阅读说明：本技术 车载相控阵天线波束调节方法、装置、设备及存储介质 (Vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting method, device, equipment and storage medium ) 是由 蒋俊 殷源 王海明 方凯 吕浩炯 王景康 高原 苏志敏 杜欣怡 唐韬 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种车载相控阵天线波束调节方法,包括：在列车运行过程中到达轨道梁的目标点时,获取车载相控阵天线在预定点的位置信息；根据该位置信息和当前通信的地面相控阵天线的位置信息,对车载相控阵天线的波束角度进行调节,以使列车到达预定点时车载相控阵天线的波束对准地面相控阵天线；基于预定点对应的环境数据,对车载相控阵天线的波束宽度进行调节,以使列车到达预定点时车载相控阵天线的波束的接收功率和接收信噪比最大。应用本申请所提供的技术方案,实现了相控阵天线的实时对准和实时动态的波束形状调节,提高了线路整体覆盖性和通信可靠性。本申请还公开了一种车载相控阵天线波束调节装置、设备及存储介质,具有相应技术效果。(The application discloses a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting method, which comprises the following steps: when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, acquiring the position information of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point; adjusting the beam angle of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the position information and the position information of the currently communicated ground phased array antenna, so that the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches a predetermined point; and adjusting the beam width of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point so as to maximize the receiving power and the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna when the train reaches the predetermined point. By applying the technical scheme provided by the application, the real-time alignment and the real-time dynamic beam shape adjustment of the phased array antenna are realized, and the overall coverage and the communication reliability of the line are improved. The application also discloses a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting device, equipment and a storage medium, and the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting device has corresponding technical effects.)

1. A method for adjusting a beam of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna, comprising:

when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, acquiring the position information of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a predetermined point, wherein the predetermined point is in front of the target point in the running direction of the train;

determining the position information of the current communication ground phased array antenna according to the line data;

according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna so that the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point, and the receiving power is maximum;

and adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point so as to maximize the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna when the train reaches the predetermined point.

2. The method for adjusting the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point comprises:

determining a first obstacle concentration of the predetermined point based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point;

if the first obstacle concentration is greater than a preset concentration threshold, searching a first relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristic of the preset point for a first beam width corresponding to the first obstacle concentration;

adjusting a horizontal width and a vertical width of a beam of the on-board phased array antenna based on the first beam width.

3. The method for beam adjustment of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna of claim 2, further comprising:

and if the first obstacle density is less than or equal to the density threshold, adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the track surface data between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna.

4. The method for adjusting the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point comprises:

determining the environmental characteristics and the second obstacle intensity of the predetermined point based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point;

looking up a second beam width corresponding to the second obstacle concentration in a second relation table corresponding to the environmental feature of the predetermined point;

adjusting a horizontal width and a vertical width of a beam of the on-board phased array antenna based on the second beam width.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the relational table corresponding to each environmental characteristic is established by:

collecting environmental data along a track;

analyzing the collected environmental data, and determining the obstacle density corresponding to each environmental characteristic;

aiming at each obstacle density corresponding to each environment characteristic, in the position with the obstacle density, the phased array antenna is repeatedly scanned and trained to obtain the receiving signal-to-noise ratio under different transmitting beam widths, and the corresponding relation between the obstacle density and the beam width with the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio is added into a relation table corresponding to the environment characteristic.

6. The method for adjusting a beam of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting a horizontal angle and a vertical angle of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the predetermined point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna comprises:

determining a horizontal included angle and a vertical included angle of a straight line between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna at the preset point relative to the current wave beam direction according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna;

and adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the horizontal angle and the vertical angle.

7. The on-board phased array antenna beam adjustment method according to any of claims 1 to 4, 6, characterized in that the target point comprises a start point and/or an end point of a track beam.

8. A vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjustment apparatus, comprising:

the train-mounted phased array antenna position acquisition module is used for acquiring the position information of the train-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, wherein the preset point is in front of the target point in the running direction of the train;

the ground phased array antenna position determining module is used for determining the position information of the ground phased array antenna in current communication according to the line data;

the beam angle adjusting module is used for adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, so that the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point, and the received power is maximum;

and the beam width adjusting module is used for adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the preset point so as to enable the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna to be maximum when the train reaches the preset point.

