阅读说明：本技术 基于机动车尾气遥测系统的尾气测量方法及装置 (Tail gas measuring method and device based on motor vehicle tail gas remote measuring system ) 是由 姬红波 李自丽 郭晓鹤 王腾飞 于 2021-11-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种基于机动车尾气遥测系统的尾气测量方法及装置。该方法包括：获取测试光束穿过背景空间和尾气后测得的背景光强信号和目标光强信号；分别进行傅里叶变化,得到第一频域信号和第二频域信号；获取第一频域信号中心频率的峰的幅值以及相邻预设数量的峰的幅值、第二频域信号中心频率的峰的幅值以及相邻预设数量的峰的幅值,得到多个第一幅值和多个第二幅值；计算每个第一幅值的归一化结果与对应的第二幅值的归一化结果之间的差值,并计算差值的目标平方和；基于目标平方和值确定尾气中的待测类型气体的浓度。通过本申请,解决了相关技术中的尾气测量方法容易通过窗口片引入干涉干扰,且难以准确地确定尾气中的待测组分的含量的问题。(The application discloses a tail gas measuring method and device based on a motor vehicle tail gas remote measuring system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a background light intensity signal and a target light intensity signal which are measured after a test light beam passes through a background space and tail gas; respectively carrying out Fourier change to obtain a first frequency domain signal and a second frequency domain signal; acquiring the amplitude of the peak of the central frequency of the first frequency domain signal, the amplitudes of the peaks adjacent to the central frequency of the first frequency domain signal, the amplitudes of the peaks of the central frequency of the second frequency domain signal and the amplitudes of the peaks adjacent to the central frequency of the second frequency domain signal, and obtaining a plurality of first amplitudes and a plurality of second amplitudes; calculating the difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude, and calculating the target square sum of the difference; and determining the concentration of the gas to be detected in the tail gas based on the target square sum value. By the method and the device, the problems that interference is easily introduced through the window sheet and the content of the component to be measured in the tail gas is difficult to accurately determine in a tail gas measurement method in the related art are solved.)

1. An exhaust gas measurement method based on a motor vehicle exhaust remote measurement system is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring a background light intensity signal measured after a test light beam passes through a background space, and acquiring a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through tail gas;

carrying out Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal, and carrying out Fourier transformation on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal;

obtaining amplitudes of a first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtaining amplitudes of a second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal and amplitudes of the preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes;

calculating the difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the square sum of the differences to obtain a target square sum value;

and determining the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the tail gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and a calibration formula, wherein the calibration formula is used for representing the relationship among the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and the concentration of the type of gas to be detected.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said obtaining a background light intensity signal measured after said test beam has passed through a background space and obtaining a target light intensity signal measured after said test beam has passed through an exhaust, said method further comprises:

and adjusting a scanning area or a temperature control area of the driving current of the laser so that the wavelength scanning area of the test light beam emitted by the laser contains an absorption peak of the type of gas to be tested, wherein the driving current is a current signal obtained by superposing a sawtooth wave scanning current signal on a high-frequency sine wave signal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating a difference between the normalized result of each of the first amplitude values and the normalized result of the corresponding second amplitude value to obtain a plurality of differences comprises:

based on the proportional relation between the amplitude of the first central frequency peak and the amplitudes of the plurality of first amplitudes except the amplitude of the first central frequency peak, carrying out normalization processing on the plurality of first amplitudes to obtain a plurality of normalized first amplitudes;

based on the proportional relation between the amplitude of the second central frequency peak and the amplitude of the plurality of second amplitudes except the amplitude of the second central frequency peak, carrying out normalization processing on the plurality of second amplitudes to obtain a plurality of normalized second amplitudes;

and calculating the difference between each normalized first amplitude and the corresponding normalized second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas based on the target sum of squares value, a calibration coefficient for the concentration of the type of gas to be measured, and a calibration formula comprises:

determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas by:

y=aC ² +bC+k

wherein the content of the first and second substances,yfor the purpose of the target sum-of-squares value,a、b、kthe concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured is determined,Cis the concentration of the type of gas to be measured.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein before determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas based on the target sum of squares value, a concentration calibration coefficient for the type of gas to be measured, and a calibration formula, the method further comprises:

acquiring a first light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a first space, and acquiring a second light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a second space, wherein the first space is a space where the standard gas of the type of gas to be detected does not exist, and the second space is a space where the standard gas of the type of gas to be detected exists;

carrying out Fourier change on the first light intensity signal to obtain a third frequency domain signal, and carrying out Fourier change on the second light intensity signal to obtain a fourth frequency domain signal;

