably, the ratio of the radius R to the depth h of the light transmission hole of the reflected light detection mechanism ranges from tan12.5 ° to tan15 °, and R/h ≦ R/(h1+ h); wherein, R is the radius of the light inlet hole of the optical filter, and h1 is the thickness of the optical filter; the depth h of the light hole of the incident light detection mechanism is 0.

According to a further improvement scheme of the invention, a first sealing ring is sleeved on the periphery of the light-transmitting hole seat, and the optical filter end cover is in interference fit with the first sealing ring when being screwed onto the light-transmitting hole seat.

In a further improvement of the present invention, a second sealing ring is installed between the optical filter end cap and the optical filter, a diameter of the second sealing ring is slightly smaller than a diameter of the optical filter, the second sealing ring is placed on the optical filter, and the optical filter end cap compresses the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring when screwed (e.g., screwed) on the light-transmitting hole seat.

The invention has the further improvement scheme that the data processing circuit board is vertically arranged in the shell, the central axis of the data processing circuit board is collinear with the central axis of the shell, the incident light signal detection circuit board and the reflected light signal detection circuit board are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the data processing circuit board through a plugging groove to be electrically connected with the data processing circuit board, and the central axis of the shell respectively penetrates through the centers of the incident light signal detection circuit board and the reflected light signal detection circuit board.

The invention further provides a further improvement scheme that vertical battery installation cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of the data processing circuit board, the battery is installed in the battery installation cylinders, the top end of each battery installation cylinder is a positive end, the bottom end of each battery installation cylinder is a negative end, the positive end is electrically connected with a power supply positive port of the data processing circuit board, the negative end is electrically connected with a power supply negative port of the data processing circuit board through a metal leading-out piece, a battery cover plate is further arranged at the bottom end of each battery installation cylinder, a metal pressing piece is fixed on each battery cover plate, and when the battery cover plate is buckled at the bottom end of each battery installation cylinder, the metal pressing piece is effectively contacted with the metal leading-out piece.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) mechanical parts and other parts are placed in the sensor in a balanced manner, so that the overall stability of the sensor is good; the sensor is internally integrated with an optical path, an operation chip, a power supply, a wireless transmission module and the like, the sensor is good in integrity and can normally work without external intervention, and the sensor can be conveniently integrated on carriers such as agricultural equipment, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like, such as portable equipment, tractors and the like, and is convenient to use.

(2) The incident light detection mechanism and the reflected light detection mechanism at the two ends of the sensor have the same main structure, the measurement mode is kept at the same standard, the error of optical signal data measured by the incident light detection mechanism and the reflected light detection mechanism can be reduced, and the data accuracy is improved.

(3) The optical filter is obtained in a commercially available mode, the radius size of the optical filter is basically constant, different field angles theta can be formed by setting different radiuses r of the light transmission holes and depths h of the light transmission holes, in order to achieve better field effect, in the reflected light detection mechanism, the range of the field angles theta is 25-30 degrees, namely the range of the ratio of r to h is set to tan12.5 degrees to tan15 degrees, and the measured crop canopy spectral information effect is the best when the ratio ranges from tan12.5 degrees to tan15 degrees.

(4) For better pressfitting, the height when the light filter is shelved is higher than the printing opacity hole seat, can make the fixed effect of light filter better, and the mounting means that can screw connection (for example screw fixation) is very convenient, uses the light filter end cover can dismantle the light filter in a flexible way and make things convenient for the equipment and the later maintenance of sensor.

(5) The first sealing ring is arranged on the outer wall of the light-transmitting hole seat, so that the sealing effect is good when the light filter end cover is screwed and arranged on the light-transmitting hole seat, the possibility of light transmission is avoided, meanwhile, the situation that the light filter shakes can be avoided, the effect of sealing and reducing light transmission is achieved, and the fixing effect is achieved. Through set up the second sealing washer between light filter and light filter end cover, can prevent that light from outwards spilling over in order to further reduce the printing opacity possibility through multiple reflection, the pressfitting through the second sealing washer makes the stability of pressfitting between light filter end cover and the light filter stronger simultaneously, reduces the light filter axial and rocks, and stability is stronger.

