阅读说明：本技术 一种低烟无卤阻燃电缆料及其制备方法 (Low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陆福明 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种低烟无卤阻燃电缆料及其制备方法,所述低烟无卤阻燃电缆料由以下重量份数的原料制成：基体树脂100份、改性氢氧化铝50～80份、纳米氢氧化镁50～80份、聚磷酸铵10～35份、三氧化钼1～3份、相容剂15～20份、硅酮母料0.4～1.8份、纳米粘土1～10份、纳米石墨烯粉5～7份、抗氧剂0.5～2.8份；其中,所述基体树脂由低密度聚乙烯、聚烯烃弹性体及乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚树脂组成。本发明中的一种低烟无卤阻燃电缆料,在保证电缆料绝缘性能和力学性能的基础上,阻燃效果优异,燃烧时低烟无毒,同时提高了电缆料的耐温、耐老化性能及使用寿命。(The invention discloses a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 50-80 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide, 50-80 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 10-35 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1-3 parts of molybdenum trioxide, 15-20 parts of compatilizer, 0.4-1.8 parts of silicone master batch, 1-10 parts of nano clay, 5-7 parts of nano graphene powder and 0.5-2.8 parts of antioxidant; wherein the matrix resin is composed of low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. The low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material disclosed by the invention has the advantages that on the basis of ensuring the insulating property and the mechanical property of the cable material, the flame-retardant effect is excellent, the low smoke is low in toxicity during combustion, the temperature resistance and the aging resistance of the cable material are improved, and the service life of the cable material is prolonged.)

1. The low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 50-80 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide, 50-80 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 10-35 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1-3 parts of molybdenum trioxide, 15-20 parts of compatilizer, 0.4-1.8 parts of silicone master batch, 1-10 parts of nano clay, 5-7 parts of nano graphene powder and 0.5-2.8 parts of antioxidant;

the base resin is composed of low-density polyethylene, a polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is (1-4): 1-4: 1.

2. the low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable material of claim 1, wherein the low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 70 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide, 70 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 26 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1.5 parts of molybdenum trioxide, 19 parts of compatilizer, 1 part of silicone master batch, 6 parts of nano clay, 5.8 parts of nano graphene powder and 2.1 parts of antioxidant.

3. The low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified aluminum hydroxide comprises:

a. dissolving epoxy silicone oil in an organic solvent to obtain a modified solution;

b. and (b) sequentially adding aluminum hydroxide and the modified solution obtained in the step (a) into a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 600-800 r/min for 1-4 hours, evaporating the organic solvent after the reaction is finished, drying at 120-130 ℃ for 2-6 hours, and crushing to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.

4. The low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass fraction of the epoxy silicone oil in the modified solution obtained in the step (a) is 15-18%; the mass ratio of the aluminum hydroxide to the modified solution in the step (b) is 1: 0.02 to 0.025.

5. The low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable material of claim 3, wherein the organic solvent is selected from any one of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and carbon tetrachloride.

6. The low smoke, zero halogen and flame retardant cable material of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is a mixture of 1, 1, 3-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane and dilauryl thiodipropionate.

7. The low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable material of claim 1, wherein the nanoclay is any one of montmorillonite, sepiolite, attapulgite and kaolin.

8. The low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable material of claim 1, wherein the compatibilizer is ethylene-octene copolymer grafted maleic anhydride copolymer.

9. A method for preparing a low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable material according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, weighing the matrix resin, the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant according to the formula ratio;

s2, sequentially adding the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant weighed in the step S1 into a high-speed mixer, and stirring and mixing for 10-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 400-600 r/min to obtain a premix;

