阅读说明：本技术 一种便携式可用于全天候获得淡水的装置及工作方法 (Portable device capable of obtaining fresh water in all weather and working method ) 是由 杜慕 黄茂荃 赵琳 崔晓鸣 孙锲 于西雨 杨睿 于 2021-10-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种便携式可用于全天候获得淡水的装置及工作方法,解决了现有技术中无法实现全天候取水的问题,具有实现白天、夜间均能有效获取淡水的有益效果,具体方案如下：一种便携式可用于全天候获得淡水的装置,包括第一罩和取水层,盛水容器能够放置于取水层的侧部,第一罩能够设置于盛水容器和取水层的上方以罩住盛水容器,取水层包括顺序设置的光谱选择性层和能够使得水通过的多孔隔热层,多孔隔热层的材料为红外透射材料,以在夜间通过多孔隔热层透过红外辐射进行辐射制冷,光谱选择性层能够吸收太阳辐射以在白天加热取水层抽吸的水。(The invention discloses a portable device capable of obtaining fresh water in all weather and a working method thereof, which solve the problem that water can not be taken in all weather in the prior art, have the beneficial effect of effectively obtaining fresh water in both daytime and night, and have the following specific scheme: the utility model provides a portable device that can be used to obtain fresh water in all weather, including first cover and water intaking layer, water containing container can place in the lateral part of getting the water layer, first cover can set up in water containing container and the top of getting the water layer in order to cover water containing container, the water intaking layer is including the spectrum selective layer that sets up in order and the porous insulating layer that can make water pass through, the material of porous insulating layer is infrared transmission material, in order to see through infrared radiation through the porous insulating layer at night and carry out radiation refrigeration, the spectrum selective layer can absorb solar radiation in order to heat the water of water intaking layer suction daytime.)

1. The utility model provides a portable device that can be used to obtain fresh water in all weather, a serial communication port, including first cover and water intaking layer, water container can place in the lateral part of water intaking layer, first cover can set up in water container and the top of water intaking layer in order to cover water container, the water intaking layer is including the spectrum selective layer that sets up in proper order and the porous insulating layer that can make water pass through, the material of porous insulating layer is infrared transmission material to pass through the porous insulating layer at night and see through infrared radiation and carry out the radiation refrigeration, the spectrum selective layer can absorb solar radiation in order to heat the water that the water intaking layer was sucked daytime.

2. The portable device of claim 1, wherein said spectrally selective layer comprises a matrix incorporating particles capable of absorbing solar radiation and particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or particles of mid-infrared light;

the material of the matrix is one or more of thermoplastic polyester, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate.

3. The portable all-weather fresh water obtaining device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water taking layer further includes a super-hydrophilic layer, and the super-hydrophilic layer and the spectral selective layer are respectively disposed on two sides of the porous heat insulating layer.

4. The portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather according to claim 2, wherein the material of the particles capable of absorbing solar radiation is plasma metal nano-rods or carbon and composite particles thereof;

the material of the particles capable of absorbing solar radiation is gold, silver, copper and other ionic metal nanorods or carbon nanotubes.

5. The portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather according to claim 2, wherein the material of the particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or the particles of mid infrared light is polymer spheres;

the polymer ball is made of one or more of thermoplastic polyester, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate and conductive glass.

6. The portable all-weather fresh water obtaining device according to claim 1, wherein the first cover is an infrared transparent cover and is coated with a spectrally selective coating;

the both sides at the top of first cover have the inclined plane, flourishing water receptacle can place in the below at first cover top, and first cover when establishing in flourishing water receptacle top between the two interval distance setting.

7. The portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather according to claim 3, wherein the material of the super hydrophilic layer is hydrophilic material, and the material of the super hydrophilic layer is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and polyacrylamide.

8. The portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather according to claim 1, further comprising a support frame, wherein the bottom end of the support frame can be fixed to the bottom of the water area, and the top end of the support frame can be arranged below the water taking layer to support the water taking layer.

