阅读说明：本技术 一种油田加热炉多功能斜板换热器及其应用方法 (Multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of oil field heating furnace and application method thereof ) 是由 唐万成 李烨 赵珉 杨迪 罗睿娟 董兰玉 褚兴全 褚校崧 于 2021-09-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种油田加热炉多功能斜板换热器及其应用方法。该换热器包括壳体,壳体内设有若干组并列设置的换热板片,换热板片包括垂直段和倾斜段,换热板片的垂直段设置在至少两根蒸汽管上并固定在壳体内,蒸汽管的一端穿设在壳体外与设置在壳体外的蒸汽源连接；换热板片的倾斜段上连接超声传振杆,超声传振杆的一端穿设在壳体外与设置在壳体外的超声波换能器连接；壳体的底部连接锥斗,锥斗连接冷凝水出口。它将传统的管式换热器改变为板片式的换热器,将换热板片的倾斜段采用30～60℃倾斜多角度安置,相当于一个专用的斜板沉降器,当原油通过斜板沉降器式的换热板片加热的同时,能快速将原油中的砂粒分离出来,并沉降在锥斗里面。(A multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of an oil field heating furnace and an application method thereof. The heat exchanger comprises a shell, wherein a plurality of groups of heat exchange plates arranged in parallel are arranged in the shell, each heat exchange plate comprises a vertical section and an inclined section, the vertical sections of the heat exchange plates are arranged on at least two steam pipes and fixed in the shell, and one ends of the steam pipes penetrate through the shell and are connected with a steam source arranged outside the shell; the inclined section of the heat exchange plate is connected with an ultrasonic vibration transmission rod, and one end of the ultrasonic vibration transmission rod penetrates through the shell and is connected with an ultrasonic transducer arranged outside the shell; the bottom of the shell is connected with a cone hopper, and the cone hopper is connected with a condensate outlet. It changes traditional tubular heat exchanger into plate-type heat exchanger, adopts 30 ~ 60 ℃ slope multi-angle to settle the slope section of heat transfer plate, is equivalent to a dedicated swash plate settler, when crude oil passes through the heat transfer plate heating of swash plate settler formula, can separate out the sand grain in the crude oil fast to subside in the awl fill the inside.)

1. The multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oil field heating furnace comprises a shell (1) and is characterized in that a plurality of groups of heat exchange plate sheets (2) arranged in parallel are arranged in the shell (1), each heat exchange plate sheet (2) comprises a vertical section and an inclined section, the vertical sections of the heat exchange plate sheets (2) are arranged on at least two steam pipes (5) and fixed in the shell (1), and one ends of the steam pipes (5) penetrate through the shell (1) and are connected with a steam source arranged outside the shell (1); the inclined section of the heat exchange plate (2) is connected with an ultrasonic vibration transmission rod (4), and one end of the ultrasonic vibration transmission rod (4) is arranged outside the shell (1) in a penetrating manner and is connected with an ultrasonic transducer arranged outside the shell (1); the bottom of the shell (1) is connected with a conical hopper (3), and the conical hopper (3) is connected with a condensed water outlet (6).

2. The multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oil field heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchange plates (2) adopt wave-surface plate heat exchangers as elements of the heat exchange plates, and the heat exchange plates (2) adopting the wave-surface plate heat exchangers are arranged in parallel, so that the heat exchange plates (2) are in an uneven structure, and the disturbance of the heated crude oil can be increased.

3. The multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oil field heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the groups of heat exchange plates (2) arranged in parallel is smaller than the thickness of the heat exchange plates (2), so as to reduce the thermal resistance to the heated crude oil and improve the heat and mass transfer efficiency.

4. The multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oilfield heating furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of the inclined section of the heat exchange plate (2) is 30-60 ℃.

5. The multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oilfield heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein a scraper is arranged between the heat exchange plates (2), and the scraper can effectively remove various dirt and silt deposited on the heating plate during the heating process of crude oil, so that the long-term stable and efficient operation of the heater is maintained.