9. An on-vehicle phased array antenna beam adjustment apparatus, comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for implementing the steps of the method of beam adjustment of a vehicle phased array antenna according to any of claims 1 to 7 when executing said computer program.

10. A computer readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for beam adjustment of a vehicle phased array antenna according to any of the claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for adjusting a beam of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna.

Background

With the progress of science and technology, the construction of high-speed railways is more and more intensive, and great convenience is provided for people to go out. In the running process of the high-speed railway train, the train-ground communication system plays an important role.

At present, a 38 GHz-based maglev train ground communication system uses a fixed beam antenna, and a schematic composition diagram of the fixed beam antenna is shown in fig. 1, wherein an output signal of a radio frequency circuit radiates high-frequency electromagnetic waves through a waveguide feed source, and then the high-frequency electromagnetic waves are shaped by a reflecting surface beam. The antenna has the disadvantages of large size, fixed beam, few radio frequency channels, etc. Moreover, because the geographic environment around the line is diversified, long and straight sections, curves, ramps, tunnels and the like in the line are all available, the fixed beam antenna scheme easily causes poor overall coverage of the line, has low communication reliability, and is not easy to meet the coverage requirements of different current scenes, and the development requirements of modern railways with low system delay and high reliability under high-speed movement of trains.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting method, a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting device, vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting equipment and a storage medium, so that the overall coverage of a line is improved, and the communication reliability is improved.

In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides the following technical scheme:

a method for adjusting a beam of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna comprises the following steps:

when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, acquiring the position information of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a predetermined point, wherein the predetermined point is in front of the target point in the running direction of the train;

determining the position information of the current communication ground phased array antenna according to the line data;

according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna so that the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point, and the receiving power is maximum;

and adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point so as to maximize the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna when the train reaches the predetermined point.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, the adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point includes:

determining a first obstacle concentration of the predetermined point based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point;

if the first obstacle concentration is greater than a preset concentration threshold, searching a first relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristic of the preset point for a first beam width corresponding to the first obstacle concentration;

adjusting a horizontal width and a vertical width of a beam of the on-board phased array antenna based on the first beam width.

In one embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

and if the first obstacle density is less than or equal to the density threshold, adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the track surface data between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, the adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point includes:

determining the environmental characteristics and the second obstacle intensity of the predetermined point based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point;

looking up a second beam width corresponding to the second obstacle concentration in a second relation table corresponding to the environmental feature of the predetermined point;

adjusting a horizontal width and a vertical width of a beam of the on-board phased array antenna based on the second beam width.

In one embodiment of the present application, the relationship table corresponding to each environmental characteristic is established by the following steps:

collecting environmental data along a track;

analyzing the collected environmental data, and determining the obstacle density corresponding to each environmental characteristic;

aiming at each obstacle density corresponding to each environment characteristic, in the position with the obstacle density, the phased array antenna is repeatedly scanned and trained to obtain the receiving signal-to-noise ratio under different transmitting beam widths, and the corresponding relation between the obstacle density and the beam width with the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio is added into a relation table corresponding to the environment characteristic.

In one embodiment of the present application, the adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the predetermined point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna includes:

determining a horizontal included angle and a vertical included angle of a straight line between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna at the preset point relative to the current wave beam direction according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna;

and adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the horizontal angle and the vertical angle.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, the target point comprises a starting point and/or an ending point of the track beam.

An on-board phased array antenna beam conditioning apparatus, comprising:

the train-mounted phased array antenna position acquisition module is used for acquiring the position information of the train-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, wherein the preset point is in front of the target point;

the ground phased array antenna position determining module is used for determining the position information of the ground phased array antenna in current communication according to the line data;

the beam angle adjusting module is used for adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, so that the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point, and the received power is maximum;

and the beam width adjusting module is used for adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the preset point so as to enable the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna to be maximum when the train reaches the preset point.