(6) The incident light signal detection circuit board and the reflected light signal detection circuit board are respectively connected with the data processing circuit board through the plugging grooves, so that the transmission connection on signals can be carried out, the convenient mechanical connection is realized, the structure is simple, and the effect is better.

(7) The negative electrode end is electrically connected to the data processing circuit board through a metal lead-out sheet and forms a loop for supplying power to the data processing circuit board in cooperation with the positive electrode end; wherein the battery positive terminal is protruding, and the negative pole end is the plane, sets up the metal preforming and the metal of negative pole end on through the battery apron and draws forth the piece at the bottom and carry out effective contact, compares in setting up the positive terminal here, and its effective area of contact is bigger, and the contact effect is good, and the power supply effect is more stable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure within the housing of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the reflected light detecting mechanism of the present invention in cooperation with a battery mounting cylinder;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the condition of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of the battery mounting can;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an end cap of an optical filter according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an optical filter end cap after being assembled with an optical filter and an end cap in accordance with embodiment 2 of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-a shell; 2-incident light detection mechanism: 201-a first band incident light detection mechanism, 202-a second band incident light detection mechanism; 3-reflected light detection mechanism: 31-a first waveband incident light detection mechanism and 32-a second waveband incident light detection mechanism; 4-installing a through hole on the optical filter; 41-resting steps; 5-an optical filter; 6-a light-transmitting hole seat; 7-end cap; 8-an optical filter end cap; 9-a mounting seat; 10-a first sealing ring; 11-a second sealing ring; 12-a battery mounting cartridge; 13-battery: 131-positive terminal, 132-negative terminal; 14-a battery cover plate; 15-metal tabletting; 16-metal lead-out sheet; 17-a data processing circuit board; 18-an incident optical signal detection circuit board; 19-reflected light signal detection circuit board; 20-light hole; 21-light filter entrance hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the following detailed description is illustrative of the invention only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all equivalent modifications thereof which will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present specification.

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

Example 1:

an intelligent sensor for crop growth information comprises a shell 1, an incident light signal detection circuit board 18, a reflected light signal detection circuit board 19, a data processing circuit board 17, a battery 13, two sets of incident light detection mechanisms 2 and two sets of reflected light detection mechanisms 3 which are arranged up and down in the shell 1, wherein a receiver in the incident light detection mechanism 2 is electrically connected with a signal receiving port of the incident light signal detection circuit board 18, a receiver in the reflected light detection mechanism 3 is electrically connected with a signal receiving port of the reflected light signal detection circuit board 19, and signal output ports of the incident light signal detection circuit board 18 and the reflected light signal detection circuit board 19 are respectively electrically connected with a signal receiving port of the data processing circuit board 17; the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery 13 are respectively and electrically connected with the positive power port and the negative power port of the data receiving and processing circuit board to form a loop.

Incident light detection mechanism 2 is the same with 3 major structure of reflected light detection mechanism, including establishing respectively at two detection mechanism's end cover 7, running through the light filter installation through-hole 4 of end cover 7 upper and lower surface and installing 7 one side of end cover and the coaxial upper and lower open-ended light transmission hole seat 6 that sets up of light filter installation through-hole 4, installation light filter 5 just fixes on light transmission hole seat 6 through light filter end cover 8 in the light filter installation through-hole 4, installs the receiver on the light filter end cover 8. The incident light detection mechanism 2 comprises a first waveband incident light detection mechanism 201 and a second waveband incident light detection mechanism 202, the reflected light detection mechanism 3 comprises a first waveband reflected light detection mechanism 31 and a second waveband reflected light detection mechanism 32, wherein the first waveband and the second waveband are determined through the waveband range of the optical filter 5.

