阅读说明：本技术 一种自发电风压电磁联合冲击自转式空气锤及使用方法 (Self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact autorotation type air hammer and using method thereof ) 是由 王国华 王金城 申宇航 邓富多 王琳贵 李峥 于 2021-09-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种自发电风压电磁联合冲击自转式空气锤及使用方法,它包括发电组件、活塞组件、旋转组件和钻头组件,所述发电组件包括上接头、中间接头、涡轮、涡轮轴、绝缘方箱、发电机、弹性垫、定位块,其中,上接头与中间接头通过螺纹连接,两定位块安装在中间接头的内部,绝缘方箱位于两个定位块内部所形成的方形空腔内,绝缘方箱内的底部为弹性垫,弹性垫上部为安装的发电机,发电机通过圆柱固定在绝缘方箱内部,涡轮与发电机通过涡轮轴连接。本发明使钻头受到更大的冲击力辅助破岩,混合式步进电机式的旋转组件提供更大的扭矩使钻头旋转,减少高压气体作为旋转动力时的能量损失,精确地控制钻头旋转的角度。(The invention provides a self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact rotation type air hammer and a using method thereof, and the self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact rotation type air hammer comprises a power generation assembly, a piston assembly, a rotation assembly and a drill bit assembly, wherein the power generation assembly comprises an upper joint, a middle joint, a turbine shaft, an insulating square box, a power generator, an elastic cushion and positioning blocks, the upper joint is connected with the middle joint through threads, the two positioning blocks are arranged in the middle joint, the insulating square box is positioned in a square cavity formed in the two positioning blocks, the elastic cushion is arranged at the bottom in the insulating square box, the power generator is arranged at the upper part of the elastic cushion, the power generator is fixed in the insulating square box through a cylinder, and the turbine is connected with the power generator through the turbine shaft. The invention leads the drill bit to be subjected to larger impact force to assist in rock breaking, and the hybrid stepping motor type rotating assembly provides larger torque to lead the drill bit to rotate, thereby reducing the energy loss when high-pressure gas is used as rotating power and accurately controlling the rotating angle of the drill bit.)

1. The utility model provides a from electricity generation wind pressure electromagnetism combined impact rotation formula air hammer, includes electricity generation subassembly, piston assembly, rotating assembly, drill bit subassembly, its characterized in that:

the power generation assembly comprises an upper joint, a middle joint, a turbine shaft, an insulating square box, a power generator, an elastic cushion and positioning blocks, wherein the upper joint is connected with the middle joint through threads;

the center of the upper joint is a through hollow channel, the channel at the lower part is in an expanded shape, and the turbine is positioned in an expanded shape cavity at the lower part of the upper joint;

the piston assembly comprises a piston, a first gasket, a second gasket, a permanent magnet sleeve and a locking sleeve, wherein the first gasket is arranged at the step of the piston and is positioned by the step of the piston;

the outer cylinder is arranged at the lower part of the middle joint, the center of the middle joint is a through channel, two ends of the middle joint are provided with expanded cavities, the cavity at the upper part is matched with the expanded cavity at the lower part of the upper joint, and the upper part of the gas distribution seat is arranged in the cavity at the lower part of the middle joint;

the rotary component comprises a stator sleeve, a stator iron core, a coil winding, a bearing, a rotor transmission sleeve, a permanent magnet and a rotor iron core, wherein the stator sleeve is connected and locked with the outer cylinder through threads;

the drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit, a semi-clamping ring, a lower joint and an anti-drop joint, wherein the drill bit is connected with the rotor transmission sleeve through a spline, the semi-clamping ring is located at a step of the outer cylinder through the thinner end of the semi-clamping ring, the lower joint is connected with the outer cylinder through threads to clamp the semi-clamping ring, the semi-clamping ring clamps the drill bit through the step, and the anti-drop joint is connected and locked with the drill bit through threads.

2. The self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact autorotation air hammer according to claim 1, wherein the outermost part of the positioning block is arc-shaped, the inner part of the positioning block is rectangular space, the upper top surface of the positioning block is an inclined plane with angles, and the positioning block is provided with an annular through hole and a screw hole with a counter bore in the radial direction.

3. The self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact rotation type air hammer according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder, the insulating square box and the positioning block are provided with through holes, and a lead of the generator is led out from the through holes.

4. The self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact autorotation air hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that gaps among the middle joint, the positioning block and the insulating square box form an air inlet channel.

5. The self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact autorotation air hammer according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the stator core is provided with through grooves for winding coil windings, the through grooves are uniformly distributed on the stator core coaxial with the stator sleeve, the inner side of the rotor core is provided with teeth uniformly distributed on the circumference, and the teeth formed between the rotor core and the two through grooves of the stator core are staggered by a distance of half pitch.

