阅读说明：本技术 转速的测量装置及方法 (Rotating speed measuring device and method ) 是由 郭修成 夏泊洢 李鹏娜 匡涛 李永钊 钟健 周超 王磊 闫冰 张司艺 孙钦瑞 于 2021-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提供了一种转速的测量装置及方法,属于钻井工程技术领域。该装置包括：磁阻传感器、单片机和电源模组；磁阻传感器与单片机电性连接,电源模组分别与单片机和电源模组电性连接；电源模组,用于为单片机和磁阻传感器提供电源；在通过钻具进行施工的过程中,磁阻传感器随钻铤的旋转而旋转,磁阻传感器切割地磁场的方向发生周期性变化,磁阻传感器的阻值发生周期性变化,进而磁阻传感器的电压发生周期性变化,产生周期性变化的电压差分信号；单片机,用于对电压差分信号进行处理,得到钻具的转速。由于通过磁阻传感器产生的电压差分信号,能够直接确定钻体的实际转速,所以提高了确定的钻具的钻速的准确性。(The application provides a rotating speed measuring device and a rotating speed measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of drilling engineering. The device includes: the magnetic resistance sensor, the single chip microcomputer and the power supply module; the magnetic resistance sensor is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the power supply module is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer and the power supply module respectively; the power supply module is used for supplying power to the singlechip and the magnetic resistance sensor; in the process of construction through a drilling tool, the magnetic resistance sensor rotates along with the rotation of the drill collar, the direction of the magnetic resistance sensor for cutting the geomagnetic field changes periodically, the resistance value of the magnetic resistance sensor changes periodically, and further the voltage of the magnetic resistance sensor changes periodically to generate a periodically changed voltage difference signal; and the singlechip is used for processing the voltage difference signal to obtain the rotating speed of the drilling tool. The actual rotating speed of the drill body can be directly determined through the voltage differential signal generated by the magnetic resistance sensor, so that the accuracy of determining the drilling speed of the drilling tool is improved.)

1. A device for measuring a rotational speed, comprising: the device comprises a magnetic resistance sensor (11), a singlechip (12) and a power module (13);

the magneto-resistive sensor (11), the single chip microcomputer (12) and the power module (13) are arranged in a drill collar of a drilling tool to be measured, the magneto-resistive sensor (11) is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer (12), and the power module (13) is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer (12) and the power module (13);

the power supply module (13) is used for supplying power to the singlechip (12) and the magnetic resistance sensor (11);

in the process of construction through the drilling tool, the magnetic resistance sensor (11) rotates along with the rotation of the drill collar, the direction of the magnetic resistance sensor (11) cutting the geomagnetic field changes periodically, the resistance value of the magnetic resistance sensor (11) changes periodically, and further the voltage of the magnetic resistance sensor (11) changes periodically to generate a periodically-changed voltage differential signal;

and the single chip microcomputer (12) is used for processing the voltage difference signal to obtain the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

2. A measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magneto resistive sensor (11) comprises a first magneto resistive sensor (111) and a second magneto resistive sensor (112), and that the first magneto resistive sensor (111) and the second magneto resistive sensor (112) are perpendicular to each other;

the first magnetic resistance sensor (111) is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer (12) and the power supply module (13) respectively, and the second magnetic resistance sensor (112) is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer (12) and the power supply module (13) respectively;

during construction by the drilling tool, the first magneto resistive sensor (111) generates a first voltage differential signal, and the second magneto resistive sensor (112) generates a second voltage differential signal;

the single chip microcomputer (12) is used for processing the first voltage difference signal and the second voltage difference signal to obtain the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

3. The measurement arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the first magneto resistive sensor (111) comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first signal output and a second signal output;

the spatial positions of the first resistor and the second resistor are mutually vertical, and the spatial positions of the third resistor and the fourth resistor are mutually vertical;

the power supply module (13) is respectively connected with the input end of the first resistor and the input end of the second resistor, the output end of the first resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the third resistor and the first signal output end, the output end of the third resistor is connected with a ground wire, the output end of the second resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the fourth resistor and the second signal output end, the output end of the fourth resistor is connected with the ground wire, and the singlechip (12) is respectively connected with the first signal output end and the second signal output end;

with the change of the direction of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor cutting the geomagnetic field, the resistance values of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor change, and the first signal output end and the second signal output end generate a first voltage differential signal.