obtaining amplitudes of a third central frequency peak in the third frequency domain signal and amplitudes of the preset number of peaks adjacent to the third central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of third amplitudes, and obtaining amplitudes of a fourth central frequency peak in the fourth frequency domain signal and amplitudes of the preset number of peaks adjacent to the fourth central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of fourth amplitudes;

calculating the difference between the normalization result of each third amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding fourth amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the square sum of the differences;

and determining a concentration calibration coefficient of the gas to be detected based on the concentration of the standard gas of the gas to be detected in the second space and the square sum.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the concentration calibration factor for the type of gas to be tested based on the concentration of the standard gas and the sum of squares for the type of gas to be tested in the second space comprises:

obtaining a plurality of square sums corresponding to the concentrations of the plurality of types of gas to be detected to obtain a two-dimensional array;

determining a plurality of coordinate values based on the two-dimensional array, and fitting a concentration calibration curve of the type of gas to be detected based on the coordinate values, wherein an expression corresponding to the concentration calibration curve is the calibration formula;

and determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected based on the concentration calibration curve.

7. An exhaust gas measuring device based on a motor vehicle exhaust telemetry system, comprising:

the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a background space and acquiring a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the tail gas;

the first conversion unit is used for carrying out Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal and carrying out Fourier transformation on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal;

a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain an amplitude of a first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtain an amplitude of a second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal and amplitudes of the preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes;

the first calculation unit is used for calculating the difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the square sum of the differences to obtain a target square sum value;

the first determination unit is used for determining the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the tail gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and a calibration formula, wherein the calibration formula is used for representing the relation among the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and the concentration of the type of gas to be detected.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising:

and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting a scanning interval or a temperature control interval of the driving current of the laser before the background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the background space and the target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the tail gas are obtained, so that the wavelength scanning interval of the test light beam emitted by the laser comprises an absorption peak of the type-to-be-detected gas, wherein the driving current is a current signal obtained after a sawtooth wave scanning current signal is superposed with a high-frequency sine wave signal.

9. A non-volatile storage medium, comprising a stored program, wherein the program when executed controls a device in which the non-volatile storage medium is located to perform the method of measuring exhaust gas based on an automotive exhaust gas telemetry system of any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. An electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer readable instructions, and the processor is used for executing the computer readable instructions, wherein the computer readable instructions are executed to execute the method for measuring the exhaust gas based on the vehicle exhaust telemetry system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of tail gas measurement, in particular to a tail gas measurement method and device based on a motor vehicle tail gas remote measurement system.

Background

In recent years, the remote measuring technology for the tail gas of the motor vehicle is widely applied, and various methods for measuring the tail gas by using a TDLAS full laser method are available.

In the related art, a method for measuring the exhaust gas by using a TDLAS (Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy) technique is to adopt a sawtooth wave with a frequency of superpositionVThe high-frequency sine wave debugging signal of o drives an LD (Laser Diode semiconductor Laser), and the modulated light beam is demodulated into 2 by a phase-locked amplification method after passing through gasVo signal and is based on 2VThe o signal intensity determines the concentration of the exhaust gas.

On the other hand, in most of the tail gas telemetering equipment on the market, for dust prevention and temperature control, a plurality of window pieces are installed at the light outlet and the light inlet of the equipment, and the window pieces can introduce interference fringes with different intensities and positions into laser beams, especially near infrared beams, and the light paths of the main case and the auxiliary case are readjusted after the measurement point position is selected each time, so that the position and the size of the interference fringes after dimming are difficult to ensure to be consistent, and along with the change of outdoor environment temperature and humidity, even if the main machine equipment and the auxiliary machine equipment are relatively fixed, the interference fringes are not fixed, namely, the interference phenomenon is difficult to eliminate, and the interference fringes are easy to submerge by 2V ₀Signals, causing the telemetry equipment to adopt 2VThe o-demodulation algorithm cannot complete normal measurements.

On the other hand, actually in tail gas telemetering measurement in-process, can get the gaseous absorption condition of rear of a vehicle of the light intensity change confirmation between the light intensity of the vehicle head before the process and the rear of a vehicle after the process, but when rear of a vehicle blast pipe has water smoke (low temperature condition) or has the condition of black cigarette, the rear of a vehicle is sheltered from by water smoke and black cigarette through back light intensity, can absorb water smoke or black cigarette's the discernment that is in the light of being in the light as tail gas easily to can't the content of specific component in the accurate measurement tail gas.

