阅读说明：本技术 一种热卷箱卷取位辊系标定装置及标定方法 (Hot coil box coiling position roller system calibration device and calibration method ) 是由 袁亚东 顾代权 毛玉生 华长浩 王新华 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种热卷箱卷取位辊系标定装置,所述标定装置包括上弯油缸、成型辊油缸、1A油缸、1B油缸、上弯曲辊B、上弯曲辊A、下弯曲辊、标定块、成型辊、1A辊以及1B辊；下弯曲辊固定不动、两个上弯曲辊安装在框架上,共有两个油缸安装在框架的两侧,油缸驱动框架围绕支点a抬起或压靠下弯曲辊；两个油缸各自带有位置传感器实时检测油缸的实际动作位置,单侧的油缸由一个伺服阀单独控制,油缸的杆腔和盲腔管路均设置有压力传感器,用来检测油缸产生的作用力；该技术方案通过标定块对卷取辊系进行综合性的精确标定,不仅对保护现场设备有作用,而且消除了因设备功能投用精度不高而产生的热轧成品带钢板型异常的问题。(The invention relates to a calibration device for a coiling position roller system of a hot coiling box, which comprises an upper bending oil cylinder, a forming roller oil cylinder, a 1A oil cylinder, a 1B oil cylinder, an upper bending roller B, an upper bending roller A, a lower bending roller, a calibration block, a forming roller, a 1A roller and a 1B roller; the lower bending roll is fixed, the two upper bending rolls are arranged on the frame, two oil cylinders are arranged on two sides of the frame in total, and the oil cylinders drive the frame to lift or press the lower bending roll around a pivot point a; the two oil cylinders are respectively provided with a position sensor for detecting the actual action position of the oil cylinder in real time, the oil cylinder on one side is independently controlled by a servo valve, and the rod cavity and the blind cavity pipeline of the oil cylinder are respectively provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the acting force generated by the oil cylinder; according to the technical scheme, the coiling roller system is comprehensively and accurately calibrated through the calibration block, so that the method not only plays a role in protecting field equipment, but also solves the problem of abnormal plate shape of the hot-rolled finished strip steel caused by low equipment function application precision.)

1. A hot coiling box coiling position roller system calibration device is characterized by comprising an upper bending oil cylinder (101), a forming roller oil cylinder (201), a 1A oil cylinder (303), a 1B oil cylinder (304), an upper bending roller B (103), an upper bending roller A (102), a lower bending roller (104), a calibration block (100), a forming roller (202), a 1A roller (301) and a 1B roller (302);

the lower bending roller (104) is fixed, the two upper bending rollers (102) and (103) are arranged on the frame, two oil cylinders (101) are arranged on two sides of the frame in total, and the oil cylinders (101) drive the frame to lift or press the lower bending roller (104) around a fulcrum a; the two oil cylinders (101) are respectively provided with a position sensor to detect the actual action position of the oil cylinder in real time, the oil cylinder (101) on one side is independently controlled by a servo valve, and the rod cavity and the blind cavity pipeline of the oil cylinder (101) are respectively provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the acting force generated by the oil cylinder;

the forming roller (202) is driven by two oil cylinders (201) arranged on two sides, the oil cylinder (201) lifts the forming roller around a fulcrum b to be in a coiling state at a high position, and the forming roller is in an idle state when falling; the oil cylinder (201) is provided with a position sensor to detect the actual position of the oil cylinder in real time, the oil cylinders on two sides share one servo valve for control, and the rod cavity and the blind cavity pipeline of the oil cylinder (201) are provided with pressure sensors for detecting the acting force generated by the oil cylinder;

a station is provided with a roller 1A (301) and a roller 1B (302), two sides of the roller 1A (301) are respectively provided with an oil cylinder (303), the oil cylinders (303) are provided with position sensors to detect the actual positions of the oil cylinders in real time, the oil cylinders on the two sides share one servo valve for control, the oil cylinders (303) are completely retracted during reeling, the oil cylinders (303) extend out according to a set speed during unreeling, and the roller 1A (301) overturns and lifts towards the outlet direction around a fulcrum at the roller 1B (302);

two sides of the 1B roller (302) are respectively provided with an oil cylinder (304), the oil cylinders (304) are provided with position sensors and share one servo valve for control, the oil cylinder (304) extends out before coiling to enable the 1A roller (301) and the 1B roller (302) to act around a fulcrum c and stop at a corresponding designated position, when the steel coil is larger, the outer diameter of the steel coil is calculated according to the thickness of a plate blank and the coiling speed to enable the oil cylinder (304) to retract, and the 1B roller is ensured to be not contacted with the steel coil.