6. The self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact self-rotating air hammer according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the rotor core and the stator core forms an air gap.

7. The self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact autorotation air hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that a power supply lead is installed in an outer cylinder, a sensor I is installed on a coil, a sensor II is installed on a control system, and the control system is installed on a stator sleeve.

8. The use method of the self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact autorotation type air hammer is characterized in that,

step 1, enabling high-pressure gas to pass through a turbine to enable the turbine to rotate, transmitting power to a generator through a turbine shaft, converting mechanical energy into electric energy by the generator, and using the electric energy for impact and rotation of an air hammer;

step 2, when high-pressure gas pushes the check valve open to enter the gas distribution seat and the inner cylinder and pushes the piston to move downwards to a sensor in the outer cylinder to sense that the permanent magnet sleeve on the piston completely enters a coil wound in the outer cylinder, the control system energizes the coil wound in the outer cylinder, and an induced magnetic field generated by the coil enables the permanent magnet sleeve to be subjected to downward magnetic force so as to drive the piston to impact a drill bit through the guide of the guide sleeve with larger power;

and 3, when the sensor senses that the piston impacts the drill bit and enters a return stage, the control system supplies pulse current to a coil winding on a stator iron core of the rotating assembly, each pulse controls the rotor iron core to rotate by a fixed angle, the rotor iron core is fixed on the rotor transmission sleeve, and the rotor transmission sleeve drives the drill bit to rotate.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of petroleum and natural gas drilling equipment, relates to a petroleum and natural gas drilling tool, and particularly relates to a self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact self-rotating air hammer and a using method thereof.

Background

The gas drilling technology adopts an air hammer to provide power by means of high-pressure gas to break rock by impact, and the air hammer drilling combines rotary drilling and impact drilling, so that the drilling speed can be greatly improved. The air hammer can not rotate at first and can not be driven to rotate by a rotary table of the drilling machine, the application effect in a vertical well is good, but the application effect in a horizontal well and a directional well is not ideal due to large frictional resistance of a well wall.

In order to solve the problems, the structural function of the air hammer is improved and innovated to enable the air hammer to rotate, for example, the Chinese patent document discloses a directional rotary air hammer (publication number: CN 102337839A; published: 2.1.2012), which mainly comprises an isolation mechanism, a gas distribution rotating mechanism, a piston assembly and a drill bit, wherein the isolation mechanism comprises an upper joint, a rotary joint, a check valve, a spring seat placing valve core, a spring seat and a shell; the gas distribution rotating mechanism is arranged in the isolating mechanism and comprises a rotating shaft, a gas distribution seat, a gas inlet pipe, a rear gas cavity and a front gas cavity, the top surface of the gas distribution seat is fixedly connected with the spring seat, a plurality of zigzag convex cones are arranged on the bottom surface in an annular array mode, the upper end of the gas inlet pipe is connected to the gas distribution seat, the lower end of the gas inlet pipe extends into the piston assembly, and the gas inlet pipe is provided with a gas inlet; the piston assembly is arranged in the isolation mechanism and comprises a piston, a clamping ring and a clamping ring half, a plurality of convex cones matched with the sawtooth-shaped convex cones on the bottom surface of the gas distribution seat are arranged on the top surface of the piston in an annular array mode, and gas inlet holes respectively leading to the rear gas cavity and the front gas cavity are radially arranged on the piston; the drill bit is connected to the spline joint through a spline, and the tail of the drill bit is connected with a drill bit tail pipe. The rotary function of the pneumatic hammer is that the rotary joint, the rotary shaft, the spring seat, the gas distribution seat, the piston and other members jointly act, the piston interacts with a serrated convex cone on the bottom surface of the gas distribution base in the ascending process and generates a certain circumferential force, so that the gas distribution seat rotates in a specific direction to drive the rotary shaft and the shell to rotate, the shell interacts with the spline structure, the drill bit generates rotary motion, automatic pressurization and change of the angle of the drill bit are realized, the pneumatic hammer outputs large torque while providing an impact function, the drilling requirements of well conditions such as horizontal wells, directional wells, long branch wells and the like are met, and the drilling engineering progress of oil and natural gas wells is accelerated.

Although these rotary air hammers not only provide impact but also rotate to drill, their rotation is achieved by driving mechanical parts to rotate by high-pressure gas, and energy loss is large due to large friction between the mechanical parts.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact self-rotating air hammer and a using method thereof.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact rotation type air hammer comprises a power generation assembly, a piston assembly, a rotation assembly and a drill bit assembly.