4. The measurement arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the second magneto-resistive sensor (112) comprises a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a third signal output and a fourth signal output;

the spatial positions of the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are mutually perpendicular, and the spatial positions of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are mutually perpendicular;

the power supply module (13) is respectively connected with the input end of the fifth resistor and the input end of the seventh resistor, the output end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the seventh resistor and the third signal output end, the output end of the seventh resistor is connected with the ground wire, the output end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the eighth resistor and the fourth signal output end, the output end of the eighth resistor is connected with the ground wire, and the singlechip (12) is respectively connected with the third signal output end and the fourth signal output end;

with the change of the direction in which the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor cut the geomagnetic field, the resistance values of the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor change, and the third signal output end and the fourth signal output end generate a second voltage differential signal.

5. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the single-chip microcomputer (12) comprises a differential amplification assembly and a processor;

the input end of the differential amplification assembly is electrically connected with the output end of the magnetoresistive sensor (11), and the output end of the differential amplification circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the processor;

the differential amplification component is used for receiving the voltage differential signal output by the magnetoresistive sensor (11), amplifying the voltage differential signal and transmitting the amplified voltage differential signal to the processor,

and the processor is used for obtaining the rotating speed of the drilling tool through the amplified voltage differential signal.

6. The measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the single-chip microcomputer (12) further comprises an analog-to-digital conversion component;

the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion assembly is electrically connected with the output end of the differential amplification assembly, and the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion assembly is electrically connected with the input end of the processor;

the analog-to-digital conversion component is used for converting the amplified voltage differential signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the processor;

and the processor is used for obtaining the rotating speed of the drilling tool through the digital signal.

7. A method for determining a rotational speed, applied to a measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:

acquiring a voltage differential signal generated by the magnetoresistive sensor;

determining a rotational speed of the drilling tool based on the voltage differential signal.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the magnetoresistive sensor comprises a first magnetoresistive sensor and a second magnetoresistive sensor, and wherein the voltage differential signal comprises a first voltage differential signal generated by the first magnetoresistive sensor and a second voltage differential signal generated by the second magnetoresistive sensor;

the determining a rotational speed of the drilling tool based on the voltage differential signal includes:

carrying out filtering processing, operational amplifier processing and digital-to-analog conversion processing on the first voltage differential signal and the second voltage differential signal to obtain a first differential digital signal and a second differential digital signal;

determining first positive and negative information of the first differential digital signal and second positive and negative information of the second differential digital signal;

determining quadrant information corresponding to the first positive and negative information and the second positive and negative information, determining the number of quadrants changed in a preset time length according to the quadrant information, and determining the rotating speed of the drilling tool according to the number of quadrants and the preset time length.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein determining first positive-negative information of the first differential digital signal and second positive-negative information of the second differential digital signal comprises:

acquiring a first maximum differential signal and a first minimum differential signal in the first differential digital signal, and determining a second maximum differential signal and a second minimum differential signal in the second differential digital signal;

determining a midpoint of the first maximum differential signal and the first minimum differential signal as a first zero point and a midpoint of the second maximum differential signal and the second minimum differential signal as a second zero point;

when the first differential digital signal is greater than the first zero point, determining that the first differential digital signal is a positive value, and when the first differential digital signal is less than the first zero point, determining that the first differential digital signal is a negative value; and when the second differential digital signal is greater than the second zero point, determining that the second differential digital signal is a positive value, and when the second differential digital signal is less than the second zero point, determining that the second differential digital signal is a negative value.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the determining quadrant information corresponding to the first positive-negative information and the second positive-negative information comprises:

when the first positive and negative information is a positive value and the second positive and negative information is a positive value, determining that the quadrant information is a first quadrant;

when the first positive and negative information is a negative value and the second positive and negative information is a positive value, determining that the quadrant information is a second quadrant;

when the first positive and negative information is a negative value and the second positive and negative information is a negative value, determining that the quadrant information is a third quadrant;

and when the first positive and negative information is a positive value and the second positive and negative information is a negative value, determining that the quadrant information is a fourth quadrant.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of drilling engineering, in particular to a rotating speed measuring device and method.

Background

At present, in the process of drilling construction through a drilling tool, the rotating speed of the drilling tool is an important engineering parameter of the drilling construction, and the rotating speed of the drilling tool directly influences the stability and the efficiency of the construction. Therefore, in order to ensure that the drilling tool performs drilling work stably and efficiently, the rotation speed of the drilling tool needs to be determined.