2. The calibration apparatus for the winding position roller system of the hot-rolling box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the R1 size of the calibration block 100 is equal to the outer diameter size of the upper and lower bending rollers (the outer diameters of the upper and lower bending rollers 102, 103, 104 are equal), R2 is equal to the outer diameter of the forming roller (202), and R3 is equal to the outer diameter of the 1A roller (301).

3. The calibration method of the calibration device of the heat coil box winding position roller system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1), lifting an upper bending roller and a forming roller, retracting all the oil cylinders 1A and 1B, and calibrating the two oil cylinders to 0 position;

step 2) respectively placing the calibration blocks at the extreme ends of the two sides of the roll surface of the lower bending roll;

step 3) operating the upper bending roller oil cylinder to press downwards, feeding oil into a rod cavity of the oil cylinder, wherein the pressure is P1, enabling the two upper bending rollers to be in light contact with the calibration block, and observing the pressure of the rod cavity to be increased by 1.1 multiplied by P1;

step 4), extending the 1B oil cylinder, feeding oil into a blind cavity of the oil cylinder, wherein the pressure is P4, lifting the whole frame together with the 1A oil cylinder and the roller around a fulcrum, enabling the 1A roller to be abutted to the corresponding position of the calibration block, enabling the two to be in light contact, and observing that the pressure of a rod cavity is increased by 1.1 xP 4;

step 5) at the moment, the upper and lower bends and the calibration block are fixed, the forming roller cylinder blind cavity supplies oil and extends out, the pressure is P2, the forming roller is propped against the corresponding arc to be in light contact with the forming roller cylinder blind cavity, and the pressure of the observation rod cavity is increased by 1.1 multiplied by P2;

and 6) continuously pressing the upper bending roller, taking oil into the rod cavity of the oil cylinder, considering that the weight of the transmission side is slightly heavier than that of the working side, wherein the pressure of the working side is 1.5 XP 1, and the pressure of the transmission side is 1.45 XP 1. The roll gap at the two oil cylinder positions at the moment is calibrated to the thickness of the calibration block at the position;

and 7) continuously extending the oil inlet of the blind cavity of the 1B oil cylinder, recording the magnetic scale data L of the 1B oil cylinder and inputting the data L into a program, wherein the pressure is 1.5 multiplied by P4. The 1A oil cylinder keeps a 0 position;

step 8), feeding oil to a blind cavity of an oil cylinder of the forming roller, extending out, wherein the pressure is 1.5 multiplied by P2, and calibrating 0 position by using oil cylinder magnetic scale data;

step 9) lifting the forming roller, retracting the 1B oil cylinder and lifting the upper bending roller according to the reverse actions, and taking the lower fixed block; after the calibration is finished, switching to an automatic mode, automatically setting the upper and lower bending roll gaps to be h by a background program according to the thickness of the plate blank, wherein the forming roll oil cylinder and the 1A oil cylinder are both at 0 position, and the extension degree of the 1B oil cylinder is L.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a calibration device, in particular to a calibration method for a coiling position roller system of a hot coil box, and belongs to the technical field of hot continuous rolling.

Background

The hot rolling box is mainly used for coiling the rough rolling intermediate blank without a mandrel, then uncoiling the intermediate blank to convert the tail part of the intermediate blank into a lower surface and an upper surface, and sending the lower surface and the upper surface into a finishing mill group for rolling. The method has the greatest characteristics of eliminating head-tail temperature difference, ensuring product quality, improving the stability of thin products and varieties with larger deformation resistance, improving the influence of secondary iron scale on surface quality and improving descaling effect. The coiling station is a main component of the hot coiling box and has the function of coiling the rough rolled intermediate billet, and the coiling station comprises the following components: the roller forming device comprises a side roller way, a bending roller unit, a forming roller unit, 1# carrier roller station units 1A and 1B rollers, a 1# carrier roller stabilizer, an uncoiling arm and the like.

