阅读说明：本技术 一种骨科用取钉器 (Nail extractor for orthopedics department ) 是由 唐其林 于 2021-09-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种骨科用取钉器,其是与一种空心骨钉配套使用的,空心骨钉的空腔具有粗糙的表面,取钉器包括套筒,在套筒内的后段设有一个压力驱动机构；在套筒内的中段设有一个与压力驱动机构相连的容器,容器内存放有热固性材料,容器具有贴着套筒内壁的圆环形的流动通道,流动通道的前端设有一个开口；在套筒内的中段,贴着流动通道的内壁设有一个金属线进给机构,所述金属线沿套筒的中轴线穿过金属线进给机构和压力驱动机构并延伸到套筒外。本发明在取断钉过程中不会造成骨质损伤,取钉过程平稳有效,取钉器无需对准,操作方便。(The invention discloses a nail extractor for orthopedics department, which is matched with a hollow bone nail for use, wherein a cavity of the hollow bone nail is provided with a rough surface, the nail extractor comprises a sleeve, and a pressure driving mechanism is arranged at the rear section in the sleeve; a container connected with the pressure driving mechanism is arranged at the middle section in the sleeve, thermosetting materials are stored in the container, the container is provided with a circular flow channel attached to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the front end of the flow channel is provided with an opening; and a metal wire feeding mechanism is arranged at the middle section in the sleeve and is attached to the inner wall of the flow channel, and the metal wire passes through the metal wire feeding mechanism and the pressure driving mechanism along the central axis of the sleeve and extends out of the sleeve. The invention can not cause bone injury in the process of taking broken nails, has stable and effective nail taking process, does not need to align the nail taking device and has convenient operation.)

1. An orthopedic nail extractor which is matched with a hollow bone nail for use and is characterized in that,

the hollow bone nail is internally provided with a cavity along the length direction, and the wall of the cavity is machined, such as boring or galling and the like, so that the hollow bone nail has a rough surface;

the nail extractor comprises a sleeve, and a pressure driving mechanism is arranged at the rear section in the sleeve; a container connected with a pressure driving mechanism is arranged at the middle section in the sleeve, a certain amount of thermosetting material which is mainly thermosetting resin and has fluidity is stored in the container, the container is provided with a circular flow channel attached to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the front end of the flow channel is provided with an opening; and a metal wire feeding mechanism is arranged at the middle section in the sleeve and is attached to the inner wall of the flow channel, and the metal wire passes through the feeding mechanism along the central axis of the sleeve and extends out of the sleeve.

2. The orthopedic nail extractor of claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the sleeve is magnetic, and a ring of thin iron needles arranged next to each other is disposed on the outer surface, and a soft (rubber) pushing ring capable of pushing the thin iron needles to slide on the outer surface of the sleeve along the axial direction of the sleeve;

3. the orthopedic nail extractor of claim 1, wherein the hollow bone nail is made of magnesium alloy or titanium alloy.

4. The orthopedic nail extractor of claim 1, wherein said cavity has a taper, the diameter of the cavity adjacent the tip of the nail being slightly larger than the diameter of the cavity adjacent the head of the nail.

5. The orthopedic nail extractor of claim 1, wherein said opening is annular and is disposed toward a central axis of said sleeve.

6. The orthopedic nail extractor according to claim 1, wherein the specification of the nail extractor is matched with the hollow bone nail, namely the outermost diameter of the thin iron needle of the nail extractor is matched with the diameter of the hollow nail;

7. the orthopedic nail extractor of claim 1, wherein the thin iron needle has a pointed end at one end near the soft push ring and a flat end at the other end.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an orthopedic nail extractor.

Background

The bone nail is one of the medical instruments commonly used in the bone repair operation, the bone nail is taken out after the bone tissue of a patient is healed by a secondary operation, in clinic, as the bone nail is too long in the body of the patient, the problem that the bone nail is difficult to take out often occurs, even the situation of broken nail occurs, one of the existing methods for taking out the broken nail is to firstly chisel off the bone around the broken nail, then to use tools such as pliers and the like to clamp and rotate the broken nail and then take out the broken nail, the other method is to drill a threaded hole on the top of the broken nail, then to insert a threaded piece into the threaded hole and rotate to drive the broken nail to rotate and take out the broken nail, both methods need to chisel off the bone around the end part of the broken nail and cause great damage to the bone, in addition, when the second method is adopted to drill, the problem that a drill bit deviates from the broken nail and damages to the peripheral bone is easy to occur, the traditional nail taking-out method in the prior art is time-consuming and labor-consuming, it also causes great damage to the backbone structure.

