阅读说明：本技术 一种多点式孔径位移测量装置及测量方法 (Multi-point aperture displacement measuring device and measuring method ) 是由 王建安 徐传召 郭亮 周英杰 雷方超 罗静波 薛超 穆国锋 蒋振虹 朱俊鹏 杨京 于 2021-10-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多点式孔径位移测量装置,包括孔口支架、孔内测点构件和数据采集箱,孔口支架和孔内测点构件依次串连。本发明量程大,能够实现多方位不同高度的测量要求。本发明还公开了一种孔径位移测量方法,包括依次串连孔口支架和孔内测点构件,将串连的孔内测点构件垂直放入钻孔内,孔口支架放置在孔口处,将留出地面的所有数据传输线连接至数据采集箱上,拉动解扣绳,打开锁扣,使得滚轮与钻孔侧壁紧密接触不再移动,采集位移数据并分析处理,完成孔径位移的测量,本发明精度满足测量需求,能够实时掌握孔径位移数据变化情况,测量过程稳定,测量结果准确可靠。(The invention discloses a multi-point aperture displacement measuring device which comprises an orifice bracket, an in-hole measuring point component and a data acquisition box, wherein the orifice bracket and the in-hole measuring point component are sequentially connected in series. The invention has large measuring range and can meet the measuring requirements of multiple directions and different heights. The invention also discloses a hole diameter displacement measuring method, which comprises the steps of sequentially connecting the hole orifice bracket and the in-hole measuring point component in series, vertically placing the in-hole measuring point component in series into the drill hole, placing the hole orifice bracket at the hole orifice, connecting all data transmission lines reserved on the ground to a data acquisition box, pulling a release rope, opening a lock catch, enabling a roller to be in close contact with the side wall of the drill hole and not to move any more, acquiring displacement data, analyzing and processing the displacement data, and completing the measurement of the hole diameter displacement.)

1. The multipoint type aperture displacement measuring device is characterized by comprising an orifice bracket (1), in-hole measuring point members (2) and a data acquisition box (8), wherein the number of the in-hole measuring point members (2) is one or more, and the orifice bracket (1) and the in-hole measuring point members (2) are sequentially connected in series;

the measuring point component (2) in the hole comprises a sleeve (16), sleeve connecting plates (15) are arranged at two ends of the sleeve (16), pressure spring bases (17) are arranged on the sleeve (16) and close to the two ends of the sleeve, one end of each pressure spring (18) is fixedly connected with each pressure spring base (17), a sliding ring (19) is fixedly connected with the other end of each pressure spring (18), the pressure springs (18) and the sliding rings (19) are sleeved on the sleeve (16), the two sliding rings (19) are positioned between the two pressure spring bases (17), a side wall plate (21) parallel to the sleeve (16) is arranged on the outer side of the sleeve (16), a supporting rod (20) is hinged between each side wall plate (21) and each sliding ring (19), a lock catch (25) and a displacement meter (23) are arranged between each side wall plate (21) and the sleeve (16), and a locking piece of each lock catch (25) is connected with a release rope (26), the displacement meter (23) is connected with the data acquisition box (8) through a data transmission line (5), and the surface of one side of the side wall plate (21) far away from the sleeve (16) is provided with a roller assembly (22).

2. The multipoint aperture displacement measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sleeves (16) are arranged in the aperture measuring point member (2), the plurality of sleeves (16) are arranged in parallel, the plurality of sleeves (16) are uniformly distributed on the circumference, two sleeve connecting plates (15) of the aperture measuring point member (2) are arranged, the two sleeve connecting plates (15) are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the plurality of sleeves (16), and the sleeve connecting plates (15) and the sleeves (16) are arranged perpendicular to each other.

3. The multipoint aperture displacement measuring device of claim 1, wherein the roller assembly (22) comprises a roller connecting plate (27) fixed on a side surface of the side wall plate (21) far away from the sleeve (16), a bearing bracket (29) is fixed on the roller connecting plate (27), a bearing (30) is fixed on the bearing bracket (29), and a circular wheel (31) is arranged on the bearing (30).