6. The application method of the multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oil field heating furnace according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, when crude oil is heated through the heat exchange plates (2) which are obliquely arranged, the ultrasonic transducer works, the ultrasonic vibration transmission rod (4) transmits the ultrasonic energy of the transducer to each group of heat exchange plates (2) in the shell (1), so that the heat exchange plates (2) generate high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation, and sand grains in the crude oil are quickly separated;

meanwhile, the scraper on the heat exchange plate (2) moves, micron-sized collision of more than 1300 times per second is generated between the scraper and the heat exchange plate, so that a good scale prevention and removal effect is achieved, various scales and silt deposited on the heating plate in the heating process of crude oil can be effectively removed, and the long-term stable and efficient operation of the heater is kept;

s2, a lot of fine scale particles of the scale substances scraped by the scraper plate can be settled in the cone hopper (3), a part of the scale substances separated from the cone hopper (3) are ground and then input into an oil pipeline, and the crude oil heated by the method has a certain scale prevention effect because the binding capacity of the seed crystals and the scale substances in the crude oil is far greater than that of the metal wall of the pipeline and the scale substances in the crude oil.

7. The application method of the multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oilfield heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer maintains high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation of more than 1 ten thousand times per second on the heat exchange plates (2) through the ultrasonic vibration transmission rod (4), and the high-frequency fluctuation enables the heat exchange plates (2) to accelerate dispersed oil drop coalescence.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of heating of oilfield produced liquid, and relates to a multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of an oilfield heating furnace and an application method thereof.

Background

The oil field heating furnace is a main heating power device for oil gas production, and is also an essential important production device in the links of ground gathering, transportation, treatment, transportation and the like. Especially in oil fields in the eastern part of China, oil products are viscous, wax content is high, air temperature is low, and the heating furnace is particularly commonly used. The oil well mouth heating, water mixing, hot washing, crude oil gathering and transportation, dehydration, water-containing oil outward transportation of a transfer station, purified oil outward transportation of a combined station, crude oil stabilization, finished oil transportation, heating and heat tracing of ground facilities and other processes can not be separated from the thermal guarantee of the key facility. With the increase of the exploration and development area of the oil and gas field and the increase of the development difficulty, the number and the types of the heating furnaces used in the oil and gas field are more and more.

The heating furnaces commonly used in the oil field at present comprise a tubular heating furnace, a fire tube type heating furnace, a water sleeve heating furnace and a phase change heating furnace; the phase-change heating furnace is used as a novel oil field heating furnace and has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, good safety and the like. In recent years, phase change heating furnaces are widely applied to various oil fields in China and achieve good application effects.

At present, the oil field heating furnace has two important aspects to be broken through and innovated, and firstly, the combustion technology is improved, the high-efficiency combustion, the minimum excess air coefficient and the low pollution emission are realized; secondly, the heat transfer technology is further improved and broken through, so that the working efficiency of the boiler can be effectively improved. However, these furnaces have only a single heating function, and have problems that the heat transfer efficiency and the service life are affected by the deposition of scale and mud.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of an oil field heating furnace, which can be used for transforming a vacuum phase change boiler reused in an oil field into a multifunctional boiler with the advantages of high-efficiency heat transfer, automatic scale prevention and removal, automatic sand removal, acceleration of oil-water separation, pipeline scale prevention and the like, and can improve the working efficiency of the boiler.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of an oil field heating furnace comprises a shell, wherein a plurality of groups of heat exchange plate sheets arranged in parallel are arranged in the shell, each heat exchange plate sheet comprises a vertical section and an inclined section, the vertical sections of the heat exchange plate sheets are arranged on at least two steam pipes and fixed in the shell, and one ends of the steam pipes penetrate through the shell and are connected with a steam source arranged outside the shell; the inclined section of the heat exchange plate is connected with an ultrasonic vibration transmission rod, and one end of the ultrasonic vibration transmission rod penetrates through the shell and is connected with an ultrasonic transducer arranged outside the shell; the bottom of the shell is connected with a cone hopper, and the cone hopper is connected with a condensate outlet.