Aiming at the problems that interference is easily introduced through a window sheet and the content of a component to be measured in the tail gas is difficult to accurately determine in a tail gas measurement method in the related art, an effective solution is not provided in the industry at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a tail gas measuring method and device based on a motor vehicle tail gas remote measuring system, and aims to solve the problems that interference is easily introduced through a window sheet in the tail gas measuring method in the related technology, and the content of a component to be measured in the tail gas is difficult to accurately determine.

According to one aspect of the application, an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system is provided. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the background space, and acquiring a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the tail gas; carrying out Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal, and carrying out Fourier transformation on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal; obtaining amplitudes of a first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtaining amplitudes of a second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes; calculating the difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the sum of squares of the plurality of differences to obtain a target sum of squares value; and determining the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the tail gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and a calibration formula, wherein the calibration formula is used for representing the relation among the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and the concentration of the type of gas to be detected.

Optionally, before obtaining a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the background space and obtaining a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the exhaust gas, the method further comprises: and adjusting a scanning area or a temperature control area of the driving current of the laser so that the wavelength scanning area of the test light beam emitted by the laser comprises an absorption peak of the type to be tested, wherein the driving current is a current signal obtained by superposing a sawtooth wave scanning current signal on a high-frequency sine wave signal.

Optionally, calculating a difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude value and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude value, and obtaining a plurality of differences includes: normalizing the plurality of first amplitude values based on the proportional relationship between the amplitude value of the first central frequency peak and the amplitude values of the plurality of first amplitude values except the amplitude value of the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of normalized first amplitude values; normalizing the plurality of second amplitude values based on the proportional relationship between the amplitude value of the second central frequency peak and the amplitude values of the plurality of second amplitude values except the amplitude value of the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of normalized second amplitude values; and calculating the difference between each normalized first amplitude and the corresponding normalized second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences.

Optionally, determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured, and the calibration formula comprises: determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas by:y=aC ² +bC+ kwherein, in the step (A),yin order to be the target sum-of-squares value,a、b、kthe calibration coefficient is the concentration of the type of gas to be measured,Cis the concentration of the type of gas to be measured.

Optionally, before determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured, and the calibration formula, the method further comprises: acquiring a first light intensity signal measured after a test light beam passes through a first space, and acquiring a second light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a second space, wherein the first space is a space without standard gas of the type of gas to be measured, and the second space is a space with standard gas of the type of gas to be measured; carrying out Fourier transformation on the first light intensity signal to obtain a third frequency domain signal, and carrying out Fourier transformation on the second light intensity signal to obtain a fourth frequency domain signal; obtaining amplitudes of a third central frequency peak in the third frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the third central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of third amplitudes, and obtaining amplitudes of a fourth central frequency peak in the fourth frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the fourth central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of fourth amplitudes; calculating the difference between the normalization result of each third amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding fourth amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the square sum of the plurality of differences; and determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the gas to be measured based on the concentration and the square sum of the standard gas of the gas to be measured in the second space.

Optionally, determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured based on the concentration and the sum of squares of the standard gas of the type of gas to be measured in the second space comprises: obtaining a plurality of square sums corresponding to the concentrations of a plurality of types of gas to be detected to obtain a two-dimensional array; determining a plurality of coordinate values based on the two-dimensional array, and fitting a concentration calibration curve of the type of gas to be detected based on the coordinate values, wherein an expression corresponding to the concentration calibration curve is a calibration formula; and determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected based on the concentration calibration curve.

According to another aspect of the present application, an exhaust gas measurement device based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system is provided. The device includes: the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the background space and acquiring a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the tail gas; the first conversion unit is used for carrying out Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal and carrying out Fourier transformation on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal; a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain amplitudes of a first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtain amplitudes of a second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes; the first calculation unit is used for calculating the difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the square sum of the differences to obtain a target square sum value; the first determining unit is used for determining the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the tail gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and a calibration formula, wherein the calibration formula is used for representing the relation among the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and the concentration of the type of gas to be detected.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting a scanning area or a temperature control area of the driving current of the laser before acquiring a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the background space and acquiring a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the tail gas, so that the wavelength scanning area of the test light beam emitted by the laser comprises an absorption peak of the type-to-be-detected gas, wherein the driving current is a current signal obtained by superposing a sawtooth wave scanning current signal on a high-frequency sine wave signal.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a non-volatile storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, controls an apparatus in which the non-volatile storage medium is located to perform an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automotive exhaust gas telemetry system.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer readable instructions, and the processor is used for executing the computer readable instructions, wherein the computer readable instructions execute an exhaust gas measuring method based on an automobile exhaust remote measuring system.

