阅读说明：本技术 高阻燃无卤环保、抗压抗冲击稀土高铁铝合金电缆的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable ) 是由 惠小兵 李军 王华俊 瞿其勇 严忠岐 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及电缆技术领域,且公开了高阻燃无卤环保、抗压抗冲击稀土高铁铝合金电缆的制备方法,S1：确定电缆结构,具体包括四根阻燃绝缘层,所述阻燃绝缘层的内部设有若干根紧压铝合金导体,四根所述阻燃绝缘层共同缠绕有阻燃包层,所述阻燃包层的外侧包裹有阻燃内护层,所述阻燃内护层的外侧包裹有联锁式铠装层,所述联锁式铠装层的外侧连接有阻燃外护层。该高阻燃无卤环保、抗压抗冲击稀土高铁铝合金电缆的制备方法,能够解决目前铝合金电缆在一般配电方面虽然得到广泛应用,但是其性能一般,难以满足对电缆越来越高的性能要求的问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and discloses a preparation method of a high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly, compression-resistant and impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable, which comprises the following steps of S1: the method comprises the steps of determining a cable structure, specifically comprising four flame-retardant insulating layers, wherein a plurality of compressed aluminum alloy conductors are arranged in the flame-retardant insulating layers, the four flame-retardant insulating layers are wound with a flame-retardant covering layer together, the outer side of the flame-retardant covering layer is wrapped with a flame-retardant inner protection layer, the outer side of the flame-retardant inner protection layer is wrapped with an interlocking type armor layer, and the outer side of the interlocking type armor layer is connected with a flame-retardant outer protection layer. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable can solve the problem that the conventional aluminum alloy cable is widely applied to general power distribution, but has general performance and is difficult to meet the increasingly high performance requirements of the cable.)

1. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1: determining a cable structure, specifically comprising four flame-retardant insulating layers (1), wherein a plurality of compressed aluminum alloy conductors (2) are arranged inside the flame-retardant insulating layers (1), a flame-retardant covering layer (3) is wound on the four flame-retardant insulating layers (1) together, a flame-retardant inner protective layer (4) is wrapped on the outer side of the flame-retardant covering layer (3), an interlocking armor layer (5) is wrapped on the outer side of the flame-retardant inner protective layer (4), and a flame-retardant outer protective layer (6) is connected to the outer side of the interlocking armor layer (5);

s2, casting the compacted aluminum alloy conductor (2), melting the aluminum alloy material, removing a floating layer on the surface of a molten liquid and a precipitation layer at the bottom of the solution, only extracting the aluminum alloy solution with the highest purity of a central layer and without impurities for melting, flowing the molten aluminum alloy into a mold to form an aluminum alloy casting material, vibrating the mold in the process of forming the aluminum alloy casting material, vibrating bubbles in the aluminum alloy solution in the mold to finally form the aluminum alloy casting material, and then drawing a pull rod on the aluminum alloy casting material to form the compacted aluminum alloy conductor (2);

s3: preparing a plurality of compressed aluminum alloy conductors (2), dividing the compressed aluminum alloy conductors (2) into a group by 15-58 compressed aluminum alloy conductors (2), preparing a raw material of a flame-retardant insulating layer (1), extruding the flame-retardant insulating layer (1) by an extruder to wrap the outer side of each group of compressed aluminum alloy conductors (2), and simultaneously cooling the extruded flame-retardant insulating layer (1) by indoor water, wherein the indoor temperature is kept at 10-12 ℃ and the air flow rate around the flame-retardant insulating layer (1) is accelerated;

s4: stranding the product obtained by the step S3 by using four flame-retardant insulating layers (1) as a group through stranding equipment, wrapping a flame-retardant cladding (3) on the outer side of the product through an extruder, cooling the flame-retardant cladding (3) by indoor water, keeping the indoor temperature at 12-14 ℃, and accelerating the air flow rate around the flame-retardant insulating layers (1);

s5: wrap up fire-retardant inner sheath of one deck (4) in the outside of fire-retardant covering (3) through the extruder, carry out indoor cooling to fire-retardant inner sheath (4), indoor temperature keeps 15-17 degrees centigrade, and accelerate the peripheral air flow rate of fire-retardant inner sheath (4), establish interlocking formula armor (5) again on fire-retardant inner sheath (4), and with interlocking formula armor (5) and fire-retardant inner sheath (4) joint together through extruded mode, the rethread passes through the extruder and wraps up fire-retardant outer sheath of one deck (6) again in the outside of interlocking formula armor (5), treat fire-retardant outer sheath (6) natural water cooling.

2. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and a flame-retardant filling layer (7) is arranged in the flame-retardant cladding (3), and the flame-retardant filling layer (7) wraps the four flame-retardant insulating layers (1).

3. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the interlocking type armor layer (5) adopts an interlocking type smooth and corrugated high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy strip armor and is designed into an arch structure.

4. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the thickness of the flame-retardant cladding (3) is 0.1-0.3cm, and the flame-retardant cladding (3) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22-30 parts of low-density polyethylene resin, 10-15 parts of environment-friendly plasticizer, 20-25 parts of natural rubber, 13-18 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 8-12 parts of nano flame retardant, 10-13 parts of coupling agent, 5-8 parts of anti-aging agent and 3-6 parts of plasticizer.

5. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the outer surface of the flame-retardant outer protective layer (6) is coated with a fluorescent coating layer (8).

6. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: be equipped with flexible support bar (9) that the section is "cross" type in fire-retardant covering (3), separate for four communication areas through flexible support bar (9) in fire-retardant covering (3), four fire-retardant insulating layer (1) sets up respectively in four corresponding communication areas.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a preparation method of a high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable.

Background

With the shortage of copper resources, aluminum is used to replace copper as the development trend of electric wires and cables, and aluminum alloy conductor cores with multifunctional characteristics are the inevitable requirements for the development of electric wires and cables. In the field of power cables, aluminum is light and cheap, has better conductivity, high strength and good abrasion resistance, and thus occupies an advantage in the field of electricians. On overhead transmission lines, especially ultra-high voltage lines and large-span lines, aluminum alloy cables have been the main material of overhead transmission cables. The aluminum alloy cable has excellent thermoplasticity, can be extruded into various sectional materials with complex structures at high speed, is easy to process, has excellent corrosion resistance and good conductivity, and is widely applied to the field of power transmission.

At present, aluminum alloy cables are widely applied to the aspect of general power distribution, but the performance of the aluminum alloy cables is general, and the higher performance requirements of the aluminum alloy cables are difficult to meet.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable, which has the advantage of improving the working performance of the cable and solves the problem that the conventional aluminum alloy cable is widely applied to general power distribution, but has general performance and is difficult to meet the higher and higher performance requirements of the cable.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose of improving the working performance of the cable, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable comprises the following steps:

s1: determining a cable structure, specifically comprising four flame-retardant insulating layers, wherein a plurality of compressed aluminum alloy conductors are arranged inside the flame-retardant insulating layers, the four flame-retardant insulating layers are wound with a flame-retardant covering layer together, the outer side of the flame-retardant covering layer is wrapped with a flame-retardant inner protective layer, the outer side of the flame-retardant inner protective layer is wrapped with an interlocking armor layer, and the outer side of the interlocking armor layer is connected with a flame-retardant outer protective layer;

s2, casting a compressed aluminum alloy conductor, melting an aluminum alloy material, removing a floating layer on the surface of a molten liquid and a precipitation layer at the bottom of the solution, only extracting a molten aluminum alloy solution with highest purity of a central layer and no impurities, flowing the molten aluminum alloy into a mold to form an aluminum alloy cast material, vibrating the mold in the process of forming the aluminum alloy cast material, vibrating bubbles in the aluminum alloy solution in the mold to finally form the aluminum alloy cast material, and then performing pull rod drawing on the aluminum alloy cast material to form the compressed aluminum alloy conductor;

s3: preparing a plurality of compressed aluminum alloy conductors, dividing the compressed aluminum alloy conductors into a group by 15-58 compressed aluminum alloy conductors, preparing a raw material of a flame-retardant insulating layer, extruding the flame-retardant insulating layer by an extruder to wrap the flame-retardant insulating layer outside each group of compressed aluminum alloy conductors, and simultaneously cooling the extruded flame-retardant insulating layer indoors, wherein the indoor temperature is kept at 10-12 ℃ and the air flow rate around the flame-retardant insulating layer is accelerated;