According to the steel coil forming principle of the hot coil box, the coil shape of the steel coil is mainly determined by the bending roller unit, the forming roller and the 1A roller of the 1# carrier roller station unit, for the calibration of the coiling position roller system of the hot coil box, only the calibration of a single unit is carried out before, and the spatial position relation among the roller systems is not considered for confirmation, so that the impact damage to equipment in the coiling process can be reduced by good coil shape, otherwise, the one-time qualification rate of a hot rolled product can be influenced, and the quality cost loss can be caused.

Through retrieval, the patent with the application number of CN201710156586.4 discloses a hot coil box bending roll calibration device capable of automatically feeding cushion blocks, and the invention discloses a calibration device for a hot coil box bending roll gap of a hot rolling production line, which comprises a calibration block and a calibration block handle; the arc surface structures of the upper surface and the lower surface of the calibration block are consistent with the arc shapes of the roll surfaces of the upper bending roll and the lower bending roll, so that the calibration block can be completely attached to the roll surfaces without deviation, the central position between the rolls can be accurately found, the center of the calibration block and the centers of the upper bending roll and the lower bending roll are in a straight line, and the calibration precision of roll gaps is improved. The invention is only suitable for calibrating the roll gap of the bending roll. The determination method proposed by us has the following characteristics: the calibration of the bending roller, the forming roller and the 1A roller is completed through a special calibration block.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a calibration method for a coiling position roller system of a hot coiling box, aiming at the problems in the prior art. The method can directly eliminate the most important factors influencing the coil shape to the maximum extent, reduce the quality cost loss and mainly solve the technical problem of the quality defect of the coil shape of the strip steel caused by insufficient position precision of the coiling equipment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the calibration device for the coiling position roller system of the hot coiling box comprises an upper bending oil cylinder, a forming roller oil cylinder, a 1A oil cylinder, a 1B oil cylinder, an upper bending roller B, an upper bending roller A, a lower bending roller, a calibration block, a forming roller, a 1A roller and a 1B roller;

the lower bending roll is fixed, the two upper bending rolls are arranged on the frame, two oil cylinders are arranged on two sides of the frame in total, and the oil cylinders drive the frame to lift or press the lower bending roll around a pivot point a; the two oil cylinders are respectively provided with a position sensor to detect the actual action position of the oil cylinder in real time, the oil cylinder on one side is independently controlled by a servo valve, and the rod cavity and the blind cavity pipeline of the oil cylinder are respectively provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the acting force generated by the oil cylinder;

the forming roller is driven by two oil cylinders arranged on two sides, the oil cylinder lifts the forming roller around a fulcrum b to be in a coiling state at a high position, and the forming roller is in an idle state when falling; the oil cylinder is provided with a position sensor to detect the actual position of the oil cylinder in real time, the oil cylinders on two sides share one servo valve for control, and the rod cavity and the blind cavity pipelines of the oil cylinder are provided with pressure sensors for detecting the acting force generated by the oil cylinder;

the automatic winding machine is characterized in that a station is provided with a roller 1A and a roller 1B, two sides of the roller 1A are respectively provided with an oil cylinder, the oil cylinders are provided with position sensors to detect the actual positions of the oil cylinders in real time, the oil cylinders on the two sides share one servo valve for control, the oil cylinders are completely retracted during winding, the oil cylinders extend out according to a set speed during unwinding, and the roller 1A is turned and lifted around a fulcrum at the roller 1B to the outlet direction;

the two sides of the roller 1B are respectively provided with an oil cylinder, the oil cylinders are provided with position sensors and share a servo valve for control, the oil cylinders extend out before coiling to enable the roller 1A and the roller 1B to move around a fulcrum c and stop at corresponding designated positions, when the steel coil is wound more and more, the outer diameter of the steel coil is calculated according to the thickness of a plate blank and the coiling speed to enable the oil cylinders to retract, and the roller 1B is ensured to be not in contact with the steel coil.