9. Method of operation of a portable device for obtaining fresh water for all weather according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that it comprises the following:

during the daytime, the water taking layer floats on the surface of the water area, the surface of the spectrum selective layer faces upwards to absorb solar heat, the water taking layer is in contact with the water surface to pump water into the spectrum selective layer to be heated into steam, then the steam is cooled on the inner side surface of the first cover to form water, and the water taking layer slides down under the action of gravity and is collected by the water container.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the apparatus is further characterized by the following:

at night, the water taking layer is reversely arranged, the spectrum selective layer is arranged below the water taking layer, the water taking layer is inclined at a set angle, and the water container is arranged below the water taking layer;

the spectrum selective coating carries out radiation heat exchange outwards, and infrared radiation passes through the porous heat-insulating layer and the water taking layer and carries out radiation heat exchange outwards through the atmospheric window; meanwhile, the porous heat insulation layer can reduce the parasitic heat gain and the heat loss in the radiation refrigeration process, and the temperature of the air below the spectrum selective coating is reduced through the radiation refrigeration, so that the air is condensed into water drops on the spectrum selective coating and finally slides down to be collected by the water container.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of water taking devices, in particular to a portable device capable of obtaining fresh water in all weather and a working method.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

Water resources are the first condition for maintaining the earth ecological environment and human sustainable development. However, with the increase of global population and the increasing severity of water pollution, the problem of water shortage is becoming one of the major crises facing human society. In the total water storage capacity of the world, the seawater accounts for about 97%, the fresh water storage capacity is 3%, and the fresh water which can be directly drunk by human accounts for only 0.3%. Because of the huge reserves of seawater, many people propose to 'supply water to the ocean', namely, to obtain fresh water by a seawater desalination method. However, in inland regions far away from the ocean, people cannot supply water to the ocean, but the inland regions are distributed with a plurality of water resources such as rivers, lakes and the like, and like a seawater desalination technology, water in rivers and lakes can be evaporated and condensed to obtain fresh water. Therefore, the distillation condensation method becomes one of the important ways for obtaining fresh water.

In semiarid, arid and even desert regions with scarce water resources, an effective way to obtain fresh water is to supply water to the air. It has been reported that the air contains about 13000 trillion liters of atmospheric water, so obtaining fresh water from the atmosphere is another important way to solve the crisis of fresh water resources, but there is no related device for obtaining fresh water to the atmosphere all day long in the prior art.

A common method for desalinating and purifying water resources is to utilize the collected solar energy to generate heat energy in the daytime, further distill the water, and then condense to obtain fresh water. The inventor finds that the limitation of obtaining fresh water by solar distillation is that the fresh water can only be obtained in daytime and under the condition of good solar radiation, water cannot be taken at night, all-weather water taking is important for some areas, more fresh water can be obtained in the same day, and all-weather water taking cannot be realized by the existing device.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather, which can be used in places where fresh water is difficult to obtain, such as sea, field and the like, does not need energy input and can obtain fresh water all day long.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a portable device that can be used to obtain fresh water in all weather, including first cover and water intaking layer, water containing container can place in the lateral part of getting the water layer, first cover can set up in water containing container and the top of getting the water layer in order to cover water containing container, the water intaking layer is including the spectrum selective layer that sets up in order and the porous insulating layer that can make water pass through, the material of porous insulating layer is infrared transmission material, in order to see through infrared radiation through the porous insulating layer at night and carry out radiation refrigeration, the spectrum selective layer can absorb solar radiation in order to heat the water of water intaking layer suction daytime.

In the device, when water is taken in daytime, the first cover is arranged above the water taking layer and the water container, and the first cover can pre-cool and cool the water heated by the spectrum selective layer into water so as to be collected; when getting water at night, first cover is taken away, and gets the reverse setting of water layer, and porous insulating layer's material is infrared transmission material to pass through porous insulating layer transmission infrared radiation at night and carry out the radiation refrigeration, realize catchmenting at night.

A portable device for obtaining fresh water for all weather use as described above, said spectrally selective layer comprising a matrix incorporating particles capable of absorbing solar radiation and particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or particles of mid-infrared light, the particles capable of absorbing solar radiation being adapted to absorb solar radiation during the day, thereby heating the water pumped into the aquifer; in order to further improve the efficiency of water taking at night, the particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or the particles capable of absorbing mid infrared light can radiate heat to the outer space at night to exchange heat so as to reduce the surface temperature of the material, and when water vapor in the air contacts with a plane with the temperature lower than the dew point, the water vapor meets condensation and is condensed, so that fresh water is obtained.