In the related art, the drilling tool includes a drill collar, and the rotation speed measuring device includes a rotating disc type rotation speed measuring instrument. Wherein, the drill collar is connected with the turntable and is driven to rotate by the turntable. During drilling construction, the drill collar is positioned underground, and the turntable is positioned on a drill floor above the well; and the rotating disc type rotating speed measuring instrument is used for detecting the rotating speed of the rotating disc and determining the rotating speed of the rotating disc as the rotating speed of the drill collar, namely the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

However, in the drilling construction process, the drill collar can be subjected to the friction force of the well wall, when the friction force is large, stick-slip phenomenon is easy to occur between the drill collar and the well wall, namely the rotary table rotates normally, the rotating speed of the drill collar subjected to the friction force of the well wall is reduced or even stopped, the rotary table continues to rotate until the torque accumulation driving the drill collar is larger than the friction force, and the drill collar is driven to rotate rapidly. At the moment, the rotating speed of the drill collar is different from that of the rotary table, and the actual rotating speed of the drilling tool cannot be accurately represented by the rotating speed of the rotary table obtained by the rotating speed measuring instrument, so that the accuracy of the rotating speed of the drilling tool determined by the rotating speed measuring instrument of the rotary table is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a device and a method for measuring the rotating speed, which can improve the accuracy of the rotating speed of a drilling tool. The technical scheme is as follows:

in one aspect, the present application provides a device for measuring rotational speed, the device comprising: the magnetic resistance sensor, the single chip microcomputer and the power supply module;

the magnetic resistance sensor, the single chip microcomputer and the power supply module are arranged in a drill collar of a drilling tool to be tested, the magnetic resistance sensor is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the power supply module is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer and the power supply module;

the power supply module is used for supplying power to the single chip microcomputer and the magnetic resistance sensor;

in the process of construction through the drilling tool, the magnetic resistance sensor rotates along with the rotation of the drill collar, the direction of the magnetic resistance sensor cutting the geomagnetic field changes periodically, the resistance value of the magnetic resistance sensor changes periodically, and further the voltage of the magnetic resistance sensor changes periodically to generate a periodically changed voltage differential signal;

and the single chip microcomputer is used for processing the voltage difference signal to obtain the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

In one possible implementation, the magnetoresistive sensor includes a first magnetoresistive sensor and a second magnetoresistive sensor, and the first magnetoresistive sensor and the second magnetoresistive sensor are perpendicular to each other;

the first magnetic resistance sensor is respectively and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer and the power supply module, and the second magnetic resistance sensor is respectively and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer and the power supply module;

during construction through the drilling tool, the first magneto-resistive sensor generates a first voltage differential signal, and the second magneto-resistive sensor generates a second voltage differential signal;

the single chip microcomputer is used for processing the first voltage differential signal and the second voltage differential signal to obtain the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

In one possible implementation, the first magnetoresistive sensor includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first signal output terminal, and a second signal output terminal;

the spatial positions of the first resistor and the second resistor are mutually vertical, and the spatial positions of the third resistor and the fourth resistor are mutually vertical;

the power supply module is respectively connected with the input end of the first resistor and the input end of the second resistor, the output end of the first resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the third resistor and the first signal output end, the output end of the third resistor is connected with the ground wire, the output end of the second resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the fourth resistor and the second signal output end, the output end of the fourth resistor is connected with the ground wire, and the singlechip is respectively connected with the first signal output end and the second signal output end;

with the change of the direction of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor cutting the geomagnetic field, the resistance values of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor change, and the first signal output end and the second signal output end generate a first voltage differential signal.

In one possible implementation, the second magnetoresistive sensor includes a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a third signal output terminal, and a fourth signal output terminal;

the spatial positions of the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are mutually perpendicular, and the spatial positions of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are mutually perpendicular;

the power supply module is respectively connected with the input end of the fifth resistor and the input end of the seventh resistor, the output end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the seventh resistor and the third signal output end, the output end of the seventh resistor is connected with the ground wire, the output end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the eighth resistor and the fourth signal output end, the output end of the eighth resistor is connected with the ground wire, and the singlechip is respectively connected with the third signal output end and the fourth signal output end;

with the change of the direction in which the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor cut the geomagnetic field, the resistance values of the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor change, and the third signal output end and the fourth signal output end generate a second voltage differential signal.

In one possible implementation manner, the single chip microcomputer comprises a differential amplification component and a processor;

the input end of the differential amplification assembly is electrically connected with the output end of the magnetoresistive sensor, and the output end of the differential amplification circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the processor;

the differential amplification component is used for receiving the voltage differential signal output by the magnetoresistive sensor, amplifying the voltage differential signal and transmitting the amplified voltage differential signal to the processor,

and the processor is used for obtaining the rotating speed of the drilling tool through the amplified voltage differential signal.