Preferably, the heat exchange plates adopt the corrugated plate heat exchanger as an element of the heat exchange plates, and the heat exchange plates adopting the corrugated plate heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, so that the heat exchange plates are in an uneven structure, and the disturbance of the heated crude oil can be increased.

Preferably, the distance between the heat exchange plate sheets arranged in parallel is smaller than the thickness of the heat exchange plate sheets, so that the heat resistance of the heated crude oil is reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency and the mass transfer efficiency are improved.

Preferably, the inclination angle of the inclined section of the heat exchange plate is 30-60 ℃.

Preferably, scrapers are arranged between the heat exchange plates, and the scrapers can effectively remove various dirt and silt deposited on the heating plate in the heating process of the crude oil, so that the long-term stable and efficient operation of the heater is maintained.

The invention also provides an application method of the multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oil field heating furnace, which comprises the following steps:

s1, when the crude oil is heated by the heat exchange plates arranged obliquely, the ultrasonic transducer works, the ultrasonic energy of the transducer is transmitted to each group of heat exchange plates in the shell by the ultrasonic vibration transmission rod, so that the heat exchange plates generate high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation, and sand grains in the crude oil are quickly separated;

meanwhile, the scraper on the heat exchange plate moves, micron-sized collision is generated between the scraper and the heat exchange plate for more than one time per second, so that a good scale prevention and removal effect is generated, various scales and sediments deposited on the heating plate in the heating process of crude oil can be effectively removed, and the long-term stable and efficient operation of the heater is kept;

s2, a lot of fine scale particles of the scale substances scraped by the scraper plate can be settled in the cone hopper, a part of the scale substances separated from the cone hopper is ground and then input into the oil pipeline, and the crude oil heated and treated by the method has a certain scale prevention effect because the binding capacity of the seed crystals and the scale substances in the crude oil is far greater than that of the metal wall of the pipeline and the scale substances in the crude oil.

Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer keeps high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation of ten thousand times per second or more to the heat exchange plate through an ultrasonic vibration transmission rod, and the high-frequency fluctuation enables the heat exchange plate to accelerate coalescence of dispersed oil drops.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. high-efficiency heat exchange: the wave surface plate type heat exchanger is used as a heat exchange plate element, heated crude oil flows outside the wave surface plate, heated steam flows inside the wave surface plate, the distance between the heat exchange plates can be considered to be smaller, and the thermal resistance of the heated crude oil can be reduced; the heat exchange plates are uneven, so that the disturbance of the heated crude oil can be increased; steam enters from two sides of the heat exchange plate, is changed into condensed water after heat exchange, flows out from the middle pipeline, returns to the heating furnace for reheating and is circulated repeatedly. Because the heat exchange plate has the high-frequency fluctuation of ultrasonic energy all the time, the steam inside the heat exchange plate can exchange heat in a vermicular condensation mode, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange plate is far higher than that of conventional membranous condensation, and the working efficiency of the boiler is effectively improved.

2. Automatic scale prevention and removal of a boiler body: most of scales in an oil field system are negative temperature coefficient characteristics, scales are easy to generate on a heat exchange surface when the temperature is high, heat exchange is hindered and fuel is wasted if the scales are light, pipelines are blocked if the scales are heavy, production halt maintenance is caused, or boilers are scrapped. The technology of the invention is characterized in that the heat exchange surface always keeps high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation more than 1 ten thousand times per second, most of water scales can not be attached, and meanwhile, a scraper is also arranged on the heat exchange surface, so that various sticky dirt can be cleaned in time; therefore, the influence of dirt on the heat transfer of the boiler is avoided, and the boiler is always kept in a high-efficiency heat exchange working state.

The oil field boiler applying the technology has more technical advantages in the aspect of heating the thick oil, the thick oil has the characteristics of high solidification point, high viscosity and poor liquidity, the phenomena of coking, scaling, sand deposition and the like are easy to occur after the crude oil enters a common heating furnace, the heat transfer efficiency of the heating furnace is reduced, the potential safety hazards of corrosion, perforation and the like of the heating furnace are increased, and even a coil pipe is blocked, so that the normal work of an oil well is influenced. The heat exchanger of the oil field boiler applying the technology of the invention has good automatic descaling function, always keeps the heat exchange surface clean without being influenced by the problems of coking, scaling, sand deposition and the like, thereby always keeping high-efficiency heat transfer efficiency.