An on-board phased array antenna beam adjustment apparatus, comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for implementing the steps of the method for beam adjustment of a vehicle phased array antenna of any of the above when executing the computer program.

A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for beam adjustment of a vehicle phased array antenna of any of the preceding claims.

By applying the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point is acquired, meanwhile, the position information of the ground phased array antenna in current communication is determined according to line data, the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna are adjusted according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, and the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna are adjusted based on environment data corresponding to the preset point. The real-time alignment and real-time dynamic beam shape adjustment of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna are realized, the beam gain in a specific direction is maximum, meanwhile, the multipath transmission of signals can be reduced through the adjustment of the beam angle and the beam width, better wireless coverage is guaranteed, the overall coverage of a circuit is improved, and the communication reliability is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic levitation 38GHz antenna in the related art;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the architecture of a magnetic levitation train ground wireless communication system based on a millimeter wave phased array antenna in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a millimeter wave phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of a method for adjusting a beam of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a scene with dense obstacles according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a scenario with fewer obstacles in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam adjustment device for a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjustment apparatus in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In an actual train operation scene, a train-ground wireless communication system must seamlessly cover all partitions of the whole line, and the requirements of the system on transmission delay and delay jitter need to be met. However, because the environment along the railway is complex, the density of obstacles is different, and meanwhile, the gradient and curvature of the track surface also change along with the running of the train, the fixed beam antenna in the related technology cannot dynamically change the beam angle and width, and the coverage effect under different scenes is time-consuming and time-consuming, so that the transmission performance is unstable, and the normal interaction of train-ground services and the safe and reliable running of the train are affected.

The core of the application is to provide a vehicle-mounted phased-array antenna beam adjusting method, in particular to a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave phased-array antenna beam adjusting method based on positions. By adjusting the horizontal angle, the vertical angle, the horizontal width and the vertical width of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam, the maximum beam gain in a specific direction is realized, the multipath transmission of signals is reduced, the receiving signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and better wireless coverage is ensured.

The magnetic levitation train ground wireless communication system based on the millimeter wave phased array antenna can adopt the architecture shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, the terrestrial millimeter wave phased array RBS is deployed in a comb-like fashion across the trackside, controlled by the sectorized radio control unit. The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave phased array MBS is deployed at the head and the tail of the vehicle and is controlled by the vehicle-mounted radio control unit. And the ground millimeter wave phased array RBS and the vehicle millimeter wave phased array MBS are communicated through 5G millimeter waves.

The ground millimeter wave phased array RBS and the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave phased array MBS have the same internal structure and mainly comprise a millimeter wave phased array antenna and a baseband processing unit, wherein the baseband processing unit mainly realizes signal modulation and demodulation and external interconnection, the millimeter wave phased array antenna mainly realizes the functions of millimeter wave signal receiving and transmitting, beam forming, signal frequency conversion, filter, local oscillator frequency generation and the like, and the beam adjusting function is mainly realized in the part.

Fig. 3 shows the internal structure of the millimeter wave phased array antenna. The millimeter wave phased array antenna adopts a double-sided bidirectional radiation structure. The ground millimeter wave phased array antenna is configured to be fixed in beam direction and beam width, and the beam width of the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave phased array MBS is required to meet the requirements of different terrains and different track surface gradients and curvatures, so that the beam needs to be dynamically adjusted in real time. As shown in fig. 3, the digital intermediate frequency and beam control unit may control the TR component array and the phased array antenna array to achieve beam pointing and beam width adjustment of multiple active channels, achieve beam forming and spatial beam synthesis on multiple channels, complete directional reception and transmission of millimeter wave signals, and contribute to effectively increasing the received power in a desired direction and increasing the signal coverage.

In the embodiment of the present application, the Digital intermediate frequency and beam control unit in the millimeter wave phased Array antenna may adopt a software radio design architecture of "FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) + DSP (Digital Signal Process)", and the beam direction and width are automatically adjusted by a beam adjustment algorithm in software.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Referring to fig. 4, which is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of a beam adjustment method for a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method may include the following steps:

s410: and when the train reaches a target point of the track beam in the running process, acquiring the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point.