The material of the matrix is one or more of thermoplastic polyester, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate.

The portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather can be used, the water taking layer further comprises super-hydrophilic layers, the super-hydrophilic layers and the spectrum selective layers are respectively located on two sides of the porous heat insulation layer, and the arrangement of the super-hydrophilic layers guarantees the water collecting efficiency of the device from a water area in the daytime.

In order to fully absorb solar radiation, the material of the particles capable of absorbing solar radiation is plasma metal nano-rods or carbon and composite particles thereof.

Further, the material of the particles capable of absorbing solar radiation is gold, silver, copper, etc. metal nanorods, or Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs).

A portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather is characterized in that the particles with high emissivity in the infrared region are selected in consideration of the particles capable of absorbing infrared light, and the material of the particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or the particles capable of absorbing mid infrared light is polymer balls.

Further, the material of the polymer ball is one or more of thermoplastic polyester, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate and conductive glass.

According to the portable device capable of being used for obtaining fresh water in all weather, the first cover is the infrared transparent cover, the first cover is coated with the spectrum selective coating, the spectrum selective coating can guarantee absorption of solar radiation in daytime and emission of infrared radiation at night, the infrared transparent cover guarantees that the infrared radiation at night can penetrate through, and radiant heat exchange is carried out with outer space through the atmospheric window. Meanwhile, the infrared transparent cover is of a porous structure and has a large amount of air, the air has very low heat conductivity, the heat exchange between the surrounding environment and the first cover can be isolated, the heat of radiation heat exchange is ensured not to be lost due to parasitic heat gain, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved;

the both sides at the top of first cover have the inclined plane, water container can place in the below at first cover top, and first cover interval distance setting between the two when locating water container top, and first cover top both sides have the inclined plane, the whereabouts under the action of gravity of the water of being convenient for to water container catchments easily.

The portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather is characterized in that the super-hydrophilic layer is made of hydrophilic materials, and the super-hydrophilic layer is made of one or more of polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and polyacrylamide.

As above-mentioned a portable device that can be used to obtain fresh water in all weather still includes the support, and the bottom of support can go deep into to the regional bottom surface of water and fix, and the top of support can be located the below of getting the water layer and support the water layer of getting, through the setting of support, can guarantee the slope setting of getting the water layer at night, and also can guarantee to get the water layer and stably locate the regional surface of water with first cover daytime under the special circumstances.

In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a working method of a portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather, including the following steps:

during the daytime, the water taking layer floats on the surface of the water area, the surface of the spectrum selective layer faces upwards to absorb solar heat, the water taking layer is in contact with the water surface to pump water into the spectrum selective layer to be heated into steam, then the steam is cooled on the inner side surface of the first cover to form water, and the water taking layer slides down under the action of gravity and is collected by the water container.

The working method of the portable device for obtaining fresh water all weather comprises the following steps:

at night, the water taking layer is reversely arranged, the spectrum selective layer is arranged below the water taking layer, the water taking layer is inclined at a set angle, and the water container is arranged below the water taking layer;

the spectrum selective coating carries out radiation heat exchange outwards, and infrared radiation passes through the porous heat-insulating layer and the water taking layer and carries out radiation heat exchange outwards through the atmospheric window; meanwhile, the porous heat insulation layer can reduce the parasitic heat gain and the heat loss in the radiation refrigeration process, and the temperature of the air below the spectrum selective coating is reduced through the radiation refrigeration, so that the air is condensed into water drops on the spectrum selective coating and finally slides down to be collected by the water container.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1) according to the invention, the porous heat insulation layer is made of the infrared transmission material, so that the purpose of getting water at night can be achieved by utilizing infrared radiation refrigeration, and the purpose of getting water at night is realized; porous insulating layer reduces the heat loss and improves evaporation efficiency, and on daytime, the spectrum selective layer can absorb solar radiation in order to heat the water of water intaking layer suction on daytime, and water meets first cover after being heated and can cool off to by flourishing water container collection, realize the water intaking on daytime, whole device can realize all-weather water intaking, and the water intaking time has obtained effective assurance.

