阅读说明：本技术 一种多源数据矿区地表变形预警台 (Multisource data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform ) 是由 方新建 余学祥 王磊 吕伟才 于 2021-08-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于GNSS监测技术领域,具体的说是一种多源数据矿区地表变形预警台,包括壳体；所述壳体上端固连有检测模块；所述壳体内壁于凸台状处固连有多根连接杆；所述连接杆另一端固连支撑板；所述支撑板上表面上安装有光纤光栅压力传感器；所述支撑板上方滑动连接有压板；所述压板下表面上固连有多根第一连接绳；所述第一连接绳另一端固连第二连接绳上端；所述第二连接绳下端固连重力球；所述壳体下方周圈表面固连有圆环；所述圆环竖直侧面上固连有挡圈；本发明结构简单可解决传统的矿区地表变形预警装置存在重量、体积都比较大,且遇到外力的作用冲击预警装置后,其不能有效的对地表变形进行检测及预警的问题。(The invention belongs to the technical field of GNSS monitoring, and particularly relates to a multi-source data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform which comprises a shell; the upper end of the shell is fixedly connected with a detection module; the inner wall of the shell is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting rods at the boss-shaped positions; the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a supporting plate; the upper surface of the supporting plate is provided with a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor; a pressing plate is connected above the supporting plate in a sliding manner; a plurality of first connecting ropes are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressing plate; the other end of the first connecting rope is fixedly connected with the upper end of the second connecting rope; the lower end of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected with a gravity ball; the surface of the periphery below the shell is fixedly connected with a circular ring; the vertical side surface of the circular ring is fixedly connected with a check ring; the early warning device has a simple structure and can solve the problems that the traditional early warning device for the deformation of the ground surface in a mining area has large weight and volume, and the early warning device cannot effectively detect and early warn the deformation of the ground surface after being impacted by external force.)

1. The utility model provides a multisource data mining area earth's surface warp early warning platform which characterized in that: comprises a shell (1); the cross section of the upper part of the shell (1) is in a boss shape, and the cross section of the lower part of the shell is in a rectangle shape; the upper end of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a detection module (2); the inner wall of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting rods (3) at the boss-shaped positions; the connecting rods (3) are uniformly distributed by taking the central axis of the shell (1) as the center; the other end of the connecting rod (3) is fixedly connected with a supporting plate (4); a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor (5) is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting plate (4); a pressing plate (6) is connected above the supporting plate (4) in a sliding manner; the lower surface of the pressing plate (6) is fixedly connected with a plurality of first connecting ropes (7); the first connecting ropes (7) are uniformly distributed by taking the central axis of the pressing plate as the center; the other end of the first connecting rope (7) is fixedly connected with the upper end of a second connecting rope (8); the first connecting rope (7) penetrates through the space between the supporting plate (4) and the inner wall of the shell (1); the connection point of the first connection rope (7) and the second connection rope (8) is positioned right below the central point of the support plate (4); the lower end of the second connecting rope (8) is fixedly connected with a gravity ball (9); the surface of the periphery below the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a circular ring (11); a retainer ring (12) is fixedly connected to the vertical side surface of the circular ring (11); the cross section of the retainer ring (12) is in a circular truncated cone shape; the vertical height from the lower end of the retainer ring (12) to the circular ring (11) is greater than the vertical height from the lower end of the shell (1) to the circular ring (11); a plurality of through holes (13) are uniformly formed in the circular ring (11) by taking the central axis of the circular ring (11) as the center; the through hole (13) is internally and slidably connected with a mounting nail (14).

2. The multi-source data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform of claim 1, characterized in that: the peripheral surface of the pressure plate (6) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell (1) through an elastic film (15); the upper surface of the supporting plate (4) is fixedly connected with a plurality of fiber bragg grating pressure sensors (5); the fiber bragg grating pressure sensors (5) take the central axis of the supporting plate (4) as the center and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the central axis.

3. The multi-source data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform of claim 1, characterized in that: the outer surface of the second connecting rope (8) is fixedly connected with a first magnet (16); a plurality of second magnets (17) are uniformly and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the rectangular position in the shell (1) from top to bottom; the upper end of a second magnet (17) at the lowest part in the shell (1) inclines towards the direction close to the central axis of the shell (1); the first magnet (16) and the second magnet (17) repel each other.

4. The multi-source data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform of claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of grooves (18) are formed below the surface of one side, close to the gravity ball (9), of the retainer ring (12); the grooves (18) and the through holes (13) are designed in a one-to-one correspondence manner; an inserting block (19) is hinged below the groove (18); the upper end of the insertion block (19) is obliquely designed towards the direction of the circular ring (11), and the upper end of the insertion block (19) extends out of the groove (18); and the upper end of the inner wall of the groove (18) at one side far away from the central axis direction of the shell (1) is provided with a magnetic block (21).