Wherein the predetermined point is ahead of the target point in the train traveling direction.

In the embodiment of the present application, the position where the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application is executed, that is, the target point on the track beam, may be preset and triggered, and when the train reaches the target point of the track beam during the operation of the train, the execution of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application is triggered, and the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is adjusted, so that the adjustment of the beam angle and the beam width of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is completed when the train reaches the predetermined point, thereby ensuring that the beam adjustment of the phased array antenna is real-time and effective, reducing possible misadjustment, and enhancing the stability of the system.

In addition, because the time required for phased array antenna beam adjustment is generally in the millisecond level and is far less than the time required for a train to pass through one track beam, and the track beam is a straight line segment, for the same track beam, the curvature and the gradient of the track surface cannot be greatly changed, therefore, the beam adjustment operation can be triggered when the train starts to enter the track beam, or the beam adjustment operation can be triggered when the train reaches the tail area of the track beam. I.e. the target point may comprise a starting point and/or an end point of the track beam. Correspondingly, when the target point is the starting point of the track beam, the predetermined point is a point in the tail area of the track beam, and when the target point is the ending point of the track beam, the predetermined point is a point in the head area of the track beam.

When the train reaches a target point of the track beam in the running process, the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point can be acquired. Specifically, the position information of the on-vehicle phased array antenna at a predetermined point can be predicted from the positioning information.

S420: and determining the position information of the current communication ground phased array antenna according to the line data.

In the embodiment of the application, the line data can be obtained through data acquisition or through a railway operation department. Location information for the trackside deployed terrestrial phased array antennas may be included in the line data. According to the line data, the position information of the ground phased array antenna currently communicated with the train can be inquired.

S430: and adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, so that the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point, and the receiving power is maximum.

When a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point is acquired, meanwhile, the position information of the currently communicated ground phased array antenna can be determined according to line data, and the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna can be adjusted according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, so that the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point, and the receiving power of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is the maximum when the train reaches the preset point.

Specifically, the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the straight line between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the predetermined point and the ground phased array antenna relative to the current beam direction can be determined according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the predetermined point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, and then the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna are adjusted based on the horizontal angle and the vertical angle. The horizontal included angle and the vertical included angle between the adjusted wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and a straight line between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the ground phased array antenna are kept within the set angle range as small as possible, so that the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point. The received power of the on-board phased array antenna is maximized when its beam is directed at the terrestrial phased array antenna.

S430: and adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environmental data corresponding to the preset point so as to maximize the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point.

In the embodiment of the application, the data of the environment around the track can be obtained through data acquisition and the like. The environment data may include track information such as long straight tracks, curves, ramps, tunnels, etc., and may also include obstacle information such as the type of obstacle, whether dense, etc. The environment data corresponding to the predetermined point may be environment data within a certain range from the predetermined point to the currently communicating ground phased array antenna.

Based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point, the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna can be adjusted, so that the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is maximum when the train reaches the predetermined point, and the gain of the beam in the specific direction is maximum.

By applying the method provided by the embodiment of the application, when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point is acquired, meanwhile, the position information of the currently communicated ground phased array antenna is determined according to line data, the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna are adjusted according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, and the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna are adjusted based on the environment data corresponding to the preset point. The real-time alignment and real-time dynamic beam shape adjustment of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna are realized, the beam gain in a specific direction is maximum, meanwhile, the multipath transmission of signals can be reduced through the adjustment of the beam angle and the beam width, better wireless coverage is guaranteed, the overall coverage of a circuit is improved, and the communication reliability is improved.

In an embodiment of the present application, adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point may include:

the method comprises the following steps: determining a first obstacle concentration of the predetermined point based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point;

step two: if the first obstacle concentration is greater than a preset concentration threshold, searching a first relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristics of the preset point for a first beam width corresponding to the first obstacle concentration;

step three: the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the on-board phased array antenna are adjusted based on the first beam width.

For convenience of description, the above three steps are combined for illustration.