In a possible implementation manner, the single chip microcomputer further comprises an analog-to-digital conversion component;

the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion assembly is electrically connected with the output end of the differential amplification assembly, and the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion assembly is electrically connected with the input end of the processor;

the analog-to-digital conversion component is used for converting the amplified voltage differential signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the processor;

and the processor is used for obtaining the rotating speed of the drilling tool through the digital signal.

In another aspect, the present application provides a method of determining a rotational speed, the method comprising:

acquiring a voltage differential signal generated by the magnetoresistive sensor;

determining a rotational speed of the drilling tool based on the voltage differential signal.

In one possible implementation, the magnetoresistive sensor includes a first magnetoresistive sensor and a second magnetoresistive sensor, and the voltage differential signal includes a first voltage differential signal generated by the first magnetoresistive sensor and a second voltage differential signal generated by the second magnetoresistive sensor;

the determining the rotational speed of the drilling tool based on the voltage differential signal comprises:

carrying out filtering processing, operational amplifier processing and digital-to-analog conversion processing on the first voltage differential signal and the second voltage differential signal to obtain a first differential digital signal and a second differential digital signal;

determining first positive and negative information of the first differential digital signal and second positive and negative information of the second differential digital signal;

determining quadrant information corresponding to the first positive and negative information and the second positive and negative information, determining the number of quadrants changed in a preset time length according to the quadrant information, and determining the rotating speed of the drilling tool according to the number of quadrants and the preset time length.

In one possible implementation manner, the determining first positive-negative information of the first differential digital signal and second positive-negative information of the second differential digital signal includes:

acquiring a first maximum differential signal and a first minimum differential signal in the first differential digital signal, and determining a second maximum differential signal and a second minimum differential signal in the second differential digital signal;

determining a midpoint of the first maximum differential signal and the first minimum differential signal as a first zero point and a midpoint of the second maximum differential signal and the second minimum differential signal as a second zero point;

when the first differential digital signal is greater than the first zero point, determining that the first differential digital signal is a positive value, and when the first differential digital signal is less than the first zero point, determining that the first differential digital signal is a negative value; and when the second differential digital signal is greater than the second zero point, determining that the second differential digital signal is a positive value, and when the second differential digital signal is less than the second zero point, determining that the second differential digital signal is a negative value.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining quadrant information corresponding to the first positive-negative information and the second positive-negative information includes:

when the first positive and negative information is a positive value and the second positive and negative information is a positive value, determining that the quadrant information is a first quadrant;

when the first positive and negative information is a negative value and the second positive and negative information is a positive value, determining that the quadrant information is a second quadrant;

when the first positive and negative information is a negative value and the second positive and negative information is a negative value, determining that the quadrant information is a third quadrant;

and when the first positive and negative information is a positive value and the second positive and negative information is a negative value, determining that the quadrant information is a fourth quadrant.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that at least:

the embodiment of the application provides a measuring device of rotating speed, because the magnetoresistive sensor of the measuring device is arranged in the drill collar of a drilling tool to be measured, in the process of construction through the drilling tool, the magnetoresistive sensor rotates along with the rotation of the drill collar, so that the rotating speed of the magnetoresistive sensor is the same as the actual rotating speed of the drill collar, the actual rotating speed of the drill collar can be directly determined through a voltage differential signal generated by the magnetoresistive sensor, namely, the drilling speed of the drilling tool can be directly determined through the magnetoresistive sensor, and the accuracy of the determined drilling speed of the drilling tool is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a rotational speed measurement apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a magnetoresistive sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining a rotational speed of a drilling tool according to an exemplary embodiment.

Reference numerals:

11 magnetoresistive sensor

111 first magnetoresistive sensor

112 second magnetoresistive sensor

12 single chip microcomputer

13 power supply module

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a rotational speed measuring apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment. Referring to fig. 1, the measuring apparatus includes: the device comprises a magnetic resistance sensor 11, a singlechip 12 and a power module 13;

the magnetic resistance sensor 11, the single chip microcomputer 12 and the power module 13 are arranged in a drill collar of a drilling tool to be measured, the magnetic resistance sensor 11 is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 12, and the power module 13 is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 12 and the power module 13.

