阅读说明：本技术 一种基于反射面的超宽带多功能一体化载荷 (Ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on reflecting surface ) 是由 李立 李财品 段崇棣 雷红文 李渝 李锦伟 牛雪洁 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于反射面的超宽带多功能一体化载荷,包括：卫星本体、多功能馈源阵、天线反射面和电子侦察天线；其中,所述卫星本体包括射频通道和中央处理器；所述天线反射面包括主反射面和副反射面,其中,副反射面通过热敏智能展开铰链和撑杆固定于主反射面上；所述多功能馈源阵设置于所述天线反射面上；所述电子侦察天线由对数周期天线构成,部署在主反射面的边缘位置,呈“L”形排列；电子侦察天线和多功能馈源通过波导或者电缆与所述射频通道相连接,所述射频通道与所述中央处理器相连接。本发明解决了基于反射面的多功能一体化载荷问题。(The invention discloses an ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on a reflecting surface, which comprises the following components: the system comprises a satellite body, a multifunctional feed source array, an antenna reflecting surface and an electronic reconnaissance antenna; the satellite body comprises a radio frequency channel and a central processing unit; the antenna reflecting surface comprises a main reflecting surface and an auxiliary reflecting surface, wherein the auxiliary reflecting surface is fixed on the main reflecting surface through a thermosensitive intelligent unfolding hinge and a support rod; the multifunctional feed source array is arranged on the antenna reflecting surface; the electronic reconnaissance antenna is composed of log periodic antennas, is arranged at the edge position of the main reflecting surface and is arranged in an L shape; the electronic reconnaissance antenna and the multifunctional feed source are connected with the radio frequency channel through a waveguide or a cable, and the radio frequency channel is connected with the central processing unit. The invention solves the problem of multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface.)

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional integration load of ultra wide band based on plane of reflection which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a satellite body (1), a multifunctional feed source array (2), an antenna reflecting surface (3) and an electronic reconnaissance antenna (4); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the satellite body (1) comprises a radio frequency channel and a central processing unit;

the antenna reflecting surface (3) comprises a main reflecting surface (31) and an auxiliary reflecting surface (32), wherein the auxiliary reflecting surface (32) is fixed on the main reflecting surface (31) through a thermosensitive intelligent unfolding hinge and a support rod;

the multifunctional feed source array (2) is arranged on the antenna reflecting surface (3);

the electronic reconnaissance antenna (4) is composed of log periodic antennas, is arranged at the edge position of the main reflecting surface (31) and is arranged in an L shape;

the electronic reconnaissance antenna (4) and the multifunctional feed source (2) are connected with the radio frequency channel through a waveguide or a cable, and the radio frequency channel is connected with the central processing unit.

2. The ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on reflecting surface of claim 1, characterized in that: the main reflecting surface (31) is in a shape of a rotating paraboloid, the auxiliary reflecting surface (32) is in a shape of a hyperboloid, and virtual focuses of the main reflecting surface (31) and the auxiliary reflecting surface (32) are superposed.

3. The ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on reflecting surface of claim 1, characterized in that: the output signal in the satellite body (1) enters the multifunctional feed source array (2) through a waveguide or a cable and then is radiated out by the antenna reflecting surface (3);

the electronic reconnaissance antenna (4) receives the signals, and the signals enter the satellite body (1) through a cable or a waveguide to be processed.

4. The ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on reflecting surface of claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the main reflecting surface (31) is as follows: l is₁2 r; wherein L is₁The length of the main reflecting surface (31) is defined as r, and the azimuth resolution of the radar function of the integrated load is defined as r.

5. The ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on reflecting surface of claim 1, characterized in that: the aperture of the antenna reflection surface (3) is obtained by the following formula:

wherein D is_mIs a dayThe caliber of the linear reflecting surface (3), eta is the antenna efficiency, lambda is the electromagnetic wavelength, and G is the antenna gain.

6. The ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on reflecting surface of claim 1, characterized in that: the focal position of the antenna reflection surface (3) is as follows:

wherein D is_mThe aperture of the antenna reflection surface (3), theta is the half opening angle of the main reflection surface (31), and F is the focal position of the antenna reflection surface (3).

