阅读说明：本技术 一种基于激光诱导高压等离子体原理驱动小颗粒高速入水的实验系统 (Experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at high speed based on laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle ) 是由 王一伟 钟玉雪 王静竹 杜岩 王傲 王广航 王志英 于 2021-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于入水实验方法技术领域,针对现有技术中对于长度单位在毫米以及更小的弹体,由于尺寸和空气阻力的影响不能用上述方法高速入水的问题,本发明公开一种基于激光诱导高压等离子体原理驱动小颗粒高速入水的实验系统,包括激光发生器和贴有金属膜的玻璃片,通过激光发生器发出激光,激光聚焦在金属膜上,诱导金属膜产生高压等离子体,吸附金属膜上的颗粒以极高的速度撞击水面。本发明利用激光聚焦在铝膜上产生的高压等离子体导致的高温冲击,使颗粒克服空气阻力,实现了所述小颗粒的高速入水。(The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater experiment methods, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, for an elastomer with the length unit of millimeter and smaller, the elastomer cannot enter water at a high speed by using the method due to the influence of the size and the air resistance. According to the invention, high-temperature impact caused by high-pressure plasma generated on the aluminum film by focusing laser is utilized to enable particles to overcome air resistance, so that high-speed water entry of the small particles is realized.)

1. An experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at a high speed based on a laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle is characterized by comprising a laser generator and a glass sheet adhered with a metal film, wherein laser is emitted by the laser generator and is focused on the metal film to induce the metal film to generate high-pressure plasma, and particles adsorbed on the metal film impact the water surface at a very high speed.

2. The experimental system for driving the small particles to enter water at a high speed based on the laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle is characterized by comprising a horizontal table and an adjusting lifting mechanism arranged on the horizontal table, wherein the adjusting lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting table a, a lifting table b and a support, the top ends of the lifting table a, the lifting table b and the support are respectively provided with a laser emitter, a glass sheet pasted with a metal film and a concave mirror, and the laser emitter emits laser which is focused through the concave mirror and irradiates the glass sheet pasted with the metal film.

3. The experimental system for driving the small particles to enter water at high speed based on the laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the heights of the lifting table a and the lifting table b are adjusted to control the laser to focus on a point, on which the particles are adsorbed, in the center of the metal film, and the point on the metal film protrudes to eject the particles out to achieve high-speed water entering of the particles.

4. The experimental system for driving the small particles to enter water at a high speed based on the laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the supporting structure of the glass sheet pasted with the metal film is a hollow glass box, liquid is filled in the glass box, a detachable glass cover is arranged above the glass box, and the metal film is pasted on the glass cover.

5. The experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at a high speed based on the laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the glass cover is provided with two concentric circular holes, namely a large circular hole and a small circular hole, the metal film is attached to the center of the glass sheet, and the glass sheet on one side of the metal film is buckled on the large circular hole of the glass cover.

6. The experimental system for driving the small particles to enter water at a high speed based on the laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal film is an aluminum film, the laser is focused on the aluminum film, the aluminum film is subjected to high-pressure plasma to generate a high-temperature region, and the particles are ejected out.

7. The experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at a high speed based on the laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the laser emitter is mounted on the lifting platform a through a horizontal adjuster, and the horizontal adjustment of the laser emitter is performed through the horizontal adjuster to emit laser.

8. The experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at high speed based on the laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the concave mirror is a 45 ° concave mirror, and the laser is focused by the concave mirror and turns downwards to 90 ° to vertically irradiate the glass sheet stuck with the metal film.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water entry experiment methods, and particularly relates to an experiment system for driving small particles to enter water at a high speed based on a laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle.

Background

The penetration of projectiles into water has been studied for over a century. The research of the missile body entering water can optimize the water entering modes of missiles, spacecrafts, ships and the like so as to reduce impact load and avoid equipment failure. The specific research on the open cavity of the projectile body entering water can analyze the development of the cavity, so that the movement condition of the projectile body and the reason for the influence on the movement of the projectile body can be known. The research on the open vacuole of the projectile entering water can also reveal the movement mechanism of organisms on the water surface.

Since the water-entry experiment of large-sized projectiles is high in cost and difficult to realize, the water-entry experiment is generally carried out by using small projectiles with similar shape characteristics to research cavitation development and projectile motion. The most common method of entry is free fall of the projectile into the water, placing the projectile at different heights and releasing the projectile mechanically or by electromagnets, which enter the water vertically at different speeds. In order to make the projectile enter water at high speed, a high-speed air cylinder with air compressed by an air compressor as an air source can be used for accelerating the projectile; in order to enable the projectile body to enter water at different angles, the angle of the launching tube can be adjusted.

The above water-entering experimental method can only launch the projectile body with the length of centimeter or above, and for the projectile body with the length unit of millimeter or less, the high-speed water-entering can not be realized by the above method due to the influence of the size and the air resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to design an experimental approach for entering water, which can make millimeter-sized particles enter water at high speed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the projectile with the length unit of millimeter and smaller cannot enter water at high speed by the method due to the influence of size and air resistance in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at high speed based on the principle of laser-induced high-pressure plasma.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at a high speed based on a laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle comprises a laser generator and a glass sheet attached with a metal film, wherein laser is emitted by the laser generator and focused on the metal film to induce the metal film to generate high-pressure plasma, and particles adsorbed on the metal film impact the water surface at a very high speed.

Furthermore, the device comprises a horizontal table and an adjusting lifting mechanism arranged on the horizontal table, wherein the adjusting lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting table a, a lifting table b and a support, the top ends of the lifting table a, the lifting table b and the support are respectively provided with a laser emitter, a glass sheet adhered with a metal film and a concave mirror, and the laser emitter emits laser which is focused by the concave mirror to irradiate the glass sheet adhered with the metal film.