The power generation assembly comprises an upper joint, a rubber sealing ring, a middle joint, a turbine shaft, an insulating square box, a power generator, an elastic pad, a positioning block and a screw. Wherein, top connection passes through threaded connection with the intermediate head, and two locating pieces are installed in the inside of intermediate head. Insulating square chest is located the inside square cavity that forms of two locating pieces, and the bottom in the insulating square chest is the cushion, and cushion upper portion is the generator of installation, and the generator passes through the cylinder to be fixed in insulating square chest portion.

The center of the upper joint is a through hollow channel, the lower part of the upper joint is an expanded channel, the turbine is positioned in the expanded cavity at the lower part of the upper joint, and the turbine is connected with the generator through a turbine shaft.

The outermost portion of the locating block is arc-shaped, the inner portion of the locating block is a rectangular space, the upper top surface of the locating block is an inclined plane with an angle, and an annular through hole and a screw hole with a counter bore are formed in the radial direction of the locating block.

The cylinder, the insulating square box and the positioning block are provided with through holes, and a lead of the generator is led out from the through holes.

And gaps among the middle joint, the positioning block and the insulating square box form an air inlet channel.

The piston assembly comprises a piston, a first gasket, a second gasket, a permanent magnet sleeve and a locking sleeve, the first gasket is arranged at the step of the piston and positioned by the step of the piston, the permanent magnet sleeve is arranged on the lower side of the first gasket, the second gasket is arranged on the lower side of the permanent magnet sleeve, and the locking sleeve is arranged on the lower side of the second gasket.

The piston is installed in the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder is installed in the outer cylinder, and the uide bushing is installed in the inner cylinder below, and outer cylinder middle part is around having the coil through the step location, and the installation has the gas holder above the piston, has the spring in the gas distribution seat upper portion, and there is the check valve at gas distribution seat top.

The outer cylinder is installed in the middle joint lower part, and the middle joint center is the passageway that runs through, and the middle joint both ends are expanded cavity, and the cavity of upper portion and the cooperation of the expanded form cavity (the internal diameter of cavity is the same) of top connection lower part, and the upper portion of distribution seat is installed in the lower part cavity of middle joint.

The rotary component comprises a stator sleeve, a stator core, a coil winding, a bearing, a sealing ring, a rotor transmission sleeve, a permanent magnet and a rotor core, wherein the stator sleeve is connected and locked with the outer cylinder through threads, the stator core is fixed on the stator sleeve and provided with the coil winding, the rotor core is positioned inside the rotor transmission sleeve, the permanent magnet is positioned in the middle of the rotor core, the stator sleeve is in fit connection with the rotor transmission sleeve through the bearing, and the rotor transmission sleeve is connected with the drill bit.

And through grooves for winding the coil windings are formed in the outer surface of the stator core, and the through grooves are uniformly distributed on the stator core coaxial with the stator sleeve.

The inner side of the rotor core is provided with teeth which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, and the teeth formed between the rotor core and the two through grooves of the stator core are staggered by a distance of half tooth pitch.

And a gap between the rotor core and the stator core forms an air gap.

The drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit, a semi-clamping ring, a lower joint and an anti-drop joint, wherein the drill bit is connected with the rotor transmission sleeve through a spline, the semi-clamping ring is located at a step of the outer cylinder through the thinner end of the semi-clamping ring, the lower joint is connected with the outer cylinder through threads to clamp the semi-clamping ring, the semi-clamping ring clamps the drill bit through the step, and the anti-drop joint is connected and locked with the drill bit through threads.

The power supply lead is arranged in the outer cylinder, the sensor I is arranged on the coil, the sensor II is arranged on the control system, and the control system is arranged on the stator sleeve.

A using method of a self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact autorotation type air hammer comprises the steps that high-pressure gas enables a turbine to rotate through the turbine, power is transmitted to a generator through a turbine shaft, the generator converts mechanical energy into electric energy, and then the electric energy can be used for impact and rotation of the air hammer; when high-pressure gas pushes the check valve open to enter the gas distribution seat and the inner cylinder, the piston is pushed to move downwards to a sensor inside the outer cylinder to sense that the permanent magnet sleeve on the piston completely enters a coil wound inside the outer cylinder, the control system energizes the coil wound inside the outer cylinder, and an induced magnetic field generated by the coil enables the permanent magnet sleeve to be subjected to strong downward magnetic force, so that the piston is driven to impact a drill bit through the guide sleeve in a guiding manner with larger power.