s3, sequentially adding the matrix resin weighed in the step S1 and the premix obtained in the step S2 into an internal mixer, carrying out internal mixing for 15-30 minutes at 140-150 ℃, adding into a double-stage single-screw extruder, carrying out extrusion granulation at the machine body temperature of 145-180 ℃ and the machine head temperature of 185-205 ℃, carrying out cold air flour milling, pelletizing, air cooling and sorting by a vibrating screen, and thus obtaining the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, in particular to a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the continuous development of science and technology and social economy, people have higher and higher requirements on the safety and environmental protection performance of wire and cable products. The traditional halogen-containing cable material can release a large amount of toxic and harmful hydrogen halide gas during combustion, so that the life safety of personnel and building equipment are damaged, and the use of the halogen-containing cable material is increasingly limited, therefore, the development of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material has important significance. Most of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable materials take polyolefin as a base material, and a large amount of inorganic flame retardant is added into the base material to achieve the effect of low-smoke halogen-free flame retardance. However, most polyolefins are nonpolar materials and have poor compatibility with inorganic flame retardants with strong polarity, so that the processing technology performance and the physical and mechanical properties of the cable material are seriously affected after a large amount of inorganic flame retardants are added.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material which adopts low-density polyethylene, a polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin as matrix resin, modified aluminum hydroxide, nano magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and nano graphene are added into the matrix resin as flame retardants, compatilizers are added as flame-retardant synergists, and auxiliaries such as silicone master batch, nano clay and antioxidant are added, so that on the basis of ensuring the insulating property and the mechanical property of the cable material, the flame-retardant effect is excellent, the cable material is low-smoke and nontoxic during combustion, and the temperature resistance, the aging resistance and the service life of the cable material are improved through the antioxidant; in addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 50-80 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide, 50-80 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 10-35 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1-3 parts of molybdenum trioxide, 15-20 parts of compatilizer, 0.4-1.8 parts of silicone master batch, 1-10 parts of nano clay, 5-7 parts of nano graphene powder and 0.5-2.8 parts of antioxidant;

The base resin is composed of low-density polyethylene, a polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is (1-4): 1-4: 1.

the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material disclosed by the invention adopts low-density polyethylene, a polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin as matrix resin, modified aluminum hydroxide, nano magnesium hydroxide and nano graphene are added into the matrix resin as flame retardants, ammonium polyphosphate is used as a flame-retardant synergist, and silicone master batch, nano clay, antioxidant and other auxiliaries are added. The aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide are both inorganic additive flame retardants, can release moisture when heated and decomposed, absorb a large amount of latent heat, can reduce the actual temperature of flame on the surface of the material, slow down the degradation speed of a polymer into low molecules, reduce the generation of combustible substances, dilute the temperature of oxygen on the surface of the material through released water vapor, make the combustion on the surface of the material difficult to carry out, and simultaneously, the magnesium hydroxide is favorable for forming a surface carbonization layer to prevent heat and oxygen from entering; in addition, the magnesium oxide generated by the decomposition of magnesium hydroxide is a good refractory material, and once the fire source is extinguished, the combustion can be automatically stopped; the gas steam generated during the combustion of the molybdenum trioxide has higher density and can stay in the combustion zone for a longer time, namely the gas steam can insulate heat and oxygen when covering the surface of the polymer and also plays a role in diluting combustible gas; wherein, ammonium polyphosphate is decomposed at high temperature to generate carbon dioxide, ammonia gas, nitrogen dioxide, water and other non-combustible gases. The concentration of oxygen in the air and combustible gas generated when the high polymer material is heated and decomposed is diluted by the gas, meanwhile, part of heat can be taken away by heat convection generated in formed overload, generated nitrogen can capture free radicals, chain reaction of the high polymer material is inhibited, and the purpose of removing the free radicals is achieved, so that a good flame retardant effect is realized; wherein, the silicone master batch can improve the surface smoothness of the material; the nano graphene powder can form foam carbon on the surface of the polymer when being burnt, namely a protective layer is formed on the surface of the polymer, so that heat and oxygen are prevented from being transmitted to the inside of the polymer, meanwhile, the polymer degradation product is prevented from diffusing to flame, and the thermal decomposition rate of the polymer is smaller than the rate required for maintaining the flame.

The melt index of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 2-4 g/10min, wherein the content of vinyl acetate accounts for 10-40% of the total mass of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; the low-density polyethylene in the invention is metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, and the melt index of the low-density polyethylene is 0.5-10 g/10 min.