Furthermore, by adjusting the heights of the lifting platform a and the lifting platform b, the laser is controlled to be focused on a point of the metal film, which is absorbed with particles, and the point on the metal film protrudes to eject the particles out, so that the particles enter water at a high speed.

Furthermore, the supporting structure of the glass sheet pasted with the metal film is a hollow glass box, liquid is filled in the glass box, a detachable glass cover is arranged above the glass box, and the metal film is pasted on the glass cover.

Furthermore, two concentric round holes, namely a large round hole and a small round hole, are formed in the glass cover, the metal film is attached to the center of the glass sheet, and the glass sheet on one side of the metal film is buckled on the large round hole of the glass cover.

The round glass slide on one side of the metal film is buckled on the big round hole of the glass cover

Furthermore, the metal film is set as an aluminum film, laser is focused on the aluminum film, the aluminum film is subjected to high-pressure plasma transformation, a high-temperature area is generated, and particles are ejected out.

Furthermore, the laser emitter is installed on the lifting platform a through a horizontal adjuster, and the horizontal adjuster is used for adjusting the laser emitter to horizontally emit laser.

Further, the concave mirror is set to be a 45-degree concave mirror, the laser is focused by the concave mirror and turns downwards to 90 degrees, the laser vertically irradiates on the glass sheet pasted with the metal film, vapor of the metal film is sprayed downwards from the metal film at an extremely high speed, and particles adsorbed on the metal film are also impacted out, and the particles impact the water surface at an extremely high speed.

The principle adopted by the invention is as follows: laser is focused on the aluminum film to form a high-temperature area, so that the material of the aluminum film is instantly vaporized and evaporated or transferred to a plasma state, the air temperature is increased, meanwhile, due to the thermal shock effect of laser pulse, the vapor of the material is downwards sprayed out of the aluminum film at a high speed, the aluminum film is protruded, particles adsorbed on the aluminum film are impacted out, and the particles impact the water surface at a high speed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, high-temperature impact caused by high-pressure plasma generated on the aluminum film by focusing laser is utilized to enable particles to overcome air resistance, so that high-speed water entry of the small particles is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for driving small particles to enter water at a high speed based on laser-induced high-pressure plasma.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a specific glass cover structure according to the present invention.

Wherein, 1, a laser emitter; 2. a level adjuster; 3. a lifting platform a; 4. a 45 ° concave mirror; 5. a glass cover; 6. a glass box; 7. a lifting platform b; 8. a support; 9. a horizontal table; 10. a large circular hole; 11. a small round hole.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

example 1

As shown in figure 1, an experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at a high speed based on a laser-induced high-pressure plasma principle comprises a laser generator and a glass sheet attached with a metal film, laser is emitted by the laser generator, the laser is focused on the metal film, and the induced metal film generates high-pressure plasma to cause the temperature to rise.

Example 2

On the basis of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, another embodiment of the present invention is an experimental system for driving small particles to enter water at a high speed based on the principle of laser-induced high-pressure plasma, which comprises a horizontal table 9 and an adjusting lifting mechanism installed on the horizontal table 9, wherein all the devices are installed on the basis of the horizontal table 9, and the experimental system comprises a laser emitter 1, a horizontal adjuster 2, a lifting table a3, a lifting table b7, a concave mirror, a support 8, a glass cover 5 and a K9 glass sheet, the adjusting lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting table a3, a lifting table b7 and a support 8, the laser emitter 1 is placed on the horizontal adjuster 2, the horizontal adjuster 2 is installed on the lifting table a3, and the laser emitter 1 is adjusted to emit laser horizontally by the horizontal adjuster 2; the top end of the lifting platform b7 is provided with a K9 glass sheet pasted with a metal film, the top end of the support 8 is provided with a concave mirror, and the laser emitter 1 emits laser which is focused by the concave mirror and irradiates the glass sheet pasted with the metal film.

By adjusting the heights of the lifting table a3 and the lifting table b7, laser is controlled to be focused on a point of the metal film, which is absorbed with particles, the point protrudes from the metal film, and the particles are ejected out to realize high-speed water entry of the particles.

In another embodiment of the present invention based on embodiments 1 and 2, the supporting structure of the glass sheet with the metal film is a hollow glass box 6, the glass box 6 is filled with liquid, a detachable glass cover 5 is arranged above the glass box 6, and the metal film is attached on the glass cover 5.

As shown in fig. 2, two concentric circular holes, namely a large circular hole 10 and a small circular hole 11, are cut on the glass cover 5, the diameter of the large circular hole 10 is larger than that of the small circular hole 11, that is, a large circular hole 10 with a diameter of 10mm and a height of 3mm and a small circular hole 11 with a diameter of 4 mm. An aluminum film with the diameter of 4mm is attached to the center of a K9 round glass sheet with the diameter of 10mm, the round glass sheet on one side of a metal film is buckled on a large round hole 10 of a glass cover 5, laser is focused on one point of the metal film center where particles are adsorbed by adjusting the height of a lifting platform below a glass box 6, the point on the aluminum film protrudes, and the particles are ejected out to realize high-speed water entry of the particles.

The concave mirror is set to be a 45-degree concave mirror 4, laser is focused by the concave mirror and turns downwards to 90 degrees and vertically irradiates on a glass sheet pasted with a metal film, a vapor of the metal film is downwards sprayed out from the metal film at a very high speed, particles adsorbed on the metal film are also impacted out, and the particles impact the water surface at a very high speed.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the metal film is an aluminum film, the laser is focused on the aluminum film, and the aluminum film is subjected to high-pressure plasmatization to generate a high-temperature region to eject particles.

The above description is not meant to be limiting, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions can be made without departing from the true scope of the invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as within the scope of the invention.