阅读说明：本技术 一种铝合金复杂杯形薄壁件冷挤压成形工艺 (Cold extrusion forming process for aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part ) 是由 季鑫洋 王超宇 于 2021-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于冷挤压工艺技术领域,具体为一种铝合金复杂杯形薄壁件冷挤压成形工艺,包括步骤一：首先先调整锻压模具,调整模具间隙及错移,用润滑剂工业猪油润滑模具；调整设备；步骤二：然后将待加工的原材料加热软化；步骤三：将软化后的原料放入锻压设备中的下固定模中；步骤四：启动锻压模具,上固定模在电动螺旋压力机的作用下向下移动,软化后的金属在压力作用下在下固定模的内腔流动直至充满型腔；步骤五：在锻压模具设备行程结束后,金属不再流动,形成最终冷挤压件的外形及尺寸,同时上固定模离开下固定模,其结构合理,满足了该零件锻件生产需要,降低了零件的加工余量,节约了原材料,缩短了机械加工周期,满足了精益制造的需要。(The invention belongs to the technical field of cold extrusion processes, and particularly relates to a cold extrusion forming process of an aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-walled part, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adjusting a forging die, adjusting the gap and the offset of the die, and lubricating the die by using industrial lard of a lubricant; adjusting equipment; step two: then heating and softening the raw material to be processed; step three: placing the softened raw material into a lower fixed die in forging equipment; step four: starting a forging die, enabling an upper fixed die to move downwards under the action of an electric screw press, and enabling softened metal to flow in an inner cavity of a lower fixed die under the action of pressure until a cavity is filled; step five: after the stroke of the forging and pressing die equipment is finished, the metal does not flow any more, the appearance and the size of the final cold extrusion piece are formed, meanwhile, the upper fixed die is separated from the lower fixed die, the structure is reasonable, the production requirement of the part forging is met, the machining allowance of the part is reduced, raw materials are saved, the machining period is shortened, and the requirement of lean manufacturing is met.)

1. A cold extrusion forming process of an aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, adjusting a forging die, adjusting the gap and the offset of the die, lubricating the die by using industrial lard oil of a lubricant, selecting a proper upper fixed die (210) and a proper lower fixed die (100) according to the size of a workpiece, adjusting the gap and the offset distance between the upper fixed die (210) and the lower fixed die (100), and then lubricating the upper fixed die (210) and the lower fixed die (100) by using the industrial lard oil lubricant;

step two: then heating and softening the raw material to be processed, putting the pretreated raw material into a preheating device, and setting the preheating temperature and the preheating time;

step three: putting the softened raw material into a lower fixed die (100) in forging equipment, taking out the preheated raw material, putting the raw material into a die pressing groove (110) in the lower fixed die (100), and putting the position of the raw material in the die pressing groove (110) at the same time;

step four: starting a forging die, wherein an upper fixed die (210) moves downwards under the action of an electric screw press (200), softened metal flows in an inner cavity of a die pressing groove (110) of a lower fixed die (100) under the action of pressure until a cavity is filled, and the upper fixed die (210) moves downwards under the power of the electric screw press (200) by simultaneously operating a starting button on a panel with two hands to apply pressure to raw materials in the lower die pressing groove (110);

step five: after the stroke of the forging die equipment is finished, the metal does not flow any more, the appearance and the size of a final cold extrusion piece are formed, meanwhile, the upper fixed die (210) is separated from the lower fixed die (100), the cooling of the formed die is accelerated through the cooling device, the upper fixed die (210) is automatically separated from the lower fixed die (100) and the die pressing groove (110) after the forging die is formed, and meanwhile, a worker cools an extruded workpiece through air through the cooling device, so that the cooling efficiency of the workpiece is accelerated;

step six: and after the formed die is completely cooled and solidified, taking out the formed die through an ejection device on the forging device, and after the workpiece is cooled, moving an ejection cylinder on an ejection assembly (120) upwards to drive an ejection block to move upwards, and ejecting the cooled workpiece out of a die pressing groove (110).