3. Scale prevention of pipelines: and grinding the cleaned scale collecting part on the upper heat exchange plate and then injecting the ground scale collecting part into the oil pipeline again to form an effective crystal seed scale prevention mode. Because the combination speed and the combining force of the scaling substances in the oil pipeline and the crystal seeds of the same substances are far greater than the combination speed and the combining force of the scaling substances and the crystal seeds of the same substances and the metal pipe wall, the concentration of the scaling substances near the metal pipe wall is reduced or is lower than the saturated state, and the problem of pipe wall scaling is avoided.

4. Automatic sand removal: when crude oil is produced from the ground, part of the sand in the oil reservoir is carried to the surface. Although various measures such as sand prevention and sand blockage are adopted underground, the crude oil with high viscosity (especially thick oil) inevitably carries part of sand grains with the crude oil entering a ground gathering and transportation system, so that a series of problems such as pipe blockage, pump abrasion, damage of a metering instrument, excessive sand deposition of a heating device and an oil, gas and water separation device and the like are caused, and the normal production and gathering and transportation of the crude oil are seriously influenced. If the heating furnace applying the technology of the invention is installed at a wellhead, sand carried in crude oil can be cleaned and automatically discharged out of an oil transportation system. The sand removing principle is as follows: after the heat exchange plate of the technology is installed, the inclined section on the heat exchange plate forms a sloping plate sedimentation type heat exchanger, but after crude oil containing sand grains enters the heater from one end of the heater, the flow velocity of the crude oil becomes slow due to the large volume, the sand grains obtain energy on the heat exchange plate vibrating at high frequency to improve free movement energy, the viscosity of the crude oil is reduced due to the heat provided by the heat exchange plate, the separation efficiency of the sand grains is further improved, and finally the crude oil moves downwards along the inclined section on the heat exchange plate due to the gravity difference of the sand grains and is finally adjusted into the cone hopper below. The light oil-water mixed liquid after sand removal flows out from an opening on the upper surface of the heater. In addition, as more water is arranged at the lower part of the heater according to the specific gravity of oil and water, if a proper amount of sand washing chemical agent is added into the cone hopper at the moment, and ultrasonic energy is applied to the cone hopper, efficient sand washing treatment can be completed, so that discharged sand is cleaner and is free of oil pollution. The device has small volume and high working efficiency, and is particularly suitable for offshore drilling platforms.

Compared with crude oil with the same properties, the heavy crude oil reservoir has shallow burial depth, loose lithology of the oil reservoir, high viscosity and poor fluidity of the crude oil, and the produced liquid contains a large amount of sand. One of the most effective sand control methods for oil wells is to use gravel pack to prevent sand in oil reservoirs, which can greatly reduce the sand production of oil wells, but also limit the exertion of the productivity of oil reservoirs, so that the yield of oil wells is obviously reduced. Therefore, the method properly controls underground sand production, and adopts proper and effective measures to remove sand on an offshore platform, which is one of key technologies to be solved in offshore thick oil production.

5. Oil-water separation: the heat exchange plate with the inclined section not only has the function of shallow pool sedimentation attached by sand grains, but also has the function of a coalescence plate for strengthening the oil-water separation process.

The research shows that: after the dispersed phase oil drops contact the coalescence plate, an uneven oil drop layer is formed on the surface, and an oil film which flows discontinuously is formed; subsequent oil droplets are generally difficult to merge directly into the oil droplet layer, where the large droplets leave the coalescing plate on the surface of the oil droplet layer, mainly in a rolling manner, and the small droplets are separated by embedding into the uneven surface of the oil droplet layer and by the time course of squeezing the water film → coalescence → formation of random flow channels → detachment from the coalescing plate.