5. The multi-source data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform of claim 4, wherein: a guide hole (22) is formed in the retainer ring (12); one end of the guide hole (22) is communicated with the surface of the retainer ring (12) on one side close to the central axis of the shell (1), and the other end of the guide hole is communicated with the inner wall of the groove (18) on one end far away from the circular ring (11); a pull rope (23) is connected in the guide hole (22) in a sliding way; one end of the pull rope (23) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the magnetic block (21), and the other end of the pull rope is detachably connected to the outer surface of the mounting nail (14).

6. The multi-source data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform of claim 1, characterized in that: a sliding groove (24) is formed in the circular ring (11) at the periphery of the through hole (13); the cross section of the sliding chute (24) is in a circular truncated cone shape; a plurality of sliding blocks (25) are connected inside the sliding groove (24) in a sliding manner; the surface of one side of the sliding block (25) close to the central axis of the through hole (13) is matched with the surface of the mounting nail (14).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of GNSS monitoring, and particularly relates to a multi-source data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform.

Background

Global satellite navigation systems, also known as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), are space-based radio navigation positioning systems that provide users with all-weather three-dimensional coordinates and velocity and time information at any location on the earth's surface or in near-earth space, including one or more constellations of satellites and their augmentation systems needed to support a particular job.

With the development of the GNSS high-precision positioning technology, the mining area ground surface deformation early warning device based on the GNSS high-precision positioning is widely applied in various industries, but the traditional mining area ground surface deformation early warning device has large weight and volume, and cannot effectively detect and early warn ground surface deformation after the early warning device is impacted by external force.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the traditional mining area ground surface deformation early warning device is large in weight and volume and cannot effectively detect and early warn ground surface deformation after the early warning device is impacted by external force, the invention provides the multi-source data mining area ground surface deformation early warning platform.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a multisource data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform which comprises a shell; the cross section of the upper part of the shell is in a boss shape, and the cross section of the lower part of the shell is in a rectangle shape; the upper end of the shell is fixedly connected with a detection module; the inner wall of the shell is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting rods at the boss-shaped positions; the connecting rods are uniformly distributed by taking the central axis of the shell as the center; the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a supporting plate; the upper surface of the supporting plate is provided with a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor; a pressing plate is connected above the supporting plate in a sliding manner; a plurality of first connecting ropes are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressing plate; the first connecting ropes are uniformly distributed by taking the central axis of the pressing plate as the center; the other end of the first connecting rope is fixedly connected with the upper end of the second connecting rope; the first connecting rope penetrates through the space between the supporting plate and the inner wall of the shell; the connecting point of the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope is positioned right below the central point of the supporting plate; the lower end of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected with a gravity ball; the surface of the periphery below the shell is fixedly connected with a circular ring; the vertical side surface of the circular ring is fixedly connected with a check ring; the cross section of the retainer ring is in a circular truncated cone shape; the vertical height from the lower end of the retainer ring to the circular ring is greater than the vertical height from the lower end of the shell to the circular ring; a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the circular ring by taking the central axis of the circular ring as the center; the through hole is internally and slidably connected with a mounting nail;

when the gravity ball works, in an initial state, the gravity center of the gravity ball is positioned on the central axis of the shell, and the lower part of the gravity ball is just parallel to the lower end of the shell; the length of the mounting nail is greater than the height of the retainer ring;

