阅读说明：本技术 一种多孔合金电极的制备方法及应用 (Preparation method and application of porous alloy electrode ) 是由 瞿广飞 季炜 潘科衡 汤慧敏 李应丽 于 2021-08-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多孔合金电极的制备方法,该多孔合金电极是采用脱合金化法制得Ni-Cu-La-P多孔合金电极,采用滴涂法将纳米γ-Fe-(2)O-(3)负载到多孔合金电极上,再通过电沉积法在电极表面负载光催化剂制得,将所制得多孔合金电极应用在光照条件下处理含微塑料的有机废水且降低析氢过电位中,不仅可明显降低电解水阴极析氢过电位,还能去除水中微塑料、有机污染物,且去除率为90%以上,本发明制备工艺简单,易操作,电极使用方便,适于工业化生产和市场推广应用。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous alloy electrode, wherein the porous alloy electrode is a Ni-Cu-La-P porous alloy electrode prepared by a dealloying method, and nano gamma-Fe is prepared by a dripping coating method 2 O 3 The porous alloy electrode is loaded on a porous alloy electrode, and then the photocatalyst is loaded on the surface of the electrode by an electrodeposition method to prepare the porous alloy electrode, the prepared porous alloy electrode is applied to treating organic wastewater containing micro-plastics under the illumination condition and reducing the overpotential of hydrogen evolution, not only can the overpotential of hydrogen evolution of the cathode of electrolyzed water be obviously reduced, but also the micro-plastics and organic pollutants in water can be removed, and the removal rate is more than 90%.)

1. The preparation method of the porous alloy electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) adding Al powder 50-80 wt%, Ni powder 7.5-25 wt%, Cu powder 5-15 wt%, P powder 2-4 wt% and La powder 0.5-1 wt% into a vacuum ball mill, and adding into a vacuum ball mill, and grinding in a vacuum ball mill, adding into a vacuum ball mill, adding a ball mill, and a ball mill, adding a ball mill, and adding a ball mill, and a ball mill, wherein the ball mill is added with the ball mill₂Ball-milling the mixed material for 100-120min under the atmosphere;

(2) putting the mixed material into a mold, pressing under 10-20MPa to obtain a rough blank, putting the rough blank into a corundum crucible, then putting the corundum crucible into a vacuum high-frequency induction smelting furnace for smelting, preserving heat for 2-8h at the temperature of 900 ℃ under the Ar atmosphere and 850-;

(3) putting the cut small alloy blocks into a vacuum melt-spun machine to prepare a Ni-Cu-La-P-Al alloy strip with the width of 2-5mm and the thickness of 20-50 mu m;

(4) placing the alloy strip in NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 20-45%, carrying out Al removal treatment for 12-48h at 40-80 ℃ to obtain a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy strip, washing the alloy strip to be neutral by deionized water and ethanol, and drying;

(5) firstly, adopting a dripping coating method to coat the nano gamma-Fe₂O₃Loading the porous alloy electrode with BiOX and MnO on the surface of the porous alloy electrode by electrodeposition₂、ZnO、SnO₂、ZrO₂And CdS, wherein X is halogen, to obtain the porous alloy electrode.

2. The method for producing a porous alloy electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of Ni powder is less than 20 μm, the particle size of Al powder is less than 20 μm, the particle size of La powder is less than 10 μm, the particle size of Cu powder is less than 20 μm, and the particle size of P powder is less than 10 μm.

3. The method for producing a porous alloy electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the ball materials in the vacuum ball milling tank is 4-6:1, the revolution is 80-200r/min, the operation time is 15-45min, and the gap is 10-15 min.

4. Use of the porous alloy electrode prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 3 for treating organic wastewater containing micro-plastics and reducing hydrogen evolution overpotential under illumination conditions.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a porous alloy electrode and application of the porous alloy electrode in treating organic wastewater containing micro-plastics and reducing hydrogen evolution overpotential under an illumination condition.