The strengthening principle is mainly shown in that: (1) the time for oil drops to rise to a coalescence surface is shortened; (2) an uneven oil drop layer is formed on the surface of the plate, and a stable staying field is provided for small oil drops so as to finish the coalescence process; (3) providing sufficient coalescence area for coalescence of the dispersed phase oil droplets. The ultrasonic polymerization function is added on the basis of the function of the coalescence plate in the technology of the invention, which can further promote the polymerization of oil drops and accelerate the separation speed of oil and water. When crude oil passes through the heated heat exchange plate, because of high-frequency fluctuation of the heat exchange plate, water drops collide and adhere to each other in the process of vibrating the crude oil medium and the water drops together, and the particle size is increased. Meanwhile, the vibration reduces the strength of an oil-water interface membrane, and is beneficial to demulsification. In addition, the thermal action of the ultrasonic waves can also reduce the viscosity of the crude oil. Compared with other methods, the ultrasonic method can reduce the demulsification temperature and reduce heating equipment and energy consumption.

6. Unattended operation: with the continuous improvement of the production requirements of oil fields, the traditional production mode and management method face serious challenges, and the unattended mode is applied to the digital production and management of the oil fields, so that the labor intensity is favorably reduced, the safety risk can be effectively controlled, and the digital efficiency of the oil fields is comprehensively exerted. The unattended operation of the oil field mainly comprises the contents of remote production data real-time acquisition, automatic operation, remote control, automatic report, remote human resource allocation and the like. Through high-definition video monitoring, a field intelligent instrument and a centralized monitoring platform, centralized monitoring of a production state and automatic operation in a normal production state are realized, and a background on-duty monitoring person is automatically alarmed and timely notified to dispatch the person on site for processing through a reporting system in an abnormal state. According to investigation, the frequent occurrence of boiler scaling and pipeline blockage in an oil extraction site is an obstacle for popularizing an unattended mode.

7. And (3) waste heat recovery: the oil field heating furnace ubiquitous thermal efficiency is low, and surplus air coefficient is higher, and exhaust gas temperature is high problem, in order to effectively reduce the heat loss of heating furnace, needs to retrieve boiler flue gas waste heat. The heat exchanger of the invention is modified to form a composite phase change heat exchanger, which can effectively prevent the low-temperature dew point corrosion of the tail heating surface on the premise of greatly reducing the exhaust gas temperature.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of an oil field heating furnace according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a left-side view structural schematic diagram of the multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of the oil field heating furnace provided by the invention.

Reference numbers in the figures:

1. a housing; 2. a heat exchange plate; 3. a conical hopper; 4. an ultrasonic vibration transmission rod; 5. a steam pipe; 6. and a condensed water outlet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger for the oil field heating furnace provided by the invention comprises a shell 1, wherein a plurality of groups of heat exchange plates 2 arranged in parallel are arranged in the shell 1, each heat exchange plate 2 comprises a vertical section and an inclined section, the vertical sections of the heat exchange plates 2 are arranged on at least two steam pipes 5 and fixed in the shell 1, and one ends of the steam pipes 5 penetrate through the shell 1 and are connected with a steam source arranged outside the shell 1; the inclination angle of the inclined section of the heat exchange plate 2 is 30-60 ℃, so that an inclined plate sedimentation type heat exchanger is formed, and the inclined section of the heat exchange plate 2 not only has a shallow pool sedimentation function of sand attachment, but also has a coalescence plate function of strengthening the oil-water separation process.

The research shows that: after the dispersed phase oil drops contact the coalescence plate, an uneven oil drop layer is formed on the surface, and an oil film which flows discontinuously is formed; subsequent oil droplets are generally difficult to merge directly into the oil droplet layer, where the large droplets leave the coalescing plate on the surface of the oil droplet layer, mainly in a rolling manner, and the small droplets are separated by embedding into the uneven surface of the oil droplet layer and by the time course of squeezing the water film → coalescence → formation of random flow channels → detachment from the coalescing plate.