when the early warning platform is required to be installed, the distance between one end of the check ring far away from the circular ring and the lower end of the shell is measured, the embedded ring of the check ring is dug out at a monitoring point, the early warning platform is placed in the embedded ring, so that the lower end of the shell is just contacted with the ground surface, because the lower end of the shell is parallel to the lower part of the gravity ball, the lower part of the gravity ball is just contacted with the ground surface, then soil is buried, the mounting nail is placed in the through hole, the mounting nail is slowly nailed into the soil by a small hammer, the damage of parts in the detection module caused by the overlarge vibration generated in the process is avoided, after the installation is finished, the deformation of the ground surface can be detected by the detection modules adopting GNSS positioning of a plurality of monitoring points, then the detection modules upload the measured data to the inside of a terminal system for gathering, and the GNSS combined observed value uploaded by the detection modules is resolved by a program algorithm preset in the terminal system, the double-difference ambiguity unit calendar of the combined system is fixed, so that large-scale earth surface deformation monitoring and analysis are realized, and a final result is obtained, so that the earth surface deformation degree of each monitoring point is finally confirmed, risk areas with different degrees are divided, and the monitoring points with higher risk degrees are early warned; meanwhile, when the detection module detects and warns the deformation of the earth surface, the accuracy of data of the detection module for detecting the deformation of the earth surface can be improved by arranging the gravity ball, the device of the application is just contacted with the earth surface due to the gravity ball after being installed, the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope are still in a tightened state, the lower surface of the pressing plate is contacted with the fiber grating pressure sensor through the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope under the action of the gravity ball, the fiber grating pressure sensor is installed on the supporting plate, the supporting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell in a truncated cone shape through a plurality of connecting rods, so that the fiber grating pressure sensor and the pressing plate are in a balanced state, the initial value at the moment is recorded, when the earth surface of a monitoring point of a mining area is sunk and deformed, the gravity ball is heavy enough at the moment, the pressing plate is pressed down by the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope under the action of the gravity ball, the pressing plate extrudes the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor, so that data measured by the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is received by the detection module, the detection module sends the measured data to the terminal system, the terminal system judges whether the earth surface deformation exceeds a preset peak value or not by comparing initial state values, and early warning is performed on monitoring points exceeding the peak value, so that the accuracy of detecting the earth surface deformation is effectively improved, early warning is performed on the monitoring points in time, the safety of mining area operation is improved, meanwhile, the monitoring data generated by different data sources are compared and analyzed, the monitoring precision of the detection module by utilizing the GNSS technology can be further improved, and errors are reduced; when rainy day, this application is through setting up the retaining ring, make during the retaining ring lower extreme buries earth, can avoid this application place monitoring point to receive the rainwater influence effectively, and the soft degree that leads to earth increases, thereby avoid this application to lead to the inaccuracy of detected data because of the soft degree change of earth of gravity ball week circle, and can avoid the device of this application because of debris striking such as pebbles through the retaining ring, and lead to this application measuring result inaccurate, can strengthen the protection to this device simultaneously, improve its life.

Preferably, the circumferential surface of the pressure plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell through an elastic membrane; the upper surface of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of fiber bragg grating pressure sensors; the fiber bragg grating pressure sensors are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the supporting plate by taking the central axis as the center;

when the device works, when the ground surface of a mining area deforms, the gravity ball presses the pressing plate downwards through the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope, and the peripheral surface of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell through the elastic membrane, so that the problem that the ground surface deformation data detected by the fiber grating pressure sensor is inaccurate due to the fact that the pressing plate is excessively pressed downwards and friction force exists between the peripheral surface of the pressing plate and the inner wall of the shell due to the fact that the peripheral surface of the pressing plate is small in deformation degree is effectively avoided, the accuracy of the device for monitoring the ground surface deformation is effectively improved, and the timeliness of early warning of monitoring points of the mining area is effectively improved; when this application installation slope installation, when the earth's surface warp clamp plate pushes down, the fiber grating pressure sensor of gradient highest point receives maximum pressure, after reach system's terminal on the data that record through a plurality of fiber grating pressure sensors, record data under the contrastive analysis initial condition again, can make this application under the tilt state, still can warp to the earth's surface and carry out effective and accurate detection, and provide the tilt state of this device, with concrete inclination data, provide more monitoring data, and then can reachd the earth's surface deformation degree of each monitoring point according to data analysis, carry out the early warning to the higher monitoring point of danger degree, effectively improve the practicality of this application device.

Preferably, the outer surface of the second connecting rope is fixedly connected with a first magnet; a plurality of second magnets are uniformly and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the rectangular position in the shell from top to bottom; the upper end of the second magnet at the lowest part in the shell inclines towards the direction close to the central axis of the shell; the first magnet and the second magnet are mutually repulsive;

during operation, connect the first magnet on the rope surface through setting up the second, a plurality of second magnets that from top to bottom evenly linked firmly are located on the inner wall of rectangle department to the casing inside, and repulse each other between first magnet and the second magnet, can effectively reduce the offset between gravity ball's focus and the casing axis, avoid gravity ball and the contact of shells inner wall, when the local watch warp, under the effect of gravity ball, fiber grating pressure sensor is in time accurate by the clamp plate extrusion, and then improve the timeliness of the early warning when this application warp the earth's surface, the inside below second magnet upper end of casing simultaneously inclines to being close to casing axis direction, and repulse each other between second magnet and the gravity ball, make annular second magnet further spacing to the gravity ball, reduce the possibility of gravity ball and the contact of shells inner wall.