Through the application, the following steps are adopted: acquiring a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the background space, and acquiring a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the tail gas; carrying out Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal, and carrying out Fourier transformation on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal; obtaining amplitudes of a first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtaining amplitudes of a second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes; calculating the difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the sum of squares of the plurality of differences to obtain a target sum of squares value; the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the tail gas is determined based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and a calibration formula, wherein the calibration formula is used for representing the relation among the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and the concentration of the type of gas to be detected, and the problems that interference is easily introduced through a window sheet and the content of the component to be detected in the tail gas is difficult to accurately determine in a tail gas measurement method in the related art are solved. The two frequency signals are obtained by carrying out Fourier change on the background light intensity signal and the target light intensity signal, and the content of the component to be detected in the tail gas is determined by the sum of squares of the difference values of the amplitudes of the central frequency peak and the adjacent peak in the two frequency domain signals, so that the effect of improving the accuracy of determining the content of the component to be detected in the tail gas is achieved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas measurement system in an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system provided according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic frequency spectrum diagram of a first frequency domain signal and a second frequency domain signal in an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system provided according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 5 is a light intensity signal diagram under different scenes in an exhaust gas measuring method based on an automobile exhaust remote measuring system provided according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the concentration of a signal to be measured in an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automobile exhaust remote measurement system according to an embodiment of the application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas measuring device based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system provided according to an embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

According to an embodiment of the application, an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system is provided.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an exhaust gas measurement method based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:

step S102, obtaining a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the background space, and obtaining a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the tail gas.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the test light beam is emitted by a tail gas remote measuring system, the tail gas remote measuring system is composed of a main chassis and an auxiliary chassis, the main chassis and the auxiliary chassis are respectively arranged on two sides of the lane, the main chassis emits the test light beam, which can be a laser light beam, and the light beam returns to a receiving unit of the main chassis after being reflected by the auxiliary chassis, and a black line in the figure represents the test light beam.

The direction of an arrow on a lane is the driving direction, when the head of a vehicle to be measured is about to reach a measuring beam, the tail gas remote measuring system collects a background light intensity signal S in a background space without tail gas₀When the tail gas smoke mass of the tail of the vehicle is diffused into the measuring beam after the vehicle passes through the tail gas remote measuring system, the tail gas remote measuring system collects a target light intensity signal S which is shielded by the tail gas smoke mass, so that the light intensity signal S is obtained according to the background light intensity signal S₀And calculating the concentration of the gas to be detected in the exhaust gas smoke mass of the detected vehicle according to the target light intensity signal S.

In order to enable the type of gas to be measured, optionally, in the exhaust gas measuring method based on the automobile exhaust remote measuring system provided in the embodiment of the present application, before obtaining a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a background space and obtaining a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the exhaust gas, the method further includes: and adjusting a scanning area or a temperature control area of the driving current of the laser so that the wavelength scanning area of the test light beam emitted by the laser comprises an absorption peak of the type to be tested, wherein the driving current is a current signal obtained by superposing a sawtooth wave scanning current signal on a high-frequency sine wave signal.

Specifically, the schematic diagram of the main cabinet of the exhaust telemetry system is shown in fig. 3, and the laser controller superimposes a high-frequency sine wave (modulation frequency isV ₀) Then obtaining a driving current, driving the LD laser by the driving current to generate a test beam, and adjusting a scanning area or a temperature control area of the driving current of the laser by the LD controller to enable the laser to work in a waveThe long scanning interval comprises an absorption peak of the selected type of gas to be detected, for example, the sawtooth wave scanning frequency can be 10-200 Hz, and the sine wave modulation frequency can be 5 kHz-50 kHz.

And step S104, carrying out Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal, and carrying out Fourier transformation on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal.

Specifically, the background light intensity signal S is respectively compared₀Performing fast Fourier transform on the target light intensity signal S to convert the light intensity signal into a signal in a frequency domain, as shown in FIG. 4, which is a background light intensity signal S₀And a frequency domain map of the target light intensity signal S after Fourier transform, wherein a peak with X-shaped identification is a first frequency domain signal (S)₀Of the frequency domain signal), wherein the peak with the shape identifier is the second frequency domain signal (S)₀Frequency domain signal).

Step S106, obtaining an amplitude of a first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtaining an amplitude of a second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the first frequency domain signal and the second frequency domain signal both have center frequenciesV ₀(14 kHz), i.e. the frequency of the high-frequency sine wave, obtaining the frequency in the first frequency domain signalV ₀Amplitude of the corresponding peak, and obtaining the frequency in the first frequency domain signalV ₀Obtaining a plurality of first amplitude values by using the amplitude values of the adjacent n peaks; obtaining the frequency of the second frequency domain signalV ₀Amplitude of the corresponding peak, and obtaining the frequency in the second frequency domain signalV ₀And obtaining a plurality of second amplitude values by the amplitude values of the adjacent n peaks.