The power module 13 is used for providing power for the singlechip 12 and the magnetic resistance sensor 11;

in the process of construction through a drilling tool, the magnetic resistance sensor 11 rotates along with the rotation of the drill collar, the direction of the magnetic resistance sensor 11 cutting the geomagnetic field changes periodically, the resistance value of the magnetic resistance sensor 11 changes periodically, and further the voltage of the magnetic resistance sensor 11 changes periodically to generate a periodically changed voltage difference signal; and the singlechip 12 is used for processing the voltage difference signal to obtain the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

In the embodiment of the application, in the process of construction through the drilling tool, the magnetoresistive sensor 11 rotates along with the rotation of the drill collar, so that the rotating speed of the magnetoresistive sensor 11 is the same as the actual rotating speed of the drill collar, the actual rotating speed of the drill collar can be directly determined through the voltage differential signal generated by the magnetoresistive sensor 11, that is, the drilling speed of the drilling tool can be directly determined through the magnetoresistive sensor 11, and therefore the accuracy of determining the drilling speed of the drilling tool is improved.

Introduction of the magnetoresistive sensor 11: the magnetic resistance sensor 11 is arranged in a drill collar of a drilling tool to be measured, and the magnetic resistance sensor 11 is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 12 and the power module 13.

In one possible implementation, with continued reference to FIG. 1, a first recess is provided in the sidewall of the drill collar that mates with the magnetoresistive sensor 11, the magnetoresistive sensor 11 being disposed within the first recess. In a possible implementation, the magnetoresistive sensor 11 is attached in the first recess by means of fixing glue. In another possible embodiment, the magnetoresistive sensor 11 is fixed on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) which is attached in the first recess by means of a fixing glue.

In one possible implementation, with continued reference to fig. 1, the measurement device further includes a first cover plate; the first cover plate is matched with the notch of the first groove; the first cover plate is connected with the notch of the first groove and used for fixing the magnetic resistance sensor 11.

In one possible implementation, referring to fig. 2, the magnetoresistive sensor 11 includes a first magnetoresistive sensor 111 and a second magnetoresistive sensor 112, and the first magnetoresistive sensor 111 and the second magnetoresistive sensor 112 are perpendicular to each other; the first magnetic resistance sensor 111 is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 12 and the power supply module 13, and the second magnetic resistance sensor 112 is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 12 and the power supply module 13; during construction through a drilling tool, the first magneto-resistive sensor 111 generates a first voltage differential signal, and the second magneto-resistive sensor 112 generates a second voltage differential signal; and the singlechip 12 is used for processing the first voltage difference signal and the second voltage difference signal to obtain the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

Optionally, the magnetoresistive sensor 11 is an HMC1052L (model name) magnetoresistive sensor 11, and the HMC1052L magnetoresistive sensor 11 includes a dual-axis magnetoresistive sensor 11, that is, two magnetoresistive sensors 11 whose X and Y axes are orthogonal to each other by 90 degrees. When the magnetoresistive sensor 11 rotates along with the rotation of the drill collar, two magnetoresistive sensors 11 in the magnetoresistive sensor 11 of the HMC1052L output differential signals of different voltages, i.e., a first voltage differential signal and a second voltage differential signal, respectively.

In one possible implementation, with continued reference to fig. 2, the first magnetoresistive sensor 111 includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first signal output, and a second signal output;

the spatial positions of the first resistor and the second resistor are mutually vertical, and the spatial positions of the third resistor and the fourth resistor are mutually vertical; the power module 13 is respectively connected with the input end of the first resistor and the input end of the second resistor, the output end of the first resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the third resistor and the first signal output end, the output end of the third resistor is connected with the ground wire, the output end of the second resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the fourth resistor and the second signal output end, the output end of the fourth resistor is connected with the ground wire, and the singlechip 12 is respectively connected with the first signal output end and the second signal output end;

along with the change of the direction of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor for cutting the geomagnetic field, the resistance values of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are changed, and the first signal output end and the second signal output end generate a first voltage difference signal.

In a possible implementation manner, the material of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor may be a magnetic conductive material. Optionally, the magnetic conductive material is silicon steel or permalloy. Alternatively, with continued reference to FIG. 2, the first resistance may be represented by R₁The second resistance can be represented by R₂The third resistance can be represented by R₃The fourth resistance can be represented by R₄And (4) showing.

In one possible implementation, with continued reference to fig. 2, the second magnetoresistive sensor 112 includes a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a third signal output, and a fourth signal output;

the spatial positions of the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are mutually vertical, and the spatial positions of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are mutually vertical; the power module 13 is respectively connected with the input end of a fifth resistor and the input end of a seventh resistor, the output end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected with the input end of the seventh resistor and the third signal output end, the output end of the seventh resistor is connected with the ground wire, the output end of a sixth resistor is respectively connected with the input end of an eighth resistor and the fourth signal output end, the output end of the eighth resistor is connected with the ground wire, and the singlechip 12 is respectively connected with the third signal output end and the fourth signal output end;

with the change of the direction of the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor cutting the geomagnetic field, the resistance values of the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor change, and the third signal output end and the fourth signal output end generate a second voltage difference signal.