Preferably, a plurality of grooves are formed below the surface of one side, close to the gravity ball, of the retainer ring; the grooves and the through holes are designed in a one-to-one correspondence manner; an inserting block is hinged below the groove; the upper end of the insertion block is obliquely designed towards the direction of the circular ring, and the upper end of the insertion block extends out of the groove; the upper end of the inner wall of the groove at one side far away from the central axis of the shell is provided with a magnetic block;

during operation, before the retaining ring buries underground, at first put the magnetic path to the upper end of recess in keeping away from casing axis direction one side inner wall, because of inter attraction between magnetic path and the inserted block, and the inserted block upper end stretches out the recess, make under the effect of magnetic path, the inserted block upper end is in keeping away from casing axis one side surface contact retaining ring in being close to casing axis one side surface, bury underground back when the retaining ring, the one end that the inserted block upper end stretches out the recess can prevent effectively that the device of this application from receiving the wind-force effect and taking place the circumstances of empting, the inserted block is in being close to ring one side top fillet design simultaneously, make the inserted block can be smooth bury among the underground earth, this application is in the soil of impaling that the inserted block upper end can be smooth under the effect of receiving the external force simultaneously, form "barb" structure, reduce the possibility that this device was pulled out by force, guarantee the stability of device.

Preferably, a guide hole is formed in the check ring; one end of the guide hole is communicated with the surface of one side, close to the central axis of the shell, of the retainer ring, and the other end of the guide hole is communicated with the inner wall of one end, far away from the circular ring, of the groove; a pull rope is connected in the guide hole in a sliding manner; one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected with the lower end of the magnetic block, and the other end of the pull rope is detachably connected to the outer surface of the mounting nail;

when the device works, before the retainer ring is buried underground, one end of the stay cord far away from the magnetic block is fixedly arranged on the mounting nail, after the retainer ring is buried underground and the mounting nail is knocked downwards by using a small hammer, the mounting nail drives the stay cord to move in the guide hole, so that the stay cord pulls the magnetic block to move towards the lower part in the groove and move downwards along with the magnetic block, the magnetic block is contacted with and extrudes the insertion block on one side surface far away from the central axis of the shell, the lower end of the insertion block is hinged between the grooves, the upper end of the insertion block moves towards one side close to the central axis of the shell, after the mounting nail is fixed, the insertion block is inserted into soil, when wind acts, the insertion block can be effectively inserted into the soil to fix the device, meanwhile, the motion track of the insertion block is arc-shaped because the magnetic block is extruded by the magnetic block, and when the wind acts on the device, the insertion block bears multidirectional force, the inserted block can not move according to the original arc-shaped track, so the inserted block can be effectively fixed to the device, the overall stability effect of the device is improved, the accuracy of the device for detecting the deformation of the earth surface is further improved, and the device can timely perform early warning when the earth surface deforms.

Preferably, a sliding groove is formed in the circular ring around the through hole; the cross section of the sliding chute is in a round table shape; a plurality of sliding blocks are connected inside the sliding groove in a sliding manner; the surface of one side of the sliding block close to the central axis of the through hole is matched with the surface of the mounting nail;

when the device is used, when the device is subjected to external force, the cross section of the sliding groove is in a round table shape, the surface of the sliding block on one side far away from the central axis of the through hole is matched with the inner wall of the sliding groove, so that the sliding blocks are limited by the sliding groove, the sliding blocks cannot move upwards, namely the sliding blocks and the mounting nail cannot move upwards, make the device of this application under the effect that receives the external force, the nail of installation nail firmly is among earth, under the combined action of inserted block, the fastness of further improvement this application installation, and then can effectually be out of shape to the earth's surface and detect, in time conveys the detection data that the earth's surface warp, carries out the early warning to the higher place of each monitoring point earth's surface deformation degree, improves the practicality of this device.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the multisource data mining area ground surface deformation early warning platform, the offset between the gravity center of the gravity ball and the central axis of the shell can be effectively reduced by arranging the first magnet and the second magnet, the gravity ball is prevented from contacting with the inner wall of the shell, the timeliness of early warning when the ground surface is deformed is improved, meanwhile, the upper end of the second magnet at the lowest position inside the shell inclines towards the direction close to the central axis of the shell, so that the annular second magnet further limits the gravity ball, and the possibility of contact between the gravity ball and the inner wall of the shell is reduced.

2. According to the multisource data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform, when the magnetic block, the pull rope, the mounting nail and the inserting block are arranged, the mounting nail can be driven to move downwards through the pull rope when the mounting nail moves downwards, so that the inserting block is penetrated into soil, when wind force acts, the inserting block can be effectively inserted into the soil to fix the device, the overall stability effect of the device is improved, the accuracy of the device for detecting earth surface deformation is improved, and early warning can be timely performed when the earth surface deforms.