In the embodiment of the present application, a relationship table corresponding to each environmental feature may be pre-established through testing, field detection, and the like, and for each environmental feature, the relationship table corresponding to the environmental feature may include a beam width of a maximum received signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to different obstacle densities under the environmental feature.

The environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point may be obtained first, and the first obstacle density of the predetermined point may be determined based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point. Specifically, the first obstacle concentration of the predetermined point may be determined according to the total number of obstacles in the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point or the number of obstacles in the unit area. For example, if the total number of obstacles in the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point is greater than a set first threshold, the first obstacle concentration of the predetermined point may be determined to be one level, if the total number of obstacles in the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point is less than or equal to the first threshold and greater than a second threshold, the first obstacle concentration of the predetermined point may be determined to be two levels, and if the total number of obstacles in the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point is less than the second threshold, the first obstacle concentration of the predetermined point may be determined to be three levels. Wherein the first threshold is greater than the second threshold. The first obstacle density of the predetermined point can be determined according to the number or coverage degree of different obstacles in the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point, if the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point is a mountain environment, the first obstacle density of the predetermined point can be determined according to the number of mountain peaks and the coverage degree of vegetation, and if the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point is an urban environment, the first obstacle density of the predetermined point can be determined according to the coverage degree of buildings and vegetation.

The obstacles may include vegetation, buildings, mountains, and the like.

Based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined points, environmental characteristics of the predetermined points can also be determined. The environmental characteristic is used to represent a characteristic of an environment in which the predetermined point is located. After the first obstacle density of the predetermined point is determined, the first obstacle density can be further compared with a preset density threshold, and if the first obstacle density is greater than the density threshold, it can be considered that the obstacles in the environment where the predetermined point is located are too dense, and the influence on phased array antenna signal transmission and the like is large.

As shown in fig. 5, the scene is a scene with dense obstacles. In this case, the first beam width corresponding to the first obstacle concentration may be looked up in the first relation table corresponding to the environmental feature of the predetermined point. The first relation table includes the beam width of the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to different obstacle concentrations under the environmental characteristics of the predetermined point, that is, the first beam width corresponding to the searched first obstacle concentration can reach the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio.

After the first beam width is found, the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna can be adjusted based on the first beam width, so that the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna can reach the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio.

When the first obstacle density is larger than the density threshold, the first beam width corresponding to the first obstacle density is searched through the first relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristics of the preset point, and the beam width of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is adjusted based on the first beam width, so that the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio is achieved, and the communication reliability is improved.

In one embodiment of the present application, the method may further comprise the steps of:

and if the first obstacle density is less than or equal to the density threshold, adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the track surface data between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna.

In the embodiment of the present application, after determining the first obstacle density of the predetermined point and comparing the first obstacle density with the preset density threshold, if the first obstacle density is less than or equal to the density threshold, it may be considered that there are fewer obstacles in the environment where the predetermined point is located, and the influence on signal transmission of the phased array antenna is small, as shown in fig. 6, a scene with fewer obstacles is provided. In this case, the influence of the track surface reflection can be mainly considered. The horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna can be adjusted according to the track surface data between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna.

The track surface data may include a slope and curvature of the track surface. Specifically, the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam can be determined by the slope and the curvature of the orbital plane and adjusted to avoid orbital plane reflection in the communication area and reduce multipath effects.

When the first obstacle density is small, the beam width of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is adjusted directly through the track surface data between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna, track surface reflection is avoided, and the multipath effect is reduced. When the first obstacle density is large, a good effect may not be achieved through simple calculation, so that the first beam width corresponding to the first obstacle density is searched through a pre-established relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristics of the predetermined point, the beam width of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is adjusted based on the first beam width, and the influence caused by the multipath effect is reduced.

In an embodiment of the present application, adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point may include:

the first step is as follows: determining the environmental characteristics and the second obstacle density of the predetermined point based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point;

the second step is that: searching a second beam width corresponding to the second obstacle concentration in a second relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristics of the predetermined point;

the third step: the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the on-board phased array antenna are adjusted based on the second beam width.