4. A multipoint aperture displacement measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the aperture bracket (1) comprises a top plate (12), the lower surface of the top plate (12) being provided with bracket legs (14).

5. The multipoint aperture displacement measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the top plate (12) of the orifice bracket (1) is connected with the bushing plates (15) of the in-orifice measuring point members (2) through the main axis A (3) perpendicular to both, two adjacent bushing plates (15) of the in-orifice measuring point members (2) connected in series are also connected through the main axis B (11) perpendicular to both, the bushing plate (15) of the endmost in-orifice measuring point member (2) connected in series with the orifice bracket (1) in sequence is also connected with the main axis C (24), and the bushing plate (15) of the endmost in-orifice measuring point member (2) is perpendicular to the main axis C (24).

6. The multipoint aperture displacement measuring device of claim 5, wherein the principal axis A (3), the principal axis B (11), and the principal axis C (24) are located on the same straight line.

7. The multipoint aperture displacement measuring device of claim 5, wherein the main shaft A (3) penetrates through the center of the top plate (12), two nuts are arranged on the main shaft A (3) and located above and below the top plate (12), the main shaft A (3) and the top plate (12) are fixedly connected through the nuts, and a level bubble (13) is embedded on the upper surface of the top plate (12).

8. A multipoint aperture displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the data transmission line (5) is fixed in sections to the sleeve (16) by means of ties (6).

9. A multipoint aperture displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the data collection box (8) is connected to a computer (10) via a GPRS module (9).

10. An aperture displacement measuring method using the multi-point aperture displacement measuring device according to claim 5, which is implemented by the following steps:

step 1, determining a corresponding number of in-hole measuring point components (2) according to the number, height position and aperture of the measuring points, sequentially connecting the orifice bracket (1) and the in-hole measuring point components (2) in series, binding the data transmission line (5) along the sleeve (16) and the main shaft A (3) in a segmented manner, and connecting the tripping rope (26) to the ground from the position of the buckle (25) for temporarily connecting the tripping rope with the orifice bracket (1);

step 2, vertically placing the serially-connected in-hole measuring point components (2) into a drill hole, placing the hole opening support (1) at a hole opening, adjusting support legs (14) of the hole opening support (1) to enable a top plate (12) to be located at a horizontal position when a designed elevation position is reached, and adjusting the height of a main shaft A (3) penetrating through the top plate (12) to enable a distance to be reserved between a main shaft C (24) and the hole bottom of the drill hole (4);

step 3, connecting all data transmission lines (5) reserved on the ground to a data acquisition box (8);

step 4, pulling a tripping rope (26), opening a lock catch (25), releasing pressure by the pressure spring (18) to push the two sliding rings (19) to move relatively, and simultaneously opening a supporting rod (20) hinged on the sliding rings (19) to the side wall of the drill hole (4) so that the side wall plate (21) is close to the side wall of the drill hole (4), and finally the roller (22) is in close contact with the side wall of the drill hole (4) and does not move any more;

and 5, starting a data acquisition box (8) for measurement, enabling data transmitted for the first time by a stay wire type displacement meter (23) through a data transmission line (5) to be an initial value of the distance between the sleeve (16) and the side wall plate (21), acquiring a group of data by the data acquisition box (8) at intervals by setting a time interval for data measurement, and enabling the difference between the data acquired at each measuring point and the initial value of the corresponding measuring point to be a shrinkage cavity displacement change value of the hole wall until the measurement is finished, finally forming a database, and transmitting the database to a computer (10) through a GPRS (general packet radio service) module (9) to finish the measurement of the hole diameter displacement.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering metering, and relates to a multi-point type aperture displacement measuring device and an aperture displacement measuring method.