3. According to the multisource data mining area earth surface deformation early warning platform, due to the arrangement of the mounting nails, the sliding blocks and the sliding grooves, when the device is subjected to external force, the sliding blocks are limited by the sliding grooves, so that the sliding blocks cannot move upwards, namely the sliding blocks and the mounting nails cannot move upwards, the device is firmly nailed in soil under the action of the external force, the firmness of mounting of the device is further improved under the combined action of the inserting blocks, earth surface deformation can be effectively detected, detection data of earth surface deformation are timely transmitted, early warning is carried out on places with high earth surface deformation degrees of monitoring points, and the practicability of the device is improved.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention, cut away;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at C;

in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a detection module 2, a connecting rod 3, a supporting plate 4, a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 5, a pressing plate 6, a first connecting rope 7, a second connecting rope 8, a gravity ball 9, a circular ring 11, a retainer ring 12, a through hole 13, a mounting nail 14, an elastic membrane 15, a first magnet 16, a second magnet 17, a groove 18, an insert block 19, a magnetic block 21, a guide hole 22, a pull rope 23, a sliding groove 24 and a sliding block 25.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the multi-source data mining area ground surface deformation early warning platform of the invention comprises a shell 1; the cross section of the upper part of the shell 1 is in a boss shape, and the cross section of the lower part of the shell is in a rectangle shape; the upper end of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a detection module 2; a plurality of connecting rods 3 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1 at the boss-shaped positions; the connecting rods 3 are uniformly distributed by taking the central axis of the shell 1 as the center; the other end of the connecting rod 3 is fixedly connected with a supporting plate 4; the upper surface of the supporting plate 4 is provided with a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 5; a pressing plate 6 is connected above the supporting plate 4 in a sliding manner; the lower surface of the pressing plate 6 is fixedly connected with a plurality of first connecting ropes 7; the first connecting ropes 7 are uniformly distributed by taking the central axis of the pressing plate as the center; the other end of the first connecting rope 7 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a second connecting rope 8; the first connecting rope 7 passes through the space between the support plate 4 and the inner wall of the shell 1; the connection point of the first connecting rope 7 and the second connecting rope 8 is positioned right below the central point of the support plate 4; the lower end of the second connecting rope 8 is fixedly connected with a gravity ball 9; the surface of the periphery below the shell 1 is fixedly connected with a circular ring 11; a retainer ring 12 is fixedly connected to the vertical side surface of the circular ring 11; the cross section of the retainer ring 12 is in a circular truncated cone shape; the vertical height from the lower end of the retainer ring 12 to the circular ring 11 is greater than the vertical height from the lower end of the shell 1 to the circular ring 11; a plurality of through holes 13 are uniformly formed in the circular ring 11 by taking the central axis of the circular ring 11 as the center; a mounting nail 14 is connected in the through hole 13 in a sliding manner;

when the gravity-driven type automatic control device works, in an initial state, the gravity center of the gravity ball 9 is positioned on the central axis of the shell 1, and the lower part of the gravity ball 9 is just parallel to the lower end of the shell 1; the length of the mounting nail 14 is larger than the height of the retainer ring 12;

when the early warning platform is required to be installed, the distance between one end, far away from the circular ring 11, of the check ring 12 and the lower end of the shell 1 is measured, an embedded ring of the check ring 12 is dug out at a monitoring point, the early warning platform is placed in the embedded ring, so that the lower end of the shell 1 is just contacted with the earth surface, the lower end of the shell 1 is parallel to the lower end of the gravity ball 9, the lower end of the gravity ball 9 is just contacted with the earth surface at the moment, then earth is buried, the installation nail 14 is placed in the through hole 13, the installation nail 14 is slowly nailed into the earth by a small hammer, damage to internal parts of the detection module 2 caused by overlarge vibration generated in the process is avoided, after the installation is finished, deformation of the earth surface can be detected by the detection module 2 adopting GNSS positioning at a plurality of monitoring points, then the detection module 2 uploads the measured data to the inside of a terminal system for gathering, and a program algorithm preset in the terminal system is adopted, resolving the GNSS combined observed value uploaded by the detection module 2, realizing the fixation of the double-difference ambiguity unit calendar of the combined system, further realizing the large-scale monitoring and analysis of the earth surface deformation and obtaining the final result, thereby finally confirming the earth surface deformation degree of each monitoring point, dividing risk areas with different degrees and early warning the monitoring points with higher risk degree; meanwhile, when the detection module 2 detects and warns the deformation of the earth surface, the accuracy of data of the detection module 2 for detecting the deformation of the earth surface can be improved by arranging the gravity ball 9, after the device is installed, the gravity ball 9 just contacts the earth surface, the first connecting rope 7 and the second connecting rope 8 are still in a tightened state, under the action of the gravity ball 9, the lower surface of the pressing plate 6 is in contact with the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 through the first connecting rope 7 and the second connecting rope 8, the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 is installed on the supporting plate 4, the supporting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular truncated cone shape in the shell 1 through a plurality of connecting rods 3, so that the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 and the pressing plate 6 are in a balanced state, the initial value at the moment is recorded, when the earth surface of a monitoring point of a mining area is sunk and deformed, the gravity ball 9 is heavy enough at the moment, under the action of the gravity ball 8, the first connecting rope 7 and the second connecting rope 8 press the pressing plate 6, the pressing plate 6 extrudes the fiber grating pressure sensor 5, data measured by the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 is received by the detection module 2, the detection module 2 sends the measured data to the terminal system, the terminal system judges whether the surface deformation exceeds a preset peak value or not by comparing initial state values, and carries out early warning on a monitoring point exceeding the peak value, so that the accuracy of detecting the surface deformation is effectively improved, early warning is timely carried out on the monitoring point, the safety of mining area operation is improved, meanwhile, the monitoring data generated by different data sources are compared and analyzed, the precision of monitoring by the detection module 2 by utilizing the GNSS technology can be further improved, and errors are reduced; when rainy day, this application is through setting up retaining ring 12, make retaining ring 12 lower extreme bury among the earth, can avoid this application place monitoring point to receive the rainwater influence effectively, and the soft degree that leads to earth increases, thereby avoid this application to lead to the inaccuracy of measured data because of the soft degree change of the earth of 9 circles of gravity ball, and can avoid the device because of debris striking this application such as pea gravel through retaining ring 12, and lead to this application measuring result inaccurate, can strengthen the protection to this device simultaneously, improve its life.

