阅读说明：本技术 一种pcd切削钻头及应用其的加工方法 (PCD cutting drill bit and machining method applying same ) 是由 李培帅 李克坤 刘士杰 朱星晓 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及超硬切削刀具的领域,尤其是涉及一种PCD切削钻头及应用其的加工方法,PCD切削钻头包括与切削刀具的本体相连接的工作部,还包括设置于工作部远离本体一端的多个切削部,每个所述的切削部远离工作部的一端的端面上设置有多个切削齿。本申请的多个切削齿,可以增大PCD切削钻头与碳化硅基体毛坯之间的接触面积,切削齿可以在切削刀具高频振动旋转过程中对碳化硅基体毛坯的表面进行微量敲打、挤压和磨削,从而实现对碳化硅基体毛坯的微孔加工,减少了在加工过程中引发的碳化硅基体毛坯崩碎的可能性,实现了碳化硅基体毛坯的精密加工和精致加工,同时也极大的提高了加工效率。(The application relates to the field of superhard cutting tools, in particular to a PCD cutting bit and a processing method using the PCD cutting bit. The utility model provides a plurality of cutting teeth, can increase the area of contact between PCD cutting bit and the silicon carbide matrix blank, the cutting tooth can beat, extrude and the grinding in the surface of cutting tool high-frequency vibration rotation in-process to the silicon carbide matrix blank to the realization is to the micropore processing of silicon carbide matrix blank, the probability that the silicon carbide matrix blank that causes collapses garrulous in the course of working has been reduced, the precision finishing and the exquisite processing of silicon carbide matrix blank have been realized, simultaneously also very big improvement machining efficiency.)

1. A PCD cutting bit, comprising a working portion (2) connected to a body (1) of a cutting tool, characterized in that: the PCD cutting drill bit further comprises a plurality of cutting parts (31) arranged at one end, far away from the body (1), of the working part (2), and a plurality of cutting teeth (32) are arranged on the end face of one end, far away from the working part (2), of each cutting part (31).

2. A PCD cutting bit according to claim 1, wherein: each cutting tooth (32) is in the shape of a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid.

3. A PCD cutting bit according to claim 2, wherein: a chip groove (33) is formed between two adjacent cutting teeth (32), and a plurality of chip grooves (33) are arranged to form a grid shape.

4. A PCD cutting bit according to claim 1, wherein: and a space is reserved between two adjacent cutting parts (31), and the space is a chip groove (34).

5. A method of machining using a PCD cutting bit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising the steps of:

s100, preprocessing a PCD cutting drill bit;

s200, mounting the body and the PCD cutting drill bit on an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device;

s300, clamping a silicon carbide substrate blank;

and S400, carrying out micropore machining on the silicon carbide substrate blank by using a PCD cutting drill.

6. A method of working with a PCD cutting bit in accordance with claim 5, wherein:

the step S200 includes:

s210, mounting the body and the PCD cutting drill bit on a tool shank of an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device;

s220, detecting the jumping condition of the PCD cutting bit by using a tool setting gauge to obtain detection data.

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of superhard cutting tools, in particular to a PCD cutting bit and a processing method applying the PCD cutting bit.

Background

In the 21 st century, as the demand for product performance in industrial fields is higher and higher, the demand for the use of materials is also higher. Materials with high strength, high hardness and high wear resistance are widely used in various extreme service environments, but the materials of the type have the problems of difficult processing, large processing brittleness, low processing precision and the like when the materials are subjected to precision processing.

Silicon carbide, as an inorganic non-metallic material, has been known for a long time for its characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, good damping and shock absorption, and is widely used in four fields of functional ceramics, high-grade refractory materials, abrasive materials and metallurgical raw materials. However, the silicon carbide material is applied on the premise that the silicon carbide material is processed, and due to the characteristics of high hardness, high brittleness and the like of the silicon carbide material, when the drill bit in the related art is used for processing holes of the silicon carbide material, the silicon carbide material is greatly damaged, so that the silicon carbide material is easily broken, and the loss and the waste of the silicon carbide material are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the problem that when a drill bit with a related technical structure conducts hole machining on a silicon carbide material, the drill bit can generate large damage on the silicon carbide material, the silicon carbide material is easy to break, and loss and waste of the silicon carbide material are caused, the PCD cutting drill bit and the machining method applying the PCD cutting drill bit are provided.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a PCD cutting bit, employing the following technical scheme:

a PCD cutting drill bit comprises a working part connected with a body of a cutting tool, and further comprises a plurality of cutting parts arranged at one end, far away from the body, of the working part, and a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged on the end face of one end, far away from the working part, of each cutting part.

By adopting the technical scheme, a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged, the contact area between the PCD cutting bit and the silicon carbide matrix blank can be increased, the cutting teeth can knock, extrude and grind the surface of the silicon carbide matrix blank in the high-frequency vibration and rotation process of the cutting tool, so that the micropore processing of the silicon carbide matrix blank is realized, the possibility of breakage of the silicon carbide matrix blank caused in the processing process is reduced, the damage to the silicon carbide matrix blank during processing is reduced, the precision processing and the precision processing of the silicon carbide matrix blank are realized, and the processing efficiency is greatly improved.