CN109567926A discloses a broken nail extractor for hollow nails, which can directly fix the broken nail without punching the broken nail in advance, and then take out the broken nail by rotation, thereby basically eliminating the damage to the bone around the broken nail. However, the nail extractor which only depends on the static friction force between the plurality of expansion blocks on the nail rod and the inner wall of the hollow nail can not ensure stable connection relation in the nail extracting process and is easy to slide and lose efficacy; in addition, if offer on hollow nail inner wall with the corresponding keyway of inflation piece, one can influence the structural strength of hollow nail itself, two come to need personnel to adjust the angle of ejector pin in hollow nail repeatedly just can make the inflation piece aim at in the keyway, the result of use is not good.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a nail extractor matched with a hollow bone nail for orthopedics, which can be stably connected with a broken nail and spirally extracted, and can prevent secondary damage caused by vibration, displacement and the like in the nail extracting process. In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a nail extractor for orthopedics department, it is used with a kind of hollow bone nail, the said hollow bone nail is made of magnesium alloy or titanium alloy, there are cavities in its inside along the length direction, the wall of the cavity has rough surfaces by the machine processing such as boring or galling, etc.;

preferably the cavity has a taper, the diameter of the cavity adjacent the tip of the nail being slightly larger than the diameter of the cavity adjacent the head of the nail.

The nail extractor comprises a sleeve, the outer surface of the sleeve is magnetic, a circle of thin iron needles which are arranged next to each other are arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve, and a soft pushing ring which can push the thin iron needles to slide on the outer surface of the sleeve along the axial direction of the sleeve is arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve;

preferably, one end of the thin iron needle close to the soft pushing ring is a pointed end, and the other end of the thin iron needle is a flat head.

The rear section in the sleeve is provided with a pressure driving mechanism; a container connected with a pressure driving mechanism is arranged at the middle section in the sleeve, a certain amount of thermosetting material which is mainly thermosetting resin and has fluidity is stored in the container, the container is provided with a circular flow channel attached to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the front end of the flow channel is provided with an opening; and a metal wire feeding mechanism is arranged at the middle section in the sleeve and is attached to the inner wall of the flow channel, and the metal wire passes through the feeding mechanism along the central axis of the sleeve and extends out of the sleeve.

Preferably, the opening is annular and is inclined to the central axis of the sleeve.

Preferably, the specification of the nail extractor is matched with the hollow bone nail, namely the outermost diameter of a thin iron needle of the nail extractor is matched with the diameter of the hollow nail;

when the nail extractor is used for carrying out the broken nail extracting operation of the hollow bone nail,

(1) the hand-held nail extractor or the machine clamps the nail extractor to enable the sleeve to be close to the broken nail;

(2) the soft pushing ring on the nail extractor is pushed, the circle of thin iron needles moves towards the fracture of the broken nail, the flat heads of the thin iron needles abut against the wall of the fracture, and as the fracture of the broken nail is not necessarily flat, a certain pushing force is continuously applied to the soft pushing ring, the sharp heads of part of the thin iron needles poke into the soft pushing ring, and the whole circle of thin iron needles seamlessly seals the uneven fracture;

(3) the metal wire feeding mechanism extends the metal wire into the cavity of the hollow bone nail, and the length of the metal wire extending into the cavity is preferably greater than the length of the hollow bone nail and more preferably twice the length of the hollow bone nail;

(4) the pressure driving mechanism pumps the thermosetting material and injects the thermosetting material into the cavity of the hollow bone nail through the opening of the flow channel, and the injection amount is larger than the volume of the cavity of the hollow bone nail;

(5) the metal wire is electrified, the metal wire is electrified to generate heat, the thermosetting material in the cavity generates a chemical reaction-crosslinking reaction to be cured and hardened, and the head of the hardened thermosetting material piece can be screwed to rotate so as to drive the broken nail to be taken out.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) because the cavity of the hollow bone nail has a rough inner surface, innumerable engaged bulges and depressions are microscopically formed between the hardened thermosetting material piece solidified in the cavity and the cavity, and the connection acting force between the hollow bone nail and the inner wall of the broken nail is very stable;

(2) the metal wire meanders in the cavity and is wrapped in the thermosetting material to form an internal reinforcing rib of the molded thermosetting material, so that the molded thermosetting material has enough strength and hardness to prevent the molded thermosetting material from being twisted off when the hollow bone nail is taken out, and a user can operate the head of the thermosetting material to screw off and take out the broken hollow bone nail;

(3) the whole process can not cause bone injury, and the nail taking process is stable and effective;

(4) the operation does not need to be aligned, the operation is convenient, and the operation can be executed even if the nail extractor and the broken nail are not on the same straight line;

(5) even if the fracture of the broken nail is uneven, the safety, the side leakage-free injection and the molding of the thermosetting material can be ensured through the circle of thin iron needle structure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a staple remover;

FIG. 2 is an internal view of the staple remover;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a broken nail;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the staple remover and broken staple in use when they are in the same line;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the staple remover and broken staple not in the same line.