As an embodiment of the invention, the circumferential surface of the pressure plate 6 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell 1 through an elastic membrane 15; the upper surface of the supporting plate 4 is fixedly connected with a plurality of fiber bragg grating pressure sensors 5; the fiber bragg grating pressure sensors 5 are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the supporting plate 4 by taking the central axis as the center;

when the device works, when the ground surface of a mining area deforms, the gravity ball 9 presses the pressing plate 6 downwards through the first connecting rope 7 and the second connecting rope 8, and the circumferential surface of the pressing plate 6 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell 1 through the elastic membrane 15, so that the problem that the ground surface deformation data detected by the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 is inaccurate due to the fact that the pressing plate 6 is excessively pressed downwards and friction force exists between the circumferential surface of the pressing plate 6 and the inner wall of the shell 1 because the ground surface deformation degree is small is effectively avoided, the accuracy of monitoring the ground surface deformation is effectively improved, and the timeliness of early warning on monitoring points of the mining area is effectively improved; when this application installation slope installation, when the earth's surface warp clamp plate 6 and push down, the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 of gradient highest department receives maximum pressure, later upload to the system terminal through the data that a plurality of fiber grating pressure sensor 5 surveyed, record data under the contrastive analysis initial condition again, can make this application under the tilt state, still can carry out effective and accurate detection to earth's surface deformation, and provide the tilt state of this device, with concrete inclination data, provide more monitoring data, and then can reachd the earth's surface deformation degree of each monitoring point according to data analysis, carry out the early warning to the higher monitoring point of danger degree, effectively improve the practicality of this application apparatus.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a first magnet 16 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second connecting rope 8; a plurality of second magnets 17 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular part in the shell 1 from top to bottom; the upper end of the second magnet 17 at the lowest part in the shell 1 inclines towards the direction close to the central axis of the shell 1; the first magnet 16 and the second magnet 17 repel each other;

when in work, the first magnet 16 arranged on the outer surface of the second connecting rope 8 and the plurality of second magnets 17 which are uniformly and fixedly connected from top to bottom on the inner wall of the rectangular part in the shell 1 are arranged, and the first magnet 16 and the second magnets 17 are mutually repelled, can effectively reduce the offset between the gravity center of the gravity ball 9 and the central axis of the shell 1, avoid the gravity ball 9 from contacting the inner wall of the shell 1, when the surface is deformed, under the action of the gravity ball 9, the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 5 is accurately extruded by the pressing plate 6 in time, thereby improving the timeliness of the early warning when the ground surface is deformed, meanwhile, the upper end of the second magnet 17 at the lowest part in the shell 1 inclines towards the direction close to the central axis of the shell 1, and the second magnet 17 and the gravity ball 9 repel each other, so that the annular second magnet 17 further limits the gravity ball 9, and the possibility of the contact between the gravity ball 9 and the inner wall of the shell 1 is reduced.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of grooves 18 are formed below the surface of the retainer ring 12 on the side close to the gravity ball 9; the grooves 18 and the through holes 13 are designed in a one-to-one correspondence manner; an inserting block 19 is hinged below the groove 18; the upper end of the insert block 19 is inclined towards the direction of the circular ring 11, and the upper end of the insert block 19 extends out of the groove 18; the upper end of the inner wall of the groove 18 at one side far away from the central axis of the shell 1 is provided with a magnetic block 21;