In a possible implementation manner, the material of the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor may be a magnetic conductive material. Optionally, the magnetic conductive material is silicon steel or permalloy. Alternatively, with continued reference to FIG. 2, the fifth resistance may be represented by R₅The sixth resistance may be represented by R₆The seventh resistance can be represented by R₇The eighth resistor can be represented by R₈And (4) showing.

It should be noted that the direction of the geomagnetic field around the drill collar is such that the magnetic north pole near the geographical south pole points to the magnetic south pole near the geographical north pole, and the strength of the geomagnetic field around the drill collar is fixed. Optionally, the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are fixed on the PCB; the direction of the PCB is consistent with the radial plane of the drill collar, in the rotating process of the drill collar, the direction of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor cutting the geomagnetic field changes, the resistance values of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor change, and due to the fact that the direction of the first resistor is different from that of the third resistor, the resistance value variation of the first resistor is different from that of the third resistor, the voltage of the first signal output end is different from that of the second signal output end, and therefore a first voltage difference signal is generated.

In addition, in the rotation process of the drill collar, the changes of the directions of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor cutting the geomagnetic field are periodic changes, and the changes of the resistances of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are also periodic changes, so that a first voltage differential signal which changes periodically is generated. Similarly, the direction of the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor cutting the geomagnetic field changes periodically, and the resistance of the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor also changes periodically, so as to generate a second voltage difference signal which changes periodically. The single chip microcomputer 12 determines the rotation frequency of the first magnetic resistance sensor 111 and the second magnetic resistance sensor 112 according to the first voltage difference signal and the second voltage difference signal which change periodically, and further determines the rotation speed of the drilling tool.

Introduction of the single chip microcomputer 12: the single chip microcomputer 12 is arranged in a drill collar of a drilling tool to be measured, and the magnetic resistance sensor 11 is electrically connected with the processor and the power module 13 respectively.

In one possible implementation, with continued reference to fig. 1, the single-chip 12 is attached in the first recess by means of a fixing glue. In another possible implementation, the single-chip microcomputer 12 is fixed on a printed circuit board, which is attached in the first recess by means of a fixing glue.

In one possible implementation, the single chip 12 includes a differential amplification component and a processor; the input end of the differential amplification assembly is electrically connected with the output end of the magnetoresistive sensor 11, the output end of the differential amplification circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the processor, and the power supply module 13 is respectively electrically connected with the differential amplification assembly and the processor and provides power for the differential amplification assembly and the processor;

and the differential amplification assembly is used for receiving the voltage differential signal output by the magnetoresistive sensor 11, amplifying the voltage differential signal, and transmitting the amplified voltage differential signal to the processor, and the processor is used for obtaining the rotating speed of the drilling tool through the amplified voltage differential signal.

Optionally, the differential amplification component is an AD8226 (model name) amplifier, the AD8226 amplifier is a low-cost instrument amplifier with a wide power supply voltage range, the gain range is 1 to 1000, and the rated working temperature range is-40 ℃ to +125 ℃.

In a possible implementation manner, the single chip microcomputer 12 further includes an analog-to-digital conversion component; the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion assembly is electrically connected with the output end of the differential amplification assembly, and the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion assembly is electrically connected with the input end of the processor; the analog-to-digital conversion component is used for converting the amplified voltage differential signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the processor; and the processor is used for obtaining the rotating speed of the drilling tool through the digital signal.

Optionally, the analog-to-digital conversion component is an analog-to-digital converter. For example, the analog-to-digital conversion component is an ADS8504 (model name) analog-to-digital converter, the conversion rate of the ADS8504 analog-to-digital converter is as high as 250kSPS, the ADS8504 analog-to-digital converter has a parallel output function, and the data transmission time can be greatly shortened.

In one possible implementation, the voltage differential signal may be filtered before being converted into a digital signal. Correspondingly, the single chip microcomputer 12 further comprises a filtering component; the input end of the filter assembly is electrically connected with the output end of the differential amplification assembly, and the output end of the filter assembly is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion assembly; and the filtering component is used for carrying out filtering processing on the amplified voltage differential signal and transmitting the voltage differential signal after the filtering processing to the analog-to-digital conversion component.