When the sensor senses that the piston impacts the drill bit, and the return phase is started, the control system supplies pulse current to a coil winding on a stator iron core of the rotating assembly, each pulse controls the rotor iron core to rotate by a fixed angle, the rotor iron core is fixed on the rotor transmission sleeve, the rotor transmission sleeve drives the drill bit to rotate, and the rotating angle of the drill bit can be controlled through the current pulse times.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with the existing autorotation type air hammer, the autorotation type air hammer has the advantages that the autorotation type air hammer structure is adjusted, the power generation mechanism and the electromagnetic propulsion device are added, the piston is subjected to the resultant force of the electromagnetic propulsion force and the high-pressure gas propulsion force which are larger than the high-pressure gas propulsion force, the drill bit is subjected to larger impact force to assist in rock breaking, the hybrid stepping motor type rotating assembly provides very large torque to rotate the drill bit, energy loss caused by large friction resistance generated by the rotation of mechanical parts driven by the high-pressure gas is avoided, and the rotating angle of the drill bit can be accurately controlled.

Compared with a directional rotary air hammer with the publication number of CN102337839A, the rotary function of the invention adopts a hybrid stepping motor, when a sensor senses that a piston impacts a drill bit and enters a return stage, a control system leads pulse current to a coil winding on a stator iron core of a rotary component, each pulse controls a rotor iron core to rotate by a fixed angle, the rotor iron core is fixed on a rotor transmission sleeve, and the rotor transmission sleeve drives the drill bit to rotate, thereby not only avoiding larger energy loss generated by the rotation friction of mechanical parts driven by high-pressure gas, but also accurately controlling the rotation angle of the drill bit.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, strong practicability and low manufacturing cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the portion A shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along direction C shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial view of the portion B shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention taken along line D as shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial view of section E of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1-upper joint, 2-turbine, 3-turbine shaft, 4-rubber sealing ring, 5-insulating square box, 6-through hole, 7-cylinder, 8-screw, 9-generator, 10-elastic cushion, 11-positioning block, 12-middle joint, 13-check valve, 14-spring, 15-gas distribution seat, 16-inner cylinder, 17-piston, 18-guide sleeve, 19-first gasket, 20-permanent magnet sleeve, 21-coil, 22-second gasket, 23-locking sleeve, 24-stator sleeve, 25-bearing, 26-rotor core, 27-permanent magnet, 28-stator core, 29-coil winding, 30-sealing ring, 31-rotor transmission sleeve, 32-outer cylinder, 32-inner cylinder, 33-drill bit, 34-air inlet channel, 35-through groove, 36-air gap, 37-power supply lead, 38-sensor I, 39-sensor II, 40-control system, 41-semi-snap ring, 42-lower connector and 43-anti-drop connector.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described below clearly and completely, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact rotation type air hammer of the present invention includes a power generating assembly, a piston assembly, a rotation assembly, and a drill bit assembly.

The power generation assembly comprises an upper joint 1, a rubber sealing ring 4, a middle joint 12, a turbine 2, a turbine shaft 3, an insulating square box 5, a power generator 9, an elastic pad 10, a positioning block 11 and a screw 8. Wherein, top connection 1 and intermediate head 12 pass through threaded connection, install rubber seal 4 between top connection 1 and the intermediate head 12, and two locating pieces 11 are installed in the inside of intermediate head 12 to fix a position through the step of intermediate head 12, and then lock fixedly through screw 8. Insulating square chest 5 is located the square cavity that two locating pieces 11 inside formed, and the bottom in insulating square chest 5 is cushion 10, and cushion 10 upper portion is the generator 9 of installation, and generator 9 passes through cylinder 7 to be fixed inside insulating square chest 5. The center of the upper joint 1 is a through hollow channel, the channel at the lower part is in an expanded shape, the turbine 2 is positioned in the expanded cavity at the lower part of the upper joint 1, and the turbine 2 is connected with the generator 9 through the turbine shaft 3.

The outermost part of the positioning block 11 is arc-shaped, the inner part of the positioning block is rectangular space, the upper top surface of the positioning block is an inclined plane with an angle, and an annular through hole and a screw hole with a counter bore are formed in the radial direction.

The cylinder 7, the insulating square box 5 and the positioning block 11 are all provided with through holes 6, and a lead of the generator 9 is led out from the through holes 6.

And the gaps among the middle joint 12, the positioning block 11 and the insulating square box 5 form an air inlet channel 34.