when the device works, before the retainer ring 12 is buried underground, the magnetic block 21 is firstly placed at the upper end of the inner wall of the groove 18 at one side far away from the central axis direction of the shell 1, because the magnetic block 21 and the inserting block 19 are mutually attracted, and the upper end of the inserting block 19 extends out of the groove 18, under the action of the magnetic block 21, the upper end of the inserting block 19 at one side far away from the central axis direction of the shell 1 is in surface contact with the surface of the retainer ring 12 at one side close to the central axis direction of the shell 1, after the retainer ring 12 is buried underground, the one end of the upper end of the inserting block 19 extending out of the groove 18 can effectively prevent the device of the application from being toppled over under the action of wind power, and meanwhile, the inserting block 19 is designed at a round angle above one side close to the circular ring 11, so that the inserting block 19 can be smoothly buried in underground soil, meanwhile, the upper end of the inserting block 19 can be smoothly pierced into the soil under the action of external force, a barb structure is formed, and the possibility that the device is forcibly pulled up is reduced, the stability of the device is ensured.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a guide hole 22 is formed in the retainer ring 12; one end of the guide hole 22 is communicated with the surface of the retainer ring 12 on one side close to the central axis of the shell 1, and the other end is communicated with the inner wall of the groove 18 on one end far away from the circular ring 11; a pull rope 23 is connected in the guide hole 22 in a sliding manner; one end of the pull rope 23 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the magnetic block 21, and the other end of the pull rope is detachably connected to the outer surface of the mounting nail 14;

when the device works, before the retainer ring 12 is buried underground, one end of the pull rope 23 far away from the magnetic block 21 is fixedly arranged on the mounting nail 14, after the retainer ring 12 is buried underground, when the mounting nail 14 is knocked downwards by a small hammer, the mounting nail 14 drives the pull rope 23 to move in the guide hole 22, so that the pull rope 23 pulls the magnetic block 21 to move towards the lower part of the inner part of the groove 18 and move downwards along with the magnetic block 21, the magnetic block 21 contacts and extrudes the insertion block 19 far away from the side surface of the central axis of the shell 1, because the lower end of the insertion block 19 is hinged between the grooves 18, the upper end of the insertion block 19 moves towards the side direction close to the central axis of the shell 1, after the mounting nail 14 is fixed, the insertion block 19 is inserted into soil, when wind acts, the insertion block 19 can be effectively inserted into the soil to fix the device, and because the magnetic block 21 extrudes the insertion block 19, the movement track of the insertion block 19 is arc, and when wind-force acted on the device of this application, the power that the inserted block 19 received was multidirectional, and inserted block 19 can not be according to former arc orbit motion, consequently inserted block 19 can effectually fix this application, improves the overall stability effect of this device, and then improves the accuracy that this application detected to the earth's surface deformation for this device can in time carry out the early warning when the earth's surface is out of shape.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a sliding groove 24 is formed inside the ring 11 around the through hole 13; the cross section of the sliding groove 24 is in a circular truncated cone shape; a plurality of sliding blocks 25 are connected inside the sliding groove 24 in a sliding manner; the surface of one side of the sliding block 25 close to the central axis of the through hole 13 is matched with the surface of the mounting nail 14;

when the device works, in the process of putting the mounting nail 14 into the through hole 13, because the surface formed by splicing the surfaces of the sliding blocks 25 close to one side of the central axis of the through hole 13 is matched with the outer surface of the mounting nail 14, the mounting nail 14 can smoothly pass through the through hole 13, when the mounting nail 14 is hammered downwards by a small hammer, because the surface of the periphery of the mounting nail 14 close to the upper part is rough, and the surface of the sliding block 25 close to one side of the central axis of the through hole 13 is also rough, when the mounting nail 14 moves downwards, the rough surface of the mounting nail 14 and the rough surface of the sliding block 25 are mutually staggered, after the device is fixed, the mounting nail 14 and the sliding block 25 are fixed simultaneously, when the device is subjected to external force, because the cross section of the sliding groove 24 is in a circular truncated cone shape, the surface of one side of the central axis of the sliding block 25 far from the through hole 13 is matched with the inner wall of the sliding groove 24, so that the sliding blocks 25 are limited by the sliding groove 24, make the unable upward movement of slider 25, slider 25 and installation nail 14 can not upward movement promptly, make the device of this application under receiving the effect of external force, installation nail 14 nail firmly among earth, under the combined action of inserted block 19, the fastness of further improvement this application installation, and then can effectually be warp to the earth's surface and detect, in time convey the detection data that the earth's surface warp, carry out the early warning to the higher place of each monitoring point earth's surface deformation degree, improve the practicality of this device.