Background

The theoretical voltage of water electrolysis is 1.23V in thermodynamics, but in reality, the actual water electrolysis voltage is larger than the theoretical voltage due to factors such as overlarge hydrogen evolution overpotential of a cathode, and the key points of realizing large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production are that the electrolysis energy consumption is reduced and the hydrogen evolution overpotential is reduced.

In order to reduce the hydrogen evolution overpotential, two ways of screening good electrode materials and increasing the electrode surface area are commonly used. The noble metal Pt is widely applied to hydrogen evolution materials, but the noble metal content is low, and the cost is high. The electrode material having excellent screening performance is generally screened out to be inexpensive and to have a small hydrogen evolution overpotential. Transition metals such as Ni and Fe and metal alloys thereof have excellent conductivity and smaller hydrogen evolution overpotential, and commonly used nickel alloys and iron alloys are available. Meanwhile, researches show that the structure and current distribution condition of the electrode material can be effectively improved by adding some rare earth metals into the alloy, and hydrogen evolution overpotential can be well reduced. For increasing the surface area of the electrode, the porous electrode can be prepared by different preparation methods, and the common electrode preparation methods include an electrodeposition method, a template method, a dealloying method and the like, wherein the dealloying method is widely applied due to the fact that the preparation process is simple and the porous electrode is easy to prepare.

Fiber micro-plastics are proved to be main micro-plastic pollutants in water environment in a large amount of researches, and the fiber micro-plastics are more from the shedding of fine fibers (primary micro-plastics) of synthetic fiber fabrics in the washing and protecting process besides from the breakage and degradation (secondary micro-plastics) of fishing lines and fishing nets discarded in the water environment, however, the fiber micro-plastics are more easily broken under various environments, so that a large amount of secondary micro-plastics are released, and the micro-plastic pollution is further aggravated.

Micro-plastic pollution seriously threatens global ecological safety, but the prior art cannot effectively deal with the micro-plastic crisis, and an efficient and low-energy-consumption technology is urgently needed for degrading the micro-plastic. The micro plastic which is widely distributed in a water body and participates in the reaction in the process of electrolyzing water to separate out hydrogen, so that a large number of side reactions are generated to influence the hydrogen separation efficiency, and the energy consumption of hydrogen separation is increased. The method has the advantages that the method is important for ensuring the quality of hydrogen, reducing excessive energy consumption generated in the hydrogen evolution process, reducing hydrogen evolution overpotential and ensuring the quality of a water source.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a porous alloy electrode, which adopts a dealloying method to prepare a Ni-Cu-La-P porous alloy electrode and adopts a dripping method to carry out nano gamma-Fe₂O₃The electrode material is loaded on a porous alloy electrode, and then a photocatalyst is loaded on the surface of the electrode through an electro-deposition method, so that the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the electrode material can be greatly reduced, the hydrogen production capacity is improved, the photocatalyst has high activity under the electro-catalysis stimulation, and organic matters which are difficult to degrade in electrolyte are degraded. Loading the photocatalyst on the surface of the electrode by electrodeposition, and controlling the number of cycles to adjust the thickness of the photocatalyst on the surface of the electrode, wherein the photocatalyst is nano gamma-Fe₂O₃The catalyst loses electrons under the action of current and is easy to form Fe²⁺OH, O produced in cooperation with photocatalysis₂Is fromThe Fenton reaction is activated by the base group, so that the degradation capability of the electrode is greatly enhanced, and meanwhile, the photocatalyst is selected to excite electron transfer under the illumination condition to become an excited state, so that the electron transfer on the surface of the electrode can be effectively adjusted, and the photocatalyst has certain photocatalytic oxidation reduction capability, and can remove micro-plastics and organic pollutants in water.