The piston assembly comprises a piston 17, a first gasket 19, a second gasket 22, a permanent magnet sleeve 20 and a locking sleeve 23, wherein the first gasket 19 is arranged at the step of the piston 17 and positioned through the step of the piston 17, the permanent magnet sleeve 20 is arranged at the lower side of the first gasket 19, the second gasket 22 is arranged at the lower side of the permanent magnet sleeve 20, the locking sleeve 23 is arranged at the lower side of the second gasket 22, and the locking sleeve 23 is locked through threads.

The piston 17 is arranged in the inner cylinder 16, the inner cylinder 16 is arranged in the outer cylinder 32, the guide sleeve 18 is arranged below the inner cylinder 16, the coil 21 is wound in the middle of the outer cylinder 32, the coil 21 is positioned through the step of the outer cylinder, the air seat 15 is arranged above the piston 17, the spring 14 is arranged in the upper part of the air seat 15, and the check valve 13 is arranged at the top of the air seat 15.

The outer cylinder 32 is installed on the lower part of the middle joint 12, the center of the middle joint 12 is a through channel, the two ends of the middle joint 12 are expanded cavities, the upper cavity is matched with the expanded cavity on the lower part of the upper joint 1 (the inner diameter of the cavity is the same), and the upper part of the air distribution seat 15 is installed in the lower cavity of the middle joint 12.

The rotating assembly comprises a stator sleeve 24, a stator core 28, a coil winding 29, a bearing 25, a sealing ring 30, a rotor transmission sleeve 31, a permanent magnet 27, a rotor core 26 and an air gap 36, wherein the stator sleeve 24 is connected and locked with an outer cylinder 32 through threads, the stator core 28 is fixed on the stator sleeve 24, the stator core 28 is provided with the coil winding 29, the rotor core 26 is positioned inside the rotor transmission sleeve 31, the permanent magnet 27 is positioned in the middle of the rotor core 26, the stator sleeve 24 is connected with the rotor transmission sleeve 31 through the bearing 25 in a matched mode and is sealed through the sealing ring 30, and the rotor transmission sleeve 31 is connected with a drill bit 33.

The outer surface of the stator core 28 is provided with through grooves 35 for winding the coil windings 29, and the through grooves 35 are uniformly distributed on the stator core 28 coaxial with the stator sleeve 24.

The inner side of the rotor core 26 is provided with teeth which are evenly distributed on the circumference, and the teeth formed between the two through grooves 35 of the stator core 28 are staggered by a distance of half pitch.

The gap between the rotor core 26 and the stator core 28 constitutes an air gap 36.

The drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit 33, a semi-clamping ring 41, a lower joint 42 and an anti-drop joint 43, wherein the drill bit 33 is connected with the rotor transmission sleeve 31 through a spline, the semi-clamping ring 41 is located at a step of the outer cylinder 32 through the thinner end of the semi-clamping ring 41, the lower joint 42 is connected with the outer cylinder 32 through threads to clamp the semi-clamping ring 41, the semi-clamping ring 41 clamps the drill bit 33 through the step, and the anti-drop joint 43 is connected and locked with the drill bit 33 through threads.

The power supply lead 37 is mounted in the outer cylinder 32, the sensor i 38 is mounted on the coil 21, the sensor ii 39 is mounted on the control system 40, and the control system 40 is mounted on the stator can 24.

The use method of the self-generating wind pressure electromagnetic combined impact autorotation type air hammer comprises the following steps: comprises that

The high-pressure gas rotates through the turbine 2, power is transmitted to the generator 9 through the turbine shaft 3, the generator 9 converts mechanical energy into electric energy, and then the electric energy can be used for impact and rotation of the air hammer; when high-pressure gas pushes away the check valve 13 to enter the gas distribution seat 15 and the inner cylinder 16, the piston 17 is pushed downwards, the sensor I38 moving to the inner part of the outer cylinder 32 senses that the permanent magnet sleeve 20 on the piston 17 completely enters the coil 21 wound in the outer cylinder 32, the control system 40 energizes the coil 21 wound in the outer cylinder 32, and the induced magnetic field generated by the coil 21 enables the permanent magnet sleeve 20 to be subjected to strong downward magnetic force, so that the piston 17 is driven to impact the drill bit 33 through the guide sleeve 18 in a guiding mode with larger power.

When the sensor II 39 senses that the piston 17 impacts the drill bit 33 and enters a return stage, the control system 40 supplies pulse current to the coil winding 29 on the stator core 28 of the rotating assembly, each pulse controls the rotor core 26 to rotate by a fixed angle, the rotor core 26 is fixed on the rotor transmission sleeve 31, the rotor transmission sleeve 31 drives the drill bit 33 to rotate, and the rotating angle of the drill bit 33 can be controlled through the current pulse times.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.