Background

In the process of pile foundation construction, the pore-forming quality is always the focus of attention of engineering technicians, the pore-forming aperture is a key factor influencing the quality of a pile body, and the change rule of the aperture under different geological conditions in the construction process needs to be mastered for selecting a reasonable construction scheme and a pile arrangement mode.

Commonly used pore size detection methods are: ball type, steel bar cage type, hexagonal batten hinge type, caliper type, sound wave detection method, mechanical contact detection method and the like. The principle of the ball type simple method is simple and easy to understand, the operation is convenient, only the situation that the aperture is larger than the diameter of the ball can be detected, the change of the aperture along with the depth cannot be detected, and the ball is easy to damage the hole wall in the process of moving inside a formed hole to form a collapsed hole; the detection result of the acoustic wave detection method is mainly based on an acoustic wave reflection signal, and the intensity of the detection result is weak and difficult to identify; the traditional mechanical contact type detection method has the disadvantages of complicated mechanical mechanism, difficult waterproof sealing treatment of the sliding rod and poor precision. The measuring methods often cannot meet the engineering measurement requirements due to the defects of large error, low precision, instability, poor anti-interference capability, small measuring range and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multipoint aperture displacement measuring device which can measure aperture change data in real time and has high precision and large measuring range.

The invention also aims to provide an aperture displacement measuring method, which overcomes the problem of poor measuring precision of the traditional measuring method.

The invention adopts a first technical scheme that the multi-point aperture displacement measuring device comprises an orifice bracket, in-hole measuring point members and a data acquisition box, wherein the number of the in-hole measuring point members is one or more, and the orifice bracket and the in-hole measuring point members are sequentially connected in series;

the downthehole measurement station component includes the sleeve pipe, the sleeve pipe both ends all are provided with bushing plate, be close to its both ends department on the sleeve pipe and be provided with the pressure spring base, the one end of pressure spring base fixedly connected with pressure spring, pressure spring other end fixedly connected with slip ring, pressure spring and slip ring all overlap and establish on the sleeve pipe, two slip rings are located between two pressure spring bases, the sleeve pipe outside is provided with the lateral wall board rather than being parallel to, it has the bracing piece to articulate between lateral wall board and the slip ring, be provided with the hasp between lateral wall board and the sleeve pipe, the displacement meter, the locking piece of hasp is connected with the rope that unbuckles, the displacement meter passes through data transmission line and is connected with the data acquisition box, a side surface that the sheathed tube was kept away from to the lateral wall board is provided with wheel components.

The present invention is also characterized in that,

the sleeve pipe of downthehole measurement station component is provided with a plurality ofly, a plurality of sleeve pipe parallel arrangement, and a plurality of sleeve pipes are circumference evenly distributed, and the bushing plate of downthehole measurement station component is provided with two, two bushing plates respectively with a plurality of sleeve pipe both ends fixed connection, bushing plate and sleeve pipe mutually perpendicular set up.

The roller assembly comprises a roller connecting plate fixed on the surface of one side, away from the sleeve, of the side wall plate, a bearing frame is fixed on the roller connecting plate, a bearing is fixed on the bearing frame, and a round wheel is arranged on the bearing.

The orifice bracket comprises a top plate, and bracket legs are arranged on the lower surface of the top plate.

The top plate of the orifice bracket is connected with a bushing connecting plate of the in-hole measuring point component through a main shaft A which is vertical to the top plate and the bushing connecting plate, two adjacent bushing connecting plates of the in-hole measuring point component which are connected in series are also connected through a main shaft B which is vertical to the bushing connecting plate, the bushing connecting plate of the most tail end in-hole measuring point component which is sequentially connected in series with the orifice bracket is also connected with a main shaft C, and the bushing connecting plate (15) of the most tail end in-hole measuring point component (2) is vertical to the main shaft C (24).

The main shaft A, the main shaft B and the main shaft C are positioned on the same straight line.

The main shaft A penetrates through the center of the top plate, two nuts located above and below the top plate are arranged on the main shaft A, the main shaft A and the top plate are fixedly connected through the nuts, and a level bubble is inlaid in the upper surface of the top plate.