The method of the invention is specifically operated as follows

(1) Adding Al powder 50-80 wt%, Ni powder 7.5-25 wt%, Cu powder 5-15 wt%, P powder 2-4 wt% and La powder 0.5-1 wt% into a vacuum ball mill, and adding into a vacuum ball mill, and grinding in a vacuum ball mill, adding into a vacuum ball mill, adding a ball mill, and a ball mill, adding a ball mill, and adding a ball mill, and a ball mill, wherein the ball mill is added with the ball mill₂Ball-milling the mixed material for 100-120min under the atmosphere;

the particle size of the Ni powder is less than 20 mu m, the particle size of the Al powder is less than 20 mu m, the particle size of the La powder is less than 10 mu m, the particle size of the Cu powder is less than 20 mu m, and the particle size of the P powder is less than 10 mu m;

the mass ratio of the ball materials in the vacuum ball milling tank is 4-6:1, the revolution is 80-200r/min, the operation time is 15-45min, and the gap is 10-15 min;

(2) putting the mixed material into a mold, pressing under 10-20MPa to obtain a rough blank, putting the rough blank into a corundum crucible, then putting the corundum crucible into a vacuum high-frequency induction smelting furnace for smelting, preserving heat for 2-8h at the temperature of 900 ℃ under the Ar atmosphere and 850-;

(3) putting the cut small alloy blocks into a vacuum melt-spun machine to prepare a Ni-Cu-La-P-Al alloy strip with the width of 2-5mm and the thickness of 20-50 mu m;

(4) placing the alloy strip in NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 20-45%, carrying out Al removal treatment for 12-48h at 40-80 ℃ to obtain a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy strip, washing the alloy strip to be neutral by deionized water and ethanol, and drying;

(5) firstly, adopting a dripping coating method to coat the nano gamma-Fe₂O₃Loading on porous alloy electrode, and depositing BiOX and MnO on the upper surface of porous alloy electrode by electrodeposition₂、ZnO、SnO₂、ZrO₂And CdS, wherein X is halogen, to obtain the porous alloy electrode.

The invention also aims to apply the porous alloy electrode prepared by the method to the treatment of organic wastewater containing micro-plastics under the illumination condition and the reduction of hydrogen evolution overpotential.

The invention has the advantages and technical effects that:

1. the electrode material is prepared by a dealloying method, has high surface area and can provide more reaction sites, Ni-Cu-La-P alloy is used as a main body, transition metal Ni has lower hydrogen evolution overpotential, and P enables active sites to be uniformly distributed by adjusting current distribution, so that hydrogen is generated by electrolyzing water to need lower voltage;

2. the addition of the rare earth metal La is beneficial to adjusting the material structure, reducing the electrode corrosion, improving the electrode stability, increasing the current density and reducing the hydrogen evolution overpotential;

3. the invention loads nano gamma-Fe on the surface of a Ni-Cu-La-P porous electrode₂O₃Then, an electro-deposition method is adopted to load a photocatalyst on the upper surface of the porous alloy electrode to modify the electrode, so that the hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon can be reduced, the electrode strength is increased, the electrode corrosion is reduced, and the service life of the electrode is prolonged; gamma-Fe₂O₃The Fenton reaction can be indirectly excited at the cathode, and after the Fenton reaction is matched with the photocatalyst, the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst can be excited through illumination energy, so that the electron transfer can be promoted, and the micro-plastics and organic pollutants in water can be degraded.

4. The preparation process is simple, easy to operate and convenient to use, and is suitable for industrial production and market popularization and application.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail by the following specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1: the preparation method of the porous alloy electrode in the embodiment is as follows:

(1) adding 75 mass percent of Al powder, 12.5 mass percent of Ni powder, 10 mass percent of Cu powder, 2 mass percent of P powder and 0.5 mass percent of La powder into a vacuum ball milling tank, and introducing N₂Putting the ball milling tank into a ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of ball materials is 5:1, the revolution is 100r/min, the operation time is 30min, the gap is 10min, and the total time is 120 min;

(2) pressing with isostatic press, and placing the mixture into a mold with diameter of 15mmPressing at 20MPa for 20min to obtain a coarse blank with a diameter of 15mm, placing the coarse blank in a corundum crucible, then placing the corundum crucible in a vacuum high-frequency induction smelting furnace for smelting, keeping the temperature at 900 ℃ for 3h under Ar atmosphere, taking out the smelted alloy, cooling, and cutting into 1cm³Polishing the surface oxide layer of the small cube block;