Preferably, the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 70 parts of modified aluminum hydroxide, 70 parts of nano magnesium hydroxide, 26 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 1.5 parts of molybdenum trioxide, 19 parts of compatilizer, 1 part of silicone master batch, 6 parts of nano clay, 5.8 parts of nano graphene powder and 2.1 parts of antioxidant.

Further, the preparation method of the modified aluminum hydroxide comprises the following steps:

a. dissolving epoxy silicone oil in an organic solvent to obtain a modified solution;

b. and (b) sequentially adding aluminum hydroxide and the modified solution obtained in the step (a) into a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 600-800 r/min for 1-4 hours, evaporating the organic solvent after the reaction is finished, drying at 120-130 ℃ for 2-6 hours, and crushing to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.

Preferably, the mass fraction of epoxy silicone oil in the modified solution obtained in the step (a) is 15-18%; the mass ratio of the aluminum hydroxide to the modified solution in the step (b) is 1: 0.02 to 0.025.

The aluminum hydroxide is modified by the epoxy silicone oil, the epoxy silicone oil is adsorbed on the surface of the aluminum hydroxide by a physical method to form a coating layer, and the epoxy silicone oil with excellent thermal stability and a hydrophobic function is introduced into the surface of the aluminum hydroxide, so that the thermal stability of the aluminum hydroxide is improved, and the compatibility between the aluminum hydroxide and a polymer matrix material when the aluminum hydroxide is used as a flame retardant is also improved.

Preferably, the organic solvent is selected from any one of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone and carbon tetrachloride.

Preferably, the antioxidant is a mixture consisting of 1, 1, 3-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane and dilauryl thiodipropionate.

Preferably, the nanoclay is any one of montmorillonite, sepiolite, attapulgite and kaolin.

Further, the compatilizer is an ethylene-octene copolymer grafted maleic anhydride copolymer.

The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, which comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the matrix resin, the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant according to the formula ratio;

S2, sequentially adding the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant weighed in the step S1 into a high-speed mixer, and stirring and mixing for 10-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 400-600 r/min to obtain a premix;

s3, sequentially adding the matrix resin weighed in the step S1 and the premix obtained in the step S2 into an internal mixer, carrying out internal mixing for 15-30 minutes at 140-150 ℃, adding into a double-stage single-screw extruder, carrying out extrusion granulation at the machine body temperature of 145-180 ℃ and the machine head temperature of 185-205 ℃, carrying out cold air flour milling, pelletizing, air cooling and sorting by a vibrating screen, and thus obtaining the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, low-density polyethylene, a polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin are used as matrix resin, modified aluminum hydroxide, nano magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and nano graphene are added into the matrix resin to serve as flame retardants, compatilizers are used as flame-retardant synergists, and auxiliaries such as silicone master batches, nano clay and antioxidants are added.

2. According to the invention, the aluminum hydroxide is modified by the epoxy silicone oil, and the epoxy silicone oil with excellent thermal stability and a hydrophobic function is introduced to the surface of the aluminum hydroxide, so that the thermal stability of the aluminum hydroxide is improved, and the compatibility between the aluminum hydroxide and a polymer matrix material when the aluminum hydroxide is used as a flame retardant is also improved.

3. The preparation method of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material is simple in process and convenient for realizing industrial production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a modified aluminum hydroxide according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a line graph of the effect of different polyolefin elastomer contents on tensile strength in test example 2;

FIG. 4 is a line graph of the effect of different polyolefin elastomer contents on elongation at break in test example 2;

FIG. 5 is a line graph showing the effect of different compatibilizer levels on tensile strength in test example 3;

FIG. 6 is a line graph showing the effect of different compatibilizer contents on elongation at break in test example 3.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the characteristics, the purposes and the functions of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with reference to the specific drawings.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 2, this embodiment provides a method for preparing modified aluminum hydroxide, including the following steps:

a. dissolving epoxy silicone oil in an organic solvent to obtain a modified solution;

b. and (b) sequentially adding the aluminum hydroxide and the modified solution obtained in the step (a) into a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 800r/min for 3 hours, evaporating the organic solvent after the reaction is finished, drying at 125 ℃ for 4.8 hours, and crushing to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.