For convenience of description, the above three steps are combined for illustration.

In the embodiment of the present application, the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point is obtained first, and based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point, the second obstacle intensity of the predetermined point may be determined. Specifically, the second obstacle density at the predetermined point may be determined according to the total number of obstacles in the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point, or the number of obstacles/coverage degree in a unit area, and the like. The obstacles may include vegetation, buildings, mountains, and the like.

Based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined points, environmental characteristics of the predetermined points can also be determined. After determining the second obstacle concentration at the predetermined point, a second beam width corresponding to the second obstacle concentration may be looked up in a second relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristic at the predetermined point. The second relation table includes the beam width corresponding to the maximum received signal-to-noise ratio under the environmental characteristics of the predetermined point, that is, the second beam width corresponding to the searched second obstacle density can reach the maximum received signal-to-noise ratio.

After the second beam width is found, the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna can be adjusted based on the second beam width, so that the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna can reach the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio.

In one embodiment of the present application, the relationship table corresponding to each environmental characteristic may be established by the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: collecting environmental data along a track;

step two: analyzing the collected environmental data, and determining the obstacle density corresponding to each environmental characteristic;

step three: aiming at each obstacle density corresponding to each environment characteristic, in the position with the obstacle density, the phased array antenna is repeatedly scanned and trained to obtain the receiving signal-to-noise ratio under different transmitting beam widths, and the corresponding relation between the obstacle density and the beam width with the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio is added into a relation table corresponding to the environment characteristic.

For convenience of description, the above three steps are combined for illustration.

In the embodiment of the application, the environmental data along the track can be collected in advance, the environmental data can include topographic and geomorphic data, population flow data and the like, the track is not limited to a certain track along the track and can be a plurality of tracks, and the more the collected environmental data is, the more the establishment of the subsequent relation table is, the more the establishment is accurate.

After the environmental data along the track are collected, the environmental data can be analyzed, various environmental characteristics are obtained from the environmental data, and the obstacle densities corresponding to different environmental characteristics are determined based on the environmental data. The same environmental characteristic may correspond to a plurality of obstacle concentrations.

Aiming at each obstacle density corresponding to each environment characteristic, the receiving signal-to-noise ratio under different transmitting beam widths can be obtained by repeated scanning training of the phased array antenna at the position with the obstacle density, the corresponding relation between the obstacle density and the beam width with the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio is obtained, and the corresponding relation is added into a relation table corresponding to the environment characteristic.

Specifically, after acquiring the environmental data along the track, a multipath effect test can be performed on a typical environment characteristic scene with different obstacle densities in the obstacle dense area around the track, and for each environment characteristic, the receiving power value under the condition of different transmitting beam widths is measured at the position with different obstacle densities through repeated scanning training of the phased array antenna, as shown in fig. 5, the beam width realizing the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio under different obstacle densities is found out, and a corresponding relation table of the obstacle densities and the optimal beam width under the condition of various environment characteristics is drawn according to the beam width.

The relation table corresponding to each environment characteristic is established in advance, and the corresponding relation between the density of different obstacles and the optimal beam width under the corresponding environment characteristics is recorded in the relation table, so that the optimal beam width can be obtained based on the corresponding relation table when the beam width is adjusted, and the beam width can be accurately adjusted.

In another embodiment of the present application, a relation table between the obstacle concentration and the optimal beam width under different environmental characteristics can be obtained based on a machine learning algorithm, and the optimization is continuously updated.

In addition, factors such as terrain, obstacle concentration, gradient and curvature of a track surface are considered, factors such as weather and running speed in the actual running of the train also influence wireless coverage, and the factors can be integrated to correspondingly adjust the beam.