s4: twisting the product obtained by the step S3 by using four flame-retardant insulating layers as a group through twisting equipment, wrapping a flame-retardant cladding layer on the outer side of the product through an extruder, carrying out indoor cooling on the flame-retardant cladding layer, keeping the indoor temperature at 12-14 ℃, and accelerating the air flow rate around the flame-retardant cladding layer;

s5: wrap up the fire-retardant inner sheath of one deck in the outside of fire-retardant covering through the extruder, carry out indoor cooling to fire-retardant inner sheath, indoor temperature keeps 15-17 degrees centigrade, and accelerate to hinder the peripheral air flow rate of fire-retardant inner sheath, establish interlocking formula armor cover on fire-retardant inner sheath again, and through the extruded mode with interlocking formula armor with fire-retardant inner sheath joint together, the rethread passes through the extruder and wraps up the fire-retardant outer sheath of one deck again in the outside of interlocking formula armor, treat the fire-retardant outer sheath natural water cooling.

Preferably, a flame-retardant filling layer is arranged in the flame-retardant covering layer, and the flame-retardant filling layer is wrapped by four flame-retardant insulating layers.

Preferably, the interlocking type armor layer is designed by adopting an interlocking type smooth and corrugated high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy strip armor and an arch structure.

Preferably, the thickness of the flame-retardant cladding is 0.1-0.3cm, and the flame-retardant cladding comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22-30 parts of low-density polyethylene resin, 10-15 parts of environment-friendly plasticizer, 20-25 parts of natural rubber, 13-18 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 8-12 parts of nano flame retardant, 10-13 parts of coupling agent, 5-8 parts of anti-aging agent and 3-6 parts of plasticizer.

Preferably, the outer surface of the flame-retardant outer sheath is coated with a fluorescent coating layer.

Preferably, the cross-shaped flexible supporting strips are arranged in the flame-retardant covering layer, the flame-retardant covering layer is divided into four communication areas through the flexible supporting strips, and the four flame-retardant insulating layers are respectively arranged in the four corresponding communication areas.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. this high fire-retardant halogen-free environmental protection, resistance to compression tombarthite high-speed railway aluminum alloy cable that shocks resistance adopts the structure of fire-retardant insulating layer, fire-retardant covering, fire-retardant inner sheath, interlocking formula armor and fire-retardant outer jacket, through interlocking formula armor, has changed traditional steel band around the package mode, has better pliability, bending nature, resistance to compression and shocks resistance, long service life, and fire-retardant fire-resistant more, and the cable does not have the halogen environmental protection, realizes high fire-retardant feature ability.

2. The preparation method of the high-flame-retardance halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable comprises the steps of casting an aluminum alloy conductor, and only selecting an aluminum alloy solution with the highest purity of a central layer and free of impurity fusion to cast the aluminum alloy conductor, so that the purity of the aluminum alloy conductor is improved, vibrating bubbles in the aluminum alloy solution in the mould through a vibrating mould, and avoiding the influence on the conductive effect caused by the fact that the finally formed compressed aluminum alloy conductor contains bubbles.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable provided by the invention.

In the figure: 1. a flame retardant insulating layer; 2. pressing the aluminum alloy conductor; 3. a flame retardant cladding; 4. a flame retardant inner sheath; 5. an interlocked armor layer; 6. a flame retardant outer jacket; 7. a flame retardant filler layer; 8. a fluorescent coating layer; 9. a flexible support strip.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the preparation method of the high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable comprises the following steps:

s1: determining a cable structure, specifically comprising four flame-retardant insulating layers 1, wherein a plurality of compressed aluminum alloy conductors 2 are arranged inside the flame-retardant insulating layers 1, the four flame-retardant insulating layers 1 are jointly wound with a flame-retardant covering 3, the outer side of the flame-retardant covering 3 is wrapped with a flame-retardant inner protection layer 4, the outer side of the flame-retardant inner protection layer 4 is wrapped with an interlocking armor layer 5, the outer side of the interlocking armor layer 5 is connected with a flame-retardant outer protection layer 6, the structure of the flame-retardant insulating layer 1, the flame-retardant covering 3, the flame-retardant inner protection layer 4, the interlocking armor layer 5 and the flame-retardant outer protection layer 6 is adopted, and through the interlocking armor layer, the traditional steel belt winding mode is changed, so that the cable structure has the advantages of better flexibility, compression resistance, impact resistance, long service life, flame retardance, fire resistance, halogen-free environment friendliness and high flame-retardant and environment-friendly performance;