As the invention, the size of the calibration block R1 is equal to the outer diameter of the upper and lower bending rollers (the outer diameters of the upper and lower bending rollers are equal), R2 is equal to the outer diameter of the forming roller, and R3 is equal to the outer diameter of the 1A roller; the triangle WXU is congruent with a triangle formed by connecting lines of the centers of three rollers of the upper bending roller and the lower bending roller in a steel rolling state; the triangle XYZ is equal to a triangle formed by connecting the three-roller circle centers of the lower bending roller, the forming roller and the 1A roller in a steel coil state; the triangle XUZ is equal to the triangle formed by connecting the three-roll circle centers of the upper bending roll, the lower bending roll and the 1A roll in the steel rolling state; namely, the pentagon and the pentagon XYZUW formed by connecting the centers of the five rollers of the upper and lower bending rollers, the forming roller and the 1A roller are all equal. In order to ensure that the calibration block cannot be deformed when the roller is pressed against it, the thickness and the material of the calibration block meet the strength requirements.

Main positions before calibration: the upper bending oil cylinder extends out to enable the upper bending roller to be at the lifting position and the forming roller oil cylinder to retract, and the forming roller lifts the 1A oil cylinder and the 1B oil cylinder to retract so that the 1A roller and the 1B roller are both at the low position.

A calibration method of a calibration device of a coiling position roller system of a hot coil box comprises the following steps:

step 1), lifting an upper bending roller and a forming roller, retracting all the oil cylinders 1A and 1B, and calibrating the two oil cylinders to 0 position;

step 2) respectively placing the calibration blocks at the extreme ends of the two sides of the roll surface of the lower bending roll;

step 3) operating the upper bending roller oil cylinder to press downwards, feeding oil into a rod cavity of the oil cylinder, wherein the pressure is P1, enabling the two upper bending rollers to be in light contact with the calibration block, and observing the pressure of the rod cavity to be increased by 1.1 multiplied by P1;

step 4), extending the 1B oil cylinder, feeding oil into a blind cavity of the oil cylinder, wherein the pressure is P4, lifting the whole frame together with the 1A oil cylinder and the roller around a fulcrum, enabling the 1A roller to be abutted to the corresponding position of the calibration block, enabling the two to be in light contact, and observing that the pressure of a rod cavity is increased by 1.1 xP 4;

step 5) at the moment, the upper and lower bends and the calibration block are fixed, the forming roller cylinder blind cavity supplies oil and extends out, the pressure is P2, the forming roller is propped against the corresponding arc to be in light contact with the forming roller cylinder blind cavity, and the pressure of the observation rod cavity is increased by 1.1 multiplied by P2;

and 6) continuously pressing the upper bending roller, taking oil into the rod cavity of the oil cylinder, considering that the weight of the transmission side is slightly heavier than that of the working side, wherein the pressure of the working side is 1.5 XP 1, and the pressure of the transmission side is 1.45 XP 1. The roll gap at the two oil cylinder positions at the moment is calibrated to the thickness of the calibration block at the position;

and 7) continuously extending the oil inlet of the blind cavity of the 1B oil cylinder, recording the magnetic scale data L of the 1B oil cylinder and inputting the data L into a program, wherein the pressure is 1.5 multiplied by P4. The 1A oil cylinder keeps a 0 position;

step 8), feeding oil to a blind cavity of an oil cylinder of the forming roller, extending out, wherein the pressure is 1.5 multiplied by P2, and calibrating 0 position by using oil cylinder magnetic scale data;