(3) putting the small square blocks into a quartz tube, placing the quartz tube into a vacuum melt-spun machine, heating to melt metal, introducing argon gas with the pressure of 0.12-0.15MPa above the quartz tube, spraying a liquid alloy onto a copper roller with the pressure of 25r/s from the tail end of the quartz tube, and enabling an alloy solution to be in contact with the copper roller and thrown out to be rapidly solidified to form a Ni-Cu-La-P-Al alloy strip;

(4) placing the alloy strip in NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 25%, carrying out Al removal treatment for 32h at 65 ℃ to obtain a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy strip, washing the alloy strip to be neutral by deionized water and ethanol, and drying for 6h at 60 ℃;

(5) firstly, adopting a dripping coating method to coat the nano gamma-Fe₂O₃Loading on porous alloy electrode, specifically, Fe (NO)₃)₃∙9H₂Dissolving O in ethylene glycol to obtain 2mmol/L Fe (NO)₃)₃Solution, then adding Fe (NO)₃)₃Uniformly dripping the solution on the surface of a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy strip, drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 80 ℃, repeating the dripping process for 5 times, heating to 500 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and treating for 3h to obtain the loaded nano gamma-Fe₂O₃The porous Ni-Cu-La-P electrode of (1);

(6) using a three-electrode system to prepare the loaded nano gamma-Fe₂O₃The porous Ni-Cu-La-P slice is used as a working electrode, a platinum electrode is used as an auxiliary electrode, a saturated calomel electrode is used as a reference electrode, and an electrolyte solution is 8mmol/LMnSO₄+0.1mol/LH₂SO₄Solution, adopting cyclic voltammetry to electrodeposit MnO on a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode₂Particles, the scanning range is-1-1.6V, the scanning speed is 10mV/s, and the number of scanning turns is 40 turns; removing excessive impurities on the surface of the electrode by using deionized water, drying at 80 ℃ for 4h, and then sintering at 300 ℃ for 3h to obtain gamma-Fe₂O₃/MnO₂Modifying to obtain a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode;

the prepared porous electrode plate has the width of 2-5mm, the thickness of 30 mu m and the specific surface area of 126m³(ii)/g, pore size of 100-300 nm; at room temperature, gamma-Fe will be prepared₂O₃/MnO₂The modified porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode is used as a working electrode for electrochemical test, and the result shows that the current density is 150mA/cm₃When the reaction is carried out, the initial potential of hydrogen evolution is-1.44V, and the overpotential of hydrogen evolution is 70 mV; the electrode of the embodiment is used for treating methyl orange wastewater containing micro plastic, wherein the content of PVC of the micro plastic is 0.5mg/L, the particle size is less than 5mm, and the initial content of organic matters is 1mg/L, the prepared porous electrode is used as a cathode, a stainless steel electrode is used as an anode, 1.3V voltage is applied, the cathode starts to produce hydrogen under the action of the voltage, a 345nm fluorescent lamp is applied above the electrode to generate ultraviolet radiation, after the organic wastewater is treated for 10 hours under the condition, the methyl orange concentration in the organic wastewater is detected to be 0.04mg/L, the degradation rate reaches 96%, the content of PVC is only 0.04mg/L, the degradation rate reaches 92%, and after the electrode works for 10 hours, the performance is stable, which indicates that the electrode material has stronger stability.

Example 2: the preparation method of the porous alloy electrode in the embodiment is as follows:

(1) adding 55 mass percent of Al powder, 25 mass percent of Ni powder, 15 mass percent of Cu powder, 4 mass percent of P powder and 1 mass percent of La powder into a vacuum ball milling tank, and introducing N₂Putting the ball milling tank into a ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of ball materials is 4:1, the revolution is 150r/min, the operation time is 20min, the gap is 15min, and the total time is 110 min;