2) The spectrum selective layer is provided with the particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or the particles capable of absorbing mid infrared light, the particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or the particles capable of absorbing mid infrared light radiate and exchange heat to the outer space at night to reduce the surface temperature of the material, when water vapor in the air contacts with a plane with the temperature lower than the dew point, the water vapor meets condensation, and the spectrum selective layer and the porous heat insulation layer are matched with each other to fully ensure the efficiency of water collection at night.

3) The porous heat insulation layer can reduce the parasitic heat gain and the heat loss in the radiation refrigeration process, and the temperature of the air below the spectrum selective coating is reduced through the radiation refrigeration, so that the air is condensed into water drops on the spectrum selective coating and finally slides down to be collected by the water container.

4) According to the invention, the super-hydrophilic layer is arranged in the water taking layer, so that water can be quickly absorbed through the capillary force when water is taken in the daytime, and the efficiency of obtaining fresh water in the daytime is improved.

5) The water taking layer is provided with a multilayer structure, and can realize water suction from a water area in the daytime and then is conveyed to the spectrum selective layer for heating; the water taking layer can be inverted at night, the spectrum selective layer is arranged below the super-hydrophilic layer, and the spectrum selective layer and the porous heat insulation layer are arranged below the super-hydrophilic layer, so that the aim of taking water at night can be fulfilled by utilizing infrared radiation for refrigeration.

6) The device has simple integral structure, is light and convenient, has wide application scenes, can carry out desalination treatment only by the sun and water sources in the daytime, can be seawater or lake water and the like, and can obtain fresh water from the air when being erected in open space at night.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a portable, all-weather freshwater plant of the present invention according to one or more embodiments, when it takes water during the day.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portable device for obtaining fresh water for all weather periods according to one or more embodiments of the present invention during nighttime water intake.

In the figure: the spacing or dimensions between each other are exaggerated to show the location of the various parts, and the schematic is shown only schematically.

Wherein: 1. the solar water heater comprises a transparent cover, 2 parts of a spectrum selective layer, 3 parts of a porous heat insulation layer, 4 parts of a super hydrophilic layer, 5 parts of particles with high solar radiation absorptivity, 6 parts of particles with high infrared region absorptivity, 7 parts of seawater or lake water, 8 parts of an inclined plane, 9 parts of a bracket and 10 parts of a water container.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;

as the introduction of the background art, the problem that the prior art can not obtain fresh water all the day is solved, and in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a portable device which can be used for obtaining fresh water all the day and a working method thereof.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a portable device for obtaining fresh water in all weather comprises a first cover, a water intake layer for taking water from a water area, a water container disposed on one side of the water intake layer, the first cover being a transparent cover or a semitransparent cover, and the first cover 1 can be disposed above the water container 10 and the water intake layer.

Wherein, water container 10 is the activity setting for getting the water layer, and water container accessible gets the water layer and carries out effective support, also can place below getting the water layer and float on the surface in water region.

The transverse section of the water container can be rectangular or cylindrical, and is not limited by force.

Further, the water taking layer comprises a plurality of layers of water taking structures, in the embodiment, the water taking layer specifically comprises an ultra-light water layer 4, a porous heat insulation layer 3 and a spectrum selective layer 2, the ultra-light water layer 4, the porous heat insulation layer 3 and the spectrum selective layer 2 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and when the water taking layer takes water in the daytime, seawater or lake water or other water in a water area sequentially flows through the ultra-light water layer 4, the porous heat insulation layer 3 and the spectrum selective layer 2.

When the device is used for desalting seawater in the daytime, the water taking layer floats on the surface of the water area, the super-hydrophilic layer 4 is in contact with the water surface, and the spectrum selective layer is arranged above the super-hydrophilic layer; when the device is used for radiating water taking at night, the water taking layer is inverted and is obliquely placed, the side surface of the super hydrophilic layer 4 faces to the 'atmospheric window', the spectrum selective layer is arranged below, the water taking layer is fixed through the support, and the water container 10 is positioned below the water taking layer.