Note that a high-frequency sine signal (frequency ofV ₀) By Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal S₀Extracting the amplitude of the peak near the center frequency from the target light intensity signal S variationThe method realizes the purposes of extracting high-frequency signals and filtering low-frequency signals, is suitable for measuring the concentration of the tail gas in an application scene with interference fringes, and avoids the problem that the concentration of the tail gas cannot be calculated and measured by a second harmonic demodulation method when the interference fringes are introduced into a light intensity signal by a window in a tail gas remote measuring system.

Step S108, calculating the difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the square sum of the plurality of differences to obtain a target square sum value.

Specifically, a center frequency peak is selectedV ₀And n peaks at the left and right sides of the filter, subtracting the amplitudes of the peaks at the corresponding positions on the horizontal axis, then squaring, and finally squaring the difference of 2n +1 pairs of peaks, wherein the arrangement is thatyN may be any integer, for example 10.

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,V ₀the sum of the squares of the peak height differences for the left n peaks is:n is rounded;

wherein the content of the first and second substances,V ₀the sum of the squares of the peak height differences for the right n peaks is:n is rounded;

the sum of the squares of the differences of the center frequency and its two end 2n +1 small peaks is:

。

optionally, in the method for measuring exhaust gas based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system according to the embodiment of the present application, calculating a difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude value and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude value, and obtaining a plurality of differences includes: normalizing the plurality of first amplitude values based on the proportional relationship between the amplitude value of the first central frequency peak and the amplitude values of the plurality of first amplitude values except the amplitude value of the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of normalized first amplitude values; normalizing the plurality of second amplitude values based on the proportional relationship between the amplitude value of the second central frequency peak and the amplitude values of the plurality of second amplitude values except the amplitude value of the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of normalized second amplitude values; and calculating the difference between each normalized first amplitude and the corresponding normalized second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences.

It should be noted that, in the tail gas remote measurement process, there is light blocking introduced by non-gas absorption such as tail gas water mist, black smoke, etc., which is erroneously determined as a gas absorption condition, in order to distinguish the non-absorption light blocking from actual gas absorption and simultaneously to prevent the concentration calculation of the measured gas from being interfered by light intensity change, in the embodiment of the present application, normalization processing is performed on a plurality of first amplitude values and a plurality of second amplitude values, respectively, so that the amplitude value of the first central frequency peak and the amplitude value of the second central frequency peak are both 1, if the light intensity changes, the absolute value of the amplitude values changes, and the influence of the light intensity change on the determination of the concentration of the measured gas is avoided after the amplitude value normalization, and meanwhile, the light intensity of the gas absorption and the amplitude value of the central frequency after fourier change are positively correlated, and the shielding light intensity of the non-gas absorption is absolute light intensity, amplitude normalization processing is performed, so as to avoid the non-gas absorption being determined as gas absorption, thus, the distinction between the occlusion signal and the absorption signal is realized.

Through the embodiment, the problem that the light intensity change introduced by non-gas absorption such as light blocking before and after gas measurement is misjudged as gas absorption is avoided, and the gas to be measured with the same concentration can be measured at different light intensities, so that a similar concentration result can be obtained.

In an alternative embodiment, the light intensity state I is first acquired without shielding and without standard gas/without gas₀(the 'no standard gas' refers to the scene of filling nitrogen in the absorption tank and no absorption; the 'no gas' refers to the environment without tail gas emission in front of the vehicle), and then the light intensity I without shielding the standard gas/with gas is measured respectively₀Light intensity I when there is shielding mark gas/gas₁And I₂(with standard gas means the scene of filling the standard gas into the absorption tank; with gas means the scene of exhausting tail gas at the tail of the vehicle in the actual test scene)Obtaining the light intensity signal diagram as shown in fig. 5, and processing the light intensity signal of fig. 5 by the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure to obtain CO₂The concentration value of (c).

As can be seen from the analysis of FIGS. 5 and 6, when the same concentration of standard gas/gas is measured, the light intensity of the measuring beam is shielded to different degrees, the consistency of the concentration of the obtained gas is verified, and even if the tail of the vehicle has light intensity change caused by non-absorption shielding, the CO obtained by calculation by the method of the embodiment is used₂The concentration value is not changed greatly, the method of the embodiment eliminates the light intensity change caused by the shielding of the non-absorbing type at the tail of the vehicle, and the concentration value of the actual gas absorption is accurately calculated. In addition, it should be noted that the method of the present embodiment is not only suitable for measuring CO in exhaust gas₂And the method is also suitable for calculating and measuring other gas components in the tail gas.