The top of slope section is connected and is adopted the supersound biography pole 4 welding that possess the elastic metal material that shakes, and the casing 1 is worn out and soft sealing is carried out to the one end of supersound biography pole 4 that shakes, wears out the supersound biography pole 4 welding ultrasonic transducer that shakes of casing, and heat transfer slab 2 has ultrasonic energy's high frequency fluctuation all the time, enables the inside steam of heat transfer slab and carries out the heat transfer with pearl condensation mode, and its heat exchange efficiency is higher than conventional membranous condensation heat exchange efficiency far away, the effectual work efficiency who improves the boiler. And the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange plate 2 always keeps high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation more than 1 ten thousand times per second, so that most of water scales can not be attached. The bottom of the shell 1 is connected with a cone hopper 3, and the cone hopper 3 is connected with a condensed water outlet 6.

Further, the heat exchange plate 2 adopts a corrugated plate heat exchanger as an element of the heat exchange plate, and the heat exchange plates 2 adopting the corrugated plate heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, so that the heat exchange plates 2

The uneven structure is formed between the two, and the disturbance of the heated crude oil can be increased.

Further, the distance between the heat exchange plate pieces 2 arranged in parallel is reduced as much as possible, and the distance can be smaller than the thickness of the heat exchange plate pieces 2, so that the heat resistance of the heated crude oil is reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency and the mass transfer efficiency are improved.

Furthermore, the scrapers are arranged between the heat exchange plates 2 which are arranged in parallel, so that various sticky dirt can be timely cleaned, and various dirt and silt deposited on the heating plate in the heating process of crude oil can be removed, thereby avoiding the influence of the dirt on the heat transfer of the boiler, and further keeping the long-term stable and efficient operation of the heater.

The scraper can be effective

The invention provides an application method of a multifunctional inclined plate heat exchanger of an oil field heating furnace, which comprises the following steps:

s1, when crude oil is heated through the inclined section of the heat exchange plate 2, the ultrasonic transducer works, the ultrasonic vibration transmission rod 4 transmits the ultrasonic energy of the transducer to each group of heat exchange plates 2 in the shell 1, so that the heat exchange plates 2 generate high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation, and sand grains in the crude oil are quickly separated;

meanwhile, the scraper on the heat exchange plate 2 moves, micron-sized collision of more than 1300 times per second is generated between the scraper and the heat exchange plate, so that a good scale prevention and removal effect is generated, various dirt and silt deposited on the heating plate in the heating process of crude oil can be effectively removed, and the long-term stable and efficient operation of the heater is kept;

s2, a lot of fine scale particles of the scale substances scraped by the scraper plate can be settled in the cone 3, a part of the scale substances separated from the cone 3 are ground and then input into an oil pipeline, and the crude oil heated by the method has a certain scale prevention effect because the binding capacity of the seed crystals and the scale substances in the crude oil is far greater than that of the metal wall of the pipeline and the scale substances in the crude oil.

The ultrasonic transducer keeps high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation of more than 1 ten thousand times per second on the heat exchange plate 2 through the ultrasonic vibration transmission rod 4, and the high-frequency fluctuation enables the heat exchange plate 2 to accelerate the coalescence of dispersed oil drops.

The core technology of the invention is to change the traditional tubular heat exchanger into a plate-type heat exchanger, as shown in figure 1, after the inclined section of the heat exchange plate 2 is inclined at a plurality of angles at 30-60 ℃, the heat exchange plate is equivalent to a special inclined plate settler, and when crude oil is heated by the inclined plate settler type heat exchange plate 2 in application, sand grains in the crude oil can be quickly separated and settled in the lower cone hopper 3.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the high-efficiency heat exchange is realized: according to the technology, the wave panel type heat exchanger is used as an element of the heat exchange plate 2, heated crude oil flows outside the wave panel, heated steam flows inside the wave panel, and the distance between the heat exchange plate 2 is smaller, so that the thermal resistance of the heated crude oil can be reduced; the heat exchange plates 2 are uneven, so that disturbance of heated crude oil can be increased; steam enters from two sides of the heat exchange plate 2, is changed into condensed water after heat exchange, flows out from the middle pipeline, returns to the heating furnace for reheating and is circulated repeatedly. Because the heat exchange plate 2 always has the high-frequency fluctuation of ultrasonic energy, the steam inside the heat exchange plate 2 can exchange heat in a bead-shaped condensation mode, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange plate is far higher than that of the conventional film-shaped condensation, and the working efficiency of the boiler is effectively improved.