The data transmission line is fixed on the sleeve in a segmented mode through the cable ties.

The data acquisition box is connected with a computer through a GPRS module.

The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the multi-point aperture displacement measuring device is used for measuring the aperture displacement, and the method is implemented according to the following steps:

step 1, determining a corresponding number of in-hole measuring point components according to the number, height position and aperture of the measuring points, sequentially connecting the orifice bracket and the in-hole measuring point components in series, binding the data transmission line along the sleeve and the main shaft A in a segmented manner, and connecting the tripping rope from the locking position to the ground temporarily to be connected with the orifice bracket;

step 2, vertically placing the in-hole measuring point components which are connected in series into the drill hole, placing the orifice bracket at the orifice, adjusting the bracket legs of the orifice bracket to enable the top plate to be positioned at the horizontal position when the designed elevation position is reached, and adjusting the height of the main shaft A penetrating through the top plate to enable the main shaft C to have a distance with the bottom of the drill hole;

step 3, connecting all data transmission lines reserved on the ground to a data acquisition box;

step 4, pulling the release rope, opening the lock, releasing pressure by the pressure spring to push the two sliding rings to move relatively, and simultaneously, propping the supporting rods hinged on the sliding rings to prop open towards the side wall of the drilled hole, so that the side wall plate is close to the side wall of the drilled hole, and finally, the roller is in close contact with the side wall of the drilled hole and does not move any more;

and 5, opening a data acquisition box for measurement, taking data transmitted for the first time by the pull-wire type displacement meter through a data transmission line as an initial value of the distance between the sleeve and the side wall plate, acquiring a group of data at intervals of a period of time by setting a time interval for data measurement, and taking the difference between the data acquired at each measuring point and the initial value of the corresponding measuring point as a shrinkage cavity displacement change value of the hole wall until the measurement is finished, finally forming a database, and transmitting the database to a computer through a GPRS (general packet radio service) module to finish the measurement of the hole diameter displacement.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the multi-point aperture displacement measuring device is simple in structure and convenient to use; the device changes the measuring range by adjusting the upper and lower positions of the pressure spring base on the sleeve, and can also change the measuring range by using supporting rods with different lengths; the side wall plate is compressed through the horizontal displacement change of the roller, so that the supporting rod is contracted and finally transmitted to the pressure spring, the displacement meter transmits data, and the data acquisition box counts the transmission data of the stay wire type displacement meter and can be connected with a computer through a GPRS network to perform data analysis; the contact between the measuring point component in the hole and the hole wall is completed by releasing elasticity of the upper spring and the lower spring in the radial direction of the measuring point component in the hole, so that the installation is simple and the operation is easy; the measuring point components in the hole are connected through the main shaft, so that different height measurement in the vertical direction can be realized, the distance between adjacent measuring point components can be ensured by adjusting the embedded length of the main shaft connection according to the requirements of the depth of the hole and the measuring point distance, and the measurement requirements of multiple directions and different heights are realized.

The multi-point aperture displacement measuring device is used for measuring, the operation is simple and rapid, the measuring steps are simple, the precision meets the measuring requirement, the aperture displacement data change condition can be mastered in real time, the measuring process is stable, the data acquisition and transmission are not interfered by the device and the environment, and the measuring result is accurate and reliable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-point aperture displacement measuring device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hole inside measuring point member in the multi-point type aperture displacement measuring device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken at B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a roller assembly of the multi-point aperture displacement measuring device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hole bracket and a spindle A in the multi-point type device for measuring the hole diameter displacement according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a joint of two in-hole measuring point members in the multi-point aperture displacement measuring device according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken at C in FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a top view of a orifice mount in a multi-point aperture displacement measurement device of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, an orifice bracket, 2, an in-hole measuring point component, 3, a main shaft A, 4, a drill hole, 5, a data transmission line, 6, a binding belt, 7, a solar panel, 8, a data acquisition box, 9, a GPRS module, 10, a computer, 11, a main shaft B, 12, a top plate, 13, a leveling bubble, 14, a bracket leg, 15, a sleeve connecting plate, 16, a sleeve, 17, a pressure spring base, 18, a pressure spring, 19, a sliding ring, 20, a supporting rod, 21, a side wall plate, 22, a roller, 23, a displacement meter, 24, a main shaft C, 25, a lock catch, 26, a release rope, 27, a roller connecting plate, 28, a transparent shell, 29, a bearing bracket, 30, a bearing and a round wheel are arranged.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Examples