s2, casting the compacted aluminum alloy conductor 2, melting the aluminum alloy material, removing a floating layer on the surface of a molten liquid and a precipitation layer at the bottom of the solution, only extracting a molten aluminum alloy solution with highest purity of a central layer and no impurities, flowing the molten aluminum alloy into a mold to form an aluminum alloy rod, vibrating the mold in the process of forming the aluminum alloy rod, vibrating bubbles in the aluminum alloy solution in the mold to finally form the aluminum alloy rod, and drawing the aluminum alloy rod to form the compacted aluminum alloy conductor 2, so that the purity of the aluminum alloy conductor 2 is improved, and the influence on the conductive effect caused by the bubbles contained in the finally formed compacted aluminum alloy conductor 2 is avoided;

s3: preparing a plurality of compressed aluminum alloy conductors 2, dividing the compressed aluminum alloy conductors 2 into a group by 15-58 compressed aluminum alloy conductors 2, preparing a raw material of a flame-retardant insulating layer 1, extruding the flame-retardant insulating layer 1 by an extruder to wrap the flame-retardant insulating layer 1 outside each group of compressed aluminum alloy conductors 2, and simultaneously carrying out indoor cooling on the extruded flame-retardant insulating layer 1, wherein the indoor temperature is kept at 10-12 ℃, and the air flow rate around the flame-retardant insulating layer 1 is accelerated;

s4: twisting the product obtained by the step S3 by using four flame-retardant insulating layers 1 as a group through twisting equipment, wrapping a layer of flame-retardant cladding 3 on the outer side of the product through an extruder, carrying out indoor cooling on the flame-retardant cladding 3, keeping the indoor temperature at 12-14 ℃, and accelerating the air flow rate around the flame-retardant cladding 3;

s5: wrap up the fire-retardant inner sheath of one deck 4 in the outside of fire-retardant covering 3 through the extruder, carry out indoor cooling to fire-retardant inner sheath 4, indoor temperature keeps 15-17 degrees centigrade, and accelerate to hinder the peripheral air flow rate of fire-retardant inner sheath 4, establish 5 covers of interlocking formula armor on fire-retardant inner sheath 4 again, and through the extruded mode with interlocking formula armor 5 and the 4 joint of fire-retardant inner sheath together, the rethread passes through the extruder and wraps up the fire-retardant outer sheath of one deck 6 again in interlocking formula armor 5's the outside, treat that fire-retardant outer sheath 6 cools in the nature water.

The flame-retardant cladding 3 is internally provided with a flame-retardant filling layer 7, and the flame-retardant filling layer 7 wraps the four flame-retardant insulating layers 1.

The thickness of the flame-retardant cladding 3 is 0.1-0.3cm, and the flame-retardant cladding 3 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of low-density polyethylene resin, 13 parts of environment-friendly plasticizer, 20 parts of natural rubber, 13 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 10 parts of nano flame retardant, 10 parts of coupling agent, 8 parts of anti-aging agent and 3 parts of plasticizer.

The outer surface of the flame-retardant outer sheath 6 is coated with a fluorescent paint layer 8.

The cross-shaped flexible supporting strips 9 are arranged in the flame-retardant covering layer 3, the flame-retardant covering layer 3 is divided into four communication areas by the flexible supporting strips 10, and the four flame-retardant insulating layers 1 are respectively arranged in the four corresponding communication areas.