(2) pressing by an isostatic press, putting the mixed material into a die with the diameter of 15mm, pressing for 30min under 15MPa to obtain a rough blank with the diameter of 15mm, putting the rough blank into a corundum crucible, then putting the corundum crucible into a vacuum high-frequency induction smelting furnace for smelting, keeping the temperature for 4h under Ar atmosphere at 900 ℃, taking out the smelted alloy, cooling, and cutting into 1cm by wire³Polishing the surface oxide layer of the small cube block;

(3) putting the small square blocks into a quartz tube, placing the quartz tube into a vacuum melt-spun machine, heating to melt metal, introducing argon gas with the pressure of 0.12-0.15MPa above the quartz tube, spraying a liquid alloy onto a copper roller with the pressure of 25r/s from the tail end of the quartz tube, and enabling an alloy solution to be in contact with the copper roller and thrown out to be rapidly solidified to form a Ni-Cu-La-P-Al alloy strip;

(4) placing the alloy strip in 35% NaOH solution, carrying out Al removal treatment at 45 ℃ for 40h to obtain a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy strip, washing the alloy strip to be neutral by deionized water and ethanol, and drying at 65 ℃ for 5 h;

(5) firstly, adopting a dripping coating method to coat the nano gamma-Fe₂O₃Loading on porous alloy electrode, specifically, Fe (NO)₃)₃∙9H₂Dissolving O in ethylene glycol to obtain 2.5mmol/L Fe (NO)₃)₃Solution, then adding Fe (NO)₃)₃Uniformly dripping the solution on the surface of a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy strip, drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 80 ℃, repeating the dripping process for 5 times, heating to 500 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and treating for 3h to obtain the loaded nano gamma-Fe₂O₃The porous Ni-Cu-La-P electrode of (1);

(6) using a three-electrode system to prepare the loaded nano gamma-Fe₂O₃The porous Ni-Cu-La-P slice is used as a working electrode, a platinum electrode is used as an auxiliary electrode, a saturated calomel electrode is used as a reference electrode, and an electrolyte solution is 7.5mmol/LMnSO₄+0.1mol/LH₂SO₄Solution, adopting cyclic voltammetry to electrodeposit SnO on a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode₂The scanning range of the particles is-1.5-1.0V, the scanning rate is 10mV/s, and the number of scanning circles is 40 circles; removing excessive impurities on the surface of the electrode by using deionized water, drying at 80 ℃ for 5h, and then sintering at 300 ℃ for 3h to obtain gamma-Fe₂O₃/SnO₂Modifying to obtain a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode;

the prepared porous electrode plate has the width of 2-5mm, the thickness of 35 mu m and the specific surface area of 85m³(ii)/g, pore size of 100-300 nm; at room temperature, gamma-Fe will be prepared₂O₃/SnO₂The modified porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode is used as a working electrode for electrochemical test, and the result shows that the current density is 150mA/cm₃When the reaction is carried out, the initial potential of hydrogen evolution is-1.48V, and the overpotential of hydrogen evolution is 90 mV; the electrode of this example was used for carbamazepine containing a micro-plasticThe method comprises the steps of treating the wastewater, wherein the content of the micro-plastic PC is 0.5mg/L, the particle size is less than 5mm, the initial content of organic matters is 1mg/L, taking a prepared porous electrode as a cathode, taking a stainless steel electrode as an anode, applying a voltage of 1.32V, producing hydrogen from the cathode under the action of the voltage, applying a 290nm fluorescent lamp above the electrode to generate ultraviolet radiation, and after the wastewater is treated for 10 hours under the condition, detecting that the concentration of carbamazepine in the organic wastewater is 0.02mg/L, the degradation rate reaches 98 percent, the content of the PC is only 0.02mg/L, the degradation rate reaches 96 percent, and the performance is still stable after the electrode works for 10 hours, which indicates that the electrode material has stronger stability.