2. The cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the forging and pressing die comprises a lower fixed die (100) and an electric screw press (200), wherein a die pressing groove (110) and an ejection assembly (120) are arranged on the lower fixed die (100), and an upper fixed die (210) is arranged at the bottom output end of the electric screw press (200).

3. The cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-walled part according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner cavity of the die pressing groove (110) is provided with a through hole matched with the ejection assembly (120).

4. The cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific operation flow of the second step is as follows: firstly, heating the raw materials to 400-500 ℃, keeping the temperature for about 4 hours, and then cooling the raw materials to 150 ℃ along with the furnace.

5. The cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power of the electric screw press (200) is 3150T, and the speed is 2-6 mm/s.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cold extrusion processes, in particular to a cold extrusion forming process of an aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part.

Background

In the forging production of the aeroengine air inlet guide cone part, according to the actual forging condition of a factory, the forging of the part is designed into a cylindrical free forging, and the outline of the part is similar to a cup shape, so that the part has great machining allowance, and the machining period of the part is greatly influenced; this extremely low raw material utilization also does not meet the current lean manufacturing requirements. Firstly, according to the characteristics of parts and the actual forging production and machining level of a factory, a die forging piece which is approximately similar to the part in shape is designed, the utilization rate of raw materials is improved to 13.5% from less than 4%, and the raw materials are saved by 75% compared with a free forging piece. Secondly, a numerical model of the part forging is constructed, and the cold heading extrusion forming process and the die design scheme of the part forging are verified through numerical simulation. Thirdly, performing a series of material cold forging tests on the 2A70 aluminum alloy, searching out the softening treatment parameters, the cold forging parameters and the heat treatment parameters of the material, and obtaining a forming process route of the part, namely blanking → softening treatment → cold forging → heat treatment. And finally, trial-producing the part forged piece through a field test, and verifying the process rationality through machining.

Disclosure of Invention

This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The invention provides a method for forming an aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part by cold extrusion.

Therefore, the invention aims to provide the cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part, which meets the production requirement of the part forging, reduces the machining allowance of the part, saves raw materials, shortens the machining period and meets the requirement of lean manufacturing.

To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a cold extrusion forming process of an aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, adjusting a forging die, adjusting a die gap and dislocation, lubricating the die by using industrial lard as a lubricant, selecting a proper upper fixed die and a proper lower fixed die according to the size of a workpiece, adjusting the gap and dislocation distance between the upper fixed die and the lower fixed die, and then lubricating the upper fixed die and the lower fixed die by using the industrial lard as a lubricant;

step two: then heating and softening the raw material to be processed, putting the pretreated raw material into a preheating device, and setting the preheating temperature and the preheating time;

step three: putting the softened raw material into a lower fixed die in forging equipment, taking out the preheated raw material, putting the raw material into a mould pressing groove in the lower fixed die, and putting the position of the raw material in the mould pressing groove;

step four: starting a forging die, enabling an upper fixed die to move downwards under the action of an electric screw press, enabling softened metal to flow in an inner cavity of a die pressing groove of a lower fixed die under the action of pressure until a cavity is full of the softened metal, and enabling the upper fixed die to move downwards under the power of the electric screw press by simultaneously operating a starting button on a panel through two hands so as to apply pressure to raw materials in a lower die pressing groove;

step five: after the stroke of the forging and pressing die equipment is finished, the metal does not flow any more, the appearance and the size of a final cold extrusion piece are formed, meanwhile, the upper fixed die is separated from the lower fixed die, the cooling of the formed die is accelerated through the cooling device, the upper fixed die is automatically separated from the lower fixed die and the die pressing groove after the forming of the forging and pressing die is finished, and meanwhile, the cooling device is used by workers to cool the extruded and formed workpiece through air, so that the cooling efficiency of the workpiece is accelerated;

step six: and after the formed die is completely cooled and solidified, taking out the formed die through an ejection device on the forging device, and after the workpiece is cooled, moving an ejection cylinder on the ejection assembly upwards to drive an ejection block to move upwards and eject the cooled workpiece out of a die pressing groove.

As a preferred scheme of the cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part, the process comprises the following steps: the forging and pressing die comprises a lower fixed die and an electric screw press, wherein a die pressing groove and an ejection assembly are arranged on the lower fixed die, and an upper fixed die is arranged at the bottom output end of the electric screw press.