7. The ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on reflecting surface of claim 1, characterized in that: the main reflecting surface (31) is integrally processed by adopting a carbon fiber composite material.

8. The ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on reflecting surface of claim 1, characterized in that: the sub-reflecting surface (32) is integrally processed by adopting a carbon fiber composite material.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of multifunctional integrated satellites, and particularly relates to an ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on a reflecting surface.

Background

At present, various electronic systems such as radar, communication, electronic warfare and the like are increasing on a satellite combat platform, but the electronic systems are all separated and independent systems. With the high sophistication of modern wars, more and more electronic information devices are required, placing these combat platforms under increasing burden.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface is provided, and the problem of the multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface is solved.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on a reflecting surface, comprising: the system comprises a satellite body, a multifunctional feed source array, an antenna reflecting surface and an electronic reconnaissance antenna; the satellite body comprises a radio frequency channel and a central processing unit; the antenna reflecting surface comprises a main reflecting surface and an auxiliary reflecting surface, wherein the auxiliary reflecting surface is fixed on the main reflecting surface through a thermosensitive intelligent unfolding hinge and a support rod; the multifunctional feed source array is arranged on the antenna reflecting surface; the electronic reconnaissance antenna is composed of log periodic antennas, is arranged at the edge position of the main reflecting surface and is arranged in an L shape; the electronic reconnaissance antenna and the multifunctional feed source are connected with the radio frequency channel through a waveguide or a cable, and the radio frequency channel is connected with the central processing unit.

In the ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface, the main reflecting surface is in a shape of a rotating paraboloid, and virtual focuses of the main reflecting surface are overlapped; the secondary reflecting surface is hyperboloid-shaped, and virtual focuses of the secondary reflecting surface are overlapped.

In the ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface, an output signal in the satellite body enters the multifunctional feed source array through a waveguide or a cable and then is radiated out by the antenna reflecting surface; the electronic reconnaissance antenna receives the signal, and the signal enters the satellite body through the cable or the waveguide to be processed.

In the above ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on a reflecting surface, the length of the main reflecting surface is as follows: l is₁2 r; wherein L is₁The length of the main reflecting surface is shown, and r is the radar function azimuth resolution of the integrated load.

In the ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface, the aperture of the antenna reflecting surface is determined by the maximum gain of the radar function and the interference function, and is obtained by the following formula:

wherein D is_mIs the aperture of the antenna reflector, η is the antenna efficiency, λ is the electromagnetic wavelength, and G is the antenna gain.

In the above ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface, the focal position of the antenna reflecting surface is:

wherein D is_mThe aperture of the antenna reflecting surface is shown, theta is the half-opening angle of the main reflecting surface, and F is the focal position of the antenna reflecting surface.

In the ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface, the main reflecting surface is integrally processed by adopting a carbon fiber composite material.

In the ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface, the auxiliary reflecting surface is integrally processed by adopting a carbon fiber composite material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) according to the invention, the electronic reconnaissance antenna is arranged by the ultra-wide band reflector, the feed source array and the L, so that the structural layout of the ultra-wide band radar, communication and electronic warfare integrated functional antenna is realized, the integration density of load functions is improved, and a plurality of sets of load systems are not required to be independently designed to integrate different functions;

(2) the invention provides the staggered feed source array with different frequency bands and different functions and the reflector antenna, which are arranged at the focus, thereby realizing ultra-wide band and multiple functions, flexibly increasing and decreasing feed sources to adjust the functions according to requirements, and having simple and effective operation.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on a reflecting surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of a reflective-surface-based ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of an array of multi-band feeds provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a beam coverage map provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on a reflecting surface according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load based on the reflecting surface comprises: the system comprises a satellite body 1, a multifunctional feed source array 2, an antenna reflecting surface 3 and an electronic reconnaissance antenna 4; the satellite body 1 comprises a radio frequency channel and a central processing unit; the multifunctional feed source array 2 comprises functional feed sources of radar, communication, interference and the like, and the antenna reflecting surface 3 comprises a main reflecting surface 31 and an auxiliary reflecting surface 32. The main reflector antenna and the auxiliary reflector antenna are in a rotating paraboloid shape and a hyperboloid shape, virtual focuses of the main reflector antenna and the auxiliary reflector antenna are superposed, and different frequency band and different function feed sources are arranged in a staggered mode at the focuses. The auxiliary reflecting surface is fixed on the main reflecting surface through a thermosensitive intelligent unfolding hinge and a support rod. The feed source array is also fixed on the main reflecting surface or the satellite body. The electronic reconnaissance antenna 4 is composed of log periodic antennas, is arranged at the edge of the main reflector and is arranged in an L shape.