Step S1010, determining the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the tail gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and a calibration formula, wherein the calibration formula is used for representing the relationship among the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and the concentration of the type of gas to be detected.

Optionally, in the exhaust gas measurement method based on the remote measuring system for the exhaust gas of the motor vehicle, determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas based on the target sum of squares value, the calibration coefficient of the concentration of the type of gas to be measured, and the calibration formula includes: determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas by:y=aC ² +bC+kwherein, in the step (A),yin order to be the target sum-of-squares value,a、b、kthe calibration coefficient is the concentration of the type of gas to be measured,Cis the concentration of the type of gas to be measured.

Specifically, the calibration formula is determined in advance by a calibration method, and the concentration calibration coefficients of different types of gases to be measured are different, for example, the type of gas to be measured may be carbon dioxide, which may be CO, NO, hydrocarbon, etc., and the concentration calibration coefficients of the types of gases to be measured are different, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured is determined in advance, and the concentration calibration coefficient and the target sum of squares of the type of gas to be measured are brought into the calibration formula to determine the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas.

The calibration mode comprises the following specific steps: the space to be measured is first filled with nitrogen, and y0 (also called S) is measured₀) And then filling the measured gas with different concentrations, such as CO2, into the measured space to obtain and normalize the frequency peak of the frequency domain signal of the light beam passing through the nitrogen, and normalize the frequency peak of the frequency domain signal of the light beam passing through CO2, wherein the sum of the squares of the difference of the two groups of normalized amplitudes, y1, y2, y3, … … and yn correspond to the known standard gas concentrations of C1, C2, C3, … … and C n, and then fitting a second order equation to obtain the values of the calibration coefficients a, b and k in the calibration formula so as to obtain the calibration formula.

It should be noted that all measurement devices need to determine a calibration formula before measurement. During calibration, a plurality of square sums y and concentrations C are known to obtain a calibration coefficient; during measurement, the concentration C is obtained by knowing the square sum y and the calibration coefficient, namely, the algorithm for determining the calibration coefficient is the same as the algorithm for measuring the concentration of the gas to be measured.

According to the tail gas measuring method based on the motor vehicle tail gas remote measuring system, a background light intensity signal measured after a test light beam penetrates through a background space is obtained, and a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam penetrates through tail gas is obtained; carrying out Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal, and carrying out Fourier transformation on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal; obtaining amplitudes of a first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtaining amplitudes of a second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes; calculating the difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the sum of squares of the plurality of differences to obtain a target sum of squares value; the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the tail gas is determined based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and a calibration formula, wherein the calibration formula is used for representing the relation among the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and the concentration of the type of gas to be detected, and the problems that interference is easily introduced through a window sheet and the content of the component to be detected in the tail gas is difficult to accurately determine in a tail gas measurement method in the related art are solved. The two frequency signals are obtained by carrying out Fourier change on the background light intensity signal and the target light intensity signal, and the content of the component to be detected in the tail gas is determined by the sum of squares of the difference values of the amplitudes of the central frequency peak and the adjacent peak in the two frequency domain signals, so that the effect of improving the accuracy of determining the content of the component to be detected in the tail gas is achieved.

Optionally, in the method for measuring exhaust gas based on the vehicle exhaust gas telemetry system according to the embodiment of the present application, before determining the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas based on the target sum of squares, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured, and the calibration formula, the method further includes: acquiring a first light intensity signal measured after a test light beam passes through a first space, and acquiring a second light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a second space, wherein the first space is a space without standard gas of the type of gas to be measured, and the second space is a space with standard gas of the type of gas to be measured; carrying out Fourier transformation on the first light intensity signal to obtain a third frequency domain signal, and carrying out Fourier transformation on the second light intensity signal to obtain a fourth frequency domain signal; obtaining amplitudes of a third central frequency peak in the third frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the third central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of third amplitudes, and obtaining amplitudes of a fourth central frequency peak in the fourth frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the fourth central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of fourth amplitudes; calculating the difference between the normalization result of each third amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding fourth amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculating the square sum of the plurality of differences; and determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the gas to be measured based on the concentration and the square sum of the standard gas of the gas to be measured in the second space.

Specifically, the test light beam is a laser light beam, the laser light beam carries low-frequency sawtooth wave information and high-frequency sine wave information, the low-frequency sawtooth wave information and the high-frequency sine wave information respectively penetrate through a first space which is not filled with the type of gas to be tested and a second space which is filled with the type of gas to be tested, and two received light intensity signals I are respectively recorded₀And I_tIt should be noted that the sealed air chamber may be filled with the type of gas to be measured, or the open environment may be used to spray the type of gas to be measured.