As a preferred scheme of the cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part, the process comprises the following steps: and the inner cavity of the mould pressing groove is provided with a through hole matched with the ejection assembly.

As a preferred scheme of the cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part, the process comprises the following steps: the specific operation flow of the second step is as follows:

firstly, heating the raw materials to 400-500 ℃, keeping the temperature for about 4 hours, and then cooling the raw materials to 150 ℃ along with the furnace.

As a preferred scheme of the cold extrusion forming process of the aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part, the process comprises the following steps: the power of the electric screw press is 3150T, and the speed is 2-6 mm/s.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the production requirement of the part forging is met, the machining allowance of the part is reduced, raw materials are saved, the machining period is shortened, the requirement of lean manufacturing is met, heating during common hot forging can be avoided during production, the forging process is reduced, and meanwhile, the machining time can be saved during machining, and the machining period is shortened.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flow chart of the process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a side-down stent according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the ejection assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the placement of the stock material in the mold of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the final forming of the raw material of the present invention in a mold.

In the figure; 100 lower fixed moulds, 110 mould pressing grooves, 120 ejection assemblies, 200 electric screw presses and 210 upper fixed moulds.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein for convenience of illustration, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not enlarged partially according to the general scale, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

A cold extrusion forming process of an aluminum alloy complex cup-shaped thin-wall part comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, adjusting a forging die, adjusting the gap and the offset of the die, lubricating the die by using industrial lard as a lubricant, selecting a proper upper fixed die 210 and a proper lower fixed die 100 according to the size of a workpiece, adjusting the gap and the offset distance between the upper fixed die 210 and the lower fixed die 100, and then lubricating the upper fixed die 210 and the lower fixed die 100 by using the industrial lard as a lubricant;

step two: then heating and softening the raw material to be processed, putting the pretreated raw material into a preheating device, and setting the preheating temperature and the preheating time;

step three: putting the softened raw material into a lower fixed die 100 in forging equipment, taking out the preheated raw material, putting the raw material into a die pressing groove 110 in the lower fixed die 100, and putting the position of the raw material in the die pressing groove 110;

step four: starting a forging die, wherein the upper fixed die 210 moves downwards under the action of the electric screw press 200, the softened metal flows in the inner cavity of the die pressing groove 110 of the lower fixed die 100 under the action of pressure until the die cavity is filled, and the upper fixed die 210 moves downwards under the power of the electric screw press 200 by simultaneously operating the starting button on the panel with two hands to apply pressure to the raw material in the lower die pressing groove 110;

step five: after the stroke of the forging and pressing die equipment is finished, the metal does not flow any more, the appearance and the size of a final cold extrusion piece are formed, meanwhile, the upper fixed die 210 is separated from the lower fixed die 100, the cooling of the formed die is accelerated through the cooling device, the upper fixed die 210 automatically separates from the lower fixed die 100 and the die pressing groove 110 after the forging and pressing die is formed, and meanwhile, the cooling device is used by workers to cool the extruded workpiece through air, so that the cooling efficiency of the workpiece is accelerated;

step six: after the formed die is completely cooled and solidified, the formed die is taken out through an ejection device on the forging device, and after the workpiece is cooled, an ejection cylinder on the ejection assembly 120 moves upwards to drive an ejection block to move upwards, so that the cooled workpiece is ejected out of the die pressing groove 110.

Specifically, the forging die comprises a lower fixed die 100 and an electric screw press 200, wherein the lower fixed die 100 is provided with a die pressing groove 110 and an ejection assembly 120, and the bottom output end of the electric screw press 200 is provided with an upper fixed die 210.

Specifically, the inner cavity of the molding groove 110 is provided with a through hole matched with the ejection assembly 120.

Specifically, the specific operation flow of the step two is as follows: firstly, heating the raw materials to 400-500 ℃, keeping the temperature for about 4 hours, and then cooling the raw materials to 150 ℃ along with the furnace.

Specifically, the power of the electric screw press 200 is 3150T, and the speed is 2-6 mm/s.

While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be used in any combination, provided that no structural conflict exists, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.