Optionally, each cutting tooth is shaped as a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid.

Optionally, a chip groove is formed between two adjacent cutting teeth, and a plurality of chip grooves are arranged to form a grid shape.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cutting teeth are in the shape of the regular quadrangular frustum pyramid, so that the chip removal groove is formed between the two adjacent cutting teeth, the heat dissipation area of the cutting part is increased, the physical abrasion and the graphitizing chemical abrasion caused by thermal softening of the PCD cutting bit in the cutting process are reduced, and diamond sp is effectively inhibited³-sp²In the conversion process of the hybrid mode, the plurality of chip grooves are arranged to form a grid shape, so that the strength of the PCD cutting bit can be balanced, and the service life of the PCD cutting bit is prolonged.

Optionally, a space is left between two adjacent cutting portions, and the space is a chip groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the PCD cutting drill bit is used for processing the silicon carbide matrix blank, the generated accumulated chips can enter the chip groove and are discharged through the chip groove, so that the influence of the accumulated chips on the processing process is reduced, and the effective processing of the cutting part on the silicon carbide matrix blank is improved.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for machining a PCD cutting bit, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a processing method using a PCD cutting bit comprises the following processing steps:

s100, preprocessing a PCD cutting drill bit;

s200, mounting the body and the PCD cutting drill bit on an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device;

s300, clamping a silicon carbide substrate blank;

and S400, carrying out micropore machining on the silicon carbide substrate blank by using a PCD cutting drill.

By adopting the technical scheme, the PCD cutting drill bit is combined with the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device to carry out micropore processing on the silicon carbide substrate blank, so that the size of the processed micropore is controlled within a tolerance range of +/-0.005 mm, the processing precision of the silicon carbide substrate is effectively improved, the surface smoothness of the silicon carbide substrate is also improved, the possibility of breakage of the silicon carbide substrate blank caused in the processing process is reduced, and the requirement of micropore processing of the silicon carbide substrate blank is met.

Optionally, step S200 includes:

s210, mounting the body and the PCD cutting drill bit on a tool shank of an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device;

s220, detecting the jumping condition of the PCD cutting bit by using a tool setting gauge to obtain detection data.

By adopting the technical scheme, the tool setting gauge is used for detecting the jumping condition of the PCD cutting drill bit to obtain the jumping parameter of the PCD cutting drill bit, so that the size precision of micropore processing can be improved, and the qualification rate of silicon carbide substrate finished products is improved.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the cutting teeth can knock, extrude and grind the surface of the silicon carbide matrix blank in a micro-scale manner in the high-frequency vibration and rotation process of the cutting tool, so that the micropore processing of the silicon carbide matrix blank is realized, the possibility of cracking of the silicon carbide matrix blank caused in the processing process is reduced, the damage to the silicon carbide matrix blank during processing is reduced, the precision processing and the precision processing of the silicon carbide matrix blank are realized, and the processing efficiency is greatly improved;

2. the shape of the cutting teeth is regular quadrangular frustum pyramid, so that the cutting teeth are in the same phaseA chip groove is formed between two adjacent cutting teeth, so that the heat dissipation area of the cutting part is increased, the physical abrasion and the graphitized chemical abrasion caused by thermal softening of the PCD cutting bit in the cutting process are reduced, and the diamond sp is effectively inhibited³-sp²In the conversion process of the hybrid mode, a plurality of chip grooves are arranged to form a grid shape, so that the strength of the PCD cutting bit can be balanced, and the service life of the PCD cutting bit is prolonged;

3. the PCD cutting drill bit is combined with the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device to carry out micropore processing on the silicon carbide substrate blank, so that the size of the processed micropore is controlled within a tolerance range of +/-0.005 mm, the processing precision of the silicon carbide substrate is effectively improved, the surface smoothness of the silicon carbide substrate is also improved, the possibility of collapse of the silicon carbide substrate blank caused in the processing process is reduced, and the requirement of micropore processing of the silicon carbide substrate blank is met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a drill bit and body according to the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a process flow diagram of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. body, 2, working portion, 21, working chip groove, 31, cutting portion, 32, cutting tooth, 33, chip groove, 34, chip groove.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.

The embodiment of the application discloses a PCD cutting drill bit and a processing method using the same.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a PCD cutting bit is fixedly connected to one end of a body 1 of a cutting tool, and includes a working portion 2, one end of the working portion 2 is fixedly connected to the body 1, five cutting portions 31 are provided on an end surface of the other end thereof, and the five cutting portions 31, the working portion 2 and the body 1 are welded and fixed by high frequency welding.

The cutting portion 31 is made of polycrystalline diamond, and the body 1 is made of cemented carbide.

Four working chip grooves 21 are formed in the outer side wall of the working portion 2, and the four working chip grooves 21 are obliquely arranged.