The electronic reconnaissance antenna 4 and the multifunctional feed source 2 are connected with a radio frequency channel and a central processing unit in the satellite body 1 through waveguides or cables, and the whole system forms a multifunctional load of an ultra-wideband reflecting surface.

The functions of radar communication interference and the like needing active transmission, output signals in the satellite body 1 enter the multifunctional feed source array 2 through a waveguide or a cable, then are radiated by the antenna reflecting surface 3, and the feed sources can be flexibly increased or decreased or the feed source functions can be changed according to different functional requirements. The electronic reconnaissance belongs to passive detection, and the electronic reconnaissance antenna 4 receives signals, enters the satellite body 1 through a cable or a waveguide and carries out data processing.

As shown in fig. 2, in the multifunctional integrated satellite device, the functions of radar, communication and electronic warfare need to be realized, and the geometric formula of the main reflecting surface is as follows:

the length direction of the main reflecting surface is as follows: l is₁R is the azimuth resolution of the radar function of the integrated load.

The length direction of the main reflecting surface can be adjusted according to the azimuth resolution of the radar.

The aperture of the antenna reflecting surface 3 is determined according to the radar and the interference function, the gain of the radar and the interference function is the maximum value, wherein the aperture of the antenna reflecting surface 3 should meet the following requirements:

wherein D is_mThe antenna reflector has a 3-caliber, eta is the antenna efficiency, lambda is the electromagnetic wavelength, and G is the antenna gain.

The aperture formula of the antenna reflecting surface 3 can meet the requirements of radar and the performance of an interference function antenna.

The focus of the main reflector is provided with a feed source, and the focus position of the antenna reflector 3 is as follows:

D_mis the aperture of the antenna reflecting surface 3, and theta is the half opening angle of the main reflecting surface 31.

The focal point position formula of the antenna reflecting surface 3 enables the antenna reflecting surface to be compact in structure and small in antenna unfolding envelope.

The electronic reconnaissance antennas are arranged in an L shape at the edge of the main reflector to form two-dimensional interference.

The embodiment also provides a reflection surface-based ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load design method, which comprises the following steps:

step 1 ultra-wideband multifunctional antenna design

Firstly, the requirements of radar, communication, interference and electronic reconnaissance are met according to the satellite function, and the size and the working frequency range of the main and auxiliary reflecting surfaces are determined according to active electronic equipment. And designing and determining an antenna form and a multifunctional multi-band feed source according to the overall requirements of the working frequency band, the working bandwidth and the like to form a multifunctional integrated antenna. The antenna has the advantages that the main reflecting surface and the auxiliary reflecting surface do not shield the main reflecting surface, and the feed source horn does not shield the auxiliary reflecting surface, so that the input voltage standing wave ratio of the feed source and the side lobe level of a secondary directional diagram, particularly paraxial side lobes, are reduced. And secondly, the main and auxiliary reflecting surfaces of the offset Cassegrain antenna are integrally processed by adopting a carbon fiber composite material, so that the highest profile requirement of the ultra-wideband is met. And thirdly, the multifunctional feed sources are arranged in a staggered mode, and each feed source is correspondingly used for different functions to form the ultra-wideband load antenna spanning multiple bands. The radar, communication and interference share the reflecting surface, and the purpose of integrating functions is achieved by configuring feed sources with different frequency bands and different functions. The electronic reconnaissance belongs to passive electronic equipment, and can fully utilize the conformal characteristic to arrange the antenna at the edge of the main reflecting surface.