Example 3: the preparation method of the porous alloy electrode in the embodiment is as follows:

(1) adding 75 mass percent of Al powder, 7.5 mass percent of Ni powder, 13.7 mass percent of Cu powder, 3 mass percent of P powder and 0.8 mass percent of La powder into a vacuum ball milling tank, and introducing N₂Putting the ball milling tank into a ball mill, wherein the ball material mass ratio is 6:1, the revolution is 100r/min, the operation time is 30min, the gap is 12min, and the total time is 100 min;

(2) pressing by an isostatic press, putting the mixed material into a die with the diameter of 15mm, pressing for 25min at 18MPa to obtain a coarse blank with the diameter of 15mm, putting the coarse blank into a corundum crucible, then putting the corundum crucible into a vacuum high-frequency induction smelting furnace for smelting, keeping the temperature for 4h at 900 ℃ in Ar atmosphere, taking out the smelted alloy, cooling, and cutting into 1cm by wire³Polishing the surface oxide layer of the small cube block;

(3) putting the small square blocks into a quartz tube, placing the quartz tube into a vacuum melt-spun machine, heating to melt metal, introducing argon gas with the pressure of 0.12-0.15MPa above the quartz tube, spraying a liquid alloy onto a copper roller with the pressure of 25r/s from the tail end of the quartz tube, and enabling an alloy solution to be in contact with the copper roller and thrown out to be rapidly solidified to form a Ni-Cu-La-P-Al alloy strip;

(4) placing the alloy strip in NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 40%, carrying out Al removal treatment for 12h at 65 ℃ to obtain a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy strip, washing the alloy strip to be neutral by deionized water and ethanol, and drying for 5h at 65 ℃;

(5) firstly, adopting a dripping coating method to coat the nano gamma-Fe₂O₃Loaded on a porous alloy electrodeThe body is Fe (NO)₃)₃∙9H₂Dissolving O in ethylene glycol to obtain 3mmol/L Fe (NO)₃)₃Solution, then adding Fe (NO)₃)₃Uniformly dripping the solution on the surface of a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy strip, drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 80 ℃, repeating the dripping process for 5 times, heating to 500 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and treating for 3h to obtain the loaded nano gamma-Fe₂O₃The porous Ni-Cu-La-P electrode of (1);

(6) using a three-electrode system to prepare the loaded nano gamma-Fe₂O₃The porous Ni-Cu-La-P slice is used as a working electrode, a platinum electrode is used as an auxiliary electrode, a saturated calomel electrode is used as a reference electrode, and an electrolyte solution is 7mmol/LMnSO₄+0.1mol/LH₂SO₄Solution, adopting cyclic voltammetry to electrodeposit ZnO on a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode₂The scanning range of the particles is-0.9-1.1V, the scanning rate is 10mV/s, and the number of scanning circles is 60 circles; removing excessive impurities on the surface of the electrode by using deionized water, drying at 80 ℃ for 5h, and then sintering at 300 ℃ for 3h to obtain gamma-Fe₂O₃/ZnO₂Modifying to obtain a porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode;

the prepared porous electrode plate has the width of 2-5mm, the thickness of 30 mu m and the specific surface area of 114m³(ii)/g, pore size of 100-300 nm; at room temperature, gamma-Fe will be prepared₂O₃/ZnO₂The modified porous Ni-Cu-La-P alloy electrode is used as a working electrode for electrochemical test, and the result shows that the current density is 150mA/cm₃When the reaction is carried out, the initial potential of hydrogen evolution is-1.47V, and the overpotential of hydrogen evolution is 100 mV; the electrode of the embodiment is used for treating phenol wastewater containing micro-plastics, wherein the content of PMMA in the micro-plastics is 0.5mg/L, the particle size is less than 5mm, and the initial content of organic matters is 1mg/L, the prepared porous electrode is used as a cathode, a stainless steel electrode is used as an anode, 1.33V voltage is applied, the cathode starts to produce hydrogen under the action of the voltage, a 310nm fluorescent lamp is applied above the electrode to generate ultraviolet radiation, after the electrode is treated for 10 hours under the condition, the phenol concentration in the organic wastewater is detected to be 0.04mg/L, the degradation rate reaches 96%, the content of PMMA is only 0.03mg/L, the degradation rate reaches 94%, and the performance is stable after the electrode works for 10 hours, which shows that the performance is stableThe pole material has stronger stability.