step 9) lifting the forming roller, retracting the 1B oil cylinder and lifting the upper bending roller according to the reverse actions, and taking the lower fixed block; after the calibration is finished, switching to an automatic mode, automatically setting the upper and lower bending roll gaps to be h by a background program according to the thickness of the plate blank, wherein the forming roll oil cylinder and the 1A oil cylinder are both at 0 position, and the extension degree of the 1B oil cylinder is L.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the technical scheme carries out comprehensive accurate calibration on the coiling roller system through the calibration block, not only has an effect of protecting field equipment, but also eliminates the problem of abnormal plate shape of the hot-rolled finished product strip steel caused by low equipment function application precision, and is specifically embodied in that: the method is used for calibrating the roll gap of the bending roll; calibrating and confirming the positions of the bending roller, the 1A roller and the forming roller; the method has the advantages that the functional accuracy of the field device is protected; the technical scheme not only sets the roll gap of the bending roll as a part of calibration, but also sets the relationship between other rolls and the bending roll as an important part of calibration, thereby improving the management level of equipment, obviously improving the calibration precision of the mutual positions of the coiling roll system space, not only effectively improving the roll shape precision index of the hot-rolled strip steel, but also reducing the repair amount, residual materials and tail coils caused by abnormal roll shape to a certain extent, and the calibration method has the characteristics of novelty, simplicity, safety and improvement on the management level of the equipment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the background art of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a calibration block

In the figure: 101-upper bending oil cylinder, 201-forming roller oil cylinder, 303-1A oil cylinder, 304-1B oil cylinder, 103-upper bending roller B, 102-upper bending roller A, 104-lower bending roller, 100-calibration block, 202-forming roller, 301-1A roller and 302-1B roller.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

for the purpose of enhancing an understanding of the present invention, the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1, a calibration device for a coiling position roller system of a hot coiling box comprises an upper bending oil cylinder 101, a forming roller oil cylinder 201, a 1A oil cylinder 303, A1B oil cylinder 304, an upper bending roller B103, an upper bending roller a102, a lower bending roller 104, a calibration block 100, a forming roller 202, a 1A roller 301 and A1B roller 302, as shown in fig. 1, the lower bending roller 104 is fixed, the two upper bending rollers 102 and 103 are installed on a frame, the two oil cylinders 101 are installed on two sides of the frame in total, and the oil cylinders 101 drive the frame to lift or press the lower bending roller 104 around a fulcrum a; the two oil cylinders 101 are respectively provided with a position sensor to detect the actual action position of the oil cylinder in real time, the oil cylinder 101 on one side is independently controlled by a servo valve, and the rod cavity and the blind cavity pipeline of the oil cylinder 101 are respectively provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the acting force generated by the oil cylinder; the forming roller 202 is driven by two oil cylinders 201 arranged on two sides, the oil cylinders 201 lift the forming roller 9 around a fulcrum b to be in a coiling state at a high position, and the forming roller is in an idle state when falling; the oil cylinder 201 is provided with a position sensor to detect the actual position of the oil cylinder in real time, the oil cylinders on two sides share one servo valve for control, and the rod cavity and the blind cavity pipeline of the oil cylinder 201 are both provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the acting force generated by the oil cylinder; the 1A roller 301 and the 1B roller 302 are arranged at one station, two sides of the 1A roller 301 are respectively provided with an oil cylinder 303, the oil cylinders 303 are provided with position sensors to detect the actual positions of the oil cylinders in real time, the oil cylinders at two sides share one servo valve for control, the oil cylinders 303 are completely retracted during reeling, the oil cylinders 303 extend out according to a set speed during unreeling, and the 1A roller 301 overturns and lifts around a fulcrum at the 1B roller 302 to the outlet direction; similarly, two oil cylinders 304 are respectively arranged on two sides of the 1B roller 302, and the oil cylinders 304 are provided with position sensors and share a servo valve control. The oil cylinder 304 before coiling extends to enable the 1A roller 301 and the 1B roller 302 to act around the fulcrum c and stop at the corresponding designated position, when the steel coil is coiled to be larger, the outer diameter of the steel coil is calculated according to the thickness of the plate blank and the coiling speed to enable the oil cylinder 304 to retract, and the 1B roller is ensured not to be in contact with the steel coil.

The calibration block 100 is shown in FIG. 2, wherein the R1 size is equal to the outer diameter size of the upper and lower bending rollers (the outer diameters of the upper and lower bending rollers 102, 103 and 104 are equal), the R2 is equal to the outer diameter of the forming roller 202, and the R3 is equal to the outer diameter of the 1A roller 301; the triangle WXU is congruent with a triangle formed by connecting lines of the centers of three rollers of the upper bending roller and the lower bending roller in a steel rolling state; the triangle XYZ is equal to a triangle formed by connecting three-roller circle centers of the lower bending roller 104, the forming roller 202 and the 1A roller 301 in a steel rolling state; the triangle XUZ is congruent with a triangle formed by connecting the three-roll circle centers of the upper bending roll 103, the lower bending roll 104 and the 1A roll 301 in a steel coil state; namely, the pentagon and the pentagon XYZUW formed by connecting the centers of the five rollers of the upper and lower bending rollers, the forming roller and the 1A roller are all equal. In order to ensure that the calibration block 100 cannot be deformed when the roller is pressed against it, the thickness and material of the calibration block meet the strength requirements.