Step 2, designing a multifunctional feed source array;

as shown in fig. 3, the integrated antenna is to form a plurality of beams with different functions, each beam corresponding to a horn. According to the function requirements, different frequency bands corresponding to the feed source are designed for functions of communication, radar, interference and the like, and the ultra-wideband antenna is realized through the ultra-wideband natural characteristics of multiple frequency bands and the reflecting surface. During design, a main beam is selected, the corresponding loudspeaker is placed near the focus, and the rest loudspeakers are as close to the focus as possible, so that the gain loss of the transverse deflection is reduced. The feed sources are arranged in a staggered mode as much as possible, namely, feed source arrays are placed at different positions of a focal plane of the parabolic reflector antenna, one or more feed sources in the feed source arrays work through switching, and a plurality of beams with different directions and different functions are formed. For maximum efficiency, the primary pattern is determined according to beam pointing, beam width, focal length, and other factors.

Step 3 multi-functional antenna multi-beam directional diagram design

And aiming at the reflecting surface with the large caliber, optimizing an antenna directional diagram by adopting a physical optical method. Firstly, modeling simulation is carried out on design parameters of a designed reflecting surface and an optimized multi-band feed source directional diagram, and secondly, shaping design is carried out on the reflecting surface antenna according to an antenna aperture surface field distribution function, so that the optimized integrated antenna performance is achieved.

Step 4 multifunctional integrated load design

And after the steps of 1-3 are completed, carrying out structural layout on the antenna. The electronic reconnaissance is a passive receiving antenna, the antenna can be arranged at the edge of the main reflecting surface without transmitting power to form L-shaped arrangement, and the reconnaissance positioning is realized. And other radar, communication and interference feed sources are arranged near the focus in a staggered mode in sequence. The multifunctional feed source enters the satellite body through waveguide connection and is connected with the integrated radio frequency channel and the central processing unit in the satellite body. In addition, the antenna main reflecting surface side lug is bent, the storage ratio of the antenna is improved, and the antenna reflecting surface is formed by adopting a carbon fiber composite material at one time to ensure the continuity of the reflecting surface. The unfolding of the auxiliary reflecting surface is realized through the elastic potential energy stored in the thermosensitive intelligent unfolding hinge; meanwhile, the unfolding mechanism of the auxiliary reflecting surface is distributed in a wrong direction, so that the supporting rigidity of the auxiliary reflecting surface is effectively provided.

Take the L-Ka broadband as an example, wherein the electrical aperture of the main reflector is 3.6m multiplied by 1.97m, the focal length is 1.70m, and the electrical aperture of the secondary reflector is 1.25 multiplied by 0.9 m. The antenna forms 6 wave beams, wherein two X wave band wave beams, two L wave band wave beams, one Ku wave band wave beam and one Ka wave band wave beam form a multi-band ultra-wideband multifunctional antenna which can be used as radar, communication, interference and the like. Each beam corresponds to one horn for a total of 6 horns.

According to the multifunctional task requirement of the satellite, the size of a main reflecting surface and the multi-band feed source are selected, the arrangement mode and the directional diagram of the multifunctional feed source are optimized, and the directional diagram of the multifunctional antenna is optimized to meet the overall design requirement. The beam results are shown in table 1, and the antenna beam coverage is shown in fig. 4. And then carrying out layout design, deploying an electronic reconnaissance antenna, and connecting the electronic reconnaissance antenna with the comprehensive radio frequency and processor in the cabin. The invention can realize ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated load design and highly integrate equipment such as satellite radar, communication, electronic countermeasure and the like.

TABLE 1 antenna Beam statistics

The invention is based on the development requirement of high-function density satellite, the high integration is required for the satellite work, and the radar, communication, electronic countermeasure and other means are generally concentrated on a small satellite platform, so that the high integration of an on-satellite electronic system is required, and the requirements of ultra wide band, multiple functions and integration are met. Firstly, according to the requirement of a satellite task, the overall design idea of an ultra-wide band reflecting surface, a multi-band multifunctional feed source, a comprehensive radio frequency and an integrated processor is designed, and satellite electronic equipment with different functions is greatly integrated. On the basis, the multifunctional integrated antenna and the layout are researched, a multi-band multifunctional feed source staggered arrangement mode and an electronic reconnaissance antenna are arranged on the edge of a main reflecting surface to form an L arrangement mode, so that the multifunctional integrated antenna is multifunctional, and a solution is provided for the design of future multifunctional integrated loads.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.