The data processing circuit board 17 is vertically installed in the casing 1, and the axis of data processing circuit board 17 and the axis collineation of casing 1, incident light signal detection circuitry board 18 and reflected light signal detection circuitry board 19 are installed respectively through the plug groove the upper and lower end of data processing circuitry board 17 rather than forming electric connection, the axis of casing 1 passes respectively incident light signal detection circuitry board 18 with reflected light signal detection circuitry board 19's center. In the scheme, the data processing circuit board 17 is further provided with an embedded processor MSP430 and a wifi chip, signals transmitted by the incident light signal detection circuit board 18 and the reflected light signal detection circuit board 19 can be converted by the embedded processor, the reflectivity and the vegetation index are calculated and obtained, and the signals are sent out through the wifi chip.

The battery 13 is installed in the battery installation cylinder 12, the top end of the battery installation cylinder 12 is a positive end 131, the bottom end is a negative end 132, the positive end 131 is electrically connected with a power supply positive end port of the data processing circuit board 17, an axial perforation used for penetrating the metal leading-out piece 16 is further formed in the battery installation cylinder 12, one end of the metal leading-out piece 16 is led out from the upper end of the perforation to be electrically connected to a power supply negative end port of the data processing circuit board 17, the other end of the metal leading-out piece is led out from the lower end of the perforation to be effectively contacted with the negative electrode of the battery 13, a battery cover plate 14 is further arranged at the bottom end of the battery installation cylinder 12, a metal pressing piece 15 is fixed on the battery cover plate 14, and when the battery cover plate 14 is buckled at the bottom end of the battery installation cylinder 12, the metal pressing piece 15 is effectively contacted with the metal leading-out piece 16 and the negative electrode of the battery 13.

The incident light detection mechanism 2 and the reflected light detection mechanism 3 are respectively positioned at two ends of the shell 1, the optical filter mounting through hole 4 penetrates through the detection mechanism end cover 7, the optical filter 5 purchased in the market has thickness, so the optical filter mounting through hole 4 also has depth, the inner wall of the optical filter mounting through hole 4 is provided with a shelving step 41, when the optical filter 5 is shelved on the shelving step 41, the height of the optical filter is higher than the upper edge of the light transmission hole seat 6, the light transmission hole 20 and the installation seat 9 for installing a receiver are also arranged on the optical filter end cover 8, and the light transmission hole 20 and the installation seat 9 are coaxially arranged with the light transmission hole seat 6. The periphery of the light transmission hole seat 6 is carved with an external thread, the external thread is matched with an internal thread of the optical filter end cover 8, and the optical filter 5 can be fixed on the light transmission hole seat 6 through the optical filter end cover 8 when being installed in the optical filter installation through hole 4.

In the scheme, the inner diameter of the light-transmitting hole seat 6 is the same as that of the light filter mounting through hole 4, the light filter 5 is obtained in a commercially available mode, different field angles theta can be formed by setting different radiuses r of the light-transmitting holes 20 and depths h of the light-transmitting holes 20, for the better field effect, the range of the field angles theta in the reflected light detection mechanism is 25-30 degrees, namely the range of the ratio of r to h is set to be tan 12.5-tan 15 degrees, and the field of view of the sensor is convenient for measuring the spectral information of crops when the range of the ratio is tan 12.5-tan 15 degrees. The gap between the resting steps 41 on the two sides is the light filter light inlet hole 21, the radius of the light filter light inlet hole 21 is R, R needs to satisfy R/(h1+ h) is more than or equal to R/h, wherein h1 is the thickness of the light filter. In the incident light detection mechanism, the depth h of the light transmission hole 20 is 0.

Example 2:

in this embodiment 2, based on the above embodiment 1, the sealing relationship between the filter end cap 8 and the filter 5 is further improved, and a first sealing ring 10 is tightly sleeved on the periphery of the light-transmitting hole seat 6, and when the filter end cap 8 is screwed onto the light-transmitting hole seat 6, the first sealing ring 10 can be in interference fit with the first sealing ring. In addition, when the optical filter 5 is placed on the placing step, the height of the optical filter 5 is higher than the upper edge of the light-transmitting hole seat 6, the second sealing ring 11 is placed on the optical filter 5, and when the optical filter end cover 8 rotates to be in contact with the first sealing ring 10, the second sealing ring 11 and the optical filter 5 are pressed by the optical filter end cover so that the optical filter 5 is fixed.

The rest is the same as the above embodiments, and is not described herein.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.