The specific implementation flow is as follows:

when the gravity-driven type automatic control device works, in an initial state, the gravity center of the gravity ball 9 is positioned on the central axis of the shell 1, and the lower part of the gravity ball 9 is just parallel to the lower end of the shell 1; the length of the mounting nail 14 is larger than the height of the retainer ring 12;

when the early warning platform of the application needs to be installed, the distance between one end of the retainer ring 12 far away from the circular ring 11 and the lower end of the shell 1 is measured, digging out the embedded ring of the retainer ring 12 at a monitoring point, placing the early warning platform in the embedded ring, the lower end of the shell 1 just contacts the earth surface, because the lower end of the shell 1 is parallel to the lower part of the gravity ball 9, the lower part of the gravity ball 9 just contacts the earth surface, before the retainer ring 12 is buried underground, one end of the pull rope 23 far away from the magnetic block 21 is fixedly arranged on the mounting nail 14, the magnetic block 21 is arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the groove 18 at one side far away from the central axis direction of the shell 1, because the magnetic block 21 and the inserting block 19 are mutually attracted, the upper end of the insert block 19 extends out of the groove 18, so that under the action of the magnetic block 21, the surface of the upper end of the insert block 19, which is far away from the central axis of the shell 1, contacts the surface of the retainer ring 12, which is close to the central axis of the shell 1;

after the retainer ring 12 is buried underground, when a hammer is used for knocking the mounting nail 14 downwards, the mounting nail 14 drives the pull rope 23 to move in the guide hole 22, so that the pull rope 23 pulls the magnetic block 21 to move towards the inner lower part of the groove 18 and moves downwards along with the magnetic block 21, the magnetic block 21 contacts and extrudes the insertion block 19 on the surface of one side far away from the central axis of the shell 1, because the lower end of the insertion block 19 is hinged with the groove 18, the upper end of the insertion block 19 moves towards the direction close to one side of the central axis of the shell 1 at the moment, after the mounting nail 14 is fixed, the insertion block 19 is inserted into soil, and when wind force acts, the insertion block 19 can be effectively inserted into the soil to fix the device;

after the device is fixed, when the device is acted by external force, the cross section of the sliding groove 24 is in a circular truncated cone shape, the surface of one side of the sliding block 25, which is far away from the central axis of the through hole 13, is matched with the inner wall of the sliding groove 24, so that the sliding blocks 25 are limited by the sliding groove 24, the sliding blocks 25 cannot move upwards, namely the sliding blocks 25 and the mounting nails 14 cannot move upwards, and the mounting nails 14 are firmly nailed in soil under the action of the external force;

after the installation is finished, the earth surface deformation can be detected through a detection module 2 which adopts GNSS positioning and is provided with a plurality of monitoring points, then the detection module 2 uploads the measured data to the inside of a terminal system for gathering, the GNSS combined observed value uploaded by the detection module 2 is resolved through a program algorithm preset in the terminal system, the fixation of a double-difference ambiguity unit of the combined system is realized, the large-scale earth surface deformation monitoring and analysis are further realized, the final result is obtained, the earth surface deformation degree of each monitoring point is finally confirmed, risk areas with different degrees are divided, and the monitoring points with higher risk degree are early warned; meanwhile, when the detection module 2 detects and warns the deformation of the earth surface, the accuracy of data of the detection module 2 for detecting the deformation of the earth surface can be improved by arranging the gravity ball 9, after the device is installed, the gravity ball 9 just contacts the earth surface, the first connecting rope 7 and the second connecting rope 8 are still in a tightened state, under the action of the gravity ball 9, the lower surface of the pressing plate 6 is in contact with the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 through the first connecting rope 7 and the second connecting rope 8, the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 is installed on the supporting plate 4, the supporting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular truncated cone shape in the shell 1 through a plurality of connecting rods 3, so that the fiber grating pressure sensor 5 and the pressing plate 6 are in a balanced state, the initial value at the moment is recorded, when the earth surface of a monitoring point of a mining area is sunk and deformed, the gravity ball 9 is heavy enough at the moment, under the effect of gravity ball 8, rope 8 pushes down clamp plate 6 is connected with the second to first connecting rope 7, clamp plate 6 extrudees fiber grating pressure sensor 5, make the data that fiber grating pressure sensor 5 surveyed be accepted by detection module 2, detection module 2 records data transmission to terminal system with it, terminal system judges whether the earth's surface warp exceeds predetermined peak value through contrast initial state value, carry out the early warning to the monitoring point that exceeds the peak value, effectively improve the accuracy that this application detected the earth's surface and warp, in time carry out the early warning to this monitoring point, improve the security of mining area operation.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.