2. The automatic scale prevention and removal of the boiler body are realized: most of scales in an oil field system are negative temperature coefficient characteristics, scales are easy to generate on a heat exchange surface when the temperature is high, heat exchange is hindered and fuel is wasted if the scales are light, pipelines are blocked if the scales are heavy, production halt maintenance is caused, or boilers are scrapped. The technology of the invention is characterized in that the heat exchange surface of the heat exchange plate 2 always keeps high-frequency low-amplitude fluctuation more than 1 ten thousand times per second, so that most of water scales can not be attached, and meanwhile, a scraper is also arranged on the heat exchange surface to ensure that various sticky dirt is cleaned in time; therefore, the influence of dirt on the heat transfer of the boiler is avoided, and the boiler is always kept in a high-efficiency heat exchange working state.

The oil field boiler applying the technology has more technical advantages in the aspect of heating the thick oil, the thick oil has the characteristics of high solidification point, high viscosity and poor liquidity, the phenomena of coking, scaling, sand deposition and the like are easy to occur after the crude oil enters a common heating furnace, the heat transfer efficiency of the heating furnace is reduced, the potential safety hazards of corrosion, perforation and the like of the heating furnace are increased, and even a coil pipe is blocked, so that the normal work of an oil well is influenced. The heat exchanger of the oil field boiler applying the technology of the invention has good automatic descaling function, always keeps the heat exchange surface clean without being influenced by the problems of coking, scaling, sand deposition and the like, thereby always keeping high-efficiency heat transfer efficiency.

3. The pipeline scale prevention is realized: the scale collecting part cleaned on the upper heat exchange plate 2 is ground and then injected into the oil pipeline again, so that an effective crystal seed scale prevention mode is formed. Because the combination speed and the combining force of the scaling substances in the oil pipeline and the crystal seeds of the same substances are far greater than the combination speed and the combining force of the scaling substances and the crystal seeds of the same substances and the metal pipe wall, the concentration of the scaling substances near the metal pipe wall is reduced or is lower than the saturated state, and the problem of pipe wall scaling is avoided.

4. Automatic sand removal is realized: when crude oil is produced from the ground, part of the sand in the oil reservoir is carried to the surface. Although various measures such as sand prevention and sand blockage are adopted underground, the crude oil with high viscosity (especially thick oil) inevitably carries part of sand grains with the crude oil entering a ground gathering and transportation system, so that a series of problems such as pipe blockage, pump abrasion, damage of a metering instrument, excessive sand deposition of a heating device and an oil, gas and water separation device and the like are caused, and the normal production and gathering and transportation of the crude oil are seriously influenced. If the heating furnace applying the technology of the invention is installed at a wellhead, sand carried in crude oil can be cleaned and automatically discharged out of an oil transportation system.

The sand removing principle is as follows: after the heat exchange plate 2 is installed, the inclined section on the heat exchange plate forms a sloping plate sedimentation type heat exchanger, but after crude oil containing sand grains enters the heater from one end of the heater, the flow velocity of the crude oil becomes slow due to the large volume, the sand grains obtain energy on the heat exchange plate 2 vibrating at high frequency to improve free movement energy, and the heat provided by the heat exchange plate 2 reduces the viscosity of the crude oil to further improve the separation efficiency of the sand grains, and finally the crude oil moves downwards along the inclined section of the heat exchange plate 2 due to the gravity difference of the sand grains and is finally adjusted into the cone hopper 3 below. The light oil-water mixed liquid after sand removal flows out from an opening on the upper surface of the heater.

In addition, because the lower part of the heater has more water according to the specific gravity of oil and water, if a proper amount of sand washing chemical agent is added into the cone hopper 3 at the moment, and ultrasonic energy is applied to the cone hopper 3, efficient sand washing treatment can be completed, so that the discharged sand is cleaner and has no oil pollution. The device has small volume and high working efficiency, and is particularly suitable for offshore drilling platforms.