In this embodiment, the water container 10 is placed below the first cover 1, the water container and the inner side surface of the first cover 1 are arranged at a distance, the two sides of the top of the first cover 1 are provided with inclined surfaces 8 so as to collect fresh water, in some examples, the water container is placed below the top of the first cover 1, the longitudinal section of the first cover 1 can be triangular, the first cover can be specifically triangular prism, one side surface of the first cover 1 is arranged in a hollow manner, the hollow side surface of the first cover 1 is matched with the size of the water taking layer, in some examples, the width and length of the hollow side surface of the first cover 1 are the same as those of the water taking layer, or the width and length of the water taking layer are slightly larger than those of the hollow side surface of the first cover, and the first cover 1 is supported by the water taking layer.

In addition, the first cover is a transparent flexible glass cover, the light transmittance of the first cover is more than or equal to 95%, and the first cover can be made of one or more of PVC, PP, PE and silica gel films.

In addition, the device also comprises a bracket 9, the water taking layer can be supported by the bracket 9, the bracket 9 can be specifically a support rod, the number of the support rods can be one or more, the bottom ends of the support rods can be extended into the bottom surface of the water taking region for fixing, the top ends of the support rods can be arranged below the water taking layer for effectively supporting the water taking layer, and the water taking layer, the water containing container and the first cover are supported by the bracket in the daytime; at night, the water taking layer can be reversely and obliquely arranged through the support.

Of course, in consideration of the buoyancy generated by the water to the device, the bracket may not be provided in the daytime.

When the water container is placed above the water taking layer, the water taking layer can stably support the water container because the bottom area of the water container is smaller than the surface area of the water taking layer, and the water container does not need to be fixedly connected with the water taking layer.

The porous heat insulation layer 3 is made of porous polymer materials, and the polymer materials can enable the heat insulation layer to have the characteristics of high porosity, low density, low heat conductivity and the like, so that the purpose of heat insulation and heat transfer is achieved. The porous heat insulating layer is made of infrared transmission material with infrared transmittance of over 80% and can radiate and refrigerate through infrared radiation to lower the temperature of the object to be cooled.

It should be explained that the infrared transmitting material refers to a material having a high transmittance in the 8-13 μm wavelength band in the air.

Further, the material of the porous heat insulation layer 3 is a semiconductor materialThe material and/or organic material, in this embodiment, the material of the porous heat-insulating layer is zinc sulfide ZnS, barium fluoride BaF₂One or more of semiconductor materials and organic materials such as Polyethylene (PE), Phenylethylamine (PEA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the like, wherein the particle radius of the semiconductor materials and the organic materials is 25-100nm, the coating thickness is 2.5-5mm, and the volume fraction is 0.01-0.1.

It will be appreciated that the super-hydrophilic layer 4 has a given thickness, the thickness of the super-hydrophilic layer is less than the thickness of the porous thermal insulating layer, the thickness of the porous thermal insulating layer is greater than the thickness of the spectrally selective layer, and in some examples, the ultra-light water layer 4, the porous thermal insulating layer 3 and the spectrally selective layer 2 are attached by bolts or adhesive.

Furthermore, the super-hydrophilic layer 4 is made of transparent or semitransparent hydrophilic materials, specifically, one or more of hydrophilic materials such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and polyacrylamide are used, the hydrophilic materials have high affinity to water and can attract water molecules, the water can be spread on the surface of the hydrophilic materials and can be automatically absorbed into the hydrophilic materials through capillary action, and the water flows through the through holes of the porous heat insulation layer 3.

Further, the spectrum selective layer 2 comprises a matrix, the material of the matrix is transparent or semitransparent material, specifically one or more of thermoplastic polyester PET, polydimethylsiloxane PDMS, polymethyl methacrylate PMMA, polycarbonate PC and other organic materials can be selected, particles capable of absorbing solar radiation and particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or particles capable of absorbing mid-infrared light are doped in the matrix, the absorptivity of the spectrum selective layer to solar radiation is larger than or equal to 90%, and the emissivity to infrared light is larger than or equal to 90%.