Detailed Description

The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 4-5, the nail extractor 1 is used in combination with a broken nail 2 of a hollow bone nail, as shown in fig. 3, the hollow bone nail is made of magnesium alloy or titanium alloy, a cavity 20 is arranged in the hollow bone nail along the length direction, the wall of the cavity 20 is machined by boring or galling and the like to have a rough surface, particularly, the fracture of the broken nail 2 is uneven;

as shown in fig. 1-2, the nail extractor 1 includes a sleeve 3, the outer surface of the sleeve 3 has magnetism, and a circle of thin iron needles 4 arranged next to each other is disposed on the outer surface (in the figure, there is a gap between the thin iron needles 4 to show clarity but not actual arrangement, the magnetic force on the outer surface of the sleeve 3 can make the thin iron needles 4 stably attached to the sleeve 3), and a soft push ring 5 capable of pushing the thin iron needles 4 to slide on the outer surface of the sleeve 3 along the axial direction of the sleeve 3, the soft push ring 5 can be made of rubber.

Preferably, one end of the thin iron needle 4 close to the soft pushing ring 5 is a pointed end, and the other end is a flat end.

As shown in fig. 2, a pressure driving mechanism 6, such as a pressure pump, is provided at a rear section inside the sleeve 3; a container 7 connected with a pressure driving mechanism 6 is arranged at the middle section in the sleeve 3, a certain amount of thermosetting material which is mainly thermosetting resin and has fluidity is stored in the container 7, the container 7 is provided with a circular flow channel 8 attached to the inner wall of the sleeve 3, and the front end of the flow channel 8 is provided with an opening 11; a wire feeding mechanism 9 is provided in the middle section of the inside of the sleeve 3, abutting against the inner wall of the flow passage 8, and the wire 10 passes through the wire feeding mechanism 9 along the central axis of the sleeve 3 and extends to the outside of the sleeve 3.

As is well known to those skilled in the art, the wire feeding mechanism 9 may be fed by a pair of friction wheels, one of which is driven by a micro-motor, the wire passing between the pair of friction wheels;

preferably, said opening 11 is annular and is inclined to the central axis of the sleeve 3.

Preferably, the nail extractor 1 is matched with the hollow bone nail in specification, namely the outermost diameter of the circle of thin iron needles 4 of the nail extractor 1 is matched with the diameter of the hollow nail.

When the nail extractor is used, whether the nail extractor 1 and the broken nail 2 shown in figure 4 are on the same straight line or the nail extractor 1 and the broken nail 2 shown in figure 5 are not on the same straight line, the broken nail 2 can be taken out according to the following steps, the alignment is not needed, and the operation is convenient.

(1) The hand-held nail extractor 1 or the machine clamps the nail extractor 1 to enable the sleeve 3 to be close to the broken nail 2;

(2) the soft push ring 5 on the nail extractor 1 is pushed, so that the circle of thin iron needles 4 move towards the fracture of the broken nail 2, the flat heads of the thin iron needles 4 abut against the fracture, and as the fracture of the broken nail 2 is not necessarily flat, a certain thrust is continuously applied to the soft push ring 5, the sharp heads of part of the thin iron needles 4 poke into the soft push ring 5, and the whole circle of thin iron needles 4 seamlessly seal the uneven fracture;

(3) the wire feeding mechanism 9 extends the wire 10 into the cavity 20 of the hollow bone nail, preferably for a length greater than the length of the hollow bone nail, more preferably twice the length of the hollow bone nail, so that the wire 10 meanders in the cavity 20 after reaching the cavity 20;

(4) the pressure driving mechanism 6 pumps the thermosetting material to be injected into the cavity 20 of the hollow bone nail through the opening 11 of the flow channel 8, and the injection amount is larger than the volume of the cavity 20 of the hollow bone nail;

(5) the metal wire 10 is electrified (can be carried out outside the nail extractor 1), the metal wire 10 is electrified to generate heat, the thermosetting material in the cavity 20 generates a chemical reaction-crosslinking reaction to be cured and hardened, and the head of the hardened thermosetting material piece can be screwed and rotated to drive the broken nail 2 to be extracted.

Preferably, the cavity 20 of the hollow bone nail has a certain taper, and the diameter of the cavity close to the nail tip is slightly larger than that of the cavity close to the nail head, so that the thermosetting material piece has better stress between the broken nail and the cavity when the thermosetting material piece is screwed outwards and pulled out.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.