Wherein the mass fraction of epoxy silicone oil in the modified solution obtained in the step (a) is 18%; the mass ratio of the aluminum hydroxide to the modified solution in the step (b) is 1: 0.022.

wherein, the organic solvent in this embodiment is absolute ethyl alcohol.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, which is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 100g of matrix resin, 50g of modified aluminum hydroxide, 51g of nano magnesium hydroxide, 12g of ammonium polyphosphate, 1g of molybdenum trioxide, 15g of compatilizer, 0.4g of silicone master batch, 1g of nano clay, 5g of nano graphene powder and 0.5g of antioxidant;

the matrix resin consists of low-density polyethylene, a polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 2: 1.

The modified aluminum hydroxide in this example is the modified aluminum hydroxide prepared in example 1.

Wherein, the antioxidant in the embodiment is a mixture consisting of 1, 1, 3-tri (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane and dilauryl thiodipropionate. Wherein the mass ratio of 1, 1, 3-tri (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane to dilauryl thiodipropionate is 1: 1.

wherein the nanoclay in this example is kaolin.

Among them, the ethylene-octene copolymer in this example was grafted with a maleic anhydride copolymer.

The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, which comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the matrix resin, the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant according to the formula ratio;

s2, sequentially adding the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant weighed in the step S1 into a high-speed mixer, and stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 25 minutes to obtain a premix;

S3, sequentially adding the matrix resin weighed in the step S1 and the premix obtained in the step S2 into an internal mixer, carrying out internal mixing for 20 minutes at 148 ℃, adding into a double-stage single-screw extruder, carrying out extrusion granulation at the machine body temperature of 145-180 ℃ and the machine head temperature of 185-205 ℃, carrying out cold air ground granulation, air cooling and vibrating screen separation, and thus obtaining the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, which is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 100g of matrix resin, 82g of modified aluminum hydroxide, 80g of nano magnesium hydroxide, 35g of ammonium polyphosphate, 3g of molybdenum trioxide, 20g of compatilizer, 1.8g of silicone master batch, 10g of nano clay, 7g of nano graphene powder and 2.8g of antioxidant;

the matrix resin consists of low-density polyethylene, a polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 2: 1.

the modified aluminum hydroxide in this example is the modified aluminum hydroxide prepared in example 1.

Wherein, the antioxidant in the embodiment is a mixture consisting of 1, 1, 3-tri (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane and dilauryl thiodipropionate. Wherein the mass ratio of 1, 1, 3-tri (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane to dilauryl thiodipropionate is 1: 1.

Wherein the nanoclay in this example is kaolin.

Among them, the ethylene-octene copolymer in this example was grafted with a maleic anhydride copolymer.

The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, which comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the matrix resin, the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant according to the formula ratio;

s2, sequentially adding the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant weighed in the step S1 into a high-speed mixer, and stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 25 minutes to obtain a premix;

s3, sequentially adding the matrix resin weighed in the step S1 and the premix obtained in the step S2 into an internal mixer, carrying out internal mixing for 20 minutes at 148 ℃, adding into a double-stage single-screw extruder, carrying out extrusion granulation at the machine body temperature of 145-180 ℃ and the machine head temperature of 185-205 ℃, carrying out cold air ground granulation, air cooling and vibrating screen separation, and thus obtaining the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, which is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 100g of matrix resin, 70g of modified aluminum hydroxide, 70g of nano-magnesium hydroxide, 26g of ammonium polyphosphate, 1.5g of molybdenum trioxide, 19g of compatilizer, 1g of silicone master batch, 6g of nano-clay, 5.8g of nano-graphene powder and 2.1g of antioxidant.

The matrix resin consists of low-density polyethylene, a polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 2: 1.

the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

the modified aluminum hydroxide in this example is the modified aluminum hydroxide prepared in example 1.

Wherein, the antioxidant in the embodiment is a mixture consisting of 1, 1, 3-tri (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane and dilauryl thiodipropionate. Wherein the mass ratio of 1, 1, 3-tri (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane to dilauryl thiodipropionate is 1: 1.

wherein the nanoclay in this example is kaolin.