In summary, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application mainly has the following advantages:

the advantages of the 5G millimeter wave phased array technology and the software radio technology are combined, and the high directivity and flexible coverage of the wave beam are realized through automatic wave beam adjustment of the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave phased array antenna;

different scenes are divided according to the obstacle concentration, a relation table is obtained by adopting beam scanning training in a region with higher obstacle concentration, the beam width is determined by searching the relation table, and a beam reflection evasion method based on the track gradient and curvature is adopted in a region with lower obstacle concentration, so that the low complexity of the algorithm is realized, and the actual effect of beam adjustment in the actual complex environment is ensured;

in the obstacle dense area, a corresponding relation table of building density and optimal beam width is obtained by performing repeated beam scanning training on road sections of a plurality of typical terrain environments in advance, and effectiveness of beam adjustment in different scenes is guaranteed. The corresponding relation table of the terrain and track surface data along the railway and the building density and the optimal beam width can be stored on the vehicle-mounted local equipment, complex vehicle-ground data interaction and processing are not needed, and the rapid beam adjustment of the train in high-speed operation is ensured;

the train carries out beam adjustment calculation on the position in advance before reaching a preset point, so that real-time and effective phased array antenna beam adjustment is ensured, possible error adjustment is reduced, and the system stability is enhanced;

the device can adapt to different environmental characteristics and the gradient and curvature of the track surface, and has strong effectiveness. For the change of environment and the slope curvature of the track surface, the embodiment of the application considers the influence of different environment characteristics, different track surface slopes and curvatures on wireless coverage, can adopt different beam adjustment algorithms for scenes with different environments and obstacle density degrees, and obtains a corresponding table of the obstacle density degree and the optimal beam width matched with actual environment conditions through beam scanning training completed in advance so as to realize coverage optimization under different environment characteristics, track surface slopes and curvatures;

effectively reducing the fast fading and the time delay expansion of the channel. Because the environmental characteristics and the obstacle density of the actual line are different, the phased array antenna deployment effect of the actual line is poor through the multipath calculation of the simple propagation model, and the optimal beam width under different obstacle densities obtained through the beam scanning training on the line has more practical reference significance and can really reduce the influence caused by the multipath effect;

the radiation power is large, and the coverage distance is long. The space directional synthesis of a plurality of channels is realized through phased array beam adjustment, and the radiation power density in the target direction is increased;

the received signal has a high signal-to-noise ratio. The phased array realizes directional reception through space beam forming of a plurality of receiving channels, and can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of signals, thereby reducing the bottom noise of a receiver and further improving the receiving sensitivity;

the real-time performance is high. By carrying out beam adjustment calculation on the position in front of the advancing train in advance, the real-time effectiveness of beam adjustment is ensured, and the reduction of the actual coverage effect caused by untimely beam adjustment is avoided.

The reliability is high. The calculation of the obstacle density and the optimal beam width under different environmental characteristics is acquired and calculated before the line operation, so that the real-time calculation amount of software and hardware of the phased array antenna can be reduced, and communication faults caused by the fact that the calculation amount exceeds the processing threshold of equipment are avoided.

Corresponding to the above method embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting apparatus, and the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting apparatus described below and the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting method described above may be referred to correspondingly.

Referring to fig. 7, the apparatus may include the following modules:

the train-mounted phased array antenna position acquisition module 710 is used for acquiring the position information of the train-mounted phased array antenna at a predetermined point when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, wherein the predetermined point is in front of the target point in the running direction of the train;

a ground phased array antenna position determining module 720, configured to determine, according to the line data, position information of a ground phased array antenna currently communicating;

the beam angle adjusting module 730 is used for adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, so that the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point, and the receiving power is maximum;

and the beam width adjusting module 740 is configured to adjust the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environment data corresponding to the predetermined point, so that the received signal-to-noise ratio of the beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is the maximum when the train reaches the predetermined point.

By applying the device provided by the embodiment of the application, when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a preset point is acquired, meanwhile, the position information of the ground phased array antenna which is currently communicated is determined according to line data, the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna are adjusted according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, and the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna are adjusted based on environment data corresponding to the preset point. The real-time alignment and real-time dynamic beam shape adjustment of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna are realized, the beam gain in a specific direction is maximum, meanwhile, the multipath transmission of signals can be reduced through the adjustment of the beam angle and the beam width, better wireless coverage is guaranteed, the overall coverage of a circuit is improved, and the communication reliability is improved.