The invention discloses a multi-point aperture displacement measuring device, which comprises an orifice bracket 1, three in-hole measuring point members 2 and a data acquisition box 8, wherein the number of the in-hole measuring point members 2 is three according to the drilling depth, the orifice bracket 1 and the three in-hole measuring point members 2 are sequentially connected in series, the data acquisition box 8 is provided with a solar panel 7 to ensure the power consumption requirement of the data acquisition box 8, and the data acquisition box 8 is connected with a computer 10 through a GPRS (general packet radio service) module 9 to transmit data to the computer 10 for analysis and processing.

The in-hole measuring point component 2 is a point contact type component, as shown in fig. 2-4, the in-hole measuring point component 2 comprises three sleeves 16 and two sleeve connecting plates 15, the three sleeves 16 provide three measuring directions, the three sleeves 16 are arranged in parallel, the three sleeves 16 are uniformly distributed in the circumference, the two sleeve connecting plates 15 are respectively fixedly connected with two ends of the three sleeves 16, two nuts are respectively arranged on the sleeves 16 near the joints with the sleeve connecting plates 15 through threads, the two nuts are respectively arranged above and below the sleeve connecting plates 15 and used for fixing the relative positions of the sleeves 16 and the sleeve connecting plates 15, the sleeve connecting plates 15 and the sleeves 16 are mutually perpendicular, a pressure spring base 17 is arranged on each sleeve 16 near the two ends through threads, the pressure spring base 17 is fixedly connected with one end of a pressure spring 18, the other end of the pressure spring 18 is fixedly connected with a sliding ring 19, the pressure spring 18 and the sliding ring 19 are both sleeved on the sleeves 16, the two sliding rings 19 are positioned between the two pressure spring bases 17, a side wall plate 21 parallel to the sleeve 16 is arranged on the outer side of the sleeve 16, a support rod 20 is hinged between the side wall plate 21 and the sliding rings 19, a lock catch 25 and a displacement meter 23 are arranged between the side wall plate 21 and the sleeve 16, a locking piece of the lock catch 25 is connected with a trip rope 26, the trip rope 26 is connected to the ground from the position of the lock catch 25 in a pulling mode, the lock catch can be opened by pulling the trip rope 26, the displacement meter 23 is connected with the data acquisition box 8 through a data transmission line 5, the displacement meter is a stay wire type displacement meter and is used for measuring the displacement of the side wall plate 21 relative to the sleeve 16, the data transmission line 5 is fixed on the sleeve 16 in a segmented mode through a binding belt 6, and two roller wheel assemblies 22 are arranged on one side surface, far away from the sleeve 16, of the side wall plate 21.

As shown in fig. 5, the roller assembly 22 includes a roller connecting plate 27 fixed on a side surface of the side wall plate 21 away from the sleeve 16, two symmetrically distributed bearing frames 29 are fixed on the roller connecting plate 27, a bearing 30 is jointly fixed on the two bearing frames 29, a circular wheel 31 is arranged on the bearing 30, and the bearing 30 is located in an axial direction of the circular wheel 31 and passes through the center of the circular wheel 31.