One cutting part 31 is located at the center of one end face of the working part 2, the other four cutting parts 31 are located at the outer side of the cutting part 31 and are uniformly distributed around the cutting part 31, the four cutting parts 31 located at the outer side are fixedly connected with the cutting part 31 located at the center, the cross section of the cutting part 31 located at the center is square, the cross sections of the other four cutting parts 31 are fan-shaped, and the arc surface of the cutting part 31 located at the outer side, far away from the cutting part 31 located at the center, and the outer side wall of the working part 2 are located on the same horizontal plane.

A space is formed between two adjacent cutting parts 31, the space is a chip groove 34, the chip groove 34 is U-shaped, and the four cutting parts 31 are uniformly distributed around the cutting part 31 at the central position, so that the four chip grooves 34 are regularly distributed, and the chip grooves 34 are correspondingly arranged with the working chip discharge grooves 21 and are communicated with each other.

The length of the chip groove 34 is 0.49mm, the width is 0.2mm, the shape of the chip groove 34 can also be trapezoidal or square, and the shape of the chip groove 34 can be adjusted according to the requirement of the chip discharge amount.

The five cutting portions 31 may be formed by cutting an integral cutting portion having the same diameter as the working portion 2, four chip pockets 34 being formed in the integral cutting portion, and the five cutting portions 31 being formed in the uncut portion. According to the unequal tooth design, the four chip flutes 34 can be designed into an unequal structure, and at the moment, the four chip flutes 34 are in the unequal structure, so that the distribution of the four cutting parts 31 arranged around the cutting part 31 at the central position is also in uneven distribution, and the vibration of the PCD cutting bit in the machining process can be reduced.

A plurality of cutting teeth 32 are formed on the end face of one end of each cutting part 31 far away from the working part 2, the plurality of cutting teeth 32 are machined on each cutting part 31 by a five-axis laser device (EWAG) picosecond cold working process, and each cutting tooth 32 is in the shape of a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid. The upper base side of each cutting tooth 32 is 0.008mm long. A plurality of chip grooves 33 are formed between two adjacent cutting teeth 32, and the plurality of chip grooves 33 are arranged in a grid shape.

The cutting teeth 32 may also be shaped as triangular or pentagonal.

Referring to fig. 3, a method for machining a PCD cutting bit includes the steps of:

s100, preprocessing a PCD cutting bit:

s110, placing the PCD cutting drill bit into a mixed solution of acetone and absolute ethyl alcohol in a volume ratio of 3:2 for ultrasonic cleaning, then cleaning the PCD cutting drill bit with alcohol, and drying the PCD cutting drill bit with a blower;

s120, checking whether the body is greasy dirt or not, and if so, wiping the body clean by using a dust-free cloth;

s130, checking whether oil stains exist at the positions where the body and the PCD cutting bit need to be installed in the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining device, if so, wiping the body and the PCD cutting bit clean by using dust-free cloth, and installing the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining device on a numerical control machine tool.

S200, mounting the body and the PCD cutting drill bit on an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device:

s210, mounting the body and the cleaned and dried PCD cutting drill bit on a cutter handle of the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device, and checking whether clamping is fixed;

s220, detecting the jumping condition of the PCD cutting bit by using the tool setting gauge to obtain detection data, wherein the smaller the jumping of the PCD cutting bit is, the higher the machining precision of the micropore can be, the tool length of the cutting tool is measured, and the tool length of the cutting tool is input into an operation system of the numerical control machine tool, so that the subsequent machining is facilitated.

S300, clamping a silicon carbide substrate blank:

s310, checking whether the working table surface of the numerical control machine tool is greasy or not, and if so, wiping the working table surface clean by using dust-free cloth;

and S320, fixing the silicon carbide substrate blank on an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary processing device, and checking whether clamping is firm or not.

S400, processing the silicon carbide matrix blank by using a PCD cutting drill:

s410, before machining, starting a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool by a heat engine to rotate at a high speed for 5-10 min, starting a power supply of an ultrasonic generator of the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining device to operate the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining device for 5-10 min, and increasing the stability of the machine tool and the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary machining device;

s420, calibrating X, Y, Z axis machining zero coordinates of the numerical control machine tool, and detecting the surface position of the silicon carbide substrate blank by using a probe of the numerical control machine tool;

s430, starting a machining program of the numerical control machine tool, and starting to machine the silicon carbide substrate blank;

s440, the silicon carbide substrate blank is beaten, extruded and ground in a micro mode through the plurality of cutting teeth, chips after cutting are discharged through the chip removal groove, the chip containing groove and the working chip removal groove, after the micropore machining process is completed, the silicon carbide substrate is taken down, micropores are measured, if the micropores meet the requirements, the silicon carbide substrate finished product is qualified, and if the micropores do not meet the requirements, the silicon carbide substrate is reworked or repaired.

In the machining process of the PCD cutting drill bit, the machine tool is used for carrying out high-speed rotation and high-frequency vibration, the micro-hole machining of the silicon carbide substrate blank is realized by the plurality of cutting teeth, and the size of the machined micro-hole can be controlled within a tolerance range of +/-0.005 mm.

Acetone: c₃H₆O, 800 ml; anhydrous ethanol: CH (CH)₃CH₂OH，1200ml。

The method is not only suitable for the silicon carbide material, but also suitable for other materials similar to the silicon carbide material.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.