Taking three high-flame-retardant halogen-free environment-friendly compression-resistant impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cables, respectively marking 1, 2 and 3, and respectively carrying out experiments on products No. 1 to No. 3 according to GB/T19666-2005 fire-retardant and fire-resistant cable general rules, GA306-2007 standards of fire-retardant and fire-resistant cable plastic insulation flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable grading and requirements and test determination methods of impact resistance and compression resistance, wherein the results are as follows:

flame retardant halogen-free performance test

Second, impact resistance and compression resistance test

1. Impact resistance test

1.1 test device

1) Impact anvil

121mm (length) 76mm (width) 127mm (height) solid rectangular steel block, the upper surface (121mm X76 mm) is horizontally fixed on cement floor or other firm support.

2) Solid steel rod

A solid steel rod with a diameter of 19mm and a length of 121mm is fastened in the center of the upper surface of the fixed anvil and parallel to the 121mm dimension of the anvil surface.

3) Impact hammer

A4.5 kg (for specifications below 35mm 2) and 22.7kg (for specifications 35mm2 and above) solid rectangular steel block with a lower surface (the surface impact cable) of 51mm width and 152mm length and trimmed to a 1.5mm edge.

4) An on-off detector with a 3W, 120V neon light indication.

1.2 testing

1) A22.7 kg weight hammer was set above the specimen by 31 cm.

2) The first marker point of the test specimen was placed and fixed on the steel bar so that the longitudinal axis of the test specimen was horizontal, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the steel bar, and on the perpendicular to the geometric center of the lower surface of the impact hammer, the upper surface of the steel bar, and the upper surface of the fixed anvil.

3) Each of the sample insulated conductive wire cores is connected with a 3W and 120V light indication on-off detector, and an insulated grounding wire core is connected to the armor layer.

4) The hammer is released from the set height, falls freely and impacts the test specimen once, then immediately rises and is fixed at the initial height, and the cable test specimen should move forward and impact the rest test points of the test specimen once respectively, 10 times.

5) Each impact records whether one or two neon lamps are lighted or not during impact, which indicates that the connection between the conductive wire cores or the connection between one or two conductive wire cores and the armor layer occurs instantly or for a longer time. And (4) conclusion:

none of the three samples found more than two test points in any 10 test points of the test length to be struck with any one lamp illuminated.

2. Compression test

2.1 test apparatus:

2) each insulated conductive core in the test length of the cable should be connected in series with a buzzer or other low voltage indicator and a power circuit, one of which is correspondingly grounded. All grounding wire cores in the cable test length are connected with the armor layer, all metal parts of the press machine, each grounding wire and a grounding power wire.

3) The upper steel plate of the press is lowered until just against the sample and then the steel plate continues its lowering movement at a speed of 10 ± 1mm/min to increase the pressure on the sample until one or more indicators indicate that the connection between the conductive cores of the sample or between one or more conductive cores and any ground core, armor or both has been made. The cable section under test is moved forward, squeezing each flag in succession, for a total of 10 squeezes. The pressure indicated on the pressure gauge of the press at switch-on is recorded.

2.3 conclusion

The average value of the 10 extrusion forces of the three samples is not less than 8896N.

From the above table and the tests of impact resistance and compression resistance, it can be known that the high-flame-retardant, halogen-free, environment-friendly, compression-resistant and impact-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable prepared by the invention not only meets the GB/T19666-2005 fire-retardant and fire-resistant cable general rules and GA306-2007 grading and requirements of fire-retardant and fire-resistant cable plastic insulation fire-retardant and fire-resistant cable and standard requirements, but also has strong impact resistance and compression resistance; compared with a copper cable, the cable has the characteristics of good toughness, impact resistance, compression resistance, light weight, simplicity, convenience, quickness, no toxicity, high cost performance and the like, is simple, convenient and quick to install, can be suitable for public places with dense population, and is safe and reliable.

In conclusion, the preparation method of the high-flame-retardance halogen-free environment-friendly corrosion-resistant rare earth high-iron aluminum alloy cable adopts the structures of the flame-retardant insulating layer 1, the flame-retardant covering layer 3, the flame-retardant inner protective layer 4, the interlocking type armor layer 5 and the flame-retardant outer protective layer 6, changes the traditional steel belt wrapping mode through the interlocking type armor layer, and has the advantages of better flexibility, bending property, compression resistance, impact resistance, long service life, flame retardance, fire resistance, no halogen, environmental friendliness and high flame-retardance and environmental-friendly performance.

It is to be noted that the term "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.