Main positions before calibration: the upper bending cylinder 101 is extended to set the upper bending rollers 102 and 103 at the raised position (shown by the broken line in fig. 1), the forming roller cylinder 201 is retracted, the forming roller 202 is raised (shown by the solid line), and the 1A cylinder 303 and the 1B cylinder 304 are all retracted to set the 1A roller 301 and the 1B roller 302 at the low position (shown by the broken line).

The working process is as follows: referring to fig. 1-2, a calibration method of a calibration device of a hot box coiling position roller system comprises the following steps:

step 1), lifting an upper bending roller and a forming roller, retracting all the oil cylinders 1A and 1B, and calibrating the two oil cylinders to 0 position;

step 2) respectively placing the calibration blocks at the extreme ends of the two sides of the roll surface of the lower bending roll;

step 3) operating the upper bending roller oil cylinder to press downwards, feeding oil into a rod cavity of the oil cylinder, wherein the pressure is P1, enabling the two upper bending rollers to be in light contact with the calibration block, and observing the pressure of the rod cavity to be increased by 1.1 multiplied by P1;

step 4), extending the 1B oil cylinder, feeding oil into a blind cavity of the oil cylinder, wherein the pressure is P4, lifting the whole frame together with the 1A oil cylinder and the roller around a fulcrum, enabling the 1A roller to be abutted to the corresponding position of the calibration block, enabling the two to be in light contact, and observing that the pressure of a rod cavity is increased by 1.1 xP 4;

step 5) at the moment, the upper and lower bends and the calibration block are fixed, the forming roller cylinder blind cavity supplies oil and extends out, the pressure is P2, the forming roller is propped against the corresponding arc to be in light contact with the forming roller cylinder blind cavity, and the pressure of the observation rod cavity is increased by 1.1 multiplied by P2;

and 6) continuously pressing the upper bending roller, taking oil into the rod cavity of the oil cylinder, considering that the weight of the transmission side is slightly heavier than that of the working side, wherein the pressure of the working side is 1.5 XP 1, and the pressure of the transmission side is 1.45 XP 1. The roll gap at the two oil cylinder positions at the moment is calibrated to the thickness of the calibration block at the position;

and 7) continuously extending the oil inlet of the blind cavity of the 1B oil cylinder, recording the magnetic scale data L of the 1B oil cylinder and inputting the data L into a program, wherein the pressure is 1.5 multiplied by P4. The 1A oil cylinder keeps a 0 position;

step 8), feeding oil to a blind cavity of an oil cylinder of the forming roller, extending out, wherein the pressure is 1.5 multiplied by P2, and calibrating 0 position by using oil cylinder magnetic scale data;

step 9) lifting the forming roller, retracting the 1B oil cylinder and lifting the upper bending roller according to the reverse actions, and taking the lower fixed block; after the calibration is finished, switching to an automatic mode, automatically setting the upper and lower bending roll gaps to be h by a background program according to the thickness of the plate blank, wherein the forming roll oil cylinder and the 1A oil cylinder are both at 0 position, and the extension degree of the 1B oil cylinder is L. The technical scheme not only sets the roll gap of the bending roll as a part of calibration, but also sets the relationship between other rolls and the bending roll as an important part of calibration, thereby improving the management level of equipment, obviously improving the calibration precision of the mutual positions of the coiling roll system space, not only effectively improving the roll shape precision index of the hot-rolled strip steel, but also reducing the repair amount, residual materials and tail coils caused by abnormal roll shape to a certain extent, and the calibration method has the characteristics of novelty, simplicity, safety and improvement on the management level of the equipment.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications and substitutions based on the above-mentioned technical solutions are within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.