In a possible implementation manner, the processor can store the drilling speed data after obtaining the rotating speed of the drilling tool. Correspondingly, the single chip microcomputer 12 further comprises a storage component; the storage component is electrically connected with the processor and used for storing the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

In one possible implementation manner, the rotation speed of the drilling tool is transmitted between the storage component and the processor through the communication module. Correspondingly, the single chip microcomputer 12 further comprises a communication module, and the communication module comprises a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module; the signal transmitting module is electrically connected with the processor, and the signal receiving module is electrically connected with the storage component; the signal transmitting module is used for receiving the rotating speed of the drilling tool sent by the processor and sending the rotating speed of the drilling tool to the signal receiving module; and the signal receiving module is used for receiving the rotating speed of the drilling tool and sending the rotating speed of the drilling tool to the storage assembly, and the storage assembly receives and stores the rotating speed of the drilling tool.

Introduction of the power module 13: the power module 13 is arranged in a drill collar of a drilling tool to be measured, and the power module 13 is respectively electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 12 and the power module 13 and used for providing power for the single chip microcomputer 12 and the magnetic resistance sensor 11.

In one possible implementation, with continued reference to FIG. 1, a second recess is provided in the sidewall of the drill collar to mate with the power module 13, and the power module 13 is disposed in the second recess.

In one possible implementation, the measuring device further comprises a second cover plate; the second cover plate is matched with the notch of the second groove; the second cover plate is connected with the notch of the second groove and used for fixing the power module 13.

Optionally, the power module 13 is a unipolar power module.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining a rotational speed of a drilling tool according to an exemplary embodiment. Referring to fig. 3, the method includes:

301. the single chip microcomputer obtains a voltage differential signal generated by the magnetoresistive sensor.

The magnetoresistive sensor comprises a first magnetoresistive sensor and a second magnetoresistive sensor, and the voltage differential signal comprises a first voltage differential signal generated by the first magnetoresistive sensor and a second voltage differential signal generated by the second magnetoresistive sensor

In a possible implementation manner, the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the first magnetoresistive sensor and the second magnetoresistive sensor respectively, the first magnetoresistive sensor transmits a generated first voltage differential signal to the single chip microcomputer, the second magnetoresistive sensor transmits a generated second voltage differential signal to the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer acquires the first voltage differential signal generated by the first magnetoresistive sensor and the second voltage differential signal generated by the second magnetoresistive sensor.

In the construction process by the drilling tool, the direction of the first magneto-resistive sensor cutting the geomagnetic field changes periodically, the change of the resistance of the first magneto-resistive sensor also changes periodically, and a first voltage differential signal which changes periodically is generated. Similarly, the direction of the cutting of the geomagnetic field by the second magnetic resistance sensor is changed periodically, and the change of the resistance of the second magnetic resistance sensor is also changed periodically, so as to generate a second voltage difference signal which changes periodically.

302. And the single chip microcomputer determines the rotating speed of the drilling tool based on the voltage difference signal.

In one possible implementation, this step may be implemented by the following steps (1) to (3):

(1) the single chip microcomputer carries out operational amplifier processing, filtering processing and digital-to-analog conversion processing on the first voltage differential signal and the second voltage differential signal to obtain a first differential digital signal and a second differential digital signal.

In one possible implementation, the method includes the following steps: the singlechip is used for carrying out operational amplification processing on the first voltage differential signal and the second voltage differential signal through the differential amplification assembly to obtain an amplified first voltage differential signal and an amplified second voltage differential signal; the singlechip is used for filtering the amplified first voltage differential signal and the amplified second voltage differential signal through the filtering component to obtain a filtered first voltage differential signal and a filtered second voltage differential signal, and is used for performing digital-to-analog conversion on the filtered first voltage differential signal and the filtered second voltage differential signal through the analog-to-digital conversion component to obtain a first differential digital signal and a second differential digital signal.

In the process of construction through the drilling tool, the first differential digital signal is a digital signal which is periodically changed and corresponds to the first voltage differential signal; the second differential digital signal is a periodically varying digital signal corresponding to the second voltage differential signal. Alternatively, the first differential digital signal may be represented by the letter Xad and the second differential digital signal may be represented by the letter Yad.

(2) The single chip microcomputer determines first positive and negative information of the first differential digital signal and second positive and negative information of the second differential digital signal.

In a possible implementation manner, the single chip determines the positive and negative information of the differential digital signal through a zero point corresponding to the differential digital signal. Correspondingly, the method comprises the following steps: the single chip microcomputer obtains a first maximum differential signal and a first minimum differential signal in the first differential digital signal, and determines a second maximum differential signal and a second minimum differential signal in the second differential digital signal; determining a midpoint of the first maximum differential signal and the first minimum differential signal as a first zero point, and a midpoint of the second maximum differential signal and the second minimum differential signal as a second zero point; when the first differential digital signal is greater than a first zero point, determining that the first differential digital signal is a positive value, and when the first differential digital signal is less than the first zero point, determining that the first differential digital signal is a negative value; and when the second differential digital signal is smaller than the second zero point, determining that the second differential digital signal is a negative value.