As shown in fig. 6, the orifice bracket 1 comprises a top plate 12, the top plate 12 of the orifice bracket 1 is connected with a bushing connecting plate 15 of an in-hole measuring point member 2 through a main shaft A3 perpendicular to the top plate and the bushing connecting plate 15, as shown in fig. 7-8, of the two sets of the bushing connecting plates 15 of the in-hole measuring point members 2 connected in series are also connected through a main shaft B11 perpendicular to the top plate and the sleeve connecting plate 15 of the in-hole measuring point member 2 connected in series, the bushing connecting plate 15 of the in-hole measuring point member 2 at the tail end is also connected with a main shaft C24, the bushing connecting plate 15 of the in-hole measuring point member 2 at the tail end is perpendicular to the main shaft C24, the outer surfaces of the main shaft A3, the main shaft B11 and the main shaft C24 are all provided with threads and are located on the same straight line, the connected top plate 12 and the bushing connecting plate 15 are adjusted in distance from the main shaft A3 by adjusting the connecting position of the main shaft A3 by nuts, the two sets of the bushing connecting plates 15 connected with the main shaft B11, the connection position with the main shaft B11 is fixed through a nut.

As shown in fig. 9, a spindle A3 passes through the center of the top plate 12, two nuts located above and below the top plate 12 are arranged on the spindle A3, the spindle A3 is fixedly connected with the top plate 12 through the nuts, a leveling bubble 13 is embedded on the upper surface of the top plate 12, whether the top plate 12 is in a horizontal position can be judged according to whether a bubble in the leveling bubble 13 is located at the center of the top of the leveling bubble 13, three support legs 14 are arranged on the lower surface of the top plate 12, and the included angle between every two adjacent support legs 14 is 120 °.

The invention relates to an aperture displacement measuring method, which is used for measuring by using a multi-point aperture displacement measuring device and is implemented according to the following steps:

step 1, preparing a corresponding number of in-hole measuring point members 2 according to the number, height position and aperture of the measuring points, sequentially connecting the orifice bracket 1 and the in-hole measuring point members 2 in series, binding the data transmission line 5 along the sleeve 16 and the main shaft 3 in a segmented manner by using a binding belt 6, and connecting the unbuckled rope 26 from the position of the lock catch 25 to the ground and temporarily connecting the unbuckled rope with the orifice bracket 1;

step 2, vertically placing the serially-connected in-hole measuring point component 2 into a drill hole, placing the hole port support 1 at the hole port, adjusting three support legs 14 of the hole port support 1 to enable the air bubble in the air level 13 on the top plate 12 to be located at the center of the top of the air level 13 when the designed elevation position is reached, namely enabling the top plate to be located at the horizontal position, ensuring the verticality of the whole device, and adjusting the height of the main shaft A3 penetrating through the top plate 12 to enable a certain distance to be reserved between the main shaft C24 and the hole bottom of the drill hole 4;

step 3, connecting all data transmission lines 5 reserved on the ground to a data acquisition box 8;

step 4, pulling the release rope 26, opening the lock 25, releasing pressure by the pressure spring 18 to push the two sliding rings 19 to move relatively, and meanwhile, expanding the support rod 20 hinged on the sliding rings 19 to the side wall of the drill hole 4, so that the side wall plate 21 is quickly close to the side wall of the drill hole 4, and finally, the roller 22 is in close contact with the side wall of the drill hole 4;

step 5, starting the data acquisition box 8 to start measurement, taking data transmitted for the first time by the guyed displacement meter 23 through the data transmission line 5 as an initial value of the distance between the sleeve 16 and the side wall plate 21, acquiring a group of data every time by the data acquisition box 8 at intervals by setting a time interval for data measurement, taking the difference between the data acquired at each measuring point and the initial value of the corresponding measuring point as a shrinkage cavity displacement change value of the hole wall until the measurement is finished, finally forming a database, and transmitting the database to the computer 10 through the GPRS module 9 for data analysis and processing to finish the measurement of the hole diameter displacement.

According to the method for measuring the aperture displacement, the multi-point type aperture displacement measuring device can meet different measurement requirements while ensuring the measurement precision, and the process of collecting, transmitting and storing the measurement data is stable and reliable, so that the method has important significance for determining the construction scheme and the pile arrangement mode.