In one embodiment of the present application, the beam width adjusting module 740 is configured to:

determining a first obstacle concentration of the predetermined point based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point;

if the first obstacle concentration is greater than a preset concentration threshold, searching a first relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristics of the preset point for a first beam width corresponding to the first obstacle concentration;

the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the on-board phased array antenna are adjusted based on the first beam width.

In an embodiment of the present application, the beam width adjusting module 740 is further configured to:

and if the first obstacle density is less than or equal to the density threshold, adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna according to the track surface data between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna.

In one embodiment of the present application, the beam width adjusting module 740 is configured to:

determining the environmental characteristics and the second obstacle density of the predetermined point based on the environmental data corresponding to the predetermined point;

searching a second beam width corresponding to the second obstacle concentration in a second relation table corresponding to the environmental characteristics of the predetermined point;

the horizontal width and the vertical width of the beam of the on-board phased array antenna are adjusted based on the second beam width.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, the method further includes a relationship table establishing module, configured to establish a relationship table corresponding to each environmental characteristic through the following steps:

collecting environmental data along a track;

analyzing the collected environmental data, and determining the obstacle density corresponding to each environmental characteristic;

aiming at each obstacle density corresponding to each environment characteristic, in the position with the obstacle density, the phased array antenna is repeatedly scanned and trained to obtain the receiving signal-to-noise ratio under different transmitting beam widths, and the corresponding relation between the obstacle density and the beam width with the maximum receiving signal-to-noise ratio is added into a relation table corresponding to the environment characteristic.

In an embodiment of the present application, the beam angle adjusting module 730 is configured to:

determining a horizontal included angle and a vertical included angle of a straight line between the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna and the ground phased array antenna at a preset point relative to the current beam direction according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna;

and adjusting the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the horizontal angle and the vertical angle.

In one embodiment of the application, the predetermined point is before a target point in the train travelling direction, the target point comprising a starting point and/or an ending point of the track beam.

Corresponding to the above method embodiment, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting apparatus, including:

a memory for storing a computer program;

and the processor is used for realizing the steps of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting method when executing the computer program.

As shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic diagram of a structure of a vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting apparatus, the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting apparatus may include: a processor 10, a memory 11, a communication interface 12 and a communication bus 13. The processor 10, the memory 11 and the communication interface 12 all communicate with each other through a communication bus 13.

In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 10 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit, a digital signal processor, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, etc.

The processor 10 may invoke a program stored in the memory 11, and in particular, the processor 10 may perform operations in embodiments of the on-board phased array antenna beam adjustment method.

The memory 11 is used for storing one or more programs, the program may include program codes, the program codes include computer operation instructions, in this embodiment, the memory 11 stores at least the program for implementing the following functions:

when a train reaches a target point of a track beam in the running process, acquiring the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at a predetermined point, wherein the predetermined point is in front of the target point in the running direction of the train;

determining the position information of the current communication ground phased array antenna according to the line data;

according to the position information of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna at the preset point and the position information of the ground phased array antenna, the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna are adjusted, so that the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna is aligned to the ground phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point, and the receiving power is maximum;

and adjusting the horizontal width and the vertical width of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna based on the environmental data corresponding to the preset point so as to maximize the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the wave beam of the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna when the train reaches the preset point.

In one possible implementation, the memory 11 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function (such as a location determination function, a data processing function), and the like; the storage data area may store data created during use, such as beam angle data, beam width data, and the like.

Further, the memory 11 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device or other volatile solid state storage device.

The communication interface 12 may be an interface of a communication module for connecting with other devices or systems.

It should be noted that, of course, the structure shown in fig. 8 does not constitute a limitation to the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting apparatus in the embodiment of the present application, and the vehicle-mounted phased array antenna beam adjusting apparatus may include more or less components than those shown in fig. 8 in practical applications, or some components may be combined.

Corresponding to the above method embodiments, this application embodiment further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above vehicle-mounted phased-array antenna beam adjustment method.

The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

The principle and the implementation of the present application are explained in the present application by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the technical solution and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.