The one point to be described is that, after the single chip microcomputer determines the first zero point and the second zero point, the single chip microcomputer may further correct the first zero point and the second zero point according to the differential signal near the zero point to obtain a first correction zero point and a second correction zero point, when the first differential digital signal is greater than the first correction zero point, the first differential digital signal is determined to be a positive value, and when the first differential digital signal is less than the first correction zero point, the first differential digital signal is determined to be a negative value; and when the second differential digital signal is smaller than the second correction zero point, determining that the second differential digital signal is a negative value.

In a possible implementation manner, the step of correcting the first zero point by the single chip according to the differential signal near the first zero point to obtain the first correction zero point is as follows: the single chip microcomputer obtains a first target differential signal corresponding to a first target time point and second target differential information corresponding to a second target time point, wherein the first target time point is the last time point of a first zero point, and the second target time point is the next time point of the first zero point; and correcting the first zero point according to the first target differential signal, the second target differential information, the second target time point and the second target time point to obtain a first correction zero point.

The time difference between the last time point of the first zero point and the first zero point is a preset time difference, and the time difference between the next time point of the first zero point and the first zero point is a preset time difference. The preset time difference may be any value between 1s and 5s, for example, 1s, 2s, 3s, etc.; in the embodiment of the present application, the value of the preset time difference is not specifically limited, and may be set and modified as needed.

In a possible implementation manner, the step of correcting the first zero point by the single chip according to the first target differential signal, the second target differential information, the second target time point, and the second target time point to obtain the first correction zero point includes: the singlechip corrects a first zero point according to the first target differential signal, the second target differential information, the first target time point and the second target time point through the following formula to obtain a first correction zero point;

the formula I is as follows: y is_ref＝T₁-Y₁(T₂-T₁)/(Y₂-Y₁)

Wherein, Y_refDenotes the first zero of correction, T₁Representing a first target point in time, T₂Represents a second target time point, Y₁Representing a first target differential signal, Y₂Representing a second target differential signal.

In this embodiment of the application, the method for the single chip microcomputer to correct the second zero point according to the differential signal near the second zero point to obtain the second zero point is the same as the method for the single chip microcomputer to correct the first zero point according to the differential signal near the first zero point to obtain the first zero point, and details are not repeated here.

(3) The single chip microcomputer determines quadrant information corresponding to the first positive and negative information and the second positive and negative information, determines the number of quadrants changing in the preset time length according to the quadrant information, and determines the rotating speed of the drilling tool according to the number of the quadrants and the preset time length.

In a possible implementation manner, the step of determining, by the single chip microcomputer, quadrant information corresponding to the first positive-negative information and the second positive-negative information is as follows: when the first positive and negative information is a positive value and the second positive and negative information is a positive value, the single chip microcomputer determines that the quadrant information is a first quadrant; when the first positive and negative information is a negative value and the second positive and negative information is a positive value, the single chip microcomputer determines that the quadrant information is a second quadrant; when the first positive and negative information is a negative value and the second positive and negative information is a negative value, the single chip microcomputer determines that the quadrant information is a third quadrant; and when the first positive and negative information is a positive value and the second positive and negative information is a negative value, the single chip microcomputer determines that the quadrant information is a fourth quadrant.

The preset time period may be any value between 1s and 60s, for example, 30s, 60s, 90s, and the like; in the embodiment of the present application, the numerical value of the preset duration is not specifically limited, and may be set and modified as needed.

In a possible implementation manner, the step of determining the rotation speed of the drilling tool by the singlechip according to the number of quadrants and the preset duration is as follows: the single chip microcomputer determines the rotating speed of the drilling tool according to the number of quadrants and the preset duration through a second formula;

the formula II is as follows:

wherein r represents the rotation speed of the drilling tool, t represents the preset time length, and n represents the number of quadrants. The unit of the rotation speed is: rotating/dividing; the unit of the preset duration is as follows: and second.

In the embodiment of the application, in the process of construction through the drilling tool, the magnetic resistance sensor rotates along with the rotation of the drill collar, so that the rotating speed of the magnetic resistance sensor is the same as the actual rotating speed of the drill collar, the actual rotating speed of the drill collar can be directly determined through the voltage differential signal generated by the magnetic resistance sensor, namely the drilling speed of the drilling tool can be directly determined through the magnetic resistance sensor, and the accuracy of determining the drilling speed of the drilling tool is improved.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.