Further, the acquired light intensity signals under two conditions are respectively subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain spectrums of two groups of light intensity signals, and the peak heights in the 2 frequency domain spectrums are respectively taken as the central frequencyV ₀Taking the peak height of the spectrum as a reference, normalizing, taking the data of 2n +1 small peaks at the center frequency and two ends of the center frequency in the spectrogram, and respectively calculating the square sum of the differences of the peak heights at the same position of the horizontal axis, for exampleV ₀The square of the difference in peak height is: [fs0(V0)- fs(V ₀ )]²And then determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the gas to be detected based on the square sum of the differences of the heights of the multiple peaks.

Optionally, in the exhaust gas measuring method based on the remote measuring system for the exhaust gas of the motor vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application, determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured based on the concentration and the sum of squares of the standard gas of the type of gas to be measured in the second space includes: obtaining a plurality of square sums corresponding to the concentrations of a plurality of types of gas to be detected to obtain a two-dimensional array; determining a plurality of coordinate values based on the two-dimensional array, and fitting a concentration calibration curve of the type of gas to be detected based on the coordinate values, wherein an expression corresponding to the concentration calibration curve is a calibration formula; and determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected based on the concentration calibration curve.

Specifically, ayAnd concentration ofCThe mathematical relationship of (c):y=aC ² +bC+kdetermining calibration coefficient by three groups of coordinate values on concentration calibration curvea，b，kAfter the value is obtained, a calibration formula containing the concentration calibration coefficient of the type gas to be measured can be obtained.

Further, the gas to be measured in the tail gas is determinedIs detected, the sum of the squares of the differences between the first amplitude and the corresponding second amplitude is summedyThe concentration of the type gas to be measured can be calculated by bringing in a calibration formula containing a concentration calibration coefficient of the type gas to be measuredC。

It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.

The embodiment of the application also provides an exhaust gas measuring device based on the motor vehicle exhaust remote measuring system, and it needs to be explained that the exhaust gas measuring device based on the motor vehicle exhaust remote measuring system can be used for executing the exhaust gas measuring method based on the motor vehicle exhaust remote measuring system provided by the embodiment of the application. The following describes an exhaust gas measuring device based on an automobile exhaust remote measuring system provided by the embodiment of the application.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas measurement device based on an automotive exhaust telemetry system according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes: a first acquisition unit 10, a first conversion unit 20, a second acquisition unit 30, a first calculation unit 40 and a first determination unit 50.

Specifically, the first obtaining unit 10 is configured to obtain a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a background space, and obtain a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the exhaust.

The first converting unit 20 is configured to perform fourier transform on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal, and perform fourier transform on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal.

The second obtaining unit 30 is configured to obtain amplitudes of a first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtain amplitudes of a second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes.

And the first calculating unit 40 is configured to calculate a difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculate a sum of squares of the plurality of differences to obtain a target sum of squares value.

The first determining unit 50 is configured to determine the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the exhaust gas based on the target sum of squares value, a concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected, and a calibration formula, where the calibration formula is used to represent a relationship between the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected, and the concentration of the type of gas to be detected.

According to the tail gas measuring device based on the motor vehicle tail gas remote measuring system, the first obtaining unit 10 is used for obtaining a background light intensity signal measured after a test light beam penetrates through a background space, and obtaining a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam penetrates through tail gas; the first conversion unit 20 performs fourier transform on the background light intensity signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal, and performs fourier transform on the target light intensity signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal; the second obtaining unit 30 obtains amplitudes of a first central frequency peak and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the first central frequency peak in the first frequency domain signal to obtain a plurality of first amplitudes, and obtains amplitudes of a second central frequency peak and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the second central frequency peak in the second frequency domain signal to obtain a plurality of second amplitudes; the first calculating unit 40 calculates a difference between the normalization result of each first amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences, and calculates a sum of squares of the plurality of differences to obtain a target sum of squares value; the first determination unit 50 determines the concentration of the type of gas to be measured in the exhaust gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured, and the calibration formula, wherein, the calibration formula is used for representing the relationship among the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be measured and the concentration of the type of gas to be measured, thereby solving the problems that the tail gas measurement method in the related technology is easy to introduce interference through a window sheet and is difficult to accurately determine the content of the component to be measured in the tail gas, two frequency signals are obtained by performing Fourier transformation on the background light intensity signal and the target light intensity signal, and the content of the component to be detected in the tail gas is determined through the sum of squares of the difference values of the central frequency peak and the amplitudes of the adjacent peaks in the two frequency domain signals, so that the effect of improving the accuracy of determining the content of the component to be detected in the tail gas is achieved.