Compared with crude oil with the same properties, the heavy crude oil reservoir has shallow burial depth, loose lithology of the oil reservoir, high viscosity and poor fluidity of the crude oil, and the produced liquid contains a large amount of sand. One of the most effective sand control methods for oil wells is to use gravel pack to prevent sand in oil reservoirs, which can greatly reduce the sand production of oil wells, but also limit the exertion of the productivity of oil reservoirs, so that the yield of oil wells is obviously reduced. Therefore, the method properly controls underground sand production, and adopts proper and effective measures to remove sand on an offshore platform, which is one of key technologies to be solved in offshore thick oil production.

5. The oil-water separation is realized: the heat exchange plate 2 with the inclined section not only has the function of shallow pool sedimentation attached by sand grains, but also has the function of a coalescence plate for strengthening the oil-water separation process.

The research shows that: after the dispersed phase oil drops contact the coalescence plate, an uneven oil drop layer is formed on the surface, and an oil film which flows discontinuously is formed; subsequent oil droplets are generally difficult to merge directly into the oil droplet layer, where the large droplets leave the coalescing plate on the surface of the oil droplet layer, mainly in a rolling manner, and the small droplets are separated by embedding into the uneven surface of the oil droplet layer and by the time course of squeezing the water film → coalescence → formation of random flow channels → detachment from the coalescing plate.

The strengthening principle is mainly shown in that: (1) the time for oil drops to rise to a coalescence surface is shortened; (2) an uneven oil drop layer is formed on the surface of the plate, and a stable staying field is provided for small oil drops so as to finish the coalescence process; (3) providing sufficient coalescence area for coalescence of the dispersed phase oil droplets. The ultrasonic polymerization function is added on the basis of the function of the coalescence plate in the technology of the invention, which can further promote the polymerization of oil drops and accelerate the separation speed of oil and water. When crude oil passes through the heated heat exchange plate 2, because of high-frequency fluctuation of the heat exchange plate 2, in the process of vibrating the crude oil medium and water drops together, the water drops collide and adhere to each other, and the particle size is increased. Meanwhile, the vibration reduces the strength of an oil-water interface membrane, and is beneficial to demulsification. In addition, the thermal action of the ultrasonic waves can also reduce the viscosity of the crude oil.

Compared with other methods, the ultrasonic method can reduce the demulsification temperature and reduce heating equipment and energy consumption.

Further, the present invention can also achieve the following two aspects by improvement:

1. unattended operation can be realized: with the continuous improvement of the production requirements of oil fields, the traditional production mode and management method face serious challenges, and the unattended mode is applied to the digital production and management of the oil fields, so that the labor intensity is favorably reduced, the safety risk can be effectively controlled, and the digital efficiency of the oil fields is comprehensively exerted. The system can also be matched with a system to carry out automatic monitoring and management, and the oil field unattended system mainly comprises the contents of remote production data real-time acquisition, automatic operation, remote control, automatic reporting, remote human resource allocation and the like. Through high definition

The system comprises a frequency monitoring and field intelligent instrument and a centralized monitoring platform, realizes centralized monitoring of a production state, automatically runs in a normal production state, automatically alarms in an abnormal state and timely informs a background on-duty monitoring person to dispatch the person for field processing through a reporting system. According to investigation, the frequent occurrence of boiler scaling and pipeline blockage in an oil extraction site is an obstacle for popularizing an unattended mode.

2. The waste heat recovery can be realized: the oil field heating furnace ubiquitous thermal efficiency is low, and surplus air coefficient is higher, and exhaust gas temperature is high problem, in order to effectively reduce the heat loss of heating furnace, needs to retrieve boiler flue gas waste heat. The composite phase change heat exchanger can be formed by modifying the heat exchanger in the later stage, and can effectively prevent the low-temperature dew point corrosion of the tail heating surface on the premise of greatly reducing the exhaust gas temperature.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.