Among them, the ethylene-octene copolymer in this example was grafted with a maleic anhydride copolymer.

The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material, which comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the matrix resin, the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant according to the formula ratio;

s2, sequentially adding the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano-magnesium hydroxide, the ammonium polyphosphate, the molybdenum trioxide, the compatilizer, the silicone master batch, the nano-clay, the nano-graphene powder and the antioxidant weighed in the step S1 into a high-speed mixer, and stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 25 minutes to obtain a premix;

s3, sequentially adding the matrix resin weighed in the step S1 and the premix obtained in the step S2 into an internal mixer, carrying out internal mixing for 20 minutes at 148 ℃, adding into a double-stage single-screw extruder, carrying out extrusion granulation at the machine body temperature of 145-180 ℃ and the machine head temperature of 185-205 ℃, carrying out cold air ground granulation, air cooling and vibrating screen separation, and thus obtaining the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material.

Comparative example 1

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the matrix resin in the comparative example consists of low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 1: 1.

Comparative example 2

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the matrix resin in the comparative example consists of low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 1.5: 1.

comparative example 3

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the matrix resin in the comparative example consists of low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 2.5: 1.

comparative example 4

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the matrix resin in the comparative example consists of low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 3: 1.

Comparative example 5

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the matrix resin in the comparative example consists of low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 3.5: 1.

comparative example 6

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the matrix resin in the comparative example consists of low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, wherein the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 4: 1.

comparative example 7

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the amount of the compatibilizer added in this example was 16 g.

Comparative example 8

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the amount of the compatibilizer added in this example was 17 g.

Comparative example 9

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the amount of the compatibilizer added in this example was 18 g.

Comparative example 10

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the amount of the compatibilizer added in this example was 20 g.

Comparative example 11

The difference between the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the comparative example and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material provided by the embodiment 4 is as follows: the amount of the compatibilizer added in this example was 21 g.

Test example 1

The performance of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable materials of examples 2 to 4 was tested, and the test results are shown in table 1.

Table 1 table of performance test results of the low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable materials in examples 2 to 4

As can be seen from Table 1, the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material has excellent flame-retardant effect on the basis of ensuring the insulating property and the mechanical property of the cable material, is low-smoke and nontoxic during combustion, and simultaneously improves the temperature resistance, the aging resistance and the service life of the cable material through an antioxidant.

Test example 2

The tensile strength, the elongation at break and the oxygen index of the low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable material in example 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were measured, the oxygen index measurement results are shown in table 2, and the tensile strength and the elongation at break measurement results are shown in fig. 3 and 4.

Table 2 table of oxygen index test results of the low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable materials in example 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6

As can be seen from table 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, as the addition amount of the polyolefin elastomer increases, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material are continuously improved, but when the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer in the matrix resin is greater than 40%, the oxygen index is decreased, and on the basis of ensuring the excellent flame-retardant performance, the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene, the polyolefin elastomer and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is 2: 2: 1, the cable material has the best performance.

Test example 3

The tensile strength, the elongation at break and the oxygen index of the low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable materials in example 4 and comparative examples 7 to 11 were measured, the oxygen index measurement results are shown in table 3, and the tensile strength and the elongation at break measurement results are shown in fig. 5 and 6.

Table 3 table of oxygen index test results of the low smoke zero halogen flame retardant cable materials in example 4 and comparative examples 7 to 11.

As can be seen from table 3, fig. 5 and fig. 6, as the addition amount of the compatibilizer increases, the tensile strength increases first and then decreases, the addition of the compatibilizer can improve the compatibility between the modified aluminum hydroxide and the nano magnesium hydroxide and the matrix resin, and is beneficial to uniform dispersion of the modified aluminum hydroxide, the nano magnesium hydroxide and the nano graphene in the matrix resin, and the elongation at break increases with the increase of the addition amount of the compatibilizer, so that the optimal addition amount of the compatibilizer is 19 parts by weight while ensuring the mechanical properties and the flame retardancy.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.