Optionally, in the exhaust gas measuring device based on the vehicle exhaust telemetry system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the device further includes: and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting a scanning area or a temperature control area of the driving current of the laser before acquiring a background light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the background space and acquiring a target light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through the tail gas, so that the wavelength scanning area of the test light beam emitted by the laser comprises an absorption peak of the type-to-be-detected gas, wherein the driving current is a current signal obtained by superposing a sawtooth wave scanning current signal on a high-frequency sine wave signal.

Optionally, in the exhaust gas measuring device based on the remote measuring system for the exhaust gas of the motor vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first calculating unit 40 includes: the first processing module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the plurality of first amplitude values based on the proportional relation between the amplitude value of the first central frequency peak and the amplitude values except the amplitude value of the first central frequency peak in the plurality of first amplitude values to obtain a plurality of normalized first amplitude values; the second processing module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the plurality of second amplitude values based on the proportional relation between the amplitude value of the second central frequency peak and the amplitude values except the amplitude value of the second central frequency peak in the plurality of second amplitude values to obtain a plurality of normalized second amplitude values; and the calculating module is used for calculating the difference between each normalized first amplitude and the corresponding normalized second amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences.

Alternatively, in the exhaust gas measuring device based on the remote measuring system for the exhaust gas of the motor vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present application, the first determining unit 50 is configured to determine the concentration of the gas to be measured in the exhaust gas by the following formula:y=aC ² +bC+kwherein, in the step (A),yin order to be the target sum-of-squares value,a、b、kthe calibration coefficient is the concentration of the type of gas to be measured,Cis the concentration of the type of gas to be measured.

Optionally, in the exhaust gas measuring device based on the vehicle exhaust telemetry system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the device further includes: the third obtaining unit is used for obtaining a first light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a first space and obtaining a second light intensity signal measured after the test light beam passes through a second space before determining the concentration of the type of gas to be detected in the tail gas based on the target sum of squares value, the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected and the calibration formula, wherein the first space is a space without standard gas of the type of gas to be detected, and the second space is a space with standard gas of the type of gas to be detected; the second conversion unit is used for carrying out Fourier change on the first light intensity signal to obtain a third frequency domain signal and carrying out Fourier change on the second light intensity signal to obtain a fourth frequency domain signal; a fourth obtaining unit, configured to obtain amplitudes of a third center frequency peak in the third frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the third center frequency peak to obtain a plurality of third amplitudes, and obtain amplitudes of a fourth center frequency peak in the fourth frequency domain signal and amplitudes of a preset number of peaks adjacent to the fourth center frequency peak to obtain a plurality of fourth amplitudes; the second calculation unit is used for calculating the difference between the normalization result of each third amplitude and the normalization result of the corresponding fourth amplitude to obtain a plurality of differences and calculating the square sum of the differences; and the second determination unit is used for determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the gas to be measured based on the concentration and the square sum of the standard gas of the gas to be measured in the second space.

Optionally, in the exhaust gas measuring device based on the vehicle exhaust telemetry system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second determining unit includes: the acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of square sums corresponding to the concentrations of a plurality of types of gas to be detected to obtain a two-dimensional array; the first determining module is used for determining a plurality of coordinate values based on the two-dimensional array and fitting a concentration calibration curve of the type of gas to be detected based on the coordinate values, wherein an expression corresponding to the concentration calibration curve is a calibration formula; and the second determination module is used for determining the concentration calibration coefficient of the type of gas to be detected based on the concentration calibration curve.

The device for measuring the exhaust gas based on the remote measuring system of the motor vehicle exhaust gas comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the first acquiring unit 10, the first converting unit 20, the second acquiring unit 30, the first calculating unit 40, the first determining unit 50 and the like are stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.

The processor comprises a kernel, and the kernel calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more than one kernel can be set, and the problems that interference is easily introduced through a window sheet and the content of a component to be measured in the tail gas is difficult to accurately determine in a tail gas measuring method in the related technology are solved by adjusting kernel parameters.

The memory may include volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

The embodiment of the application also provides a nonvolatile storage medium which comprises a stored program, wherein the program controls the equipment where the nonvolatile storage medium is located to execute an exhaust gas measuring method based on the motor vehicle exhaust remote measuring system when running.

The embodiment of the application also provides an electronic device, which comprises a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer readable instructions, and the processor is used for executing the computer readable instructions, wherein the computer readable instructions execute an exhaust gas measuring method based on an automobile exhaust remote measuring system. The electronic device herein may be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.

It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.