The material 5 with high solar radiation absorptivity is selected from particles capable of absorbing solar radiation, and the material 5 with high solar radiation absorptivity is a metal nanorod of ions such as Au, Ag and Cu, carbon such as a Carbon Nanotube (CNT) and composite particles thereof.

In addition, the particles capable of absorbing near infrared light or mid-infrared light are selected from particles 6 having high emissivity in the near infrared region, and in some examples, the particles 6 having high emissivity in the near infrared region are polymer spheres such as (conductive glass) ito, and the particle diameter thereof is 8 TO 10 μm.

Further, the material of the polymer ball is one or more of thermoplastic polyester, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate and conductive glass.

The purpose of getting water at night can be achieved by utilizing infrared radiation refrigeration, the surface temperature of the material is reduced by radiating heat exchange to the outer space by using the material with high emissivity in the middle infrared region, and when water vapor in the air contacts with a plane with the temperature lower than the dew point, the water vapor meets condensation, so that fresh water is obtained;

specifically, the material with high absorptivity in the middle infrared region is one or more of organic materials such as PET, PDMS, PMMA, PC and the like.

In order to realize obtaining fresh water all weather and weaken the influence of weather factors, the solar energy distillation water intaking and the infrared radiation cooling water intaking are combined, namely: fresh water is obtained by distilling seawater and the like by solar radiation in the daytime, and fresh water is obtained from air by radiation refrigeration at night. The device that this embodiment provided can realize the good absorption of solar radiation daytime, and the higher infrared emissivity of material can realize radiation cooling and reduce surface temperature night, just can realize all-weather passive form water intaking through the turnover of positive and negative. Meanwhile, the characteristics of light porous structure and good heat insulation are considered, and the porous material is applied to the invention to reduce the overall mass of the device and achieve the purpose of convenient carrying. The device not only can realize daily water intaking, can also regard as the emergent equipment of field survival.

A use method of a portable all-weather passive outdoor water taking device comprises the following steps:

when the device is used for obtaining fresh water in the daytime, the device comprises the following contents:

taking a water layer to float on the surface of seawater or lake water, enabling the surface of the spectrum selective layer 2 to face upwards to absorb solar heat, enabling the super-hydrophilic layer 4 to be in contact with the water surface, pumping the seawater or lake water 7 into the spectrum selective layer 2 through capillary force, heating the seawater or lake water to form steam, cooling the steam on the inner side surface of the first cover to form water, and sliding down under the action of gravity to be collected by a water container;

when the device is used for radiating water to get water at night, the following contents are included:

removing the first cover;

the water taking layer floats on the surface of seawater or lake water, the water taking layer is supported and obliquely arranged through a bracket 12, the water container is arranged below the water taking layer and is fixed, and the surface of the spectrum selective layer 2 is arranged below;

the porous heat-insulating layer 3 and the super-hydrophilic layer 4 are used for carrying out radiation heat exchange outwards, the surface temperature is reduced, water is condensed on the lower surface of the spectrum selective layer 2, and finally the water slides down and is collected; meanwhile, the porous heat insulation layer 3 blocks the gain of external parasitic heat, so that the spectrum selective layer 2 can reach lower temperature, and the effect is better.

Of course, the lake water may be river water, or brook, etc., and the whole device is applied to still water, for example, for seawater or flowing lake water, the seawater or lake water, etc. may be placed in a larger container, and the device in this embodiment is placed in the larger container, so as to avoid the water flowing to cause movement influence on the water container.

Furthermore, by evaporating the seawater, the salt dissolved in the seawater is not discharged together with the steam, and thus fresh water is obtained.

It should be explained that, no matter what temperature, the liquid can be vaporized, and some molecules in the liquid with high speed can fly out of the liquid surface to become vapor molecules, so that the liquid can be vaporized at any temperature. If the temperature of the liquid increases, the average kinetic energy of the molecules increases and the number of molecules flying out of the liquid surface increases, so that the higher the temperature of the liquid, the faster the evaporation.

During the day, when the water vapor content in the first cover reaches the saturation value at the ambient temperature, more water can be separated out from the air and condensed on the first cover.

At night, the temperature of the lower surface is reduced through radiation cooling, and the water vapor in the air is condensed into water when the temperature reaches below the dew point temperature.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.